Advertisement
| chicken in other languages: How to Speak Chicken Melissa Caughey, 2017-11-28 Best-selling author Melissa Caughey knows that backyard chickens are like any favorite pet — fun to spend time with and fascinating to observe. Her hours among the flock have resulted in this quirky, irresistible guide packed with firsthand insights into how chickens communicate and interact, use their senses to understand the world around them, and establish pecking order and roles within the flock. Combining her up-close observations with scientific findings and interviews with other chicken enthusiasts, Caughey answers unexpected questions such as Do chickens have names for each other? How do their eyes work? and How do chickens learn? Foreword INDIES Silver Award Winner |
| chicken in other languages: Language Otto Jespersen, 1922 |
| chicken in other languages: Language Otto Jespersen, 2018-09-20 Reproduction of the original: Language by Otto Jespersen |
| chicken in other languages: Language: Its Nature, Development and Origin Otto Jespersen, 2022-05-28 This book is a classic work of linguistics, created by one of the most prominent scholars, Otto Jaspersen. The linguistic importance of this book is attributed to the fact that it underlines the importance of the role of the speaker in the natural development of the language. The topics presented in this book include the history of linguistics pre and during the 19th century, the development of child language, the role of the speaker on language development, causes for the linguistic change, etymology, and language development. |
| chicken in other languages: Language Matters: A Guide to Everyday Questions About Language Donna Jo Napoli, 2003-03-27 Is Ebonics really a dialect or simply bad English? Do women and men speak differently? Will computers ever really learn human language? Does offensive language harm children? These are only a few of the issues surrounding language that crop up every day. Most of us have very definite opinions on these questions one way or another. Yet as linguist Donna Jo Napoli points out in this short and highly entertaining volume, many of our most deeply held ideas about the nature of language and its role in our lives are either misconceived or influenced by myths and stereotypes Napoli provides an entertaining tour through the world of language, examining these and other vexing and controversial language-related questions. Throughout, she encourages and leads the reader to use common-sense and everyday experience rather than preconceived notions or technical linguistic expertise. Both her questions and her conclusions are surprising, sometimes provocative, and always entertaining. This volume is sure to engage both general readers and students of language and linguistics at any level. |
| chicken in other languages: Language Complexity Matti Miestamo, Kaius Sinnemäki, Fred Karlsson, 2008 Language complexity has recently attracted considerable attention from linguists of many different persuasions. This volume a thematic selection of papers from the conference Approaches to Complexity in Language, held in Helsinki, August 2005 is the first collection of articles devoted to the topic. The sixteen chapters of the volume approach the notion of language complexity from a variety of perspectives. The papers are divided into three thematic sections that reflect the central themes of the book: Typology and theory, Contact and change, Creoles and pidgins. The book is mainly intended for typologists, historical linguists, contact linguists and creolists, as well as all linguists interested in language complexity in general. As the first collective volume on a very topical theme, the book is expected to be of lasting interest to the linguistic community. |
| chicken in other languages: The Possibility of Language Alan K. Melby, C. Terry Warner, 1995 This book is about the limits of machine translation. It is widely recognized that machine translation systems do much better on domain-specific controlled-language texts (domain texts for short) than on dynamic general-language texts (general texts for short). The authors explore this general domain distinction and come to some uncommon conclusions about the nature of language. Domain language is claimed to be made possible by general language, while general language is claimed to be made possible by the ethical dimensions of relationships. Domain language is unharmed by the constraints of objectivism, while general language is suffocated by those constraints. Along the way to these conclusions, visits are made to Descartes and Saussure, to Chomsky and Lakoff, to Wittgenstein and Levinas. From these conclusions, consequences are drawn for machine translation and translator tools, for linguistic theory and translation theory. The title of the book does not question whether language is possible; it asks, with wonder and awe, why communication through language is possible. |
| chicken in other languages: English in Contact with Other Languages Wolfgang Viereck, Wolf-Dietrich Bald, 1986 |
| chicken in other languages: Throwing the Elephant Stanley Bing, 2009-03-17 Stanley Bing follows his enormously successful What Would Machiavelli Do? with another subversively humorous exploration of how work would be different—if the Buddha were your personal consultant. What would the Buddha do—if he had to deal with a rampaging elephant of a boss every day? That is the premise of Stanley Bing’s wickedly funny guide to finding inner peace in the face of relentlessly obnoxious, huge, and sometimes smelly bosses. Taking the concept of managing up to a new cosmic plateau, Bing urges no less than a revolution of the spirit in the American workplace, turning overwrought, oppressed, stressed-out employees into models of Zen-like powers of concentration, able to take their elephant-like bosses and grey, lumbering companies and twirl them around the little finger of their consciousness. In Bing’s unique tradition of social criticism cum business self-help, Throwing the Elephant presents Four Truths (or possibly Five), a Ninefold Path, and one useful, hilarious guide to workplace sanity, success, and enlightenment that surpasses all understanding, survival. |
| chicken in other languages: Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas Stephen A. Wurm, Peter Mühlhäusler, Darrell T. Tryon, 2011-02-11 “An absolutely unique work in linguistics publishing – full of beautiful maps and authoritative accounts of well-known and little-known language encounters. Essential reading (and map-viewing) for students of language contact with a global perspective.” Prof. Dr. Martin Haspelmath, Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie The two text volumes cover a large geographical area, including Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, South -East Asia (Insular and Continental), Oceania, the Philippines, Taiwan, Korea, Mongolia, Central Asia, the Caucasus Area, Siberia, Arctic Areas, Canada, Northwest Coast and Alaska, United States Area, Mexico, Central America, and South America. The Atlas is a detailed, far-reaching handbook of fundamental importance, dealing with a large number of diverse fields of knowledge, with the reported facts based on sound scholarly research and scientific findings, but presented in a form intelligible to non-specialists and educated lay persons in general. |
| chicken in other languages: Pidgin and Creole Languages Suzanne Romaine, 2017-09-08 This book defines and describes the linguistic features of these languages and considers the dynamic developments that bring them into being and lead to changes in their structure. |
| chicken in other languages: Adaptive Languages Christian Bentz, 2018-06-11 Languages carry information. To fulfil this purpose, they employ a multitude of coding strategies. This book explores a core property of linguistic coding – called lexical diversity. Parallel text corpora of overall more than 1800 texts written in more than 1200 languages are the basis for computational analyses. Different measures of lexical diversity are discussed and tested, and Shannon’s measure of uncertainty – the entropy – is chosen to assess differences in the distributions of words. To further explain this variation, a range of descriptive, explanatory, and grouping factors are considered in a series of statistical models. The first category includes writing systems, word-formation patterns, registers and styles. The second category includes population size, non-native speaker proportions and language status. Grouping factors further elicit whether the results extrapolate across – or are limited to – specific language families and areas. This account marries information-theoretic methods with a complex systems framework, illustrating how languages adapt to the varying needs of their users. It sheds light on the puzzling diversity of human languages in a quantitative, data driven and reproducible manner. |
| chicken in other languages: Language, Mind, and Culture Zoltan Kovecses, 2006-10-12 How do we make sense of our experience? In order to understand how we construct meaning, the varied and complex relationships among language, mind, and culture need to be understood. While cognitive linguists typically study the cognitive aspects of language, and linguistic anthropologists typically study language and culture, Language, Mind, and Culture is the first book to combine all three and provide an account of meaning-making in language and culture by examining the many cognitive operations in this process. In addition to providing a comprehensive theory of how we can account for meaning making, Language, Mind, and Culture is a textbook for anyone interested in the fascinating issues surrounding the relationship between language, mind, and culture. Further, the book is also a practical introduction: most of the chapters include exercises that help the student understand the theoretical issues. No prior knowledge of linguistics is assumed, and the material is accessible and useful to students in a variety of other disciplines, such as anthropology, English, sociology, philosophy, psychology, communication, rhetoric, and others. Language, Mind, and Culture helps us make sense of not only linguistic meaning but also of some of the important personal and social issues we encounter in our lives as members of particular cultures and as human beings. |
| chicken in other languages: Number in the World's Languages Paolo Acquaviva, Michael Daniel, 2022-06-21 The strong development in research on grammatical number in recent years has created a need for a unified perspective. The different frameworks, the ramifications of the theoretical questions, and the diversity of phenomena across typological systems, make this a significant challenge. This book addresses the challenge with a series of in-depth analyses of number across a typologically diverse sample, unified by a common set of descriptive and analytic questions from a semantic, morphological, syntactic, and discourse perspective. Each case study is devoted to a single language, or in a few cases to a language group. They are written by specialists who can rely on first-hand data or on material of difficult access, and can place the phenomena in the context of the respective system. The studies are preceded and concluded by critical overviews which frame the discussion and identify the main results and open questions. With specialist chapters breaking new ground, this book will help number specialists relate their results to other theoretical and empirical domains, and it will provide a reliable guide to all linguists and other researchers interested in number. |
