Branch Point Definition Biology

  branch point definition biology: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy.
  branch point definition biology: International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode) