| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Science Methods for Clinical Researchers Morteza Jalali, Francesca Yvonne Louise Saldanha, Mehdi Jalali, 2017-03-31 Basic Science Methods for Clinical Researchers addresses the specific challenges faced by clinicians without a conventional science background. The aim of the book is to introduce the reader to core experimental methods commonly used to answer questions in basic science research and to outline their relative strengths and limitations in generating conclusive data. This book will be a vital companion for clinicians undertaking laboratory-based science. It will support clinicians in the pursuit of their academic interests and in making an original contribution to their chosen field. In doing so, it will facilitate the development of tomorrow's clinician scientists and future leaders in discovery science. - Serves as a helpful guide for clinical researchers who lack a conventional science background - Organized around research themes pertaining to key biological molecules, from genes, to proteins, cells, and model organisms - Features protocols, techniques for troubleshooting common problems, and an explanation of the advantages and limitations of a technique in generating conclusive data - Appendices provide resources for practical research methodology, including legal frameworks for using stem cells and animals in the laboratory, ethical considerations, and good laboratory practice (GLP) |
| clinical vs basic science research: Advancing the Nation's Health Needs National Research Council, Policy and Global Affairs, Board on Higher Education and Workforce, Committee for Monitoring the Nation's Changing Needs for Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Personnel, 2005-08-13 This report is the twelfth assessment of the National Institutes of Health National Research Service Awards program. The research training needs of the country in basic biomedical, clinical, and behavioral and social sciences are considered. Also included are the training needs of oral health, nursing, and health services research. The report has been broadly constructed to take into account the rapidly evolving national and international health care needs. The past and present are analyzed, and predictions with regard to future needs are presented. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Principles and Practice of Clinical Research John I. Gallin, Frederick P Ognibene, 2011-04-28 The second edition of this innovative work again provides a unique perspective on the clinical discovery process by providing input from experts within the NIH on the principles and practice of clinical research. Molecular medicine, genomics, and proteomics have opened vast opportunities for translation of basic science observations to the bedside through clinical research. As an introductory reference it gives clinical investigators in all fields an awareness of the tools required to ensure research protocols are well designed and comply with the rigorous regulatory requirements necessary to maximize the safety of research subjects. Complete with sections on the history of clinical research and ethics, copious figures and charts, and sample documents it serves as an excellent companion text for any course on clinical research and as a must-have reference for seasoned researchers.*Incorporates new chapters on Managing Conflicts of Interest in Human Subjects Research, Clinical Research from the Patient's Perspective, The Clinical Researcher and the Media, Data Management in Clinical Research, Evaluation of a Protocol Budget, Clinical Research from the Industry Perspective, and Genetics in Clinical Research *Addresses the vast opportunities for translation of basic science observations to the bedside through clinical research*Delves into data management and addresses how to collect data and use it for discovery*Contains valuable, up-to-date information on how to obtain funding from the federal government |
| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Sciences for Core Medical Training and the MRCP Neil Herring, Robert Wilkins, 2015-10-29 Providing a clear explanation of the relevant medical science behind the individual medical specialties, Basic Science for Core Medical Training and the MRCP, is an indispensable part of a candidate's MRCP preparation. Directly linked to the Royal College exam, the book follows the same systems-based approach as the syllabus for accurate and effective revision. With full coverage of basic science for the medical specialities, the book features material on genetics, cellular, molecular and membrane biology, and biochemistry. Content is presented in an illustrated and easy-to-read format, ensuring that the basic science for each medical specialty is more approachable and accessible. A focus on how the basic sciences aid understanding of clinical practice is reinforced through key tables of differential diagnoses and pharmacology. Ten multiple choice questions at the end of each chapter consolidate learning and enable candidates to test their knowledge. The book also covers common examination errors and areas of misunderstanding to aid learning and help candidates avoid common pitfalls. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Myocardial Preservation Dennis V. Cokkinos, 2019-01-28 This timely book reveals an integrated approach to myocardial preservation focusing on translational research and clinical applications. Chapters cover both the mechanisms of heart failure in addition to therapeutic considerations, including forms of cardiac cell death, cardiac remodelling and cardiac regeneration. Potential future research directions are also proposed, enabling the reader to gain a broad in-depth understanding of the topic. Myocardial Preservation: Translational Research and Clinical Application presents a thorough review of myocardial preservation. Its comprehensive approach provides a valuable reference for cardiology researchers and practising and trainee cardiologists seeking new insight to the topic. |
