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| brain on a chip technology: Biochip Technology Jing Cheng, Larry J. Kricka, 2003-09-02 Biochip technology has experienced explosive growth in recent years and Biochip technology describes the basic manufacturing and fabrication processes and the current range of applications of these chips. Top scientists from the biochip industry and related areas explain the diverse applications of biochips in gene sequencing, expression monitoring, disease diagnosis, tumor examination, ligand assay and drug discovery. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Pentagon's Brain Annie Jacobsen, 2015-09-15 Discover the definitive history of DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, in this Pulitzer Prize finalist from the author of the New York Times bestseller Area 51. No one has ever written the history of the Defense Department's most secret, most powerful, and most controversial military science R&D agency. In the first-ever history about the organization, New York Times bestselling author Annie Jacobsen draws on inside sources, exclusive interviews, private documents, and declassified memos to paint a picture of DARPA, or the Pentagon's brain, from its Cold War inception in 1958 to the present. This is the book on DARPA -- a compelling narrative about this clandestine intersection of science and the American military and the often frightening results. |
| brain on a chip technology: Organ-on-a-chip Julia Hoeng, David Bovard, Manuel C. Peitsch, 2019-11-09 Organ-on-a-Chip: Engineered Microenvironments for Safety and Efficacy Testing contains chapters from world-leading researchers in the field of organ on a chip development and applications, with perspectives from life sciences, medicine, physiology and engineering. The book contains an overview of the field, with sections covering the major organ systems and currently available technologies, platforms and methods. As readers may also be interested in creating biochips, materials and engineering best practice, these topics are also described. Users will learn about the limitations of 2D in-vitro models and the available 3D in-vitro models (what benefits they offer and some examples). Finally, the MOC section shows how the organ on a chip technology can be adapted to improve the physiology of in-vitro models. - Includes case studies of other organs on a chip that have been developed and successfully used - Provides insights into functional microphysiological organ on a chip platforms for toxicity and efficacy testing, along with opportunities for translational medicine - Presented fields (PK/PD, physiology, medicine, safety) are given a definition followed by the challenges and potential of organs on a chip |
| brain on a chip technology: GLOBAL BRAIN CHIP & MESOGENS Dr Hildegarde Staninger (R) Riet-1, 2016-11-29 It has been predicted by Computer Scientist that within the next twenty years neural interfaces will be designed that will not only increase the power of the humans senses that includes the enhancement of memory and enable one to have a cyberlink - invisible (wireless) communication with others.There will be a tremendous ethical burden placed upon all of humanity to evaluate the comprehensive issues of safety, informed consent, manufacturer's and scientific comunities global responsibility as well as the future for the implanted being. A time for the reflection of what is the term Doing No Harm really mean to mankind as issues of privacy and autonomy become a focal point of life as well as carcinogenic agents entering the brain.Global Brain Chip and Mesogens by Dr. Hildegarde Staninger(r), RIET-1 documents the scientific investigation process of chemical analysis and advanced materials compositions in determining the chemical finger print of a Brain Chip. A first of its kind as it will become the pioneering text on this subject matter. Dr. Hildegarde Staninger is an Industrial Toxicologist/IH and Doctor of Integrative Medicine. She has authored other books and articles in the applied sciences and engineering, occupational health and safety, and environment as well as the creative arts and educational study guides for occupational certification programs. |
| brain on a chip technology: Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology P.V. Mohanan, 2024-06-18 Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology focuses on the technology advancement from organ-on-a-chip to multi organs-on-a-chip to the newest stage of human organs-on-a-chip. Chapters investigate the design, simulation studies, device development and application of microfluidic systems. They also offer expert perspectives on the development of an alternative test system in the biological evaluation of drugs, cosmetics, chemicals, medical devices and many others. Lastly, the book addresses issues related to the development of microfluidic devices and alternative test systems in biological and biomedical research. - Explores organs-on-a-chip technology, from the basics, to advanced developments and existing challenges and recent research trends and applications - Reviews every aspect of microfluidic devices, including biological evaluation and targeted delivery - Includes the latest information on regulatory updates |
| brain on a chip technology: Organ-on-a-Chip Marco Rasponi, 2022-09-29 This book provides a collection of microphysiological systems employed for chemical/drug screening and strategies to mimic various physiological conditions. Chapters guide readers through Organ-on-a-Chip( OoC) platforms such as liver, intestine, blood-brain barrier, kidney, vessels, cardiac and skeletal muscles, articular joint, human fat. Additional chapters detail microfabrication technologies used to fabricate OoC devices such as, standard photo- and soft-lithography, techniques to fabricate membranes, and industrial-oriented fabrication methods.Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Organ-On-a Chip: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful practical guide to researches to help further their study in this field. |
| brain on a chip technology: Lab-on-a-Chip Fabrication and Application Margarita Stoytcheva, Roumen Zlatev, 2016-06-29 The necessity of on-site, fast, sensitive, and cheap complex laboratory analysis, associated with the advances in the microfabrication technologies and the microfluidics, made it possible for the creation of the innovative device lab-on-a-chip (LOC), by which we would be able to scale a single or multiple laboratory processes down to a chip format. The present book is dedicated to the LOC devices from two points of view: LOC fabrication and LOC application. |
| brain on a chip technology: Uberveillance and the Social Implications of Microchip Implants: Emerging Technologies Michael, M.G., 2013-09-30 This book presents case studies, literature reviews, ethnographies, and frameworks supporting the emerging technologies of RFID implants while also highlighting the current and predicted social implications of human-centric technologies--Provided by publisher. |
| brain on a chip technology: Discovering the Brain National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine, Sandra Ackerman, 1992-01-01 The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the Decade of the Brain by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a field guide to the brainâ€an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€and how a gut feeling actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the Decade of the Brain, with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€and many scientists as wellâ€with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the Decade of the Brain. |
| brain on a chip technology: Brain-Computer Interfacing Rajesh P. N. Rao, 2013-09-30 The idea of interfacing minds with machines has long captured the human imagination. Recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are making this a reality, opening the door to restoration and augmentation of human physical and mental capabilities. Medical applications such as cochlear implants for the deaf and neurally controlled prosthetic limbs for the paralyzed are becoming almost commonplace. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are also increasingly being used in security, lie detection, alertness monitoring, telepresence, gaming, education, art, and human augmentation. This introduction to the field is designed as a textbook for upper-level undergraduate and first-year graduate courses in neural engineering or brain-computer interfacing for students from a wide range of disciplines. It can also be used for self-study and as a reference by neuroscientists, computer scientists, engineers, and medical practitioners. Key features include questions and exercises in each chapter and a supporting website. |
| brain on a chip technology: Higher Intelligence Peter Aj Van Der Made, 2013 This book describes historical and current research into artificial intelligence. It focuses on the limitations imposed by hardware and software, and approaches inspired by the nature of human brains. |
| brain on a chip technology: Wired for Thought Jeffrey M. Stibel, Erik Calonius, Peter Delgrosso, 2009 The Internet is more than just a series of interconnected computer networks: it's the first real replication of the human brain outside the human body. To leverage its power, you first need to understand how the Internet has evolved to take on similarities to the brain. This engaging and provocative book provides the answer. |
| brain on a chip technology: Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering National Academy of Engineering, 2004-09-02 Engineers and ethicists participated in a workshop to discuss the responsible development of new technologies. Presenters examined four areas of engineering-sustainability, nanotechnology, neurotechnology, and energy-in terms of the ethical issues they present to engineers in particular and society as a whole. Approaches to ethical issues include: analyzing the factual, conceptual, application, and moral aspects of an issue; evaluating the risks and responsibilities of a particular course of action; and using theories of ethics or codes of ethics developed by engineering societies as a basis for decision making. Ethics can be built into the education of engineering students and professionals, either as an aspect of courses already being taught or as a component of engineering projects to be examined along with research findings. Engineering practice workshops can also be effective, particularly when they include discussions with experienced engineers. This volume includes papers on all of these topics by experts in many fields. The consensus among workshop participants is that material on ethics should be an ongoing part of engineering education and engineering practice. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Singularity Is Near Ray Kurzweil, 2005-09-22 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • Celebrated futurist Ray Kurzweil, hailed by Bill Gates as “the best person I know at predicting the future of artificial intelligence,” presents an “elaborate, smart, and persuasive” (The Boston Globe) view of the future course of human development. “Artfully envisions a breathtakingly better world.”—Los Angeles Times “Startling in scope and bravado.”—Janet Maslin, The New York Times “An important book.”—The Philadelphia Inquirer At the onset of the twenty-first century, humanity stands on the verge of the most transforming and thrilling period in its history. It will be an era in which the very nature of what it means to be human will be both enriched and challenged as our species breaks the shackles of its genetic legacy and achieves inconceivable heights of intelligence, material progress, and longevity. While the social and philosophical ramifications of these changes will be profound, and the threats they pose considerable, The Singularity Is Near presents a radical and optimistic view of the coming age that is both a dramatic culmination of centuries of technological ingenuity and a genuinely inspiring vision of our ultimate destiny. |
| brain on a chip technology: The NeuroProcessor Yevgeny Perelman, Ran Ginosar, 2008-08-20 Understanding brain structure and principles of operation is one of the major challengesofmodernscience.SincetheexperimentsbyGalvanionfrogmuscle contraction in 1792, it is known that electrical impulses lie at the core of the brain activity. The technology of neuro-electronic interfacing, besides its importance for neurophysiological research, has also clinical potential, so called neuropr- thetics. Sensory prostheses are intended to feed sensory data into patient’s brain by means of neurostimulation. Cochlear prostheses [1] are one example of sensory prostheses that are already used in patients. Retinal prostheses are currently under research [2]. Recent neurophysiological experiments [3, 4] show that brain signals recorded from motor cortex carry information regarding the movement of subject’s limbs (Fig. 1.1). These signals can be further used to control ext- nal machines [4] that will replace missing limbs, opening the ?eld of motor prosthetics, devices that will restore lost limbs or limb control. Fig. 1.1. Robotic arm controlled by monkey motor cortex signals. MotorLab, U- versity of Pittsburgh. Prof Andy Schwartz, U. Pitt 2 1 Introduction Another group of prostheses would provide treatment for brain diseases, such as prevention of epileptic seizure or the control of tremor associated with Parkinson disease [5]. Brain implants for treatment of Epilepsy and Parkinson symptoms (Fig. 1.2) are already available commercially [6, 7]. Fig. 1.2. Implantable device for Epilepsy seizures treatment [7]. Cyberonics, Inc. |
| brain on a chip technology: Advances in Network Electrophysiology Makoto Taketani, Michel Baudry, 2006-11-22 Advances in Network Electrophysiology: Using Multi Electrode Arrays explores methods for using electrophysiological techniques for monitoring the concurrent activity of ensembles of single neurons. It reviews the recent progress in both electronics and computational tools developed to analyze the functional operations of large ensembles of neurons using multi-electrode arrays and in vitro preparations. In addition, it gives readers a sense of the applications made possible by these technological tools. This volume is the reference for researchers, industry, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in all areas of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, pharmaceutical science, and bioengineering. |
| brain on a chip technology: Indwelling Neural Implants William M. Reichert, 2007-12-17 Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel |
| brain on a chip technology: Drug Delivery to the Brain Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes, Elizabeth C.M. de Lange, Robert G. Thorne, 2013-12-03 The development of new CNS drugs is notoriously difficult. Drugs must reach CNS target sites for action and these sites are protected by a number of barriers, the most important being the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Many factors are therefore critical to consider for CNS drug delivery, e.g. active/passive transport across the BBB, intra-brain distribution, and central/systemic pharmacokinetics, to name a few. Neurological disease and trauma conditions add further complexity because CNS barriers, drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are dynamic and often changed by disease/trauma. Knowledge of all these factors and their interplay in different conditions is of utmost importance for proper CNS drug development and disease treatment. In recent years much information has become available for a better understanding of the many factors important for CNS drug delivery and how they interact to affect drug action. This book describes small and large drug delivery to the brain with an emphasis on the physiology of the BBB and the principles and concepts for drug delivery across the BBB and distribution within the brain. It contains methods descriptions for studying drug delivery, routes and approaches of administering drugs into the brain, the influence of disease, and drug industry perspectives. Therewith, it contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interplay between brain (patho)-physiology and drug characteristics. Furthermore, the content is designed to be both cutting-edge and educational, so that the book can be used in high-level training of academic and industry scientists with full references to original publications. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) R. J. Hemalatha, D. Akila, D. Balaganesh, Anand Paul, 2022-03-29 INTERNET OF MEDICAL THINGS (IOMT) Providing an essential addition to the reference material available in the field of IoMT, this timely publication covers a range of applied research on healthcare, biomedical data mining, and the security and privacy of health records. With their ability to collect, analyze and transmit health data, IoMT tools are rapidly changing healthcare delivery. For patients and clinicians, these applications are playing a central part in tracking and preventing chronic illnesses — and they are poised to evolve the future of care. In this book, the authors explore the potential applications of a wave of sensor-based tools—including wearables and stand-alone devices for remote patient monitoring—and the marriage of internet-connected medical devices with patient information that ultimately sets the IoMT ecosystem apart. This book demonstrates the connectivity between medical devices and sensors is streamlining clinical workflow management and leading to an overall improvement in patient care, both inside care facilities and in remote locations. |
| brain on a chip technology: NANO-CHIPS 2030 Boris Murmann, Bernd Hoefflinger, 2020-06-08 In this book, a global team of experts from academia, research institutes and industry presents their vision on how new nano-chip architectures will enable the performance and energy efficiency needed for AI-driven advancements in autonomous mobility, healthcare, and man-machine cooperation. Recent reviews of the status quo, as presented in CHIPS 2020 (Springer), have prompted the need for an urgent reassessment of opportunities in nanoelectronic information technology. As such, this book explores the foundations of a new era in nanoelectronics that will drive progress in intelligent chip systems for energy-efficient information technology, on-chip deep learning for data analytics, and quantum computing. Given its scope, this book provides a timely compendium that hopes to inspire and shape the future of nanoelectronics in the decades to come. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Aging Mind National Research Council, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging, 2000-04-18 Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research. |
| brain on a chip technology: How to Build a Brain Chris Eliasmith, 2013-04-16 How to Build a Brain provides a detailed exploration of a new cognitive architecture - the Semantic Pointer Architecture - that takes biological detail seriously, while addressing cognitive phenomena. Topics ranging from semantics and syntax, to neural coding and spike-timing-dependent plasticity are integrated to develop the world's largest functional brain model. |
| brain on a chip technology: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 1968 |
| brain on a chip technology: Smart Machines John Kelly III, Steve Hamm, 2013-10-15 We are crossing a new frontier in the evolution of computing and entering the era of cognitive systems. The victory of IBMÕs Watson on the television quiz show Jeopardy! revealed how scientists and engineers at IBM and elsewhere are pushing the boundaries of science and technology to create machines that sense, learn, reason, and interact with people in new ways to provide insight and advice. In Smart Machines, John E. Kelly III, director of IBM Research, and Steve Hamm, a writer at IBM and a former business and technology journalist, introduce the fascinating world of Òcognitive systemsÓ to general audiences and provide a window into the future of computing. Cognitive systems promise to penetrate complexity and assist people and organizations in better decision making. They can help doctors evaluate and treat patients, augment the ways we see, anticipate major weather events, and contribute to smarter urban planning. Kelly and HammÕs comprehensive perspective describes this technology inside and out and explains how it will help us conquer the harnessing and understanding of Òbig data,Ó one of the major computing challenges facing businesses and governments in the coming decades. Absorbing and impassioned, their book will inspire governments, academics, and the global tech industry to work together to power this exciting wave in innovation. |
| brain on a chip technology: Microelectronic Implants for Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Overview of Circuit and System Technology Morris (Ming-Dou) Ker, Takashi Tokuda, Alexandre Schmid, 2022-01-11 Professor Ker is on the Board of Amazingneuron. The Other Topic Editors Declare no Competing Interests With Regards to the Research Topic Theme. |
| brain on a chip technology: Biofabrication Gulden Camci-Unal, Pinar Zorlutuna, Ali Khademhosseini, 2013-03-18 Microscale hydrogels are potentially useful materials for controlling cellular behavior to mimic native microenvironments for tissue engineering applications. In this chapter, various fabrication techniques to generate microscale hydrogels and their applications in tissue engineering have been outlined. In addition, we provide examples of microscale hydrogels with different physical and chemical properties for generation of tissue constructs. Finally, we discuss potential future directions in fabrication of hydrogels to address challenges in tissue engineering. It is expected that these techniques will enable engineering of three-dimensional (3D) structures with controlled features for the formation of functional tissues and organs. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Blood-brain Barrier in Health and Disease Anthony J. Suckling, M. G. Rumsby, Michael William Blackburn Bradbury, 1986 |
| brain on a chip technology: The Age of Em Robin Hanson, 2016 Robots may one day rule the world, but what is a robot-ruled Earth like? Many think that the first truly smart robots will be brain emulations or ems. Robin Hanson draws on decades of expertise in economics, physics, and computer science to paint a detailed picture of this next great era in human (and machine) evolution - the age of em. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Aadhaar Effect N.S. Ramnath, Charles Assisi, 2018-10-03 Identification vs profiling; state welfare vs state surveillance; privacy vs transparency—Aadhaar has bitterly polarized India since its launch in 2010. No other project has captured the imagination of the people—or inspired such awe and anxiety—in recent memory. Aadhaar began life with a singular mandate: offer an identity to those Indian residents who didn’t have any. Along the way, it evolved into the welfare state’s flagship technology and altered forever how government, business, and society interact. The Aadhaar Effect is the story of the visionaries—bureaucrats, technologists, activists—who created or challenged India’s biggest juggernaut. It is equally the story of humans conflicted about complex choices that may make the world a better place. Polestar award winners N.S. Ramnath and Charles Assisi dive deep into the 12-digit number that has touched 1.2 billion lives and counting—and in the bargain, made the world sit up and take note of India’s ambition. |
| brain on a chip technology: Tumor Organoids Shay Soker, Aleksander Skardal, 2017-10-20 Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies. |
| brain on a chip technology: Toward Replacement Parts for the Brain Theodore W. Berger, Dennis Glanzman, 2005 The latest advances in research on intracranial implantation of hardware models of neural circuitry. |
| brain on a chip technology: Man-Machine Interactions 2 Tadeusz Czachorski, Stanislaw Kozielski, Urszula Stanczyk, 2011-08-30 Man-machine interaction is the interdisciplinary field, focused on a human and a machine in conjunction. It is the intersection of computer science, behavioural sciences, social psychology, ergonomics, security. It encompasses study, design, implementation, and evaluation of small- and large-scale, interacting, computing, hardware and software systems dedicated for human use. Man-machine interaction builds on supportive knowledge from both sides, the machine side providing techniques, methods and technologies relevant for computer graphics, visualisation, programming environments, the human side bringing elements of communication theory, linguistics, social sciences, models of behaviour. The discipline aims to improve ways in which machines and their users interact, making hardware and software systems better adapted to user's needs, more usable, more receptive, and optimised for desired properties. This monograph is the second edition in the series, providing the reader with a selection of high-quality papers dedicated to current progress, new developments and research trends in man-machine interactions area. In particular, the topical subdivisions of this volume include human-computer interfaces, robot control and navigation systems, bio-data analysis and mining, pattern recognition for medical applications, sound, text and image processing, design and decision support, rough and fuzzy systems, crisp and fuzzy clustering, prediction and regression, algorithms and optimisation, and data management systems. |
| brain on a chip technology: Organs-on-chips Yu-suke Torisawa, Yi-Chung Tung, 2020-05-27 Recent advances in microsystems technology and cell culture techniques have led to the development of organ-on-chip microdevices that produce tissue-level functionality, not possible with conventional culture models, by recapitulating natural tissue architecture and microenvironmental cues within microfluidic devices. Since the physiological microenvironments in living systems are mostly microfluidic in nature, the use of microfluidic devices facilitates engineering cellular microenvironments; the microfluidic devices allow for control of local chemical gradients and dynamic mechanical forces, which play important roles in cellular viability and function. The organ-on-chip microdevices have great potential to promote drug discovery and development, to model human physiology and disease, and to replace animal models for efficacy and toxicity testing. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been leveraged to develop organs-on-chips, which enable various types of organ models and disease models not possible with primary cells and cell lines. This Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on: (1) microdevices to mimic or control cellular microenvironment; (2) microdevices to evaluate interactions between different organ models; (3) microdevices to maintain iPS cells or iPSC-derived cells; and (4) sensors and techniques to evaluate drug efficacy or toxicity. |
| brain on a chip technology: Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Mohsen Sheikholeslami Kandelousi, 2018-08-22 In the present book, various applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics are introduced. Microfluidics and nanofluidics span a broad array of disciplines including mechanical, materials, and electrical engineering, surface science, chemistry, physics and biology. Also, this book deals with transport and interactions of colloidal particles and biomolecules in microchannels, which have great importance to many microfluidic applications, such as drug delivery in life science, microchannel heat exchangers in electronic cooling, and food processing industry. Furthermore, this book focuses on a detailed description of the thermal transport behavior, challenges and implications that involve the development and use of HTFs under the influence of atomistic-scale structures and industrial applications. |
