| close in sign language: Directions in Sign Language Acquisition Gary Morgan, Bencie Woll, 2002-01-01 This is the second volume in the series 'Trends in language acquisition research'. The unusual combination in one volume of reports on various different sign languages in acquisition makes this book quite unique. |
| close in sign language: Linguistics of American Sign Language Clayton Valli, Ceil Lucas, 2000 New 4th Edition completely revised and updated with new DVD now available; ISBN 1-56368-283-4. |
| close in sign language: Baby Sign Language Mary Smith, 2022-11-15 Start signing with your baby today! This comprehensive book makes signing easy with photos of real kids forming 100+ signs, plus expert advice on introducing them. In Baby Sign Language, Mary Smith--founder of popular sign language education business Sign 'n Grow and ASL interpreter--shares everything you need for learning how to sign with your 0-3-year-old. Maybe you've seen it online or remember a friend and their baby signing MILK or MORE. No matter why you're interested, what you've heard is true: signing is one of the best ways to kickstart communication. When babies can sign, they get frustrated less--and the sign-learning process is great for parent-child bonding as well. In Baby Sign Language, Mary shares the key techniques, tips, and strategies she teaches through small group workshops and classes. At the heart of the book are a broad array of photographed signs that are easy to understand thanks to the real kids signing them. You'll find everything you could want to talk about, including: Mealtime: Milk, Food & Eat, More, All Done, Drink, Water, Dirty, Clean, Please, Thank You, Yes, No, Hungry, Thirsty, Want Daytime: Help, Open, Up, Pacifier, Light, Bath, Brush Teeth, Diaper, Change, Blanket, Bed, Sleep/Nap, Good, Morning, Night, Bathroom/Pee/Potty, Poop, And A Variety Of Clothing Signs Playtime: Again, What, Read, Book, Play, Toy, Dance, Music, Ball, Try, Friend, Take Turns, Nice, Gentle, Dog, Cat Family: Family, Love, Mommy, Daddy, Baby, Brother, Sister, Grandma, Grandpa, Aunt, Uncle, You, Me How Baby Feels: How, Feel, Happy, Excited, Silly, Sad, Angry, Scared, Sleepy, Tired, Hurt, Surprised, Fussy, Frustrated Outdoors: Walk, Stroller, Outside, Playground, Grass, Airplane, Sun, Moon, Stars, Cloud, Rain, Snow, Weather, Wind, Hot, Cold, Bug, Butterfly, Rock, Leaf, Car, Tree, Bird, House With songs, stories, and games to encourage sign usage, various ways for modeling signs, and insider tips for things like how to understand if your baby is comprehending a sign or babbling, this is the thorough, accessible guide you need to start communicating with your baby using signs. |
| close in sign language: Knack Baby Sign Language Suzie Chafin, 2009-12-28 Few children can communicate effectively before eighteen months of age, but sign language can allow baby and parent to reduce the frustration up to a year earlier. With more than 450 full-color photos, text, and sidebars, Knack Baby Sign Language provides a user-friendly, efficient method to learn and teach a baby sign language. Organized by age, it provides signs appropriate to use with babies, with toddlers, and with older children for whom signing with games, songs, and rhymes is enriching. The signs can also be used with special needs children and those with delayed communication abilities. |
| close in sign language: E-Mels Melissa Weaver, 2006-03 Does life get you down? Are there days when you just need a little bit of encouragement? Tired of an impersonal approach to devotionals? Now is your chance to experience devotionals in whole new light. Set up in an email format, E-Mels provide personable and encouraging emails at your fingertips. Verses from scripture and moral lessons come alive through the inspiration of well known authors such as C.S. Lewis and John Donne. Important truths are revealed through story telling, exploring songs, learning sign language and much more. Devotionals have never been done quite like this. While e-mail allows you two-way communication with anyone across the world, E-Mels extend past that and open up two way communication between you and God. Allow God to open your mind and heart as you take part in discovering who God is and who we are meant to be in Him. I pray that as you work through these devotions they transform from mere words on a page into inspirations for your life. |
| close in sign language: Australian Sign Language (Auslan) Trevor Johnston, Adam Schembri, 2007-01-18 This is first comprehensive introduction to the linguistics of Auslan, the sign language of Australia. Assuming no prior background in language study, it explores each key aspect of the structure of Auslan, providing an accessible overview of its grammar (how sentences are structured), phonology (the building blocks of signs), morphology (the structure of signs), lexicon (vocabulary), semantics (how meaning is created), and discourse (how Auslan is used in context). The authors also discuss a range of myths and misunderstandings about sign languages, provide an insight into the history and development of Auslan, and show how Auslan is related to other sign languages, such as those used in Britain, the USA and New Zealand. Complete with clear illustrations of the signs in use and useful further reading lists, this is an ideal resource for anyone interested in Auslan, as well as those seeking a clear, general introduction to sign language linguistics. |
