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| binding vs non binding economics: Surveys in Experimental Economics Friedel Bolle, Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt, 2012-12-06 Experimental Economics has experienced a steadily growing interest by economists during the last decade. This may not surprise since laboratory and field experiments obviously provide a further valuable source of empirical evidence of economic behavior besides statistics, econometrics, polls, interviews and simulations. In an overview of the recent developments in Experimental Economics, the present book concentrates on three central themes standing in the actual research focus: bargaining, cooperation and election markets. For each one of these topics the volume presents several state-of-the-art survey articles by experts in the field, accompanied by detailed comments. While the experimental approach sheds new light on the microeconomic standard topics of bargaining and cooperation, the election market approach as a new field may provide better forecasts for political elections - and for soccer World Championships. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Economics of Input-Output Analysis Thijs ten Raa, 2006-01-19 Input-output analysis is the main tool of applied equilibrium analysis. This textbook provides a systematic survey of the most recent developments in input-output analysis and their applications, helping us to examine questions such as: which industries are competitive? What are the multiplier effects of an investment program? How do environmental restrictions impact on prices? Linear programming and national accounting are introduced and used to resolve issues such as the choice of technique, the comparative advantage of a national economy, its efficiency and dynamic performance. Technological and environmental spillovers are analysed, both at the national level (between industries) and the international level (the measurement of globalisation effects). The book is self-contained, but assumes some familiarity with calculus, matrix algebra, and the microeconomic principle of optimizing behaviour. Exercises and review questions are included at the end of each chapter, and solutions at the end of the book. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Research Handbook on the Economics of Corporate Law Claire A. Hill, James L. Krusemark, Brett H. McDonnell, Solly Robbins, 2012-04-01 Comprising essays specially commissioned for the volume, leading scholars who have shaped the field of corporate law and governance explore and critique developments in this vibrant and expanding area and offer possible directions for future research. This important addition to the Research Handbooks in Law and Economics series provides insights into subjects such as the role of directors, shareholders, creditors and employees; empirical studies of litigation and shareholder activism; executive compensation; corporate gatekeepers; comparative law; and behavioral approaches to law and finance. Topics are organized within five sections: corporate constituencies, insider governance, gatekeepers, jurisdiction, and new theory. Taken as a whole, the volume serves as an introduction for those new to the field and as a reference for those unfamiliar with some of the topics discussed. Authoritative and accessible, the Research Handbook on the Economics of Corporate Law will be a valuable resource for students, scholars, and practitioners of corporate law and economics. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Economics [4 volumes] David A. Dieterle, 2017-03-27 A comprehensive four-volume resource that explains more than 800 topics within the foundations of economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, and global economics, all presented in an easy-to-read format. As the global economy becomes increasingly complex, interconnected, and therefore relevant to each individual, in every country, it becomes more important to be economically literate—to gain an understanding of how things work beyond the microcosm of the economic needs of a single individual or family unit. This expansive reference set serves to establish basic economic literacy of students and researchers, providing more than 800 objective and factually driven entries on all the major themes and topics in economics. Written by leading scholars and practitioners, the set provides readers with a framework for understanding economics as mentioned and debated in the public forum and media. Each of the volumes includes coverage of important events throughout economic history, biographies of the major economists who have shaped the world of economics, and highlights of the legislative acts that have shaped the U.S. economy throughout history. The extensive explanations of major economic concepts combined with selected key historical primary source documents and a glossary will endow readers with a fuller comprehension of our economic world. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Commitment and Compliance Dinah Shelton, 2003 The studies in this book concern the nature of international law, how it is and is not constituted, and whether commitments that are legally binding can change the behaviour of states as well as or better than non-binding legal norms do. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Essays on the Economics of Migratory Fish Stocks Ragnar Arnason, Trond Bjorndal, 2012-12-06 Following the publication of seminal papers by professors H. S. Gordon in 1954 and A. D. Scott in 1955, active research has led to rapid progress in our understanding of the economics of fisheries. Fishing, however, is a complicated activity involving intricate interactions between man-made fishing capital and naturally produced fish stocks in an inherently dynamic and stochastic setting. Consequently, in spite of significant advances, important sections of fisheries economics remain largely unexplored. One such area is the economics of migratory fish stocks. In 1985, the editors of this volume embarked on a research project concerned with the optimal utilization of common Nordic fish stocks. A fundamental feature of some of the most important of these fish stocks, such as the Atlanto-Scandian herring and the Icelandic capelin, is their migratory behaviour. Not only do the migrations continuously alter the economic conditions for harvesting these species. They also result in the periodical transfer of stock concentrations from one exclusive fisheries jurisdictions to another. It was readily apparent that this behaviour constituted a crucial determinant of the appropriate harvesting pattern of these stocks. More importantly, however, migrations are by no means a unique feature of Nordic fish stocks. In fact, it appears that migratory behaviour is exhibited, albeit in varying degrees, by all species of fish. It therefore stands to reason that migrations constitute an important aspect of the economics of fisheries in general. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Water Law, Policy and Economics in Italy Paolo Turrini, Antonio Massarutto, Marco Pertile, Alessandro de Carli, 2021-05-12 This book provides the first comprehensive overview of the most important water-related issues that centre on Italy, analysed from several disciplinary perspectives – such as hydrology, economics, law, sociology, environmental sciences and policy studies – in order to promote full understanding of the challenges the country is facing and the ways it could best tackle them. Despite the misconception that Italy is a water-scarce country, is in fact quite rich in water resources. Such resources, however, are unevenly distributed over the Italian territory. Italy’s northern regions rely on quite an abundant quantity of freshwater, whereas in the southern area water endowment is limited. Moreover, climatic differences between North and South contribute to widen the divide. This disparity has notable consequences of socio-economic character, some of which, in turn, feed back into the environmental conditions of Italian regions: pollution, floods, landslides and droughts are among the problems affecting the country. There are numerous features of water use and consumption that distinguish Italy from other comparable countries, such as the significant role played by agriculture (a water-intensive activity), a lead position in the consumption of bottled water, lower-than-average prices of water and a far-from-optimal efficiency of waterworks. All such aspects, and many others, make Italy an essential case study. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Handbook of the Economics of Corporate Governance Benjamin Hermalin, Michael Weisbach, 2017-09-18 The Handbook of the Economics of Corporate Governance, Volume One, covers all issues important to economists. It is organized around fundamental principles, whereas multidisciplinary books on corporate governance often concentrate on specific topics. Specific topics include Relevant Theory and Methods, Organizational Economic Models as They Pertain to Governance, Managerial Career Concerns, Assessment & Monitoring, and Signal Jamming, The Institutions and Practice of Governance, The Law and Economics of Governance, Takeovers, Buyouts, and the Market for Control, Executive Compensation, Dominant Shareholders, and more. Providing excellent overviews and summaries of extant research, this book presents advanced students in graduate programs with details and perspectives that other books overlook. - Concentrates on underlying principles that change little, even as the empirical literature moves on - Helps readers see corporate governance systems as interrelated or even intertwined external (country-level) and internal (firm-level) forces - Reviews the methodological tools of the field (theory and empirical), the most relevant models, and the field's substantive findings, all of which help point the way forward |
| binding vs non binding economics: Handbook of Experimental Economics Results Charles R. Plott, Vernon L. Smith, 2008-08-21 Experimental methods in economics respond to circumstances that are not completely dictated by accepted theory or outstanding problems. While the field of economics makes sharp distinctions and produces precise theory, the work of experimental economics sometimes appear blurred and may produce results that vary from strong support to little or partial support of the relevant theory. At a recent conference, a question was asked about where experimental methods might be more useful than field methods. Although many cannot be answered by experimental methods, there are questions that can only be answered by experiments. Much of the progress of experimental methods involves the posing of old or new questions in a way that experimental methods can be applied. The title of the book reflects the spirit of adventure that experimentalists share and focuses on experiments in general rather than forcing an organization into traditional categories that do not fit. The emphasis reflects the fact that the results do not necessarily demonstrate a consistent theme, but instead reflect bits and pieces of progress as opportunities to pose questions become recognized. This book is a result of an invitation sent from the editors to a broad range of experimenters asking them to write brief notes describing specific experimental results. The challenge was to produce pictures and tables that were self-contained so the reader could understand quickly the essential nature of the experiments and the results. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Institutional Economics of Market-Based Climate Policy E. Woerdman, 2004-08-10 The objective of this book is to analyze the institutional barriers to implementing market-based climate policy, as well as to provide some opportunities to overcome them. The approach is that of institutional economics, with special emphasis on political transaction costs and path dependence. Instead of rejecting the neoclassical approach, this book uses it where fruitful and shows when and why it is necessary to employ a new or neo-institutionalist approach. The result is that equity is considered next to efficiency, that the evolution and possible lock-in of both formal and informal climate institutions are studied, and that attention is paid to the politics and law of economic instruments for climate policy, including some new empirical analyses. The research topics of this book include the set-up costs of a permit trading system, the risk that credit trading becomes locked-in, the potential legal problem of grandfathering in terms of actional subsidies under WTO law or state aid under EC law, and the changing attitudes of various European officials towards restricting the use of the Kyoto Mechanisms. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Optimal Control Theory and Static Optimization in Economics Daniel Léonard, Ngo van Long, 1992-01-31 Optimal control theory is a technique being used increasingly by academic economists to study problems involving optimal decisions in a multi-period framework. This textbook is designed to make the difficult subject of optimal control theory easily accessible to economists while at the same time maintaining rigour. Economic intuitions are emphasized, and examples and problem sets covering a wide range of applications in economics are provided to assist in the learning process. Theorems are clearly stated and their proofs are carefully explained. The development of the text is gradual and fully integrated, beginning with simple formulations and progressing to advanced topics such as control parameters, jumps in state variables, and bounded state space. For greater economy and elegance, optimal control theory is introduced directly, without recourse to the calculus of variations. The connection with the latter and with dynamic programming is explained in a separate chapter. A second purpose of the book is to draw the parallel between optimal control theory and static optimization. Chapter 1 provides an extensive treatment of constrained and unconstrained maximization, with emphasis on economic insight and applications. Starting from basic concepts, it derives and explains important results, including the envelope theorem and the method of comparative statics. This chapter may be used for a course in static optimization. The book is largely self-contained. No previous knowledge of differential equations is required. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Ecological Economics Michael Common, Sigrid Stagl, 2005-10-06 Taking as its starting point the interdependence of the economy and the natural environment, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the emerging field of ecological economics. The authors, who have written extensively on the economics of sustainability, build on insights from both mainstream economics and ecological sciences. Part I explores the interdependence of the modern economy and its environment, while Part II focuses mainly on the economy and on economics. Part III looks at how national governments set policy targets and the instruments used to pursue those targets. Part IV examines international trade and institutions, and two major global threats to sustainability - climate change and biodiversity loss. Assuming no prior knowledge of economics, this textbook is well suited for use on interdisciplinary environmental science and management courses. It has extensive student-friendly features including discussion questions and exercises, keyword highlighting, real-world illustrations, further reading and website addresses. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Mathematical Economics of Multi-Level Optimisation Sardar M.N. Islam, 2012-12-06 Since there exists a multi-level policy making system in the market economies, choices of decision makers at different levels should be considered explicitly in the formulation of sectoral plans and policies. To support the hypothesis, a theoretical energy planning approach is developed within the framework of the theory of economic policy planning, policy systems analysis and multi-level programming. The Parametric Programming Search Algorithm has been developed. On the basis of this theoretical model, an Australian Energy Policy System Optimisation Model (AEPSOM) has been developed and is used to formulate an Australian multi-level energy plan. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics Francesco Parisi, 2017-04-04 Covering over one-hundred topics on issues ranging from Law and Neuroeconomics to European Union Law and Economics to Feminist Theory and Law and Economics, The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics is the definitive work in the field of law and economics. The book gathers together scholars and experts in law and economics to create the most inclusive and current work on law and economics. Edited by Francisco Parisi, the Handbook looks at the origins of the field of law and economics, tracks its progression and increased importance to both law and economics, and looks to the future of the field and its continued development by examining a cornucopia of fields touched by work in law and economics. The uniqueness of its breadth, depth, and convenience make the volume essential to scholars, students, and contributors in the field of law and economics. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Principles of Environmental Economics and Sustainability Ahmed Hussen, 2018-07-17 Principles of Environmental Economics and Sustainability was the first textbook to make a serious attempt to systematically integrate ecological and economic principles. It successfully introduced ecological perspectives to the study of environmental economics while maintaining the integrity of the standard economic approach. In this new edition this notion continues to be embraced while also offering readers several further features, including greater in-depth coverage of the economics of climate change, expanded reference sections, and an updated and expanded review and discussion questions section. The unique integration of both mainstream and ecological approaches which this textbook provides proves particularly illuminating in relation to the following topics: economics of climate change environmental valuation cost–benefit analysis and the environment sustainability in theory and practice limits to growth the role of technology the business case for environmental sustainability. Written in a clear and accessible way, this key textbook is an excellent resource for all students of environmental economics. With study tools including learning objectives, case studies, and charts and graphs, this volume uses real-world examples to engage both students and academics within the field. This text also accompanied by a Companion Website including resources for both students and instructors. Here you will find student study questions, interactive quizzes, and an instructor manual composed of lecture PowerPoint templates. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Law, Economics and Politics of International Standardisation Panagiotis Delimatsis, 2015-12-11 This book examines the foundations of international standard-setting from a multidisciplinary perspective. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Issues in Specialized Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition , 2012-01-09 Issues in Specialized Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Specialized Economic Research and Application. The editors have built Issues in Specialized Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Specialized Economic Research and Application in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Specialized Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in International Law Manisuli Ssenyonjo, 2009-07-03 The effective promotion, protection and fulfilment of economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights is an important but under-explored component of international human rights law, of which ESC rights form an essential part. They are fundamental to the dignity of every person. At the international level ESC rights are protected in several international instruments, the most comprehensive being the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the Covenant) ratified by a majority of States. However, claims of violations of ESC rights are treated less seriously. This book subjects ESC rights protected in the Covenant to a deeper analysis in light of the practice of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights while taking into account other relevant sources of ESC rights at national, regional and international levels. It also analyses key issues relevant to ESC rights, with particular emphasis on various themes including State obligations; non-State actor's obligations; women's ESC rights; domestic protection of ESC rights; and State reservations to ESC rights. The book further makes a thorough examination of the rights to work, health, and education. By so doing, it demonstrates that ESC rights are justiciable and must not be marginalised. The book also brings together a collection of essential materials on ESC rights needed to understand and analyse the subject. Written by an international human rights scholar, this timely work will be of value to all those interested in human rights and international law. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Insurance and Risk Management for Disruptions in Social, Economic and Environmental Systems Simon Grima, Ercan Özen, Rebecca E. Dalli Gonzi, 2022-01-24 Insurance and Risk Management for Disruptions in Social, Economic and Environmental Systems is a collection of 13 chapters and studies about Insurance and Risk management in response to disruptions caused by social, economic, and environmental challenges to try and stabilize the economy in an effort to ensure sustainability. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Economics of Renewable Energy Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Economic Affairs, 2008 economics of renewable Energy : Recent developments, 4th report of session 2007-08, Vol. 2: Evidence |
| binding vs non binding economics: Efficiency and Equity in Welfare Economics PierCarlo Nicola, 2012-10-16 Increasing efficiency in generating national income and improving equity in its distribution among economic agents is at the forefront of priorities of most modern economies. This book presents a model which aims to maximize a symmetrical welfare function under certain constraints which consider both efficiency and equity, i.e. taxes and subsidies, implemented by a public authority. The model is numerically implemented and considers a set of economic agents with starting incomes that satisfy Pareto income law under various values of the alpha parameter. Also, the model implementations respect the social production function. Various experiments are presented which show how income inequality (measured by means of the Lorenz curve and, what I call, the Lorenz-Gini inequality index) and measures of poverty are sensibly reduced by redistributing national income without lowering efficiency in production. A case study, or application, of Italian personal income in 2008 is also presented. |
| binding vs non binding economics: An Economic Analysis of Public Law George Dellis, 2021-03-26 This original and insightful book considers the ways in which public law, which emphasises legality (the Demos), and economics, a science oriented towards the markets (the Agora), intertwine. Throughout, George Dellis argues that the concepts of legality and efficiency should not be perceived separately. |
| binding vs non binding economics: European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2016 Marc Bungenberg, Christoph Herrmann, Markus Krajewski, Jörg Philipp Terhechte, 2016-07-16 Volume 7 of the EYIEL focusses on critical perspectives of international economic law. Recent protests against free trade agreements such as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) remind us that international economic law has always been a politically and legally contested field. This volume collects critical contributions on trade, investment, financial and other subfields of international economic law from scholars who have shaped this debate for many years. The critical contributions to this volume are challenged and sometimes rejected by commentators who have been invited to be “critical with the critics”. The result is a unique collection of critical essays accompanied by alternative and competing views on some of the most fundamental topics of international economic law. In its section on regional developments, EYIEL 7 addresses recent megaregional and plurilateral trade and investment agreements and negotiations. Short insights on various aspects of the Transpacific Partnership (TPP) and its sister TTIP are complemented with comments on other developments, including the African Tripartite FTA und the negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA). Further sections address recent WTO and investment case law as well as recent developments concerning the IMF, UNCTAD and the WCO. The volume closes with reviews of recent books in international economic law. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Reform of European Economic Governance: Towards a Sustainable Monetary Union? (Egmont Papers 47) , |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Politics and Economics of Brexit Annette Bongardt, Leila S. Talani, Francisco Torres, 2020-07-31 This interdisciplinary book examines Brexit from a political economy perspective, enriched by insights from scholars of political science, history and law. Shedding light on the key motivations for Brexit, this incisive book seeks to better understand what shapes the UK’s political and economic preferences and the fundamental causes and issues that have moulded its stance on the EU. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Nonlinear Dynamics in Economics, Finance and the Social Sciences Gian Italo Bischi, Carl Chiarella, Laura Gardini, 2009-12-15 Over the last two decades there has been a great deal of research into nonlinear dynamic models in economics, finance and the social sciences. This book contains twenty papers that range over very recent applications in these areas. Topics covered include structural change and economic growth, disequilibrium dynamics and economic policy as well as models with boundedly rational agents. The book illustrates some of the most recent research tools in this area and will be of interest to economists working in economic dynamics and to mathematicians interested in seeing ideas from nonlinear dynamics and complexity theory applied to the economic sciences. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Natural Resources and the Green Economy Elena Blanco, Jona Razzaque, 2012-09-28 Considering that natural resources or green capital are the drivers of globalisation, this book focuses on the link between investment, trade and natural resource management in the context of the growing economic inequalities between states. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Bioeconomics and Sustainability Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, Kozo Mayumi, John M. Gowdy, 1999-01-01 Economists from around the world discuss Georgescu-Roegen's (1906-94) theories in a number of areas, but especially on environmental and energy economics. They address such topics as how long neoclassical economists can continue to ignore his contribu |
| binding vs non binding economics: Challenging the Prevailing Paradigm of Displacement and Resettlement Michael M. Cernea, Julie K. Maldonado, 2018-05-25 Development-caused forced displacement and resettlement (DFDR) is a critical problem on the international development agenda. The frequency of forced displacements is rapidly increasing, the sheer numbers of uprooted and impoverished people reveal fast accelerating trends, whilst government reporting remains poor and misleading. Challenging the Prevailing Paradigm of Displacement and Resettlement analyzes widespread impoverishment outcomes, risks to human rights, and other adverse impacts of displacement; it documents under-compensation of expropriated people, critiques cost externalization on resettlers, and points a laser light on the absence of protective, robust, and binding legal frameworks in the overwhelming majority of developing countries. In response, this book proposes constructive solutions to improve quality and measure the outcomes of forced resettlement, prevent the mass-manufacturing of new poverty, promote social justice, and respect human rights. It also advocates for the reparation of bad legacies left behind by failed resettlement. It brings together prominent scholars and practitioners from several countries who argue that states, development agencies, and private sector corporations which trigger displacements must adopt a resettlement with development paradigm. Towards this end, the book’s co-authors translate cutting edge research into legal, economic, financial, policy, and pragmatic operational recommendations. An inspiring and compelling guide to the field, Challenging the Prevailing Paradigm of Displacement and Resettlement will be of interest to university faculty, government officials, private corporations, researchers, and students in anthropology, economics, sociology, law, political science, human geography, and international development. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Law and Economics in India Bimal N. Patel, Ranita Nagar, Hiteshkumar Thakkar, 2016-07-22 This is one of the first volumes that uses economic tools to analyse and evaluate law and policy in India. Applying economic theories such as incentive analysis, cost–benefit studies, and game theory, the essays in the volume negotiate contentious issues in law including property, contracts, torts, nuclear liability regime, bankruptcy law, criminal law and procedure, constitutional law, administrative law, environmental law, and family law. A radical take on commercial and socio-legal issues in India, this book will greatly interest scholars and researchers of law, political economy, and public policy. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Economics of International Environmental Agreements M. Özgür Kayalıca, Selim Çağatay, Hakan Mıhçı, 2017-02-17 International environmental agreements provide a basis for countries to address ecological problems on a global scale. However, countries are heterogeneous with respect to their economic structures and to the problems relating to the environment that they encounter. Therefore, economic externalities and global environmental conflicts are common and can cause problems in implementation and compliance with international agreements. Economics of International Environmental Agreements illuminates those issues and factors that might cause some countries or firms to take different positions on common problems. This book explores why international environmental agreements deal with some problems successfully but fail with others. The chapters address issues that are global in nature, such as: transboundary pollution, provision of global public goods, individual preferences of inequality- aversion, global cooperation, self-enforcing international environmental agreements, emission standards, abatement costs, environmental quota, technology agreement and adoption and international institutions. They examine the necessary conditions for the improved performance of international environmental agreements, how cooperation among countries can be improved and the incentives that can be created for voluntary compliance with international environmental agreements. This text is of great importance to academics, students and policy makers who are interested in environmental economics, policy and politics, as well as environmental law. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Economics of Climate Change in China Fan Gang, Nicholas Stern, Ottmar Edenhofer, Xu Shanda, Klas Eklund, Frank Ackerman, Lailai Li, Karl Hallding, 2013-09-13 China faces many modernization challenges, but perhaps none is more pressing than that posed by climate change. China must find a new economic growth model that is simultaneously environmentally sustainable, can free it from its dependency on fossil fuels, and lift living standards for the majority of its population. But what does such a model look like? And how can China best make the transition from its present macro-economic structure to a low-carbon future? This ground-breaking economic study, led by the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Chinese Economists 50 Forum, brings together leading international thinkers in economics, climate change, and development, to tackle some of the most challenging issues relating to China's low-carbon development. This study maps out a deep carbon reduction scenario and analyzes economic policies that shift carbon use, and shows how China can take strong and decisive action to make deep reductions in carbon emission over the next forty years while maintaining high economic growth and minimizing adverse effects of a low-carbon transition. Moreover, these reductions can be achieved within the finite global carbon budget for greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the hard constraints of climate science. The authors make the compelling case that a transition to a low-carbon economy is an essential part of China's development and modernization. Such a transformation would also present opportunities for China to improve its energy security and move its economy higher up the international value chain. They argue that even in these difficult economic times, climate change action may present more opportunities than costs. Such a transformation, for China and the rest of the world, will not be easy. But it is possible, necessary and worthwhile to pursue. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Business and Economics of Port Management Wei Yim Yap, 2020-07-06 Business and Economics of Port Management is a comprehensive but concise textbook and reference for insights into the workings of port industry from the business and economics perspectives. The book examines port management from various entities which include the government, port operator, shipping line, logistics companies and other port service providers. It provides in-depth discussions on strategic issues, challenges and disruptions that are faced by this industry. Given the uniqueness of each port and international nature of the port business, the book comes with useful case studies and lessons from different port regions around the world. Key lessons on challenges and issues faced by port managers, developers and regulators are highlighted and discussed using a combination of professional insights and publicly available information sources. The aim is to illustrate the decision-making process with the purpose of contributing to better outcomes for the industry, government and the public at large. Anyone who is approaching the subject matter will gain utmost understanding of how ports are critical in the global economy and societal well-being. |
| binding vs non binding economics: International Handbook of Development Economics Amitava Krishna Dutt, Jaime Ros, 2008-01-01 The essays are concise, yet comprehensive, and each essay contains a substantial set of references, which an interested researcher or student could follow up. . . In addition to representing multidisciplinary interactions, this collection encompasses several different perspectives within development economics, so the reader can learn, for example, both about neoclassical approaches and dependency theories in the same volume. This makes the collection unique and all the more valuable. . . This is a very good reference collection, as the individual essays are informative and provide a good overall perspective on the topic that they set out to address. The extensive bibliography at the end of each essay adds further value to this collection. Ashwini Deshpande, Economic and Political Weekly These new volumes impress along two dimensions. First, they highlight important connections between economic development and variables such as culture, warfare, and ethnicity, which are sometimes ignored by mainstream economists. Second, they analyze the economic development experience of different regions such as Africa, Latin America, and East Asia. . . a valuable reference for scholars and practitioners in the field. Highly recommended. H.A. Faruq, Choice This two-volume original reference work provides a comprehensive overview of development economics and comprises contributions by some of the leading scholars working in the field. Authors are drawn from around the world and write on a wide range of topics. After providing an introduction to the subject (by examining issues like the meaning and measurement of development, historical and interdisciplinary approaches, empirical regularities and data problems), the contributors provide a wealth of perspectives on, and analyses of, development economics. They discuss alternative approaches to development, the macroeconomics of growth, factors and sources of economic development (such as capital, labor, entrepreneurship, resources and technology), major sectors of concern (such as agriculture, industry, services and the informal sector) and international issues (such as trade, capital and labor flows and technology transfers). Income distribution and poverty, the state and other institutions, and actual development experiences are explored. The contributors provide analytical contributions, as well as the relation between these contributions and real world and policy issues from a variety of alternative perspectives. Scholars, students, policymakers and other development practitioners will all find this comprehensive reference invaluable. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Economics and Policies of an Enlarged Europe Carlo Altomonte, Mario Nava, 2006-01-01 Increasingly, policies and laws commonly agreed within the EU shape the political and economic scenarios of nation states in Europe. However, the same European context is radically changing, essentially due to three major recent developments: the adoption of the Euro, EU enlargement to the east and the implementation of the Lisbon Strategy of structural reforms for growth and competitiveness. The book presents a thorough economic analysis of these three events and of their implications for both existing and potential EU policies and objectives. Carlo Altomonte and Mario Nava have written a very rigorous text in an accessible and jargon-free style, ensuring easy acquisition of invaluable insights into the European economic set-up and the possible evolution of EU policies, including an update on the reform of the Growth and Stability Pact and of the 2007 13 Financial Perspectives. The accessibility of economic concepts combined with the methodological rigour of this up-to-date text will be of great interest to both policy makers and students. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Experimental Law and Economics R. Mark Isaac, Carl Kitchens, 2022-02-28 Experimental Law and Economics focuses on experimental and empirical investigations into both the economic effects of the law and how economic theories can explain the behavior of individuals within a legal system. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Scandalous Economics Aida A. Hozic, Jacqui True, 2016 This book is about the neglect of gender and race in explanations of the Global Financial Crisis. It is also about the sexual scandals and gendered austerity policies that have relegated public debate, and the crisis itself. We need to look at the activities and the privileges of the advantaged - the TED women of the crisis -- as much as the victimization of the disadvantaged - to fully grasp the interplay between gender and economy in this age of restoration. |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Long Game Rush Doshi, 2021 In The Long Game, Rush Doshi demonstrates that China is in fact playing a long, methodical game to replace America as a global hegemon. Drawing from a rich base of Chinese primary sources, including decades worth of party documents and memoirs by party leaders, he traces the basic evolution of Chinese strategy, showing how it evolved in response to changes in US policy and the US's position in the world order. |
| binding vs non binding economics: Revenue Provisions in President's Fiscal Year 1999 Budget United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means, 1999 |
| binding vs non binding economics: The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation Policies and Options for Global Action beyond 2012 OECD, 2009-09-18 Against the background of a projected doubling of world greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century, this book explores feasible ways to abate them at least cost. |
wpf - What is the template binding vs binding? - Stack Overflow
May 15, 2012 · Binding on its own is very good described in the MSDN. This is a very nice cheat sheet which in fact hangs on my wall right next to me. It gives a good overview of all the …
c# - Binding redirects - Stack Overflow
Sep 27, 2011 · There are several configuration files that can include binding redirects. Another option besides the configuration files is to use the AppDomain.AssemblyResolve event to …
What is the difference between static and dynamic binding?