| chicken in other languages: Typology and Second Language Acquisition Anna Giacalone Ramat, 2011-07-11 In recent years research on comparative typology has led to reveal regularities and to formulate new constraints upon variation for a broad range of phenomena. As the amount of typological research increased, a growing interest arose for the implications that findings in the typological field might have on second language acquisition. Written by experts in the field of typology and/or second language acquisition, this volume addresses theoretical and empirical issues on structural domains such as relative clauses and possessive constructions as well as pragmatic considerations on information organization in learners productions. |
| chicken in other languages: How Languages Work Carol Genetti, 2014-01-23 A new and exciting introduction to linguistics, this textbook presents language in all its amazing complexity, while guiding students gently through the basics. Students emerge with an appreciation of the diversity of the world's languages, as well as a deeper understanding of the structure of human language, the ways it is used, and its broader social and cultural context. Chapters introducing the nuts and bolts of language study (phonology, syntax, meaning) are combined with those on the 'functions' of language (discourse, prosody, pragmatics, and language contact), helping students gain a better grasp of how language works in the real world. A rich set of language 'profiles' help students explore the world's linguistic diversity, identify similarities and differences between languages, and encourages them to apply concepts from earlier chapter material. A range of carefully designed pedagogical features encourage student engagement, adopting a step-by-step approach and using study questions and case studies. |
| chicken in other languages: Language Typology and Language Universals 2.Teilband Martin Haspelmath, Ekkehard König, Wulf Oesterreicher, Wolfgang Raible, 2008-07-14 This handbook provides a comprehensive and thorough survey of our current insights into the diversity and unity found across the 6000 languages of this planet. The 125 articles include inter alia chapters on the patterns and limits of variation manifested by analogous structures, constructions and linguistic devices across languages (e.g. word order, tense and aspect, inflection, color terms and syllable structure). Other chapters cover the history, methodology and the theory of typology, as well as the relationship between language typology and other disciplines. The authors of the individual sections and chapters are for the most part internationally known experts on the relevant topics. The vast majority of the articles are written in English, some in French or German. The handbook is not only intended for the expert in the fields of typology and language universals, but for all of those interested in linguistics. It is specifically addressed to all those who specialize in individual languages, providing basic orientation for their analysis and placing each language within the space of what is possible and common in the languages of the world. |
| chicken in other languages: Neanderthal Language Rudolf Botha, 2020-05-21 Did Neanderthals have language, and if so, what was it like? Scientists agree overall that the behaviour and cognition of Neanderthals resemble that of early modern humans in important ways. However, the existence and nature of Neanderthal language remains a controversial topic. The first in-depth treatment of this intriguing subject, this book comes to the unique conclusion that, collective hunting is a better window on Neanderthal language than other behaviours. It argues that Neanderthal hunters employed linguistic signs akin to those of modern language, but lacked complex grammar. Rudolf Botha unpacks and appraises important inferences drawn by researchers working in relevant branches of archaeology and other prehistorical fields, and uses a large range of multidisciplinary literature to bolster his arguments. An important contribution to this lively field, this book will become a landmark book for students and scholars alike, in essence, illuminating Neanderthals' linguistic powers. |
| chicken in other languages: Contact Languages Sarah G. Thomason, 1997-03-06 This book contributes to a more balanced view of the most dramatic results of language contact by presenting linguistic and historical sketches of lesser-known contact languages. The twelve case studies offer eloquent testimony against the still common view that all contact languages are pidgins and creoles with maximally simple and essentially identical grammars. They show that some contact languages are neither pidgins nor creoles, and that even pidgins and creoles can display considerable structural diversity and structural complexity; they also show that two-language contact situations can give rise to pidgins, especially when access to a target language is withheld by its speakers. The chapters are arranged according to language type: three focus on pidgins (Hiri Motu, by Tom Dutton; Pidgin Delaware, by Ives Goddard; and Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin, by George L. Huttar and Frank J. Velantie), two on creoles (Kituba, by Salikoko S. Mufwene, and Sango, by Helma Pasch), one on a set of pidgins and creoles (Arabic-based contact languages, by Jonathan Owens), one on the question of early pidginization and/or creolization in Swahili (by Derek Nurse), and five on bilingual mixed languages (Michif, by Peter Bakker and Robert A. Papen; Media Lengua and Callahuaya, both by Pieter Muysken; and Mednyj Aleut and Ma’a, both by Sarah Thomason). The authors’ collective goal is to help offset the traditional emphasis, within contact-language studies, on pidgins and creoles that arose as an immediate result of contact with Europeans, starting in the Age of Exploration. The accumulation of case studies on a wide diversity of languages is needed to create a body of knowledge substantial enough to support robust generalizations about the nature and development of all types of contact language. |
| chicken in other languages: Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science Henri Cohen, Claire Lefebvre, 2005-10-25 Categorization, the basic cognitive process of arranging objects into categories, is a fundamental process in human and machine intelligence and is central to investigations and research in cognitive science. Until now, categorization has been approached from singular disciplinary perspectives with little overlap or communication between the disciplines involved (Linguistics, Psychology, Philosophy, Neuroscience, Computer Science, Cognitive Anthropology). Henri Cohen and Claire Lefebvre have gathered together a stellar collection of contributors in this unique, ambitious attempt to bring together converging disciplinary and conceptual perspectives on this topic. Categorization is a key concept across the range of cognitive sciences, including linguistics and philosophy, yet hitherto it has been hard to find accounts that go beyond the concerns of one or two individual disciplines. The Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science provides just the sort of interdisciplinary approach that is necessary to synthesize knowledge from the different fields and provide the basis for future innovation. Professor Bernard Comrie, Department of Linguistics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Germany Anyone concerned with language, semantics, or categorization will want to have this encyclopedic collection. Professor Eleanor Rosch, Dept of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA |
| chicken in other languages: Lexical Functions in Lexicography and Natural Language Processing Leo Wanner, 1996-02-23 Lexical Functions in Lexicography and Natural Language Processing is entirely devoted to the topic of Lexical Functions, which have been introduced in the framework of the Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) as a means for describing restricted lexical co-occurrence and derivational relations. It provides detailed background information, comparative studies of other known proposals for the representation of relations covered by Lexical Functions, as well as a selection of most important works done on and with Lexical Functions in lexicography and computational linguistics. This volume provides excellent course material while it also reports on the state-of-the-art in the field. |
| chicken in other languages: Functionalist and Usage-based Approaches to the Study of Language K. Aaron Smith, Dawn Nordquist, 2018-03-15 The contributions to this volume honor Joan Bybee’s 2005 LSA Presidential address “Grammar is Usage and Usage is Grammar,” as a cumulative articulation of Professor Bybee's long and influential career in linguistics. The volume begins with a functional examination of child language acquisition of ergative languages. The next three contributions successively investigate the grammaticalization of Greek postural verbs, Spanish third person pronouns, and American Sign Language topicalization constructions. The two following papers report on usage-based phonological studies of Spanish /s/ and /d/, respectively. The book concludes with four papers that address usage-based effects concerning the grammatical status of ain’t in African American English, Spanish verbs of “becoming”, and English lexis and prefabs. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience of functional and cognitive linguistic researchers. |
| chicken in other languages: Global Engineering and Construction J. K. Yates, 2006-11-03 The essential manual for managing global engineering and construction projects and working with multinational project teams The first book written for operations-level engineers, constructors, and students, Global Engineering and Construction is an essential manual for navigating the confusing world of engineering and construction in the global arena and for working on multinational teams. From project management to finance, global construction to alliances, international standards to competitiveness, this book contains country- and region-specific information on cultural issues, legal systems, bid estimates, scheduling, business practices, productivity improvement, and tips for successfully working on and managing global projects. This book also provides a useful glossary and numerous case studies illustrating practices in the real world. Global Engineering and Construction features the latest coverage on such topics as: Project management Engineering design Designing for terrorism Kidnapping protection Construction failures Preparing to work globally Safety Issues Legal Issues Technical and quality standards Environmental issues Productivity improvement Planning and engineering delays and mitigation strategies Concepts of culture and global issues Global competitiveness Global engineering and construction alliances Global financing techniques Country-specific information |
| chicken in other languages: The Development of Language Martyn Barrett, 2016-01-28 This book presents a general overview of our current knowledge of language development in children. All the principal strands of language development are covered, including phonological, lexical, syntactic and pragmatic development; bilingualism; precursors to language development in infancy; and the language development of children with developmental disabilities, including children with specific language impairment. Written by leading international authorities, each chapter summarises clearly and lucidly our current state of knowledge, and carefully explains and evaluates the theories which have been proposed to account for children's development in that area. |
| chicken in other languages: The Serial Verb Construction Parameter Osamuyimen Thompson Stewart, 2013-10-31 An investigation of the serial verb construction, this work engages central issues in syntactic theory-complex predicates, clausal architecture and syntactic variation. |
| chicken in other languages: Similar Languages, Varieties, and Dialects Marcos Zampieri, Preslav Nakov, 2021-09-02 Studying language variation requires comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge and new computational tools. This essential reference introduces researchers and graduate students in computer science, linguistics, and NLP to the core topics in language variation and the computational methods applied to similar languages, varieties, and dialects. |
| chicken in other languages: Bengal, Past & Present , 1907 |
| chicken in other languages: Decolonizing Foreign Language Education Donaldo Macedo, 2019-01-10 Decolonizing Foreign Language Education interrogates current foreign language and second language education approaches that prioritize white, western thought. Edited by acclaimed critical theorist and linguist Donaldo Macedo, this volume includes cutting-edge work by a select group of critical language scholars working to rigorously challenge the marginalization of foreign language education and the displacement of indigenous and non-standard language varieties through the reification of colonial languages. Each chapter confronts the hold of colonialism and imperialism that inform and shape the relationship between foreign language education and literary studies by asserting that a critical approach to applied linguistics is just as important a tool for FL/ESL/EFL educators as literature or linguistic theory. |
| chicken in other languages: Maintaining Three Languages Xiao-lei Wang, 2015-11-05 The teenage years are a fascinating time in the life of any family, but what happens when the challenges of parenting teenagers are combined with the desire to help your children build on their multilingual abilities? In this follow-up to Growing up with Three Languages: Birth to Eleven, Xiao-lei Wang offers a unique insight into the dynamics of a multilingual family. She combines practical, evidence-based advice with rich detail from observations of her own family to offer support and inspiration on an aspect of multilingual parenting that has received comparatively little attention. By placing language within the wider context of teenagers’ cognitive and social development, this book will enable parents everywhere to help and guide their children through the next step in their multilingual journey. |
| chicken in other languages: Language Universals and Second Language Acquisition William E. Rutherford, 1984-01-01 This volume consists of papers presented at the Conference on Language Universals and Second Language Acquisition, University of Southern California, February 1982. Published with the papers are the remarks of the originally assigned discussants. The collection represents an important cross-fertilization between research in grammatical theory and in second language acquisition. Topics dealt with in a number of the papers include word order, markedness, core grammar, accessability hierarchies, and simplified registers. The range of universals discussed embraces phonology, syntax, semantics, and discourse. Universals are also considered with reference to ontology, psychological reality, and evaluation metrics. |
| chicken in other languages: Grammar Without Grammaticality Geoffrey Sampson, Anna Babarczy, 2013-11-27 Linguists have standardly assumed that grammar is about identifying all and only the 'good' sentences of a language, which implies that there must be other, 'bad' sentences - but in practice most linguists know that it is hard to pin those down. The standard assumption is no more than an assumption. A century ago, grammarians did not think about their subject that way, and our book shows that the older idea was right: linguists can and should dispense with the concept 'starred sentence'. We draw on corpus data in order to support a different model of grammar, in which individuals refine positive grammatical habits to greater or lesser extents in diverse and unpredictable directions, but nothing is ever ruled out. Languages are not merely alternative methods of verbalizing universal logical forms. We use empirical evidence to shed light on the routes by which school-age children gradually expand their battery of grammatical resources, which turn out to be sometimes counter-intuitive. Our rejection of the 'starred sentence' concept has attracted considerable discussion, and we summarize the reactions and respond to our critics. The contrasting models of grammar described in this book entail contrasting pictures of human nature; our closing chapter shows that grammatical theory is not value-neutral but has an ethical dimension. |
| chicken in other languages: Storey's Guide to Raising Chickens, 3rd Edition Gail Damerow, 2010-05-19 Gail Damerow shows you how to choose the right breeds for your needs, build efficient chicken coops, provide necessary medical attention for your animals, and much more. Whether you’re raising broilers for meat or preparing your chickens to win a blue ribbon at the next county fair, Storey’s Guide to Raising Chickens will help you achieve your poultry-raising goals. |
| chicken in other languages: A Face Like a Chicken's Backside J P Cross, 2024-12-30 In almost forty years in Asia without a home posting, British officer John Cross spent ten of them ‘under the jungle canopy’. He amassed a wealth of experience fighting against Communist Revolutionary Warfare, and training others to do so. As a result he was called upon to work in many formidable situations, and twice found himself on an army short-list of one for difficult tasks. Cross focuses on five stages in his extraordinary army career. He spent eight years as a company commander with the Gurkhas in Malaya fighting jungle operations against the communists. After that he took part in the attempt to end twenty years of guerrilla domination over the aborigines in north Malaya, and secured the territory between Thailand and the aboriginal population that had been occupied and used by the guerrillas. As commander of the Sarawak and Sabah Border Scouts in Borneo, Cross was constantly on the move. At one point in this hectic period in his service he narrowly escaped having his head cut off by an angry tribesman. He then commanded the Gurkha Independent Parachute Company, which had to operate like paras, SAS men and conventional soldiers, during the latter part of the Indonesian Confrontation with Malaya. Finally, Cross was the last commander of the British Army’s Jungle Warfare School, which trained officers and men from five continents – including American trackers who, as a result, had the price on their heads doubled in Vietnam. After the closure of the Jungle Warfare School, John Cross was asked to work in both the Royal Thai Army and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Instead he became defense Attaché in Laos. This fascinating book provides vivid insight into the realities of jungle warfare by one of its most experienced practitioners. |
| chicken in other languages: Africa's Endangered Languages Jason Kandybowicz, Harold Torrence, 2017-07-10 Relatively little is known about Africa's endangered languages. Unlike indigenous languages in Australia, North Asia, and the Americas, which are predominantly threatened by colonizers, African languages are threatened most immediately by other local languages. As a result, the threat of language extinction is perceived as lower in Africa than in other parts of the globe, and a disproportionate amount of research is devoted to the study of endangered African languages when compared to any other linguistically threatened region in the world. There are approximately 308 highly endangered languages spoken in Africa (roughly 12% of all African languages) and at least 201 extinct African languages. This volume hopes to illuminate and challenge this trend. Chapters offer both documentary and theoretical perspectives, emphasizing the symbiotic relationship between the two approaches and its implications for the preservation of endangered languages, both in the African context and more broadly. Documentary-oriented chapters deal with key issues in African language documentation including language preservation and revitalization, community activism, and data collection and dissemination methodologies, among others. Theoretically-oriented chapters provide detailed descriptions and analyses of phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic phenomena, and connect these to current theoretical issues and debates. Africa's Endangered Languages provides thorough coverage of a continent's neglected languages that will spur linguists and Africanists alike to work to protect them. |
| chicken in other languages: African Languages Bernd Heine, Derek Nurse, 2000-08-03 This book is an introduction to African languages and linguistics, covering typology, structure and sociolinguistics. The twelve chapters are written by a team of fifteen eminent Africanists, and their topics include the four major language groupings (Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, Afroasiatic and Khoisan), the core areas of modern theoretical linguistics (phonology, morphology, syntax), typology, sociolinguistics, comparative linguistics, and language, history and society. Basic concepts and terminology are explained for undergraduates and non-specialist readers, but each chapter also provides an overview of the state of the art in its field, and as such will be referred to also by more advanced students and general linguists. The book brings this range of material together in accessible form for anyone wishing to learn more about this challenging and fascinating field. |
| chicken in other languages: Feminist language forms in German: A corpus-assisted study of personal appellation with non-human referents Claudia Posch, 2014-05-01 This study uses constructivist language theory based on Lann Hornscheidt’s research as a framework. Grammar is viewed as a form of language use being more or less conventionalized. So, the debate on feminist linguistics is viewed from a new perspective. The study begins with an introduction summarizing the state of research and establishing the research questions. Ch. 2 presents the constructivist framework: The notion of extra-linguistic reality is abandoned and also the idea of language as reflection of reality. The strict distinction between a preliminary language system and language use no longer exists. Ch. 3 provides an overview of German feminist linguistics with a critical perspective on its early discussions. Ch. 4 gives a historical overview on grammar theoretical views on gender. Ch. 5 deals with more recent approaches including diachronic approaches to the question of grammatical gender. The critical evaluation shows that feminist linguistics is now part of different fields of study, even if grammar theorists often do not recognize the results of feminist linguistics. In Ch. 6 a corpus-assisted study of so-called genderfair forms in German is presented and the methodology is explained. In Ch. 7 results are summarized and presented with a particular focus on the usage of genderfair forms with non-human referents. Conclusions from the findings and a general outlook are presented in Ch. 8. |
| chicken in other languages: The Languages of Mainland Southeast Asia N. J. Enfield, 2021-04-01 Mainland Southeast Asia is one of the most fascinating and complex cultural and linguistic areas in the world. This book provides a rich and comprehensive survey of the history and core systems and subsystems of the languages of this fascinating region. Drawing on his depth of expertise in mainland Southeast Asia, Enfield includes more than a thousand data examples from over a hundred languages from Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, bringing together a wealth of data and analysis that has not previously been available in one place. Chapters cover the many ways in which these languages both resemble each other, and differ from each other, and the diversity of the area's languages is highlighted, with a special emphasis on minority languages, which outnumber the national languages by nearly a hundred to one. The result is an authoritative treatment of a fascinating and important linguistic area. |
| chicken in other languages: Revivalistics Ghil'ad Zuckermann, 2020-04-14 In this book, Ghil'ad Zuckermann introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration. Applying lessons from the Hebrew revival of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to contemporary endangered languages, Zuckermann takes readers along a fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival and provides new insights into language genesis. Beginning with a critical analysis of Israeli-the language resulting from the Hebrew revival-Zuckermann's radical theory contradicts conventional accounts of the Hebrew revival and challenges the family tree model of historical linguistics. Revivalistics demonstrates how grammatical cross-fertilization with the revivalists' mother tongues is inevitable in the case of successful revival languages. The second part of the book then applies these lessons from the Israeli language to revival movements in Australia and globally, describing the why and how of revivalistics. With examples from the Barngarla Aboriginal language of South Australia, Zuckermann proposes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons for language revival and offers practical methods for reviving languages. Based on years of the author's research, fieldwork, and personal experience with language revivals all over the globe, Revivalistics offers ground-breaking theoretical and pragmatic contributions to the field of language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration. |
| chicken in other languages: Language Decline and Death in Africa Herman Batibo, 2005-01-01 The aim of this book is to inform both scholars and the public about the nature and extent of the problem of language decline and death in Africa. It resourcefully traces the main causes and circumstances of language endangerment, the processes and extent of language shift and death, and the consequences of language loss to the continent's rich linguistic and cultural heritage. The book outlines some of the challenges that have emerged out of the situation. |
| chicken in other languages: The Origins of Grammar James R. Hurford, 2012 The second in James Hurford's acclaimed two-volume exploration of the biological evolution of language explores the evolutionary and cultural preconditions and consequences of humanity's great leap into language. |
Raising Chickens 101 - Chicks, Breeds, Coops, Tips
Tips & Tricks for raising chickens, building chicken coops, & choosing chicken breeds + ask questions in our community forum Featured Content 2026 BYC Calendar Photo Contest 2025 …
Chicken Laws & Ordinances | BackYard Chickens - Learn How to …
Jun 26, 2013 · Boise Idaho Chicken Ordinance Are Chickens Allowed in this location Yes Max Chickens Allowed 6 or 12 per acre. Big Sky Neighborhood allows 12 per half acre. Roosters …
How To Raise Chickens
Aug 24, 2020 · When buying or building a coop, make sure it's big enough for them (and any future additions). A good rule of thumb for space requirements is approximately 3–4 square …
What Is The Life Expectancy of Chickens?
Mar 23, 2022 · Chicken life expectancy, health, and other genetic traits received very little attention. Chickens were simply chickens. In the 19th century, people started gathering …
A Backyard Chicken Enthusiast's Formulary (Avian Drugs and …
Jan 19, 2025 · Treating pain or other symptoms is far different than treating a specific disease, keep this in mind if trying to treat ‘respiratory disease’ or diarrhea, because treating a chicken …
Forum list | BackYard Chickens - Learn How to Raise Chickens
May 8, 2025 · Tips for raising chickens, building chicken coops & choosing breeds. Get help from thousands of community experts
Chickens are cool! (50 chicken facts you will love)
Jul 28, 2014 · 10. Each chicken sound means something specific. 11. A chicken can live for a short while without a head! 12. A hen can lay more than 300 eggs a year. 13. A mother hen …
24 Cool Chicken Runs – Plans, Pictures, & Designs
Aug 4, 2015 · Our weekly newsletter delivers chicken-raising tips, adorable photos, & insider secrets. Plus, you’ll get access to special deals & contests. Unsubscribe at any time.
Should you wash eggs? The pros and cons - BackYard Chickens
Jan 6, 2025 · If you've ever seen a chicken lay an egg, you may notice it looks shiny and wet. That shiny substance would be the bloom. It dries in just a few seconds of the egg being laid. …
Coccidiosis & How To Treat It - BackYard Chickens
Nov 10, 2012 · Coccidia are a microscopic parasitic organism that infect poultry when ingested by the chicken. The parasites found in the ground or bird feces attaches itself to the lining in the …
Raising Chickens 101 - Chicks, Breeds, Coops, Tips
Tips & Tricks for raising chickens, building chicken coops, & choosing chicken breeds + ask questions in our community forum Featured Content 2026 BYC Calendar Photo Contest 2025 …
Chicken Laws & Ordinances | BackYard Chickens - Learn How to …
Jun 26, 2013 · Boise Idaho Chicken Ordinance Are Chickens Allowed in this location Yes Max Chickens Allowed 6 or 12 per acre. Big Sky Neighborhood allows 12 per half acre. Roosters …
How To Raise Chickens
Aug 24, 2020 · When buying or building a coop, make sure it's big enough for them (and any future additions). A good rule of thumb for space requirements is approximately 3–4 square …
What Is The Life Expectancy of Chickens?
Mar 23, 2022 · Chicken life expectancy, health, and other genetic traits received very little attention. Chickens were simply chickens. In the 19th century, people started gathering …
A Backyard Chicken Enthusiast's Formulary (Avian Drugs and …
Jan 19, 2025 · Treating pain or other symptoms is far different than treating a specific disease, keep this in mind if trying to treat ‘respiratory disease’ or diarrhea, because treating a chicken …
Forum list | BackYard Chickens - Learn How to Raise Chickens
May 8, 2025 · Tips for raising chickens, building chicken coops & choosing breeds. Get help from thousands of community experts
Chickens are cool! (50 chicken facts you will love)
Jul 28, 2014 · 10. Each chicken sound means something specific. 11. A chicken can live for a short while without a head! 12. A hen can lay more than 300 eggs a year. 13. A mother hen …
24 Cool Chicken Runs – Plans, Pictures, & Designs
Aug 4, 2015 · Our weekly newsletter delivers chicken-raising tips, adorable photos, & insider secrets. Plus, you’ll get access to special deals & contests. Unsubscribe at any time.
Should you wash eggs? The pros and cons - BackYard Chickens
Jan 6, 2025 · If you've ever seen a chicken lay an egg, you may notice it looks shiny and wet. That shiny substance would be the bloom. It dries in just a few seconds of the egg being laid. …
Coccidiosis & How To Treat It - BackYard Chickens
Nov 10, 2012 · Coccidia are a microscopic parasitic organism that infect poultry when ingested by the chicken. The parasites found in the ground or bird feces attaches itself to the lining in the …