| close in sign language: Indian Sign Language William Tomkins, 2012-04-20 Learn to communicate without words with these authentic signs. Learn over 525 signs, developed by the Sioux, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Arapahoe, and others. Book also contains 290 pictographs of the Sioux and Ojibway tribes. |
| close in sign language: The Indian sign language, with notes of the gestures taught deaf-mutes in our institutions William Philo Clark, 1885 |
| close in sign language: A Historical and Etymological Dictionary of American Sign Language Emily Shaw, Yves Delaporte, 2015 Dictionary of all know texts featuring illustrations of early American Sign Language and historical images of French Sign language and linking them with contemporary signs-- |
| close in sign language: Barron's American Sign Language David A. Stewart, Jennifer Stewart, 2021-01-05 Barron’s American Sign Language is a brand-new title on ASL that can be used in the classroom, as a supplemental text to high school and college courses, or for anyone who wants to learn proper ASL. The only American Sign Language book with comprehensive instruction and online graded video practice quizzes, plus a comprehensive final video exam. Content includes topics on the Deaf culture and community, ASL Grammar, fingerspelling, combining signs to construct detailed sentences, Everyday ASL, and much more. More than 1,000 illustrations of signs with instructions on movement--step-by-step with dialogue, tip boxes, and practice exercises and quizzes throughout to reinforce retention and to track your progress. Essential Grammar: Our in-depth explanations will help you to understand core grammar, sentence structure, and facial grammar. Everyday Phrases: Sign phrases like hello or sorry that are used in daily conversations. |
| close in sign language: A Prosodic Model of Sign Language Phonology Diane Brentari, 1998 Superior to any other book on the subject that I have seen. I can see it being used as a class text or reference for current theory in sign language phonology.Carol A. Padden, Department of Communication, University of California |
| close in sign language: Analysing Sign Language Poetry R. Sutton-Spence, 2004-11-12 This new study is a major contribution to sign language study and to literature generally, looking at the complex grammatical, phonological and morphological systems of sign language linguistic structure and their role in sign language poetry and performance. Chapters deal with repetition and rhyme, symmetry and balance, neologisms, ambiguity, themes, metaphor and allusion, poem and performance, and blending English and sign language poetry. Major poetic performances in both BSL and ASL - with emphasis on the work of the deaf poet Dorothy Miles - are analysed using the tools provided in the book. |
| close in sign language: American Sign Language: Units 10-18 Dennis Cokely, Charlotte Lee Baker-Shenk, 1991 |
| close in sign language: The Phonology of Shanghai Sign Language Jisheng Zhang, Yanhong Wu, Shengyun Gu, Feng Yang, Yin’er Zhu, Jeroen van de Weijer, 2024-09-02 Applying the framework of the Prosodic Model to naturalistic data, this book presents a systematic study of the phonological structure of Shanghai Sign Language (SHSL). It examines the handshape inventory of SHSL in terms of its underlying featural specifications, phonetic realization and phonological processes such as assimilation, epenthesis, deletion, coalescence, non-dominant hand spread and weak drop. The authors define the role of the prosodic hierarchy in SHSL and analyze the linguistic functions of non-manual markers. This systematic investigation not only contributes to our understanding of SHSL itself, but also informs typological research on sign languages in the world. |
| close in sign language: The Indian Sign Language William Philo Clark, 1884 Under orders from General Sheridan, Captain W. P. Clark spent over six years among the Plains Indians and other tribes studying their sign language. In addition to an alphabetical cataloguing of signs, Clark gives valuable background information on many tribes and their history and customs. Considered the classic of its field, this book provides, entirely in prose form, how to speak the language entirely through sign language, without one diagram provided. |
| close in sign language: Baby Sign Language Made Easy Lane Rebelo, 2018-06-12 Featuring ASL signs plus fun songs and activities--Cover. |
| close in sign language: Sign Language and Linguistic Universals Wendy Sandler, Diane Lillo-Martin, 2006-02-02 Sign languages are of great interest to linguists, because while they are the product of the same brain, their physical transmission differs greatly from that of spoken languages. In this pioneering and original study, Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin compare sign languages with spoken languages, in order to seek the universal properties they share. Drawing on general linguistic theory, they describe and analyze sign language structure, showing linguistic universals in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of sign language, while also revealing non-universal aspects of its structure that must be attributed to its physical transmission system. No prior background in sign language linguistics is assumed, and numerous pictures are provided to make descriptions of signs and facial expressions accessible to readers. Engaging and informative, Sign Language and Linguistic Universals will be invaluable to linguists, psychologists, and all those interested in sign languages, linguistic theory and the universal properties of human languages. |
| close in sign language: Close Relationships Harry T. Reis, Caryl E. Rusbult, 2004-08-02 Each of the chapters in this reader is written by leading scholars in the area of relationships, reflecting the diversity of the field and including both contemporary and key historical papers for comprehensive coverage of research. |
| close in sign language: Sign Language Research Sixty Years Later: Current and Future Perspectives Valentina Cuccio, Erin Wilkinson, Brigitte Garcia, Adam Schembri, Erin Moriarty, Sabina Fontana, 2022-11-14 |
| close in sign language: Tajik Linguistics Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari, 2023-01-30 It is hardly an overstatement to say that Soviet linguists had a monopoly over Tajik linguistics before the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when most studies on the language were accessible exclusively through Russian and Tajik. Today, however, linguists dealing with Tajik are diverse not only in terms of their location but also in terms of their disciplinary orientation within linguistics, making it difficult for the general linguist to work out the state of the art of the linguistic study of Tajik. This volume aims to address this difficulty by collecting in a handbook format recent (post-Soviet) developments in the study of Tajik that now lie scattered in different subdisciplines of linguistics. The volume thus showcases the state of the art of post-Soviet Tajik linguistics and can be used as a guide for linguists interested in the language. |
| close in sign language: Names in Focus Terhi Ainiala, Minna Saarelma, Paula Sjöblom, 2012 Names in Focus delves deep into the vast field of Finnish onomastics, covering place names, personal names, animal names, commercial names and names in literature. It provides the history and current trends in this area of research, and also supplements international terminology with the Finnish point of view on the subject. Brimming with examples and clear explanations, the book can be enjoyed by the most studious of researchers as well as the casual reader who has a genuine interest in the study of names. |
| close in sign language: Sign Language Jim G. Kyle, James Kyle, Bencie Woll, 1988-02-26 The discovery of the importance of sign language in the deaf community is very recent indeed. This book provides a study of the communication and culture of deaf people, and particularly of the deaf community in Britain. The authors' principal aim is to inform educators, psychologists, linguists and professionals working with deaf people about the rich language the deaf have developed for themselves - a language of movement and space, of the hands and of the eyes, of abstract communication as well as iconic story telling. The first chapters of the book discuss the history of sign language use, its social aspects and the issues surrounding the language acquisition of deaf children (BSL) follows, and the authors also consider how the signs come into existence, change over time and alter their meanings, and how BSL compares and contrasts with spoken languages and other signed languages. Subsequent chapters examine sign language learning from a psychological perspective and other cognitive issues. The book concludes with a consideration of the applications of sign language research, particularly in the contentious field of education. There is still much to be discovered about sign language and the deaf community, but the authors have succeeded in providing an extensive framework on which other researchers can build, from which professionals can develop a coherent practice for their work with deaf people, and from which hearing parents of deaf children can draw the confidence to understand their children's world. |
| close in sign language: Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments Constantine Stephanidis, 2009-07-14 The 13th International Conference on Human–Computer Interaction, HCI Inter- tional 2009, was held in San Diego, California, USA, July 19–24, 2009, jointly with the Symposium on Human Interface (Japan) 2009, the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human–Computer Interaction, the Third International Conf- ence on Virtual and Mixed Reality, the Third International Conference on Internati- alization, Design and Global Development, the Third International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing, the 5th International Conference on Augmented Cognition, the Second International Conference on Digital Human Mod- ing, and the First International Conference on Human Centered Design. A total of 4,348 individuals from academia, research institutes, industry and gove- mental agencies from 73 countries submitted contributions, and 1,397 papers that were judged to be of high scientific quality were included in the program. These papers - dress the latest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of the design and use of computing systems. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the entire field of human-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. |