| brain on a chip technology: Minimalist Baker's Everyday Cooking Dana Shultz, 2016-04-26 The highly anticipated cookbook from the immensely popular food blog Minimalist Baker, featuring 101 all-new simple, vegan recipes that all require 10 ingredients or less, 1 bowl or 1 pot, or 30 minutes or less to prepare Dana Shultz founded the Minimalist Baker blog in 2012 to share her passion for simple cooking and quickly gained a devoted worldwide following. Now, in this long-awaited debut cookbook, Dana shares 101 vibrant, simple recipes that are entirely plant-based, mostly gluten-free, and 100% delicious. Packed with gorgeous photography, this practical but inspiring cookbook includes: • Recipes that each require 10 ingredients or less, can be made in one bowl, or require 30 minutes or less to prepare. • Delicious options for hearty entrées, easy sides, nourishing breakfasts, and decadent desserts—all on the table in a snap • Essential plant-based pantry and equipment tips • Easy-to-follow, step-by-step recipes with standard and metric ingredient measurements Minimalist Baker’s Everyday Cooking is a totally no-fuss approach to cooking for anyone who loves delicious food that happens to be healthy too. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Simulation Hypothesis Rizwan Virk, 2025-07-22 The definitive exploration of one of the most daring and consequential theories of our time, completely revised and updated to reflect the rapid advances in artificial intelligence and virtual reality Are we living in a simulation? MIT computer scientist Rizwan Virk draws from research and concepts from computer science, artificial intelligence, video games, quantum physics, and ancient mystics to explain why we may be living inside a simulated reality like the Matrix. Simulation theory explains some of the biggest mysteries of quantum and relativistic physics, such as quantum indeterminacy, parallel universes, and the integral nature of the speed of light, using information and computation. Virk shows how the evolution of our video games, including virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing, will lead us to a technological singularity. We will reach the simulation point, where we can develop all-encompassing virtual worlds like the OASIS in Ready Player One or The Matrix—and in fact we are already likely inside such a simulation. While the idea sounds like science fiction, many scientists, engineers, and professors have given the simulation hypothesis serious consideration, including Elon Musk, Neil deGrasse Tyson, and Nick Bostrom. But the simulation hypothesis is not just a modern idea. Philosophers of all traditions have long contended that we are living in some kind of “illusion” and that there are other realities that we can access with our minds. The Simulation Hypothesis is the definitive book on simulation theory and is now completely updated to reflect the latest developments in artificial intelligence and virtual reality. Whether you are a computer scientist, a fan of science fiction like the Matrix movies, a video game enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or simply a fan of mind-bending thought experiments, you will never look at the world the same way again. |
| brain on a chip technology: Atomic Habits James Clear, 2018-10-16 The #1 New York Times bestseller. Over 20 million copies sold! Translated into 60+ languages! Tiny Changes, Remarkable Results No matter your goals, Atomic Habits offers a proven framework for improving--every day. James Clear, one of the world's leading experts on habit formation, reveals practical strategies that will teach you exactly how to form good habits, break bad ones, and master the tiny behaviors that lead to remarkable results. If you're having trouble changing your habits, the problem isn't you. The problem is your system. Bad habits repeat themselves again and again not because you don't want to change, but because you have the wrong system for change. You do not rise to the level of your goals. You fall to the level of your systems. Here, you'll get a proven system that can take you to new heights. Clear is known for his ability to distill complex topics into simple behaviors that can be easily applied to daily life and work. Here, he draws on the most proven ideas from biology, psychology, and neuroscience to create an easy-to-understand guide for making good habits inevitable and bad habits impossible. Along the way, readers will be inspired and entertained with true stories from Olympic gold medalists, award-winning artists, business leaders, life-saving physicians, and star comedians who have used the science of small habits to master their craft and vault to the top of their field. Learn how to: make time for new habits (even when life gets crazy); overcome a lack of motivation and willpower; design your environment to make success easier; get back on track when you fall off course; ...and much more. Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success, and give you the tools and strategies you need to transform your habits--whether you are a team looking to win a championship, an organization hoping to redefine an industry, or simply an individual who wishes to quit smoking, lose weight, reduce stress, or achieve any other goal. |
| brain on a chip technology: Animal Experimentation Kathrin Herrmann, Kimberley Jayne, 2019 Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically appraises current animal use in science and discusses ways in which we can contribute to a paradigm change towards human-biology based approaches. |
| brain on a chip technology: The Bulletproof Diet Dave Asprey, 2014-12-02 In his midtwenties, Dave Asprey was a successful Silicon Valley multimillionaire. He also weighed 300 pounds, despite the fact that he was doing what doctors recommended: eating 1,800 calories a day and working out 90 minutes a day, six times a week. When his excess fat started causing brain fog and food cravings sapped his energy and willpower, Asprey turned to the same hacking techniques that made his fortune to hack his own biology, investing more than $300,000 and 15 years to uncover what was hindering his energy, performance, appearance, and happiness. From private brain EEG facilities to remote monasteries in Tibet, through radioactive brain scans, blood chemistry work, nervous system testing, and more, he explored traditional and alternative technologies to reach his physical and mental prime. The result? The Bulletproof Diet, an anti-inflammatory program for hunger-free, rapid weight loss and peak performance. The Bulletproof Diet will challenge--and change--the way you think about weight loss and wellness. You will skip breakfast, stop counting calories, eat high levels of healthy saturated fat, work out and sleep less, and add smart supplements. In doing so, you'll gain energy, build lean muscle, and watch the pounds melt off. By ditching traditional diet thinking, Asprey went from being overweight and sick in his twenties to maintaining a 100-pound weight loss, increasing his IQ, and feeling better than ever in his forties. The Bulletproof Diet is your blueprint to a better life. |
| brain on a chip technology: Programmed Morphogenesis Mo R. Ebrahimkhani, Joshua Hislop, 2021-01-28 This detailed book explores techniques for understanding and engineering programs that naturally control and drive formation of tissues and organs in order to open powerful opportunities to produce physiologically relevant tissues of interest, generate models to study human disease, and set the path for the manufacturing of advanced tissue and organs. Beginning with chapters to help understand signaling events and patterns in morphogenetic systems, the volume continues by covering programming signaling events and patterns to drive morphogenesis, techniques for engineering organoids, tissue barriers, and disease models, as well as in vivo therapeutic applications. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Programmed Morphogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims not only to communicate knowledge but also to inspire approaches to new challenges and to empower readers with the capability to approach those challenges. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Organ-on-a-Chip Marco Rasponi, 2022-09-29 This book provides a collection of microphysiological systems employed for chemical/drug screening and strategies to mimic various physiological conditions. Chapters guide readers through Organ-on-a-Chip( OoC) platforms such as liver, intestine, blood-brain barrier, kidney, vessels, cardiac and skeletal muscles, articular joint, human fat. Additional chapters detail microfabrication technologies used to fabricate OoC devices such as, standard photo- and soft-lithography, techniques to fabricate membranes, and industrial-oriented fabrication methods.Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Organ-On-a Chip: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful practical guide to researches to help further their study in this field. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Biochip Technology Jing Cheng, Larry J. Kricka, 2003-09-02 Biochip technology has experienced explosive growth in recent years and Biochip technology describes the basic manufacturing and fabrication processes and the current range of applications of these chips. Top scientists from the biochip industry and related areas explain the diverse applications of biochips in gene sequencing, expression monitoring, disease diagnosis, tumor examination, ligand assay and drug discovery. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology P.V. Mohanan, 2024-06-18 Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology focuses on the technology advancement from organ-on-a-chip to multi organs-on-a-chip to the newest stage of human organs-on-a-chip. Chapters investigate the design, simulation studies, device development and application of microfluidic systems. They also offer expert perspectives on the development of an alternative test system in the biological evaluation of drugs, cosmetics, chemicals, medical devices and many others. Lastly, the book addresses issues related to the development of microfluidic devices and alternative test systems in biological and biomedical research. - Explores organs-on-a-chip technology, from the basics, to advanced developments and existing challenges and recent research trends and applications - Reviews every aspect of microfluidic devices, including biological evaluation and targeted delivery - Includes the latest information on regulatory updates |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Organ-on-a-chip Julia Hoeng, David Bovard, Manuel C. Peitsch, 2019-11-09 Organ-on-a-Chip: Engineered Microenvironments for Safety and Efficacy Testing contains chapters from world-leading researchers in the field of organ on a chip development and applications, with perspectives from life sciences, medicine, physiology and engineering. The book contains an overview of the field, with sections covering the major organ systems and currently available technologies, platforms and methods. As readers may also be interested in creating biochips, materials and engineering best practice, these topics are also described. Users will learn about the limitations of 2D in-vitro models and the available 3D in-vitro models (what benefits they offer and some examples). Finally, the MOC section shows how the organ on a chip technology can be adapted to improve the physiology of in-vitro models. - Includes case studies of other organs on a chip that have been developed and successfully used - Provides insights into functional microphysiological organ on a chip platforms for toxicity and efficacy testing, along with opportunities for translational medicine - Presented fields (PK/PD, physiology, medicine, safety) are given a definition followed by the challenges and potential of organs on a chip |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Lab-on-a-Chip Fabrication and Application Margarita Stoytcheva, Roumen Zlatev, 2016-06-29 The necessity of on-site, fast, sensitive, and cheap complex laboratory analysis, associated with the advances in the microfabrication technologies and the microfluidics, made it possible for the creation of the innovative device lab-on-a-chip (LOC), by which we would be able to scale a single or multiple laboratory processes down to a chip format. The present book is dedicated to the LOC devices from two points of view: LOC fabrication and LOC application. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: The Pentagon's Brain Annie Jacobsen, 2015-09-15 Discover the definitive history of DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, in this Pulitzer Prize finalist from the author of the New York Times bestseller Area 51. No one has ever written the history of the Defense Department's most secret, most powerful, and most controversial military science R&D agency. In the first-ever history about the organization, New York Times bestselling author Annie Jacobsen draws on inside sources, exclusive interviews, private documents, and declassified memos to paint a picture of DARPA, or the Pentagon's brain, from its Cold War inception in 1958 to the present. This is the book on DARPA -- a compelling narrative about this clandestine intersection of science and the American military and the often frightening results. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Discovering the Brain National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine, Sandra Ackerman, 1992-01-01 The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the Decade of the Brain by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a field guide to the brainâ€an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€and how a gut feeling actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the Decade of the Brain, with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€and many scientists as wellâ€with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the Decade of the Brain. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Higher Intelligence Peter Aj Van Der Made, 2013 This book describes historical and current research into artificial intelligence. It focuses on the limitations imposed by hardware and software, and approaches inspired by the nature of human brains. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip Andreas Manz, Giuseppina Simone, Jonathan S. O'Connor, Pavel Neuzil, 2020-09-24 Responding to the need for an affordable, easy-to-read textbook that introduces microfluidics to undergraduate and postgraduate students, this concise book will provide a broad overview of the important theoretical and practical aspects of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip, as well as its applications. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Organs-on-chips Yu-suke Torisawa, Yi-Chung Tung, 2020-05-27 Recent advances in microsystems technology and cell culture techniques have led to the development of organ-on-chip microdevices that produce tissue-level functionality, not possible with conventional culture models, by recapitulating natural tissue architecture and microenvironmental cues within microfluidic devices. Since the physiological microenvironments in living systems are mostly microfluidic in nature, the use of microfluidic devices facilitates engineering cellular microenvironments; the microfluidic devices allow for control of local chemical gradients and dynamic mechanical forces, which play important roles in cellular viability and function. The organ-on-chip microdevices have great potential to promote drug discovery and development, to model human physiology and disease, and to replace animal models for efficacy and toxicity testing. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been leveraged to develop organs-on-chips, which enable various types of organ models and disease models not possible with primary cells and cell lines. This Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on: (1) microdevices to mimic or control cellular microenvironment; (2) microdevices to evaluate interactions between different organ models; (3) microdevices to maintain iPS cells or iPSC-derived cells; and (4) sensors and techniques to evaluate drug efficacy or toxicity. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Biofabrication Gulden Camci-Unal, Pinar Zorlutuna, Ali Khademhosseini, 2013-03-18 Microscale hydrogels are potentially useful materials for controlling cellular behavior to mimic native microenvironments for tissue engineering applications. In this chapter, various fabrication techniques to generate microscale hydrogels and their applications in tissue engineering have been outlined. In addition, we provide examples of microscale hydrogels with different physical and chemical properties for generation of tissue constructs. Finally, we discuss potential future directions in fabrication of hydrogels to address challenges in tissue engineering. It is expected that these techniques will enable engineering of three-dimensional (3D) structures with controlled features for the formation of functional tissues and organs. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Tumor Organoids Shay Soker, Aleksander Skardal, 2017-10-20 Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 1968 |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: How to Build a Brain Chris Eliasmith, 2013-04-16 How to Build a Brain provides a detailed exploration of a new cognitive architecture - the Semantic Pointer Architecture - that takes biological detail seriously, while addressing cognitive phenomena. Topics ranging from semantics and syntax, to neural coding and spike-timing-dependent plasticity are integrated to develop the world's largest functional brain model. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Micro/Nano-Chip Electrokinetics, Volume III Xiangchun Xuan, Shizhi Qian, 2021-02-24 Micro/nanofluidics-based lab-on-a-chip devices have found extensive applications in the analysis of chemical and biological samples over the past two decades. Electrokinetics is the method of choice in these micro/nano-chips for transporting, manipulating, and sensing various analyte species (e.g., ions, molecules, fluids, and particles). This book aims to highlight the recent developments in the field of micro/nano-chip electrokinetics, ranging from the fundamentals of electrokinetics to the applications of electrokinetics to both chemo- and bio-sample handling. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Drug Delivery to the Brain Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes, Elizabeth C.M. de Lange, Robert G. Thorne, 2013-12-03 The development of new CNS drugs is notoriously difficult. Drugs must reach CNS target sites for action and these sites are protected by a number of barriers, the most important being the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Many factors are therefore critical to consider for CNS drug delivery, e.g. active/passive transport across the BBB, intra-brain distribution, and central/systemic pharmacokinetics, to name a few. Neurological disease and trauma conditions add further complexity because CNS barriers, drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are dynamic and often changed by disease/trauma. Knowledge of all these factors and their interplay in different conditions is of utmost importance for proper CNS drug development and disease treatment. In recent years much information has become available for a better understanding of the many factors important for CNS drug delivery and how they interact to affect drug action. This book describes small and large drug delivery to the brain with an emphasis on the physiology of the BBB and the principles and concepts for drug delivery across the BBB and distribution within the brain. It contains methods descriptions for studying drug delivery, routes and approaches of administering drugs into the brain, the influence of disease, and drug industry perspectives. Therewith, it contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interplay between brain (patho)-physiology and drug characteristics. Furthermore, the content is designed to be both cutting-edge and educational, so that the book can be used in high-level training of academic and industry scientists with full references to original publications. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: The Blood-brain Barrier in Health and Disease Anthony J. Suckling, M. G. Rumsby, Michael William Blackburn Bradbury, 1986 |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Neuronal Cell Culture Shohreh Amini, Martyn K. White, 2022-06-09 This second edition volume details the latest aspects of neural cells covering the practical and theoretical considerations of each techniques involved. Chapters guide readers through a general overview of the neuronal culturing principles, cell line models for neural cells, the isolation and propagation of primary cultures, stem cells, transfection and transduction of neural cultures, and other more advanced techniques. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and easy to use, Neuronal Cell Culture: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be of interest to scientists at all levels studying cell culture models for neuroscientific studies. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Multi-Omics for the Understanding of Brain Diseases , 2021-12-13 |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Indwelling Neural Implants William M. Reichert, 2007-12-17 Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Advances in Network Electrophysiology Makoto Taketani, Michel Baudry, 2006-11-22 Advances in Network Electrophysiology: Using Multi Electrode Arrays explores methods for using electrophysiological techniques for monitoring the concurrent activity of ensembles of single neurons. It reviews the recent progress in both electronics and computational tools developed to analyze the functional operations of large ensembles of neurons using multi-electrode arrays and in vitro preparations. In addition, it gives readers a sense of the applications made possible by these technological tools. This volume is the reference for researchers, industry, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in all areas of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, pharmaceutical science, and bioengineering. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Animal Experimentation Kathrin Herrmann, Kimberley Jayne, 2019 Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically appraises current animal use in science and discusses ways in which we can contribute to a paradigm change towards human-biology based approaches. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Open-Space Microfluidics Emmanuel Delamarche, Govind V. Kaigala, 2018-01-18 Summarizing the latest trends and the current state of this research field, this up-to-date book discusses in detail techniques to perform localized alterations on surfaces with great flexibility, including microfluidic probes, multifunctional nanopipettes and various surface patterning techniques, such as dip pen nanolithography. These techniques are also put in perspective in terms of applications and how they can be transformative of numerous (bio)chemical processes involving surfaces. The editors are from IBM Zurich, the pioneers and pacesetters in the field at the forefront of research in this new and rapidly expanding area. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Precision Medicine for Investigators, Practitioners and Providers Joel Faintuch, Salomao Faintuch, 2019-11-16 Precision Medicine for Investigators, Practitioners and Providers addresses the needs of investigators by covering the topic as an umbrella concept, from new drug trials to wearable diagnostic devices, and from pediatrics to psychiatry in a manner that is up-to-date and authoritative. Sections include broad coverage of concerning disease groups and ancillary information about techniques, resources and consequences. Moreover, each chapter follows a structured blueprint, so that multiple, essential items are not overlooked. Instead of simply concentrating on a limited number of extensive and pedantic coverages, scholarly diagrams are also included. - Provides a three-pronged approach to precision medicine that is focused on investigators, practitioners and healthcare providers - Covers disease groups and ancillary information about techniques, resources and consequences - Follows a structured blueprint, ensuring essential chapters items are not overlooked |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Nanotechnology-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Tumors Prashant Kesharwani, Umesh Gupta, 2018-04-20 Nanotechnology-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Tumors addresses brain anatomy and tumors and the progress and challenges in delivering drugs across the blood brain barrier. Several chapters are devoted to the latest technologies and advances in nanotechnology, along with practical solutions on how to design more effective nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery. This valuable resource prepares readers to develop novel drug delivery systems for the treatment of brain tumors that further promote the latest nanomedical technologies. - Addresses the progress and challenges inherent in delivering drugs across the blood brain barrier and offers strategies to maximize effectiveness - Draws upon the experience and expertise of international scientists working in the fields of drug delivery and nanomedicine - Considers the future possibilities of nanotechnology for delivering nanocarriers that better diagnose and treat brain tumors |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Mohsen Sheikholeslami Kandelousi, 2018-08-22 In the present book, various applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics are introduced. Microfluidics and nanofluidics span a broad array of disciplines including mechanical, materials, and electrical engineering, surface science, chemistry, physics and biology. Also, this book deals with transport and interactions of colloidal particles and biomolecules in microchannels, which have great importance to many microfluidic applications, such as drug delivery in life science, microchannel heat exchangers in electronic cooling, and food processing industry. Furthermore, this book focuses on a detailed description of the thermal transport behavior, challenges and implications that involve the development and use of HTFs under the influence of atomistic-scale structures and industrial applications. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Advances in Microfluidic Technologies for Energy and Environmental Applications Yong Ren, 2020-05-20 Microfluidics have aroused a new surge of interest in recent years in environmental and energy areas, and inspired novel applications to tackle the worldwide challenges for sustainable development. This book aims to present readers with a valuable compendium of significant advances in applying the multidisciplinary microfluidic technologies to address energy and environmental problems in a plethora of areas such as environmental monitoring and detection, new nanofluid application in traditional mechanical manufacturing processes, development of novel biosensors, and thermal management. This book will provide a new perspective to the understanding of the ever-growing importance of microfluidics. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Wired for Thought Jeffrey M. Stibel, Erik Calonius, Peter Delgrosso, 2009 The Internet is more than just a series of interconnected computer networks: it's the first real replication of the human brain outside the human body. To leverage its power, you first need to understand how the Internet has evolved to take on similarities to the brain. This engaging and provocative book provides the answer. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Basic Concepts on 3D Cell Culture Cornelia Kasper, Dominik Egger, Antonina Lavrentieva, 2021-06-09 This textbook shall introduce the students to 3D cell culture approaches and applications. An overview on existing techniques and equipment is provided and insight into various aspects and challenges that researchers need to consider and face during culture of 3D cells is given. The reader will learn the importance of physiological cell, tissue and organ models and gains important knowledge on 3D analytics. This textbook deepens selected aspects of the textbook “Cell Culture Technology”, which also is published in this series, while offering extended insight into 3D cell culture. The concept of the textbook encompasses various lectures ranging from basics in cell cultivation, tissue engineering, biomaterials and biocompatibility, in vitro test systems and regenerative medicine. The textbook addresses Master- and PhD students interested and/or working in the field of modern cell culture applications and will support the understanding of the essential strategies in 3D cell culture and waken awareness for the potentials and challenges of this application. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Minimalist Baker's Everyday Cooking Dana Shultz, 2016-04-26 The highly anticipated cookbook from the immensely popular food blog Minimalist Baker, featuring 101 all-new simple, vegan recipes that all require 10 ingredients or less, 1 bowl or 1 pot, or 30 minutes or less to prepare Dana Shultz founded the Minimalist Baker blog in 2012 to share her passion for simple cooking and quickly gained a devoted worldwide following. Now, in this long-awaited debut cookbook, Dana shares 101 vibrant, simple recipes that are entirely plant-based, mostly gluten-free, and 100% delicious. Packed with gorgeous photography, this practical but inspiring cookbook includes: • Recipes that each require 10 ingredients or less, can be made in one bowl, or require 30 minutes or less to prepare. • Delicious options for hearty entrées, easy sides, nourishing breakfasts, and decadent desserts—all on the table in a snap • Essential plant-based pantry and equipment tips • Easy-to-follow, step-by-step recipes with standard and metric ingredient measurements Minimalist Baker’s Everyday Cooking is a totally no-fuss approach to cooking for anyone who loves delicious food that happens to be healthy too. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: GLOBAL BRAIN CHIP & MESOGENS Dr Hildegarde Staninger (R) Riet-1, 2016-11-29 It has been predicted by Computer Scientist that within the next twenty years neural interfaces will be designed that will not only increase the power of the humans senses that includes the enhancement of memory and enable one to have a cyberlink - invisible (wireless) communication with others.There will be a tremendous ethical burden placed upon all of humanity to evaluate the comprehensive issues of safety, informed consent, manufacturer's and scientific comunities global responsibility as well as the future for the implanted being. A time for the reflection of what is the term Doing No Harm really mean to mankind as issues of privacy and autonomy become a focal point of life as well as carcinogenic agents entering the brain.Global Brain Chip and Mesogens by Dr. Hildegarde Staninger(r), RIET-1 documents the scientific investigation process of chemical analysis and advanced materials compositions in determining the chemical finger print of a Brain Chip. A first of its kind as it will become the pioneering text on this subject matter. Dr. Hildegarde Staninger is an Industrial Toxicologist/IH and Doctor of Integrative Medicine. She has authored other books and articles in the applied sciences and engineering, occupational health and safety, and environment as well as the creative arts and educational study guides for occupational certification programs. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Atomic Habits James Clear, 2018-10-16 The #1 New York Times bestseller. Over 20 million copies sold! Translated into 60+ languages! Tiny Changes, Remarkable Results No matter your goals, Atomic Habits offers a proven framework for improving--every day. James Clear, one of the world's leading experts on habit formation, reveals practical strategies that will teach you exactly how to form good habits, break bad ones, and master the tiny behaviors that lead to remarkable results. If you're having trouble changing your habits, the problem isn't you. The problem is your system. Bad habits repeat themselves again and again not because you don't want to change, but because you have the wrong system for change. You do not rise to the level of your goals. You fall to the level of your systems. Here, you'll get a proven system that can take you to new heights. Clear is known for his ability to distill complex topics into simple behaviors that can be easily applied to daily life and work. Here, he draws on the most proven ideas from biology, psychology, and neuroscience to create an easy-to-understand guide for making good habits inevitable and bad habits impossible. Along the way, readers will be inspired and entertained with true stories from Olympic gold medalists, award-winning artists, business leaders, life-saving physicians, and star comedians who have used the science of small habits to master their craft and vault to the top of their field. Learn how to: make time for new habits (even when life gets crazy); overcome a lack of motivation and willpower; design your environment to make success easier; get back on track when you fall off course; ...and much more. Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success, and give you the tools and strategies you need to transform your habits--whether you are a team looking to win a championship, an organization hoping to redefine an industry, or simply an individual who wishes to quit smoking, lose weight, reduce stress, or achieve any other goal. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Human Organs-on-a-Chip Javier Ramón-Azcón, Artur Rydosz, 2023-11-15 Human Organs-on-Chip: Novel Organ-on-a-Chip Techniques in Medicine paves the way for novel approaches that push forward in-vitro and in-vivo studies and fills a gap between laboratory and clinical use. These experienced authors share the knowledge they've developed with over a decade of experience and research with organ-on-chips and multi-organ-on-chips. This book collects all of the developments in the field and sheds new light on possibilities to develop human on-chip measurement methods with the utilization of currently available measurement techniques including both invasive and non-invasive tests. Human Organs-on-Chip: Novel Organ-on-a-Chip Techniques in Medicine serves as a starting point for young researchers who are beginning their scientific journeys. - Provides an overview of the progress suborgan-on-chips development has made in recent years - Introduces the fundamentals needed to understand lab-on-chip ideas with references and in-depth explanations - Presents commercial achievements obtained and future perspectives |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Stem Cells Christine L. Mummery, Anja van de Stolpe, Bernard Roelen, Hans Clevers, 2014-05-23 The second edition of Stem Cells: Scientific Facts and Fiction provides the non-stem cell expert with an understandable review of the history, current state of affairs, and facts and fiction of the promises of stem cells. Building on success of its award-winning preceding edition, the second edition features new chapters on embryonic and iPS cells and stem cells in veterinary science and medicine. It contains major revisions on cancer stem cells to include new culture models, additional interviews with leaders in progenitor cells, engineered eye tissue, and xeno organs from stem cells, as well as new information on organs on chips and adult progenitor cells. In the past decades our understanding of stem cell biology has increased tremendously. Many types of stem cells have been discovered in tissues that everyone presumed were unable to regenerate in adults, the heart and the brain in particular. There is vast interest in stem cells from biologists and clinicians who see the potential for regenerative medicine and future treatments for chronic diseases like Parkinson's, diabetes, and spinal cord lesions, based on the use of stem cells; and from entrepreneurs in biotechnology who expect new commercial applications ranging from drug discovery to transplantation therapies. - Explains in straightforward, non-specialist language the basic biology of stem cells and their applications in modern medicine and future therapy - Includes extensive coverage of adult and embryonic stem cells both historically and in contemporary practice - Richly illustrated to assist in understanding how research is done and the current hurdles to clinical practice |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Organoids and Mini-Organs Jamie A. Davies, Melanie Lawrence, 2018-03-09 Organs and Mini-Organs combines contributions from leading practitioners who work under the editorial control of an acclaimed researcher who also served for eight years as Editor-in-Chief of the journal Organogenesis, the first journal on this topic. The book begins with an introduction, but then delves into chapters that present advice on how to make organoids for many systems. In addition, case studies that illustrate the uses of organioids are presented, along with discussions on future directions and specific problems that need to be solved. - Collects the best protocols of organoid cultures from diverse tissues - Covers a wide range of organs - Includes troubleshooting cases for common, but specific problems for each culture conditions - Provides an entire section on the application of organoids |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Medical Sensors And Lab-on-a-chip Devices: Mechanisms, Biofunctionalization And Measurement Techniques Vinod Kumar Khanna, 2018-02-14 This book provides a comprehensive coverage of sensor and lab-on-a-chip technologies for medical applications. Presenting a unified coverage of the operational principles and fabrication issues of the sensors and related chips, this important compendium describes the contemporary electronic devices that help to identify and effectively combat different diseases and malfunctions of the human body. It is intended to serve as an essential textbook or reference book for graduate/postgraduate students in electrical and electronic engineering, biomedical engineering, and those pursuing a course on sensor technologies in medicine. Research students and scientists too will find the self-explanatory diagrams and end-of-chapter bibliographies very useful. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Lab-on-a-chip Devices for Advanced Biomedicines Arpana Parihar, Piyush Pradeep Mehta, 2024-08-14 The global miniature devices market is poised to surpass a valuation of $12–$15 billion USD by the year 2030. Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices are a vital component of this market. Comprising a network of microchannels, electrical circuits, sensors, and electrodes, LOC is a miniaturized integrated device platform used to streamline day-to-day laboratory functions, run cost-effective clinical analyses and curb the need for centralized instrumentation facilities in remote areas. Compact design, portability, ease of operation, low sample volume, short reaction time, and parallel investigation stand as the pivotal factors driving the widespread acceptance of LOC within the biomedical community. In this book, the Editors meticulously explore LOC through three key ‘Ts’: Theories (microfluidics, microarrays, instrumentation, software); Technologies (additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, computational thinking, smart consumables, scale-up tactics, and biofouling); and Trends (biomedical analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, personalized healthcare, bioactive synthesis, disease diagnosis, and space applications) This comprehensive text not only provides readers with a thorough understanding of the current advancements in the LOC domain but also offers valuable insights to support the utilization of miniaturized devices for enhanced healthcare practices. Aimed at career researchers looking for instruction in the topic and newcomers to the area, the book is also useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students embarking on new studies or for those interested in reading about the LOC platform. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Toward Replacement Parts for the Brain Theodore W. Berger, Dennis Glanzman, 2005 The latest advances in research on intracranial implantation of hardware models of neural circuitry. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Interaction of Immune and Cancer Cells Magdalena Klink, Izabela Szulc-Kielbik, 2022-02-14 Now, it its second edition, this book summarizes the role of immune cells in tumor suppression and progression. It describes in detail why tumor cells can survive and spread in spite of the antitumor response of immune cells. Since immunotherapy is an attractive approach to cancer therapy, this book also provides information on the two main strategies: monoclonal antibodies and adaptive T cell immunotherapy, with a focus on recent human clinical trials. A newly added chapter also focuses on the role of Natural Killer cells in tumor progression. The book provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of immune cells in cancer and is an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners working or lecturing in the field of cancer research and immunology. |
| brain-on-a-chip technology: Medical and Industrial Applications of Microfluidic-based Cell/Tissue Culture and Organs-on-a-Chip: Advances in Organs-on-a-Chip and Organoids Technologies Qasem Ramadan, Massimo Alberti, Martin Dufva, Yi-Chung Tung, 2019-10-16 Recent developments in microfluidics have demonstrated enormous potential of microscale cell culture for biology studies and recognized as instrumental in performing rapid and efficient experiments on small-sample volumes. Microfluidic-based cell culture is an area of research that keeps growing and gaining importance as a prominent technology, able to link scientific disciplines with industrial and clinical applications. In particular, organotypic cell culture and its integration in microfluidic devices would enable the realization of “in vivo-like” cell microenvironment within systems that are more amenable to automation and integration. Such remarkable advancement forms the foundation and motivation to transfer research from the laboratory to the field. Although the microfluidics and cell culture technologies have influenced many areas of science, significant research efforts are currently focus on finding methods to transform drug screening and toxicity testing from a system reliant on high-dose animal studies to one based primarily on human-relevant in vitro models. In line with regulatory developments precluding the use of animal testing, as well as fundamental differences in animal versus human, human in vitro methodologies are required to replace the animal-based testes while permitting physiologically relevant model equivalents for superior prediction. Organs-on-a-chip is an ambitious and rapidly growing technology that promise to bridge the gap between in vivo and in vitro studies and open wide possibilities in medical and industrial applications. However, many challenges are still ahead. This eBook present recent state-of-the-art works and critical reviews in organs-on-a-chip technology which highlight the new advances in this growing field with an emphasis on the interface between technological advancements and high impact applications. |
Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works | Johns Hopkins Medicine
The brain is a complex organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger and every process that regulates our body. …
Human brain - Wikipedia
The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and …
Brain: Parts, Function, How It Works & Conditions - Cleveland Clinic
Jan 25, 2025 · Your brain has a really important job, and it often goes unnoticed. Right now, you’re using your brain to read this text. At the same time, your brain is running your body’s …
Brain | Definition, Parts, Functions, & Facts | Britannica
4 days ago · Brain, the mass of nerve tissue in the anterior end of an organism. The brain integrates sensory information and directs motor responses; in higher vertebrates it is …
Brain Basics: Know Your Brain | National Institute of Neurological ...
This fact sheet is a basic introduction to the human brain. It can help you understand how the healthy brain works, how to keep your brain healthy, and what happens when the brain …
Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works | Johns Hopkins Medicine
The brain is a complex organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger and every process that regulates our body. Together, the brain …
Human brain - Wikipedia
The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. …
Brain: Parts, Function, How It Works & Conditions - Cleveland Clinic
Jan 25, 2025 · Your brain has a really important job, and it often goes unnoticed. Right now, you’re using your brain to read this text. At the same time, your brain is running your body’s …
Brain | Definition, Parts, Functions, & Facts | Britannica
4 days ago · Brain, the mass of nerve tissue in the anterior end of an organism. The brain integrates sensory information and directs motor responses; in higher vertebrates it is also the …
Brain Basics: Know Your Brain | National Institute of Neurological ...
This fact sheet is a basic introduction to the human brain. It can help you understand how the healthy brain works, how to keep your brain healthy, and what happens when the brain doesn't …
Parts of the Brain: Neuroanatomy, Structure & Functions in …
May 12, 2025 · The human brain is a complex organ, made up of several distinct parts, each responsible for different functions. The cerebrum, the largest part, is responsible for sensory …
Parts of the Brain and Their Functions - Science Notes and Projects
Feb 20, 2024 · How much of our brain do we use? The myth that humans only use 10% of their brain is false. Virtually every part gets use, and most of the brain is active all the time, even …
The human brain: Parts, function, diagram, and more - Medical News Today
Feb 10, 2023 · The brain is made up of three main parts, which are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. Each of these has a unique function and is made up of several parts as well.
Parts of the Brain: A Complete Guide to Brain Anatomy and …
Nov 6, 2024 · The brain can be classified into three major regions — the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the brainstem, each responsible for essential activities like movement, balance, and …
How Does the Human Brain Work? - Caltech Science Exchange
Explore the intricate workings of the human brain, from neurons and glia to the central and peripheral nervous systems. Learn how sensory input, emotions, and memories shape our …