| clinical vs basic science research: The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics, Panel on Handling Missing Data in Clinical Trials, 2010-12-21 Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Science Techniques in Clinical Practice Hitendra R.H. Patel, Manit Arya, Iqbal Shergill, 2008-08-25 A complete guide to implementing research projects for anyone in the medical professions. This book covers all the main areas, allowing anyone to set up and complete research projects. The techniques outlined here can easily be adapted to clinical projects. Written by international authors to provide a flavor from many institutions, the book’s appeal is cross-sectional, both at hospital and primary care levels worldwide. Providing cutting-edge information in an accessible manner, and containing diagrams and easy-to-follow step-by-step guides, this is the first guide of its kind. It contains a complete section on setting up and funding research projects. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Bridging the Bed-Bench Gap National Research Council, Policy and Global Affairs, Board on Higher Education and Workforce, Committee on the Evaluation of the Lucille P. Markey Charitable Trust Programs in Biomedical Sciences, 2004-02-05 Since the 1970s there has been a serious gap between fundamental biological research and its clinical application. In response to this gap the Lucille P. Markey Charitable Trust instituted the General Organizational Grants program, which funded two types of awards to provide training that would bridge the bed-bench gap. These training awards fell into two categories: (1) those that provided significant opportunities for M.D.s to engage in basic research during and immediately following medical school and residency, and (2) those that provided significant clinical exposure for Ph.D.s while they were predoctoral or postdoctoral students. These grants were intended to close the widening gap between rapid advances in our understanding of the biological process and the translation of that knowledge into techniques for preventing diseases. This report examines the General Organizational Grant programs, identifies best practices, and provides observations for future philanthropic funders. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Clinical Research Computing Prakash Nadkarni, 2016-04-29 Clinical Research Computing: A Practitioner's Handbook deals with the nuts-and-bolts of providing informatics and computing support for clinical research. The subjects that the practitioner must be aware of are not only technological and scientific, but also organizational and managerial. Therefore, the author offers case studies based on real life experiences in order to prepare the readers for the challenges they may face during their experiences either supporting clinical research or supporting electronic record systems. Clinical research computing is the application of computational methods to the broad field of clinical research. With the advent of modern digital computing, and the powerful data collection, storage, and analysis that is possible with it, it becomes more relevant to understand the technical details in order to fully seize its opportunities. - Offers case studies, based on real-life examples where possible, to engage the readers with more complex examples - Provides studies backed by technical details, e.g., schema diagrams, code snippets or algorithms illustrating particular techniques, to give the readers confidence to employ the techniques described in their own settings - Offers didactic content organization and an increasing complexity through the chapters |
| clinical vs basic science research: The Role of Purchasers and Payers in the Clinical Research Enterprise Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Clinical Research Roundtable, 2002-06-14 In a workshop organized by the Clinical Research roundtable, representatives from purchaser organizations (employers), payer organizations (health plans and insurance companies), and other stakeholder organizations (voluntary health associations, clinical researchers, research organizations, and the technology community) came together to explore: What do purchasers and payers need from the Clinical Research Enterprise? How have current efforts in clinical research met their needs? What are purchasers, payers, and other stakeholders willing to contribute to the enterprise? This book documents these discussions and summarizes what employers and insurers need from and are willing to contribute to clinical research from both a business and a national health care perspective. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Sharing Clinical Trial Data Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Strategies for Responsible Sharing of Clinical Trial Data, 2015-04-20 Data sharing can accelerate new discoveries by avoiding duplicative trials, stimulating new ideas for research, and enabling the maximal scientific knowledge and benefits to be gained from the efforts of clinical trial participants and investigators. At the same time, sharing clinical trial data presents risks, burdens, and challenges. These include the need to protect the privacy and honor the consent of clinical trial participants; safeguard the legitimate economic interests of sponsors; and guard against invalid secondary analyses, which could undermine trust in clinical trials or otherwise harm public health. Sharing Clinical Trial Data presents activities and strategies for the responsible sharing of clinical trial data. With the goal of increasing scientific knowledge to lead to better therapies for patients, this book identifies guiding principles and makes recommendations to maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This report offers guidance on the types of clinical trial data available at different points in the process, the points in the process at which each type of data should be shared, methods for sharing data, what groups should have access to data, and future knowledge and infrastructure needs. Responsible sharing of clinical trial data will allow other investigators to replicate published findings and carry out additional analyses, strengthen the evidence base for regulatory and clinical decisions, and increase the scientific knowledge gained from investments by the funders of clinical trials. The recommendations of Sharing Clinical Trial Data will be useful both now and well into the future as improved sharing of data leads to a stronger evidence base for treatment. This book will be of interest to stakeholders across the spectrum of research-from funders, to researchers, to journals, to physicians, and ultimately, to patients. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Critical Thinking in Clinical Research Felipe Fregni, Ben M. W. Illigens, 2018 Critical Thinking in Clinical Research explains the fundamentals of clinical research in a case-based approach. The core concept is to combine a clear and concise transfer of information and knowledge with an engagement of the reader to develop a mastery of learning and critical thinking skills. The book addresses the main concepts of clinical research, basics of biostatistics, advanced topics in applied biostatistics, and practical aspects of clinical research, with emphasis on clinical relevance across all medical specialties. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Understanding Clinical Research Renato D. Lopes, Robert A. Harrington, 2013-05-22 A complete guide to understanding and applying clinical research results Ideal for both researchers and healthcare providers Understanding Clinical Research addresses both the operational challenges of clinical trials and the needs of clinicians to comprehend the nuances of research methods to accurately analyze study results. This timely resource covers all aspects of clinical trials--from study design and statistics to regulatory oversight--and it delivers a detailed yet streamlined overview of must-know research topics. The text features an accessible three-part organization that traces the evolution of clinical research and explains the bedrock principles and unique challenges of clinical experimentation and observational research. Reinforcing this content are real-life case examples--drawn from the authors' broad experience--that put chapter concepts into action and contribute to a working knowledge of integral research techniques. FEATURES: The most definitive guide to promoting excellence in clinical research, designed to empower healthcare providers to assess a study's strengths and weaknesses with confidence and apply this knowledge to optimize patient outcomes In-depth coverage of fundamental research methods and protocols from preeminent authorities provides readers with an instructive primer and a springboard for ongoing clinical research education Clear, comprehensive three-part organization: Section One: Evolution of Clinical Research offers a succinct history of clinical trials, drug regulations, and the role of the FDA while covering the impact of information technology and academic research organizations Section Two: Principles of Clinical Experimentation takes you through the typical phases of clinical trials in the development of medical products, from initial human subject research to postapproval surveillance studies Section Three: Observational Research highlights the underlying principles, pitfalls, and methods for case-control studies, cohort studies, registries, and subgroup analyses within randomized trials |
| clinical vs basic science research: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Peter Shiromani, Terrence Keane, Joseph E. LeDoux, 2009-03-06 Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric illness that can occur in anyone who has experienced a life-threatening or violent event. The trauma can be due to war, terrorism, torture, natural disasters, violence, or rape. In PTSD the brain areas that are likely to be affected are the hippocampus (memory), amygdala (fear association), the prefrontal cortex (cognitive processing), and the ascending reticular activating system (arousal). The chemical of interest is norepinephrine, which is released during a stressful event and is part of the fight-or-flight response meant to mobilize the body to action.The objective of this title is to outline the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder and provide treatment strategies for clinicians. The chapter material from this book has evolved from a seminar on PTSD held recently under the auspices of the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. We propose a book that will focus on the epidemiology, neurobiology, MRI studies, animal models, arousal and sleep issues, clinical trials, and treatment strategies for clinicians. Treatment will cover such topics as guidelines for treating posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD and the use of mental health services, cognitive intervention therapy, and large scale clinical trials in PTSD. This collection will be a vital source of information to clinicians and neuroscientists. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Clinical and Translational Science David Robertson, Gordon H. Williams, 2016-11-25 Clinical and Translational Science: Principles of Human Research, Second Edition, is the most authoritative and timely resource for the broad range of investigators taking on the challenge of clinical and translational science, a field that is devoted to investigating human health and disease, interventions, and outcomes for the purposes of developing new treatment approaches, devices, and modalities to improve health. This updated second edition has been prepared with an international perspective, beginning with fundamental principles, experimental design, epidemiology, traditional and new biostatistical approaches, and investigative tools. It presents complete instruction and guidance from fundamental principles, approaches, and infrastructure, especially for human genetics and genomics, human pharmacology, research in special populations, the societal context of human research, and the future of human research. The book moves on to discuss legal, social, and ethical issues, and concludes with a discussion of future prospects, providing readers with a comprehensive view of this rapidly developing area of science. Introduces novel physiological and therapeutic strategies for engaging the fastest growing scientific field in both the private sector and academic medicine Brings insights from international leaders into the discipline of clinical and translational science Addresses drug discovery, drug repurposing and development, innovative and improved approaches to go/no-go decisions in drug development, and traditional and innovative clinical trial designs |
| clinical vs basic science research: Cancer Craig A. Almeida, Sheila A. Barry, 2011-08-26 “... Useful background information is displayed in blue boxes, and good use is made of numerous tables and diagrams... a useful book for the undergraduate medical or allied health professional...” –Oncology News, May/June 2010 This forward looking cancer biology book appeals to a wide ranging audience. Introductory chapters that provide the molecular, cellular, and genetic information needed to comprehend the material of the subsequent chapters bring unprepared students up to speed for the rest of the book and serve as a useful refresher for those with previous biology background. The second set of chapters focuses on the main cancers in terms of risk factors, diagnostic and treatment methods and relevant current research. The final section encompasses the immune system’s role in the prevention and development of cancer and the impact that the Human Genome Project will have on future approaches to cancer care. While best suited to non-majors cancer biology courses, the depth provided satisfies courses that combine both majors and non-majors. Also, and deliberately, the authors have incorporated relevant information on diagnosis and treatment options that lend appeal to the lay reader. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Principles of Research Methodology Phyllis G. Supino, Jeffrey S. Borer, 2012-06-22 Principles of Research Methodology: A Guide for Clinical Investigators is the definitive, comprehensive guide to understanding and performing clinical research. Designed for medical students, physicians, basic scientists involved in translational research, and other health professionals, this indispensable reference also addresses the unique challenges and demands of clinical research and offers clear guidance in becoming a more successful member of a medical research team and critical reader of the medical research literature. The book covers the entire research process, beginning with the conception of the research problem to publication of findings. Principles of Research Methodology: A Guide for Clinical Investigators comprehensively and concisely presents concepts in a manner that is relevant and engaging to read. The text combines theory and practical application to familiarize the reader with the logic of research design and hypothesis construction, the importance of research planning, the ethical basis of human subjects research, the basics of writing a clinical research protocol and scientific paper, the logic and techniques of data generation and management, and the fundamentals and implications of various sampling techniques and alternative statistical methodologies. Organized in thirteen easy to read chapters, the text emphasizes the importance of clearly-defined research questions and well-constructed hypothesis (reinforced throughout the various chapters) for informing methods and in guiding data interpretation. Written by prominent medical scientists and methodologists who have extensive personal experience in biomedical investigation and in teaching key aspects of research methodology to medical students, physicians and other health professionals, the authors expertly integrate theory with examples and employ language that is clear and useful for a general medical audience. A major contribution to the methodology literature, Principles of Research Methodology: A Guide for Clinical Investigators is an authoritative resource for all individuals who perform research, plan to perform it, or wish to understand it better. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information: The HIPAA Privacy Rule, 2009-03-24 In the realm of health care, privacy protections are needed to preserve patients' dignity and prevent possible harms. Ten years ago, to address these concerns as well as set guidelines for ethical health research, Congress called for a set of federal standards now known as the HIPAA Privacy Rule. In its 2009 report, Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule: Enhancing Privacy, Improving Health Through Research, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information concludes that the HIPAA Privacy Rule does not protect privacy as well as it should, and that it impedes important health research. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Clinical Epidemiology R. Brian Haynes, 2012-03-29 The Third Edition of this popular text focuses on clinical-practice research methods. It is written by clinicians with experience in generating and answering researchable questions about real-world clinical practice and health care—the prevention, treatment, diagnosis, prognosis, and causes of diseases, the measurement of quality of life, and the effects of innovations in health services. The book has a problem-oriented and protocol-based approach and is written at an introductory level, emphasizing key principles and their applications. A bound-in CD-ROM contains the full text of the book to help the reader locate needed information. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Surgery Jeffrey Norton, Philip S. Barie, Ralph R. Bollinger, Alfred E. Chang, Stephen Lowry, Sean J. Mulvihill, Harvey I. Pass, Robert W. Thompson, 2009-04-21 Much anticipated, the Second Edition of Surgery: Basic Science and Clinical Evidence features fully revised and updated information on the evidence-based practice of surgery, including significant new sections on trauma and critical care and the often challenging surgical care of unique populations, including elderly, pediatric, immunocompromised, and obese patients as well as timely new chapters on the pre- and post-operative care of the cardiac surgery patient, intestinal transplantation, surgical infections, the fundamentals of cancer genetics and proteomics. Also new to this edition are discussions of electrosurgical instruments, robotics, imaging modalities, and other emerging technologies influencing the modern practice of surgery. Clinically focused sections in gastrointestinal, vascular, cardiothoracic, transplant, and cancer surgery enable the surgeon to make decisions based upon the most relevant data in modern surgical practice. The text is enhanced by more than 1,000 illustrations and hundreds of the signature evidence-based tables that made the first edition of SURGERY an instant classic. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine Veli-Pekka Parkkinen, Christian Wallmann, Michael Wilde, Brendan Clarke, Phyllis Illari, Michael P Kelly, Charles Norell, Federica Russo, Beth Shaw, Jon Williamson, 2018-07-13 This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Transforming Clinical Research in the United States Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation, 2010-10-22 An ideal health care system relies on efficiently generating timely, accurate evidence to deliver on its promise of diminishing the divide between clinical practice and research. There are growing indications, however, that the current health care system and the clinical research that guides medical decisions in the United States falls far short of this vision. The process of generating medical evidence through clinical trials in the United States is expensive and lengthy, includes a number of regulatory hurdles, and is based on a limited infrastructure. The link between clinical research and medical progress is also frequently misunderstood or unsupported by both patients and providers. The focus of clinical research changes as diseases emerge and new treatments create cures for old conditions. As diseases evolve, the ultimate goal remains to speed new and improved medical treatments to patients throughout the world. To keep pace with rapidly changing health care demands, clinical research resources need to be organized and on hand to address the numerous health care questions that continually emerge. Improving the overall capacity of the clinical research enterprise will depend on ensuring that there is an adequate infrastructure in place to support the investigators who conduct research, the patients with real diseases who volunteer to participate in experimental research, and the institutions that organize and carry out the trials. To address these issues and better understand the current state of clinical research in the United States, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held a 2-day workshop entitled Transforming Clinical Research in the United States. The workshop, summarized in this volume, laid the foundation for a broader initiative of the Forum addressing different aspects of clinical research. Future Forum plans include further examining regulatory, administrative, and structural barriers to the effective conduct of clinical research; developing a vision for a stable, continuously funded clinical research infrastructure in the United States; and considering strategies and collaborative activities to facilitate more robust public engagement in the clinical research enterprise. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Designing Clinical Research Stephen B. Hulley, Steven R. Cummings, Warren S. Browner, Deborah G. Grady, Thomas B. Newman, 2011-11-30 Designing Clinical Research sets the standard for providing a practical guide to planning, tabulating, formulating, and implementing clinical research, with an easy-to-read, uncomplicated presentation. This edition incorporates current research methodology—including molecular and genetic clinical research—and offers an updated syllabus for conducting a clinical research workshop. Emphasis is on common sense as the main ingredient of good science. The book explains how to choose well-focused research questions and details the steps through all the elements of study design, data collection, quality assurance, and basic grant-writing. All chapters have been thoroughly revised, updated, and made more user-friendly. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Fundamentals of Clinical Trials Lawrence M. Friedman, Curt Furberg, David L. DeMets, 1998 This classic reference, now updated with the newest applications and results, addresses the fundamentals of such trials based on sound scientific methodology, statistical principles, and years of accumulated experience by the three authors. |