| close in sign language: Sign Language of the Deaf I. M. Schlesinger, Lila Namir, 2014-05-10 Sign Language of the Deaf: Psychological, Linguistic, and Sociological Perspectives provides information pertinent to the psychological, educational, social, and linguistic aspects of sign language. This book presents the development in the study of sign language. Organized into four parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the fascinating account of sign language acquisition by small children. This text then explores the grammar of sign language and discusses the linguistic status of natural and contrived sign languages. Other chapters consider the many peculiarities of the lexicon and grammar of sign language, and its differences in such respects from oral language. This book discusses as well sign language from the angle of psycholinguistics. The final chapter deals with the educational implications of the use of sign language. This book is a valuable resource for linguists and psycholinguists. Readers who are interested in sign language will also find this book useful. |
| close in sign language: Grammar, Gesture, and Meaning in American Sign Language Scott K. Liddell, 2003-03-13 Sample Text |
| close in sign language: Monastic Sign Languages Jean Umiker-Sebeok, Thomas A. Sebeok, 2011-08-02 |
| close in sign language: Nonverbal Communication in Close Relationships Laura K. Guerrero, Kory Floyd, 2006-08-15 This volume focuses on nonverbal messages and their role in close relationships--friends, family, and romantic partners. For scholars and students in personal relationship study, as well as social psychology, interpersonal/nonverbal communication, family |
| close in sign language: Self-Working Close-Up Card Magic Karl Fulves, Joseph K. Schmidt, 1994-10-31 Easy-to-master crowd-pleasing tricks, require a deck of cards and offer beginners experience in handling an audience. Instructions. |
| close in sign language: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting - National Education Association of the United States National Education Association of the United States, 1897 |
| close in sign language: The Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the National Educational Association National Educational Association (U.S.), 1897 |
| close in sign language: Addresses and Journal of Proceedings National Education Association of the United States, 1897 Vols. for 1866-70 include Proceedings of the American Normal School Association; 1866-69 include Proceedings of the National Association of School Superintendents; 1870 includes Addresses and journal of proceedings of the Central College Association. |
| close in sign language: Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the ... Annual Meeting National Educational Association (U.S.). Meeting, 1897 |
| close in sign language: Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the ... Annual Meeting Held at ... National Educational Association (U.S.), 1897 |
| close in sign language: Proceedings, Abstracts of Lectures and a Brief Report of the Discussions of the National Teachers' Association, the National Association of School Superintendents and the American Normal School Association National Education Association of the United States, 1897 |
| close in sign language: Your Expectation Bart Sangster, 2012-06-20 Your Expectation is for everybody who wants to be successful in his or her professional and personal life. It will help to improve your rational skills in risk assessment, decision-making as well as the necessary emotional competencies to manage change, uncertainty and the interaction with others. Many stories and historical events highlight the various steps in the decision-making process and will inspire you to use seemingly irrelevant small events of every day's life to practice and further advance these skills and competences. Making an informed decision is not enough to make you meet your objective. A professional execution of your decisions is equally important. How can we best prepare for their execution. How do we learn to notice the many unexpected events, risks and opportunities, around us and how can we turn them into our advantage. Elisabeth Fry, Kublai Kahn, King Louis XIV of France, George Scovell and the Duke of Wellington will provide the examples. |
| close in sign language: The Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies, Language, and Education, Vol. 2 Marc Marschark, Patricia Elizabeth Spencer, 2003 The field of deaf studies, language, and education has grown dramatically over the past forty years. From work on the linguistics of sign language and parent-child interactions to analyses of school placement and the the mapping of brain function in deaf individuals, research across a range of disciplines has greatly expanded not just our knowledge of deafness and the deaf, but also the very origins of language, social interaction, and thinking. In this updated edition of the landmark original volume, a range of international experts present a comprehensive overview of the field of deaf studies, language, and education. Written for students, practitioners, and researchers, The Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies, Language, and Education, Volume 1, is a uniquely