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| chicken pox epidemic history: Pox Michael Willrich, 2011-03-31 The untold story of how America's Progressive-era war on smallpox sparked one of the great civil liberties battles of the twentieth century. At the turn of the last century, a powerful smallpox epidemic swept the United States from coast to coast. The age-old disease spread swiftly through an increasingly interconnected American landscape: from southern tobacco plantations to the dense immigrant neighborhoods of northern cities to far-flung villages on the edges of the nascent American empire. In Pox, award-winning historian Michael Willrich offers a gripping chronicle of how the nation's continentwide fight against smallpox launched one of the most important civil liberties struggles of the twentieth century. At the dawn of the activist Progressive era and during a moment of great optimism about modern medicine, the government responded to the deadly epidemic by calling for universal compulsory vaccination. To enforce the law, public health authorities relied on quarantines, pesthouses, and virus squads-corps of doctors and club-wielding police. Though these measures eventually contained the disease, they also sparked a wave of popular resistance among Americans who perceived them as a threat to their health and to their rights. At the time, anti-vaccinationists were often dismissed as misguided cranks, but Willrich argues that they belonged to a wider legacy of American dissent that attended the rise of an increasingly powerful government. While a well-organized anti-vaccination movement sprang up during these years, many Americans resisted in subtler ways-by concealing sick family members or forging immunization certificates. Pox introduces us to memorable characters on both sides of the debate, from Henning Jacobson, a Swedish Lutheran minister whose battle against vaccination went all the way to the Supreme Court, to C. P. Wertenbaker, a federal surgeon who saw himself as a medical missionary combating a deadly-and preventable-disease. As Willrich suggests, many of the questions first raised by the Progressive-era antivaccination movement are still with us: How far should the government go to protect us from peril? What happens when the interests of public health collide with religious beliefs and personal conscience? In Pox, Willrich delivers a riveting tale about the clash of modern medicine, civil liberties, and government power at the turn of the last century that resonates powerfully today. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Human Herpesviruses Ann Arvin, Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume, Edward Mocarski, Patrick S. Moore, Bernard Roizman, Richard Whitley, Koichi Yamanishi, 2007-08-16 This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, 2017-04-17 THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Vaccinating Britain Gareth Millward, 2019-01-29 This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This book is available as an open access ebook under a CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Vaccinating Britain shows how the British public has played a central role in the development of vaccination policy since the Second World War. It explores the relationship between the public and public health through five key vaccines – diphtheria, smallpox, poliomyelitis, whooping cough and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR). It reveals that while the British public has embraced vaccination as a safe, effective and cost-efficient form of preventative medicine, demand for vaccination and trust in the authorities that provide it has ebbed and flowed according to historical circumstances. It is the first book to offer a long-term perspective on vaccination across different vaccine types. This history provides context for students and researchers interested in present-day controversies surrounding public health immunisation programmes. Historians of the post-war British welfare state will find valuable insight into changing public attitudes towards institutions of government and vice versa. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Adverse Effects of Vaccines Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines, 2012-04-26 In 1900, for every 1,000 babies born in the United States, 100 would die before their first birthday, often due to infectious diseases. Today, vaccines exist for many viral and bacterial diseases. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, passed in 1986, was intended to bolster vaccine research and development through the federal coordination of vaccine initiatives and to provide relief to vaccine manufacturers facing financial burdens. The legislation also intended to address concerns about the safety of vaccines by instituting a compensation program, setting up a passive surveillance system for vaccine adverse events, and by providing information to consumers. A key component of the legislation required the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with the Institute of Medicine to assess concerns about the safety of vaccines and potential adverse events, especially in children. Adverse Effects of Vaccines reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), including the varicella zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, the hepatitis B vaccine, and the human papillomavirus vaccine, among others. For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. It finds that while no vaccine is 100 percent safe, very few adverse events are shown to be caused by vaccines. In addition, the evidence shows that vaccines do not cause several conditions. For example, the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism or childhood diabetes. Also, the DTaP vaccine is not associated with diabetes and the influenza vaccine given as a shot does not exacerbate asthma. Adverse Effects of Vaccines will be of special interest to the National Vaccine Program Office, the VICP, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccine safety researchers and manufacturers, parents, caregivers, and health professionals in the private and public sectors. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Scientific and Policy Considerations in Developing Smallpox Vaccination Options Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 2002-11-28 At the World Health Assembly in May 1980, the World Health Organization declared the world free of smallpox. Smallpox vaccination of civilians is now indicated only for laboratory workers directly involved with smallpox or closely related orthopox viruses. However recent questions raised by the terrorist attacks in fall 2001 have renewed concerns about possible outbreaks of smallpox resulting from its use as a biological weapon. In June 2002, the Institute of Medicine convened a public conference to discuss the scientific, clinical, procedural, and administrative aspects of various immunization strategies. Scientific and Policy Considerations in Developing Smallpox Vaccination Options summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Canadian Immunization Guide Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation, Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization, 2006 The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Microbial Zoonoses and Sapronoses Zdenek Hubálek, Ivo Rudolf, 2010-11-25 This book presents the state of art in the field of microbial zoonoses and sapronoses. It could be used as a textbook or manual in microbiology and medical zoology for students of human and veterinary medicine, including Ph.D. students, and for biomedicine scientists and medical practitioners and specialists as well. Surprisingly, severe zoonoses and sapronoses still appear that are either entirely new (e.g., SARS), newly recognized (Lyme borreliosis), resurging (West Nile fever in Europe), increasing in incidence (campylobacterosis), spatially expanding (West Nile fever in the Americas), with a changing range of hosts and/or vectors, with changing clinical manifestations or acquiring antibiotic resistance. The collective term for those diseases is (re)emerging infections, and most of them represent zoonoses and sapronoses (the rest are anthroponoses). The number of known zoonotic and sapronotic pathogens of humans is continually growing − over 800 today. In the introductory part, short characteristics are given of infectious and epidemic process, including the role of environmental factors, possibilities of their epidemiological surveillance, and control. Much emphasis is laid on ecological aspects of these diseases (haematophagous vectors and their life history; vertebrate hosts of zoonoses; habitats of the agents and their geographic distribution; natural focality of diseases). Particular zoonoses and sapronoses are then characterized in the following brief paragraphs: source of human infection; animal disease; transmission mode; human disease; epidemiology; diagnostics; therapy; geographic distribution. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Human Monkeypox , 1988 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Animals and Medicine Jack Botting, 2015-05-04 Animals and Medicine: The Contribution of Animal Experiments to the Control of Disease offers a detailed, scholarly historical review of the critical role animal experiments have played in advancing medical knowledge. Laboratory animals have been essential to this progress, and the knowledge gained has saved countless lives—both human and animal. Unfortunately, those opposed to using animals in research have often employed doctored evidence to suggest that the practice has impeded medical progress. This volume presents the articles Jack Botting wrote for the Research Defence Society News from 1991 to 1996, papers which provided scientists with the information needed to rebut such claims. Collected, they can now reach a wider readership interested in understanding the part of animal experiments in the history of medicine—from the discovery of key vaccines to the advancement of research on a range of diseases, among them hypertension, kidney failure and cancer.This book is essential reading for anyone curious about the role of animal experimentation in the history of science from the nineteenth century to the present. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Forum on Microbial Threats, 2007-07-08 In recent public workshops and working group meetings, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has examined a variety of infectious disease outbreaks with pandemic potential, including those caused by influenza (IOM, 2005) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (IOM, 2004). Particular attention has been paid to the potential pandemic threat posed by the H5N1 strain of avian influenza, which is now endemic in many Southeast Asian bird populations. Since 2003, the H5N1 subtype of avian influenza has caused 185 confirmed human deaths in 11 countries, including some cases of viral transmission from human to human (WHO, 2007). But as worrisome as these developments are, at least they are caused by known pathogens. The next pandemic could well be caused by the emergence of a microbe that is still unknown, much as happened in the 1980s with the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in 2003 with the appearance of the SARS coronavirus. Previous Forum meetings on pandemic disease have discussed the scientific and logistical challenges associated with pandemic disease recognition, identification, and response. Participants in these earlier meetings also recognized the difficulty of implementing disease control strategies effectively. Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease: Workshop Summary as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: On Immunity Eula Biss, 2014-09-30 A New York Times Best Seller A National Book Critics Circle Award Finalist A New York Times Book Review Top 10 Book of the Year A Facebook Year of Books Selection One of the Best Books of the Year * National Book Critics Circle Award finalist * The New York Times Book Review (Top 10) * Entertainment Weekly (Top 10) * New York Magazine (Top 10)* Chicago Tribune (Top 10) * Publishers Weekly (Top 10) * Time Out New York (Top 10) * Los Angeles Times * Kirkus * Booklist * NPR's Science Friday * Newsday * Slate * Refinery 29 * And many more... Why do we fear vaccines? A provocative examination by Eula Biss, the author of Notes from No Man's Land, winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award Upon becoming a new mother, Eula Biss addresses a chronic condition of fear-fear of the government, the medical establishment, and what is in your child's air, food, mattress, medicine, and vaccines. She finds that you cannot immunize your child, or yourself, from the world. In this bold, fascinating book, Biss investigates the metaphors and myths surrounding our conception of immunity and its implications for the individual and the social body. As she hears more and more fears about vaccines, Biss researches what they mean for her own child, her immediate community, America, and the world, both historically and in the present moment. She extends a conversation with other mothers to meditations on Voltaire's Candide, Bram Stoker's Dracula, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, Susan Sontag's AIDS and Its Metaphors, and beyond. On Immunity is a moving account of how we are all interconnected-our bodies and our fates. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The Speckled Monster Jennifer Lee Carrell, 2004-01-27 The Speckled Monster tells the dramatic story of two parents who dared to fight back against smallpox. After barely surviving the agony of smallpox themselves, they flouted eighteenth-century medicine by borrowing folk knowledge from African slaves and Eastern women in frantic bids to protect their children. From their heroic struggles stems the modern science of immunology as well as the vaccinations that remain our only hope should the disease ever be unleashed again. Jennifer Lee Carrell transports readers back to the early eighteenth century to tell the tales of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and Dr. Zabdiel Boylston, two iconoclastic figures who helped save London and Boston from the deadliest disease mankind has known. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Essential Human Virology Jennifer Louten, 2022-05-28 Essential Human Virology, Second Edition focuses on the structure and classification of viruses, virus transmission and virus replication strategies based upon type of viral nucleic acid. Several chapters focus on notable and recognizable viruses and the diseases caused by them, including influenza, HIV, hepatitis viruses, poliovirus, herpesviruses and emerging and dangerous viruses. Additionally, how viruses cause disease (pathogenesis) is highlighted, along with discussions on immune response to viruses, vaccines, anti-viral drugs, gene therapy, the beneficial uses of viruses, research laboratory assays and viral diagnosis assays. Fully revised and updated with new chapters on coronaviruses, nonliving infectious agents, and notable non-human viruses, the book provides students with a solid foundation in virology. - Focuses on human diseases and the cellular pathology that viruses cause - Highlights current and cutting-edge technology and associated issues - Presents real case studies and current news highlights in each chapter - Features dynamic illustrations, chapter assessment questions, key terms, and a summary of concepts, as well as an instructor website with lecture slides, a test bank and recommended activities - Updated and revised, with new chapters on coronaviruses, nonliving infectious agents, and notable non-human viruses |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Considerations for viral disease eradication Stacey Knobler, Joshua Lederberg, |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Pox Americana Elizabeth A. Fenn, 2002-10-02 A horrifying epidemic of smallpox was sweeping across the Americas when the War of Independence began, and yet little is known about it. Fenn reveals how deeply variola affected the outcome of the war in every colony and the lives of everyone in North America. Illustrations. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Textbook of Medical Virology Erik Lycke, Erling Norrby, 2014-06-28 Textbook of Medical Virology presents a critical review of general principles in the field of medical virology. It discusses the description and molecular structures of virus. It addresses the morphology and classifications of viruses. It also demonstrates the principal aspects of virus particle structure. Some of the topics covered in the book are the symmetrical arrangements of viruses; introduction to different families of animal viruses; biochemistry of virus particles; the immunological properties and biological activities of viral gene products; description of enzymatic activities of viruses; and haemagglutination, cell fusion, and haemolysis of viruses. The description and characteristics of viral antigens are covered. The identification and propagation of viruses in tissue and cell cultures are discussed. An in-depth analysis of the principles of virus replication is provided. A study of the morphogenesis of virions is also presented. A chapter is devoted to virus-induced changes of cell structures and functions. The book can provide useful information to virologists, microbiologists, students, and researchers. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Viruses, Plagues, and History Michael B. A. Oldstone, 2020 In Viruses, Plagues, and History, virologist Michael Oldstone explains the scientific principles of viruses and epidemics while relating the past and present history of the major and recurring viral threats to human health, and how they have influenced human events. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology Arie J. Zuckerman, Jangu E. Banatvala, John R. Pattison, Paul Griffiths, Barry Schoub, 2004-08-13 The knowledge and practice of clinical virology continues to expand. This new fifth edition has thirty-six comprehensive chapters, each of which has been extensively revised or rewritten, with the addition of new colour plates. This updated version takes into account knowledge accumulated in molecular biology with its applications for laboratory diagnosis, immunisation and antiviral chemotherapy. Each chapter highlights the clinical features and epidemiological patterns of infection. Similarly, in response to the global concern of the threat posed by new viruses, a new chapter on Emerging Infections is included. There is also new material on Hospital Acquired Infections, including some advice relating to SARS, that will be of benefit to those dealing with the day-to-day management of patients in hospital. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Forum on Microbial Threats, 2012-09-10 Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a One Health approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The Epidemics of the Middle Ages Justus Friedrich Carl Hecker, 1835 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Vaccine Nation Elena Conis, 2015 While vaccination rates have soared and cases of preventable infections have plummeted, an increasingly vocal cross section of Americans have questioned the safety and necessity of vaccines. In Vaccine Nation, Elena Conis explores this complicated history and its consequences for personal and public health. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), 2019 A NEW AND ESSENTIAL RESOURCE FOR THE PRACTICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual is a definitive guide to investigating acute public health events on the ground and in real time. Assembled and written by experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as well as other leading public health agencies, it offers current and field-tested guidance for every stage of an outbreak investigation -- from identification to intervention and other core considerations along the way. Modeled after Michael Gregg's seminal book Field Epidemiology, this CDC manual ushers investigators through the core elements of field work, including many of the challenges inherent to outbreaks: working with multiple state and federal agencies or multinational organizations; legal considerations; and effective utilization of an incident-management approach. Additional coverage includes: � Updated guidance for new tools in field investigations, including the latest technologies for data collection and incorporating data from geographic information systems (GIS) � Tips for investigations in unique settings, including healthcare and community-congregate sites � Advice for responding to different types of outbreaks, including acute enteric disease; suspected biologic or toxic agents; and outbreaks of violence, suicide, and other forms of injury For the ever-changing public health landscape, The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual offers a new, authoritative resource for effective outbreak response to acute and emerging threats. *** Oxford University Press will donate a portion of the proceeds from this book to the CDC Foundation, an independent nonprofit and the sole entity created by Congress to mobilize philanthropic and private-sector resources to support the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's critical health protection work. To learn more about the CDC Foundation, visit www.cdcfoundation.org. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Mathematical Epidemiology Fred Brauer, Pauline van den Driessche, J. Wu, 2008-04-30 Based on lecture notes of two summer schools with a mixed audience from mathematical sciences, epidemiology and public health, this volume offers a comprehensive introduction to basic ideas and techniques in modeling infectious diseases, for the comparison of strategies to plan for an anticipated epidemic or pandemic, and to deal with a disease outbreak in real time. It covers detailed case studies for diseases including pandemic influenza, West Nile virus, and childhood diseases. Models for other diseases including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, fox rabies, and sexually transmitted infections are included as applications. Its chapters are coherent and complementary independent units. In order to accustom students to look at the current literature and to experience different perspectives, no attempt has been made to achieve united writing style or unified notation. Notes on some mathematical background (calculus, matrix algebra, differential equations, and probability) have been prepared and may be downloaded at the web site of the Centre for Disease Modeling (www.cdm.yorku.ca). |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Case Studies in Public Health Theodore H. Tulchinsky, 2018-03-12 Case Studies in Public Health contains selected case studies of some of the most important and influential moments in medicine and epidemiology. The cases chosen for this collection represent a wide array of public health issues that go into the makeup of what can be termed the New Public Health (NPH), which includes traditional public health, such as sanitation, hygiene and infectious disease control, but widens its perspective to include the organization, financing and quality of health care services in a much broader sense. Each case study is presented in a systematic fashion to facilitate learning, with the case, background, current relevance, economic issues, ethical issues, conclusions, recommendation and references discussed for each case. The book is a valuable resource for advanced students and researchers with specialized knowledge who need further information on the general background and history of public health and important scientific discoveries within the field. It is an ideal resource for students in public health, epidemiology, medicine, anthropology, and sociology, and for those interested in how to apply lessons from the past to present and future research. - Explores the history of public health through important scientific events and flashpoints - Presents case studies in a clear, direct style that is easy to follow - Uses a systematic approach to help learn lessons from the past and apply them to the present |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Vaccination Against Smallpox Edward Jenner, 2010-03-19 The once-dreaded scourge of smallpox has been eradicated through barrier immunization. The eminent scientist Edward Jenner (1749-1823) was a pioneer in demonstrating that vaccination was an effective means of preventing smallpox. In the three groundbreaking treatises contained in this volume, originally published between 1798 and 1800, Jenner summarizes his evidence in favor of vaccination and describes individual cases. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Polio Thomas Abraham, 2018-09-01 In 1988, the World Health Organization launched a twelve-year campaign to wipe out polio. Thirty years and several billion dollars over budget later, the campaign grinds on, vaccinating millions of children and hoping that each new year might see an end to the disease. But success remains elusive, against a surprisingly resilient virus, an unexpectedly weak vaccine and the vagaries of global politics, meeting with indifference from governments and populations alike. How did an innocuous campaign to rid the world of a crippling disease become a hostage of geopolitics? Why do parents refuse to vaccinate their children against polio? And why have poorly paid door-to-door healthworkers been assassinated? Thomas Abraham reports on the ground in search of answers. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The Management of Smallpox Eradication in India Lawrence B. Brilliant, 1985 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Maternal Immunization Elke Leuridan, Marta Nunes, Chrissie Jones, 2019-11-26 Immunization during pregnancy with currently recommended vaccines prevents infection in the mother, the unborn fetus, and the young infant, and there is an increasing focus from different stakeholders to use this approach for other infections of importance to protect these vulnerable groups. The aim of this Maternal Immunization book is to provide a contemporary overview of vaccines used in pregnancy (and the lactation period), with emphasis on aspects of importance for the target groups, namely, rationale for the use of vaccines in pregnancy, safety, immunogenicity (immunology), timing to vaccinate, repeat doses, protective effects in the mother, fetus, and infant, and public acceptance and implementation, of existing and of future vaccines. - Provides an overview of a quickly evolving topic. This will benefit the reader who wishes to rapidly become informed and up-to-date with new developments in this field - Suitable to a broad audience: scientific researchers, obstetricians, gynecologists, neonatologists, vaccinators, pediatricians, students, and industry. Maternal vaccination impacts a wide range of specialists - Allows health care professionals/researchers to gain insight into other aspects of vaccination in pregnancy outside of their specialism - Is coauthored by specialists from multiple disciplines, providing a diverse view of the subject, increasing its interest and appeal - Creates awareness of the current developments in this area of medicine and of the potential of maternal vaccination to improve the health of mothers and infants worldwide |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Princes and Peasants Donald R. Hopkins, 1983-01-01 Traces the history of the disease of smallpox from its possible origins in prehistoric times to its eradication in 1977 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: A History of the Variolous Epidemic which Occurred in Norwich, in the Year 1819, and Destroyed 530 Individuals John Cross, 1820 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Understanding Viruses Teri Shors, 2017 Understanding Viruses continues to set the standard for the fundamentals of virology. This classic textbook combines molecular, clinical, and historical aspects of human viral diseases in a new stunning interior design featuring high quality art that will engage readers. Preparing students for their careers, the Third Edition greatly expands on molecular virology and virus families. This practical text also includes the latest information on influenza, global epidemiology statistics, and the recent outbreaks of Zika and Ebola viruses to keep students on the forefront of cutting-edge virology information. Numerous case studies and feature boxes illuminate fascinating research and historical cases stimulate student interest, making the best-selling Understanding Viruses the clear choice in virology. Each new print copy includes Navigate 2 Advantage Access that unlocks a comprehensive and interactive eBook, student practice activities and assessments, a full suite of instructor resources (available to adopting instructors with course ID), and learning analytics reporting tools (available to adopting instructors with course ID). |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Vaccinated Paul A. Offit, M.D., 2022-02-01 Vaccines save millions of lives every year, and one man, Maurice Hilleman, was responsible for nine of the big fourteen. Paul Offit recounts his story and the story of vaccines Maurice Hilleman discovered nine vaccines that practically every child gets, rendering formerly dread diseases—including often devastating ones such as mumps and rubella—practically forgotten. Paul A. Offit, a vaccine researcher himself, befriended Hilleman and, during the great man’s last months, interviewed him extensively about his life and career. Offit makes an eloquent and compelling case for Hilleman’s importance, arguing that, like Jonas Salk, his name should be known to everyone. But Vaccinated is also enriched and enlivened by a look at vaccines in the context of modern medical science and history, ranging across the globe and throughout time to take in a fascinating cast of hundreds, providing a vital contribution to the continuing debate over the value of vaccines. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia C. Peter N. Watson, 1993 This work brings together knowledge about the pain of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. The volume aims to expand knowledge not only of this specialized syndrome, but of every kind of chronic pain. It deals with all the basic scientific information on the acute and chronic stages of herpes zoster, as well as knowledge of all the possible treatments for this terrible affliction. A variety of treatment modalities are described, and more people are now obtaining relief than was thought possible a decade ago. research, leading to a more thorough understanding of the problems and to pain relief for those who continue to suffer. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The Plague Cycle Charles Kenny, 2021-01-19 A vivid, sweeping, and “fact-filled” (Booklist, starred review) history of mankind’s battles with infectious disease that “contextualizes the COVID-19 pandemic” (Publishers Weekly)—for readers of the #1 New York Times bestsellers Yuval Harari’s Sapiens and John Barry’s The Great Influenza. For four thousand years, the size and vitality of cities, economies, and empires were heavily determined by infection. Striking humanity in waves, the cycle of plagues set the tempo of civilizational growth and decline, since common response to the threat was exclusion—quarantining the sick or keeping them out. But the unprecedented hygiene and medical revolutions of the past two centuries have allowed humanity to free itself from the hold of epidemic cycles—resulting in an urbanized, globalized, and unimaginably wealthy world. However, our development has lately become precarious. Climate and population fluctuations and factors such as global trade have left us more vulnerable than ever to newly emerging plagues. Greater global cooperation toward sustainable health is urgently required—such as the international efforts to manufacture and distribute a COVID-19 vaccine—with millions of lives and trillions of dollars at stake. “A timely, lucid look at the role of pandemics in history” (Kirkus Reviews), The Plague Cycle reveals the relationship between civilization, globalization, prosperity, and infectious disease over the past five millennia. It harnesses history, economics, and public health, and charts humanity’s remarkable progress, providing a fascinating and astute look at the cyclical nature of infectious disease. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: An Inquiry Into the Causes and Effects of the Variolæ Vaccinæ, a Disease Discovered in Some of the Western Counties of England, ... and Known by the Name of the Cow Pox. By Edward Jenner, M.D.F.R.S.&c Edward Jenner, 2018-04-20 The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars. Medical theory and practice of the 1700s developed rapidly, as is evidenced by the extensive collection, which includes descriptions of diseases, their conditions, and treatments. Books on science and technology, agriculture, military technology, natural philosophy, even cookbooks, are all contained here. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ British Library T054053 With a half-title and a final leaf of errata. London: printed, for the author, by Sampson Low: and sold by Law; and Murray and Highley, 1798. [2], iv,75, [3]p., plates; 4° |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Highly Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Jorge Hidalgo, Laila Woc-Colburn, 2020-01-02 This book provides a comprehensive overview of highly infectious diseases (HIDs) in the ICU. The text is designed to help critical care specialists and other healthcare practitioners prepare and plan for potential outbreaks of emerging or resurgent HIDs, lead a team in the ICU, perform emergency triage, and provide care for patients with a HID. The book also reviews some of the most prevalent highly infectious diseases, including influenza, SARS, plague, anthrax, and malaria. Written by experts in the field, Highly Infectious Diseases in Critical Care: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide is a valuable resource for critical care and infectious disease specialists who treat patients afflicted with a highly infectious disease in the ICU. |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Virology E-Book Stephen N J Korsman, Gert Van Zyl, Wolfgang Preiser, Louise Nutt, Monique I Andersson, 2012-08-17 This is a concise, highly accessible introduction to medical virology, incorporating essential basic principles as well as a systematic review of viruses and viral diseases. It pays particular attention to developments in anti-viral therapy that are becoming increasingly effective in modern medicine. It is an ideal textbook for the information-overloaded student and an invaluable everyday companion for the busy professional who needs a good understanding of the current state of medical virology. In keeping with the highly successful format of other Illustrated Colour Texts, it presents the subject as a series of succinct 2 page 'learning units', using a superb collection of clear illustrations and clinical photographs, concise yet comprehensive text and key point boxes to aid quick access to information and examination preparation. So whether you are a medical student, junior doctor, medical scientist, trainee in infectious diseases or student on another allied medical course, this book is here to make your life easier! It will also provide a very solid foundation for any who plan to delve deeper into this fascinating field. - Part of the popular Illustrated Colour Text series - Information presented in double page spreads for easy learning - Highly illustrated with both full colour graphics and clinical photographs - Each spread includes a key point box for exam preparation |
| chicken pox epidemic history: Four Centuries of Medical History in Canada John Joseph Heagerty, 1928 |