Mar 13, 2009 · * Execution time:-* bindings of variables to its values,as well as the binding of variable to particular storage location at the time of execution is called execution time binding. …
What are the various WPF binding modes? - Stack Overflow
Binding happens between a property of Source and a property of Target (has to be a DependencyProperty). e.g. The TextPropertyof the TextBox class is DataBound to (say) …
c# - How to set a binding in Code? - Stack Overflow
// To work around this, we create the binding once we get the viewmodel through the datacontext. var newViewModel = e.NewValue as MyViewModel; var executablePathBinding = new Binding …
c# - Automatic Binding Redirects - Stack Overflow
The explicit binding redirect on "Microsoft.Bcl.AsyncInterfaces, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=cc7b13ffcd2ddd51" conflicts with an autogenerated binding redirect.\ …
How do I use WPF bindings with RelativeSource? - Stack Overflow
Sep 17, 2008 · DataContext is always the reference point for Binding. Binding can directly recall values for the DataContext type format starting with the nearest DataContext.
c# - Assembly Binding redirect: How and Why? - Stack Overflow
Apr 12, 2017 · Library B in turn also references library C, but of version 1.1.1.0. Now we have a conflict, because you cannot load different versions of the same assembly at runtime. To …
Static Vs. Dynamic Binding in Java - Stack Overflow
Oct 26, 2016 · Static binding uses Type (class in Java) information for binding while dynamic binding uses object to resolve binding. Overloaded methods are bonded using static binding …
Simple WPF RadioButton Binding? - Stack Overflow
Aug 23, 2009 · : Binding.DoNothing; // Return Binding.DoNothing, telling the binding 'ignore this change' public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) => this; } The …
wpf - What is the template binding vs binding? - Stack Overflow
May 15, 2012 · Binding on its own is very good described in the MSDN. This is a very nice cheat sheet which in fact hangs on my wall right next to me. It gives a good overview of all the …
c# - Binding redirects - Stack Overflow
Sep 27, 2011 · There are several configuration files that can include binding redirects. Another option besides the configuration files is to use the AppDomain.AssemblyResolve event to …
What is the difference between static and dynamic binding?
Mar 13, 2009 · * Execution time:-* bindings of variables to its values,as well as the binding of variable to particular storage location at the time of execution is called execution time binding. …
What are the various WPF binding modes? - Stack Overflow
Binding happens between a property of Source and a property of Target (has to be a DependencyProperty). e.g. The TextPropertyof the TextBox class is DataBound to (say) …
c# - How to set a binding in Code? - Stack Overflow
// To work around this, we create the binding once we get the viewmodel through the datacontext. var newViewModel = e.NewValue as MyViewModel; var executablePathBinding = new Binding { …
c# - Automatic Binding Redirects - Stack Overflow
The explicit binding redirect on "Microsoft.Bcl.AsyncInterfaces, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=cc7b13ffcd2ddd51" conflicts with an autogenerated binding redirect.\ …
How do I use WPF bindings with RelativeSource? - Stack Overflow
Sep 17, 2008 · DataContext is always the reference point for Binding. Binding can directly recall values for the DataContext type format starting with the nearest DataContext.
c# - Assembly Binding redirect: How and Why? - Stack Overflow
Apr 12, 2017 · Library B in turn also references library C, but of version 1.1.1.0. Now we have a conflict, because you cannot load different versions of the same assembly at runtime. To …
Static Vs. Dynamic Binding in Java - Stack Overflow
Oct 26, 2016 · Static binding uses Type (class in Java) information for binding while dynamic binding uses object to resolve binding. Overloaded methods are bonded using static binding …
Simple WPF RadioButton Binding? - Stack Overflow
Aug 23, 2009 · : Binding.DoNothing; // Return Binding.DoNothing, telling the binding 'ignore this change' public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) => this; } The …