ambitious work that has altered both the theoretical and applied landscapes. Pairing practical information with detailed analyses of what works, why, and for whom-all while banishing the paternalism that once dogged the field-this first of two volumes features specially-commissioned, updated essays on topics including: language and language development, hearing and speech perception, education, literacy, cognition, and the complex cultural, social, and psychological issues associated with deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals. The range of these topics shows the current state of research and identifies the opportunites and challenges that lie ahead. Combining historical background, research, and strategies for teaching and service provision, the two-volume Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies, Language, and Education stands as the benchmark reference work in the field of deaf studies. |
| close in sign language: Skin-Close Computing and Wearable Technology Andrews Samraj, 2021-11-24 This book explains the concept of wearable computing, need for wearable technology, its advantages, application areas, state of art developments in this area, required material and technology, possible future applications including cyborg developments and the need for this sphere of influence in the future. The scope encompasses three major components, wearable computing (next generation of conventional computing, ergonomics), wearable technology (medical support, rehabilitation engineering, assistive technology support devices, army/combat usage) and allied technologies (miniature components, reliability, high performance integration, cyber physical systems, robotics). Aids reader to recognize the need and functional operations of a wearable computing device Includes diversified examples and case studies from different domains Presents a hybrid concept relating medical care and augmented reality Illustrates product level description examples and research ideas for future development Introduces various wearable technologies and other related technologies for enabling wearable computing This book is aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students and researchers in computer and biomedical engineering, bioinstrumentation, biosensors, and assistive technology. |
| close in sign language: Close Shaves Orimolade, Akindele, 2015-01-30 Akindele Orimolade attended Obafemi Awolowo University for his first degree between 1985 & 1989 before obtaining a post graduate Diploma in Journalism from the Nigerian Institute of AJournalism, Lagos in 1993. He enrolled at the University of Abuja where in 2010 he obtained an LLB in Law as well as the BL in 2012 from the Nigerian Law School. Akin started his journalism career in 1990 when he had his compulsory one-year National Service with the Sketch newspaper in Ibadan. He was given automatic employment as Senior Reporter and between January and December 1992, he was the Ondo State Correspondent of Daily Sketch before being transferred to Ogun State as the State Correspondent between December 1992 and October 1994. He joined the Weekly Frontline newspaper as Assistant Editor in November 1994 and rose to the position of Acting Editor and later Editor till September 1997. |
| close in sign language: American Sign Language Charlotte Lee Baker-Shenk, Dennis Cokely, 1991 The videocassettes illustrate dialogues for the text it accompanies, and also provides ASL stories, poems and dramatic prose for classroom use. Each dialogue is presented three times to allow the student to converse with each signer. Also demonstrates the grammar and structure of sign language. The teacher's text on grammar and culture focuses on the use of three basic types of sentences, four verb inflections, locative relationships and pronouns, etc. by using sign language. The teacher's text on curriculum and methods gives guidelines on teaching American Sign Language and Structured activities for classroom use. |
| close in sign language: Baby Sign Language Basics Monta Z. Briant, 2018-06-26 In this newly expanded edition, a renowned baby-signing expert provides more than 300 American Sign Language (ASL) signs, illustrated with the same clear, easy-to-understand photos and descriptions. Since 2004, Baby Sign Language Basics has introduced hundreds of thousands of parents and caregivers around the globe to the miracle of signing with their babies—and left them wanting more! Baby-specific signing techniques, songs, and games are also included to make learning fun and to quickly open up two-way communication. Parents will meet real signing families and learn how to make sign language a part of their everyday interactions with their children. Also included is a video signing dictionary featuring all the signs from the book. Just point and click, and see the sign you want to learn come alive! This is a must-have for all parents, grandparents, and anyone else who spends time with preverbal children. After all, what parent or caregiver doesn’t want to know what their baby is trying to tell them? Now includes streaming video, additional tips, advice, and updated resources! |
CLOSE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CLOSE is to move so as to bar passage through something. How to use close in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Close.