| chicken pox epidemic history: The Smallpox Vaccination Program Institute of Medicine, COMMITTEE ON SMALLPOX VACCINATION PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION., Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 2005-09-06 December 13, 2002, the president of the United States announced that smallpox vaccination would be offered to some categories of civilians and administered to members of the military and government representatives in high-risk areas of the world. The events that precipitated that historic announcement included a series of terrorist attacks during the 1990s, which culminated in the catastrophic events of 2001. Although preparedness for deliberate attacks with biologic weapons was already the subject of much public health planning, meetings, and publications as the twentieth century neared its end, the events of 2001 led to a steep rise in bioterrorism-related government policies and funding, and in state and local preparedness activities, for example, in public health, health care, and the emergency response and public safety communities. The national smallpox vaccination program is but one of many efforts to improve readiness to respond to deliberate releases of biologic agents. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee on Smallpox Vaccination Program Implementation was convened in October 2002 at the request of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the federal agency charged with implementing the government's policy of providing smallpox vaccine first to public health and health care workers on response teams, then to all interested health care workers and other first responders, and finally to members of the general public who might insist on receiving the vaccine. The committee was charged with providing advice to the CDC and the program investigators on selected aspects of the smallpox program implementation and evaluation. The committee met six times over 19 months and wrote a series of brief letter reports. The Smallpox Vaccination Program: Public Health in an Age of Terrorism constitutes the committee's seventh and final report, and the committee hopes that it will fulfill three purposes: 1) To serve as an archival document that brings together the six reports addressed to Julie Gerberding, director of CDC, and previously released on line and as short, unbound papers; 2) To serve as a historical document that summarizes milestones in the smallpox vaccination program, and; 3) To comment on the achievement of overall goals of the smallpox vaccination program (in accordance with the last item in the charge), including lessons learned from the program. |
Raising Chickens 101 - Chicks, Breeds, Coops, Tips
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an even worse disease-smallpox. The epidemic was started by a guest from San Francisco who stayed at Mitchell’s Hotel which was frequented by miners. He traveled throughout the county, …
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Smallpox in Nineteenth-Century India - JSTOR
pox-type, and, of course, whether people have been vaccinated, revacci-nated, or inoculated.10 Inoculation (mentioned in relation to Bengal below) was the practice of injecting dried smallpox …
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- I - DMIHER
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CASE DEFINITIONS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MALAYSIA
I FOREWORD Both in Malaysia and globally, infectious diseases remain a public health priority. There are many diverse problems posed to health care systems from infectious diseases, …
The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas
include smallpox, measles, whooping cough, chicken pox, bubonic plague, typhus, and malaria (Denevan, 1976, p. 5). Because Native populations had no previous contact with Old World …
Undistinguished Destruction The Effects of Smallpox on …
American history have become more visible in colonial and early republican historiography, the trend towards viewing black participation in America’s ... pox epidemic that spread throughout …
History of Quarantine - CDC Stacks
Jan 10, 2012 · History of Quarantine The Middle Ages The practice of quarantine, as we know it, began during the 14th century in an effort to protect coastal cities from plague ... epidemic of …
CDC Chickenpox (v2) Definition Factsheet & Technical Brief
Aug 17, 2022 · 1. One of the following chief complaints: “chickenpox”, “chicken pox”, “varicella” OR 2. A discharge diagnosis code for exposure to varicella AND (discharge diagnosis code or …
Chicken pox demographics in pediatrics patients and their …
taken. Chicken pox was diagnosed clinically by the study physician. Patients ≤ 13 years of age were enrolled and followed up till three weeks, either in OPD or on phone. Chicken pox was …
Smallpox and the Native American - amjmedsci.org
pox and measles, devastated entire native populations. In this article, we focus on the effect of smallpox on the Native Americans from the 15th through the 19th centu-ries. Among the “new” …
Diseases and Epidemics of olonial New England — Handout
• Examples: Pox, Pocs, Pocks, Poxe; uryed; Dyed • Silent letters may be omitted from words, such as the silent E in “ridgwater.” • The colonial lower case s looked like an f. ecause optical …
The Puerto Rican Deaf Community - SIL International
a chicken pox epidemic and plagues brought by Spaniards and Africans contributed to an increase in the deaf population. Current estimates of the Puerto Rican deaf and hard-of …
The Columbian Exchange - JSTOR
A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas ... chicken pox, bubonic plague, typhus, and malaria (Denevan, 1976, p. 5). Because native popula tions had no previous contact with Old World …
Ohio Revised Code Section 3313.671 Proof of required
May 6, 2005 · (C) As used in this division, "chicken pox epidemic" means the occurrence of cases of chicken pox in numbers greater than expected in the school's population or for a particular …
The High Plains Smallpox Epidemic of 1837-38 - JSTOR
The High Plains Smallpox Epidemic of 1837-38 CLYDE D. DOLLAR n Friday, July 14, 1837, a young Mandan Indian died of small-pox at Fort Clark, a major fur trading post along the Upper …
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of an Outbreak of …
on the skin. Chicken pox is experienced by almost every child or young adult. The lifetime risk of acquiring varicella is over 95%. [1,2] The present study deals with an outbreak of chicken pox …
CASE DEFINITIONS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MALAYSIA
pertussis 36 plague 38 acute poliomyelitis 40 rabies 42 relapsing fever 44 salmonellosis 46 syphilis 48 tetanus 51 tuberculosis 53 typhoid/ paratyphoid 56
monkeypox guideline (EN) - هيئة الصحة بدبي
What is Monkeypox? It is a rare zoonotic disease that is caused by infection with the monkeypox virus. It occurs primarily in tropical rainforest areas of Africa
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome
• Rash, vesicles, past history of chicken pox • Residence of child: rural/urban, endemic for cerebral malaria, any epidemic of AES in neighborhood • Animal contact, insect bite, dog bite • …
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E s p a ñ o l | O t h er L a n g u a g es Mpox Mpox 2022-2023 Mpox Outbreak Global Map Data as of 08 Nov 2023 5:30 PM EDT V i ew : C A S E S D E A T H S Starting in September 2023, the …
Prevention of monkeypox with vaccines: a rapid review - The …
The largest outbreak of monkeypox in history began in May, 2022, and has rapidly spread across the globe ever since. The purpose of this Review is to briefly describe human immune …
Get a sample - Book Units Teacher
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The Columbian Exchange - OER Project
the effects of small pox on indigenous populations. By Bernardino de Sahagún, Public domain. 2 Population estimates for the Americas before the arrival of Europeans vary a great deal. This is …
Varicella Guidelines cover - NHS Health at Work
The purpose of this guideline is to offer evidence-based advice on the management of chicken-pox and shingles in the workplace. The document is intended to be of use to employers, …
The Columbian Exchange - JSTOR
A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas ... chicken pox, bubonic plague, typhus, and malaria (Denevan, 1976, p. 5). Because native popula tions had no previous contact with Old World …
Viral Gastroenteritis - Springer
The history of medicine, and medical virology in particular, is replete with impressive examples of the relatively rapid discovery of specific viruses as etiologic agents of frequently occurring …
Smallpox in Louisville, Ky. Danger of Epidemic Outbreak on …
epidemics of Cuban itch and chicken pox, which have prevailed so widely for several years, are about to complete their cycle by culmni-nating in an oultbreak of sevTere smallpox. Snmallpox …
THE OUTBREAK OF MPOX DISEASES IN SOUTH AFRICA AND …
Jun 12, 2024 · A global outbreak of Mpox disease, formerly known as Monkey pox, has been ongoing since 2022. Mpox is a notifiable medical condition which the ... without travel history to …
HEALTH DEPARTMENT: Disease Prevention and Control …
HEALTH DEPARTMENT. Public Health Laboratory Communicable Disease Histories. p. 6 hlth001.inv Location 101.G.18.9B Epidemic meningitis, 1950-1952.
Investigating the smallpox blanket controversy - Medical Xpress
epidemic, Credit: Ankopaaingyadete, and The Kiowa Set-t’an, Public domain, ... viruses in human history. Smallpox-like rashes on Egyptian mummies ... Handkerchief out of the Small pox (sic ...
PAPERS AND SHORT REPORTS - JSTOR
The epidemic in 1967 (consultation rate 840) was succeeded by three years of steeply falling incidence to a low rate of 243 ... Altogether, 109 (29%) deaths were attributed to complications …
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Weekly Disease Report For The The Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) has revolutionized communicable disease reporting in Michigan; and subsequently, has …
[Jmumy 1942 1 BAITI - PAHO
An influenza epidemic, with pulmonary complications, occurred in 1852. Three years ago Port-au-Prince had ita second epidemia of diphtheria since 1892, and in 1935 anthrax made ita first …
History 4/2 125
Invisible Invaders: Smallpoxandother Diseasesin Aboriginal Australia,1780-1880.ByJudyCampbell(MelbourneUniversityPress, Melbourne,2002)vi+266pp. …
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Epidemic of infectious diseases have been acknowledged throughout the history. The classical literatures of ancient Greece and Egypt revealed the prevalence of some diseases such ...
Questions and Answers - Immunization Action Coalition (IAC)
reported in 2012. Cases began to increase in 2014, peaking with more than 6,000 cases reported in both 2016 and 2017. Many of the large outbreaks
Chickenpox Outbreak in a Highly Vaccinated School Population
prior history of chickenpox; these students were aged 5 to 12 years (median: 7 years), and 116 (53%) were male. Of these 218 students, 211 (97%) had been vaccinated before the outbreak. …
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The relationship between wild avian populations and epidemic outbreaks of influenza has implications for the history of influenza pandemics and its introduction into the Americas. The …
Derivation of Rates from Summation Data by the Catalytic …
of the epidemic type. The difference between the rate at which ten-year-olds are exposed to, say, chicken-pox during an epidemic year and the rate during an "off " year is probably at least …
The effect of nutritional status on historical infectious disease ...
Economic History Department, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK and CEPR ... chicken pox and whooping cough) and on sickness duration from these diseases. I identify a …
NATIONAL MONKEYPOX
in Copenhagen (Denmark) during an investigation into a pox-like disease among colonies of monkeys kept for research. The virus, being given its name from the species it was initially …
Glyphosate, Vaccines and COVID-19 - Massachusetts Institute …
•A large Japanese study found that a history of measles ... •Adults who had contracted chicken pox were 33% less likely to develop coronary heart disease •Each additional contagious …
Reye’s Syndrome: . Review and Update - Journal of Pediatric …
An epidemic of influenza or varicella is often followed by an increased number of cases of the disease. w ASPIRIN AND REYE’S SYNDROME Suspicion regarding a link between RS and …
American Indian Population Recovery Following Smallpox …
one epidemic to another. Similarly, Wood argued: "By applying a smallpox death rate of 50 percent to the postepidemic estimate of 16,000 Cherokees in 1700, we can project backward to …
Department of Health
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