| clinical vs basic science research: The National Institute of General Medical Sciences National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.), 1993 |
| clinical vs basic science research: PEGylated Protein Drugs: Basic Science and Clinical Applications Francesco M. Veronese, 2009-12-30 PEGylation technology and key applications are introduced by this topical volume. Basic physical and chemical properties of PEG as basis for altering/improving in vivo behaviour of PEG-conjugates such as increased stability, improved PK/PD, and decreased immunogenicity, are discussed. Furthermore, chemical and enzymatic strategies for the coupling and the conjugate characterization are reported. Following chapters describe approved and marketed PEG-proteins and PEG-oligonucleotides as well as conjugates in various stages of clinical development. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Methods Handbook for Clinical Orthopaedic Research Volker Musahl, Jón Karlsson, Michael T. Hirschmann, Olufemi R. Ayeni, Robert G. Marx, Jason L. Koh, Norimasa Nakamura, 2019-02-01 This book is designed to meet the needs of both novice and senior researchers in Orthopaedics by providing the essential, clinically relevant knowledge on research methodology that is sometimes overlooked during training. Readers will find a wealth of easy-to-understand information on all relevant aspects, from protocol design, the fundamentals of statistics, and the use of computer-based tools through to the performance of clinical studies with different levels of evidence, multicenter studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and economic health care studies. A key feature is a series of typical case examples that will facilitate use of the volume as a handbook for most common research approaches and study types. Younger researchers will also appreciate the guidance on preparation of abstracts, poster and paper presentations, grant applications, and publications. The authors are internationally renowned orthopaedic surgeons with extensive research experience and the book is published in collaboration with ISAKOS. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Filaggrin Jacob P. Thyssen, Howard I. Maibach, 2014-05-27 Filaggrin gene mutations are common in Europeans and their descendants, as well as in Asians, reaching a prevalence of up to 10%. Filaggrin proteins are crucial for skin homeostasis as their metabolites maintain skin hydration, keep the skin pH low, and provide protection against solar radiation. FLG mutation carriers suffer from dry and scaly skin and have an increased transfer of allergens and chemicals across the epidermis. Moreover, they have 10% higher serum vitamin D levels, potentially affecting the propensity to develop other diseases. FLG loss-of-function mutations represent the strongest risk factor hitherto discovered for atopic dermatitis and are major predisposing factors for related asthma and hay fever. This textbook provides comprehensive and detailed coverage of the effects of FLG mutations in health and disease (cutaneous and non-cutaneous) and also discusses the basic science, epidemiology, management, and future research areas. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Pulmonary Hypertension Bradley A. Maron, Roham T. Zamanian, Aaron B. Waxman, 2015-11-02 This book provides the framework for a singular reference in the field of pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary vascular disease is a complex and heterogeneous condition characterized by remodeling of distal pulmonary arterioles that increases pulmonary vascular resistance to affect cardiopulmonary hemodynamic and right ventricular function adversely, resulting in a clinical syndrome of diminished exercise tolerance, shortness of breath, and heart failure-associated morbidity and mortality. Owing to the availability of novel pulmonary circulation-selective pharmacotherapies over the previous decade, the number of pulmonary hypertension patients eligible for treatment has increased substantially. Despite this progress, under-awareness persists within the practicing pulmonary, cardiovascular, and general internal medicine communities. This is due, in part, to the complex array of molecular mechanisms implicated in the pathobiology of PH, as well as cutting-edge discoveries from translational scientific works that provide a new framework by which to understand pulmonary vascular-right ventricular coupling. Taken together, a key educational opportunity is exposed to bridge this knowledge gap through the synthesis of a contemporary text that emphasizes basic science, translational and clinical principles, and treatment strategies for understanding pulmonary hypertension. |
| clinical vs basic science research: The Basic Science of Oncology Ian Tannock, 2005 This concise text examines cancer causation and biology as well as the biology underlying cancer treatment. Thoroughly updated and reorganized with five new chapters, the Fourth Edition emphasizes new development in molecular biology, hormone therapy, and the pharmacology of anti-cancer drugs. Features updated coverage of the basic science of radiotherapy and experimental radiation in addition to expansive coverage of new drugs developments. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Core Clinical Cases in Basic Biomedical Science Samy Azer, 2012-11-26 Core Clinical Cases guides you to think of the patient as a whole, rather than as a sequence of unconnected symptoms. With its practical approach strongly linked to underlying theory, the series integrates your knowledge with the realities of managing clinical problems, and provides a basis for developing problem-solving skills. The core areas of u |