CLOSE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CLOSE definition: 1. to change from being open to not being open, or to cause something to do this: 2. When a shop…. Learn more.
CLOSE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If something is close or comes close to something else, it almost is, does, or experiences that thing. There is a simplicity about the interior which comes close to blandness. An airliner came …
Close vs. Close – Difference & Meaning - GRAMMARIST
At its most basic level, close can define something near or adjacent to another object or person. The word can also imply that an object or person is tightly bound and intertwined with another …
Close - definition of close by The Free Dictionary
close - at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other; "close to noon"; "how close are we to town?"; "a close formation of ships"
close, closes, closest, closing, closer, closed- WordWeb ...
"the bullet didn't come close"; "don't get too close to the fire"; - near, nigh ; In an attentive manner "he remained close on his guard"; - closely, tight. Noun: close klowz. The temporal end; the …
close verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of close 1 verb from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. [transitive, intransitive] close (something) to put something into a position so that it covers an opening; to get into this …
CLOSE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Close definition: to put (something) in a position to obstruct an entrance, opening, etc.; shut.. See examples of CLOSE used in a sentence.
close - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jun 9, 2025 · close (third-person singular simple present closes, present participle closing, simple past and past participle closed) (physical) To remove or block an opening, gap or passage …
Close - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
To close is to shut something or to end something. You could close a door, close your mouth, or even close a deal. This versatile word usually means "the end" or "near." When a store is …
CLOSE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CLOSE is to move so as to bar passage through something. How to use close in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Close.
CLOSE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CLOSE definition: 1. to change from being open to not being open, or to cause something to do this: 2. When a shop…. Learn more.
CLOSE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If something is close or comes close to something else, it almost is, does, or experiences that thing. There is a simplicity about the interior which comes close to blandness. An airliner came …
Close vs. Close – Difference & Meaning - GRAMMARIST
At its most basic level, close can define something near or adjacent to another object or person. The word can also imply that an object or person is tightly bound and intertwined with another …
Close - definition of close by The Free Dictionary
close - at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other; "close to noon"; "how close are we to town?"; "a close formation of ships"
close, closes, closest, closing, closer, closed- WordWeb ...
"the bullet didn't come close"; "don't get too close to the fire"; - near, nigh ; In an attentive manner "he remained close on his guard"; - closely, tight. Noun: close klowz. The temporal end; the …
close verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of close 1 verb from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. [transitive, intransitive] close (something) to put something into a position so that it covers an opening; to get into this …
CLOSE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Close definition: to put (something) in a position to obstruct an entrance, opening, etc.; shut.. See examples of CLOSE used in a sentence.
close - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jun 9, 2025 · close (third-person singular simple present closes, present participle closing, simple past and past participle closed) (physical) To remove or block an opening, gap or passage …
Close - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
To close is to shut something or to end something. You could close a door, close your mouth, or even close a deal. This versatile word usually means "the end" or "near." When a store is …