| clinical vs basic science research: Orthopaedic Basic Science: Foundations of Clinical Practice Regis J. O'Keefe, Joshua J. Jacobs, Constance R. Chu, Thomas A. Einhorn, 2018-05-16 Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Build your Foundation of Basic Science – from Research to Clinical Application A great tool for MOC preparation! A 'must have' for residency! This fourth edition, developed in a partnership between the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and the Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS), is your concise and clinically relevant resource for the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases and conditions. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Principles of Clinical Research and Methodology SK Gupta, 2007-05-30 |
| clinical vs basic science research: Basic Methods Of Medical Research, 2/Ed. Abhaya Indrayan, 2006 |
| clinical vs basic science research: Essential Evidence-Based Medicine Dan Mayer, 2004-06-17 This is an ideal introductory text on Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) for medical students and all health-care professionals. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection: Epidemiology, Prevention, Clinical, and Basic Science Research Cheng Wang, Jason Ong, Weiming Tang, 2023-04-04 |
| clinical vs basic science research: Oxford Handbook of Clinical and Healthcare Research Sumantra Ray, Sue Fitzpatrick, Rajna Golubic, Susan Fisher, 2016 This handbook is a definitive, up-to-date, and succinct text covering the legislative requirements, scientific foundations, and clinical good practice necessary for clinical, academic, and healthcare research. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Clinical Research in Communication Disorders M. N. Hegde, Anthony P. Salvatore, 2019-03-06 This thoroughly updated fourth edition of Clinical Research in Communication Disorders: Principles and Strategies remains an instrumental resource for courses on research methods and design in communication disorders. The book is separated into three key sections: science and the scientific methods, clinical research designs, and doing, reporting, and evaluating research. Together, these sections provide thorough coverage of both the single-subject and group design strategies along with issues of measurement; philosophy of science; ethics of research; and planning, conducting, and reporting research. Instructors and students in communication sciences and disorders will appreciate the text's comprehensive coverage of scientific methods, group and single-subject research designs, report writing, and ethics of research in a single source. New to the Fourth EditionNew coauthor, Anthony P. Salvatore, PhDA new chapter on statistical analysis of research data, including several statistical techniques for single-subject research data, meta-analysis of both group and single-subject studiesUpdated criteria for visual analysis of single-subject research dataNew sections on translational research, qualitative research, and mixed methods researchDescriptions of additional research designs not included in the previous edition (e.g., the regression discontinuity design)Updated information on research ethics and review of fraudulent biomedical researchWeb-based sources that monitor research fraud and recalled studiesUpdated and expanded references throughoutKey FeaturesChapter outlines open each chapter and provide a summary of the key topicsChapter summaries recap key points in an easy-to-read bulleted formatEnd-of-chapter study guides allow readers to test their knowledgeBolded key terms throughoutDisclaimer: Please note that ancillary content (such as documents, audio, and video, etc.) may not be included as published in the original print version of this book. |
| clinical vs basic science research: Smith and Tanagho's General Urology, 19th Edition Jack W. McAninch, Tom F. Lue, 2020-03-27 The definitive guide to understanding, diagnosing, and treating urologic disorders – now in full color for the first time! A Doody's Core Title for 2023! Smith & Tanagho’s General Urology, Nineteenth Edition offers a complete overview of the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases and disorders managed by urologic surgeons. This trusted classic delivers a clear, concise presentation of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical findings, differential diagnosis, and medical and surgical treatment of all major urologic conditions. The well-organized, user-friendly design makes relevant clinical information and management guidelines easy to find and simple to implement. NEW full-color presentation High-yield descriptions of the latest diagnostic modalities and management protocols More than 1,000 illustrations and figures, including CT scans, radionuclide imaging scans, and x-rays NEW chapters on female urology and pediatric urology Ideal for residents and medical students who require a concise and comprehensive reference Great for board preparation |
| clinical vs basic science research: The Price of Motherhood Ann Crittenden, 2010-11-23 THE 10TH ANNIVERSARY EDITION OF THE NATIONAL BESTSELLER THAT CHANGED AMERICA'S VIEW OF MOTHERHOOD In the pathbreaking tradition of Backlash and The Second Shift, this provocative book shows how mothers are systematically disadvantaged and made dependent by a society that exploits those who perform its most critical work. Drawing on hundreds of interviews and research in economics, history, child development, and law, Ann Crittenden proves definitively that although women have been liberated, mothers have not. Bold, galvanizing, and full of innovative solutions, The Price of Motherhood was listed by the Chicago Tribune as one of the Top Ten Feminist Literary Works since the publication of Betty Friedan's Feminine Mystique. This bracing call to arms (Elle) offers a much-needed accounting of the price that mothers pay for performing the most important job in the world. |
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Clinical trials have been the bedrock of research to evaluate the safety and …
Translational Research, Bridgin…
Phase 1 translation (T1) research seeks to move basic discovery into a candidate …
Defining Translational Rese…
In this article, the authors posit that translational research fosters the …
"Clinical Science Model" in: The Enc…
Proponents of the CS model believe that it ofers clinical psychology the advantage …
Clinical Trials Overview: From Explanatory to Pragmatic …
Clinical trials have been the bedrock of research to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new medical, surgical, or other interventions. Traditional “explanatory” clinical trials have aimed to …
Translational Research, Bridging the Gap Between Clinical …
Phase 1 translation (T1) research seeks to move basic discovery into a candidate health discovery Phase 2 translation (T2) research assesses the value of T1 application for health practice …
Defining Translational Research: Implications for Training
In this article, the authors posit that translational research fosters the multidirectional and multidisciplinary integration of basic research, patient-oriented research, and population-based …
"Clinical Science Model" in: The Encyclopedia of Clinical …
Proponents of the CS model believe that it ofers clinical psychology the advantage of an objective, empirical, proven framework for making genuine and steady progress toward the field’s twin …
Clinical Vs Basic Science Research - origin-biomed.waters
clinical vs basic science research: Principles and Practice of Clinical Research John I. Gallin, Frederick P Ognibene, 2011-04-28 The second edition of this innovative work again provides a …
Basic vs clinical - arXiv.org
In particular, substantial differences are revealed between basic and diagnostic research areas on the one hand and clinical intervention research areas on the other hand. Implications of the …
Basic Science Focus Forum - ota.org
This course will involve 6 main symposia specifically designed to ‘bridge the gap’ between basic science and clinical practice, in addition to 29 original research papers from the cutting edge of …
Common Statistical Pitfalls in Basic Science Research
most statistical reviewers are more comfortable with clinical study design than with basic science research. Consequently, there are multiple reasons why the statistical analysis of basic …
Should basic science matter to clinicians? - The Lancet
Should basic science matter to clinicians? We have observed declining interest in discovery science by our medical colleagues. Across a range of top medical journals, the number of …
Translational research: understanding the continuum from …
We pro-pose a novel model called The Biomedical Translation Continuum to describe and understand the process of taking basic science findings to public health interven-tions. …
NIH-Funded Basic Experimental Studies with Humans …
These studies fall within the NIH definition research necessitated additional of a clinical trial and also meet the definition of basic research. Types of studies that should submit under. Meets …
Advancing Translation of Clinical Research Into Practice and …
describe the gap in translating research findings into clinical practice, introduce translational and implementation science, and describe the principles and practices from implementation …
Correlative Studies in Clinical Trials - Queen's U
• In 1997 a Correlative Science/ Tumour Bank Committee was convened to bring together pathologists, basic and clinical scientists, statisticians, epidemiologists to explore the concept …
Introduction to Implementation Science – Lecture 1B
Involves the scientific study of implementation processes and the contextual factors that affect them. Helps identify the most efficient and cost-effective methods of implementation. …
Basic Science Vs Clinical Research - timehelper-beta.orases
basic science vs clinical research: Principles and Practice of Clinical Research John I. Gallin, Frederick P Ognibene, 2011-04-28 The second edition of this innovative work again provides a …
Collaboration between Basic and Clinical Scientists
Collaboration between basic and clinical scientists would not only raise the profile of the institution, creating high impact and meaningful research, but would also attract diverse talent …
The Science and Significance of Clinical Investigation
Clinical investigation, at the intersection of medicine and research, constitutes a critical phase in advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. It encompasses a wide range of …
BASIC SCIENCE FOCUS FORUM - ota.org
This course will involve six main symposia specifically designed to ‘bridge the gap’ between basic science and clinical practice, in addition to 29 original research papers from the cutting edge of …
IRB SOP Social Behavioral vs Biomedical Research
Feb 15, 2023 · Social and behavioral and biomedical research are two distinct fields of research that differ in their focus, methodology, and goals.
What is Biomedical Research? - Health Professions Advising
Biomedical research generally takes two forms: basic science and applied research. Basic biomedical research is the quest for knowledge about how organisms and pathogens function. …
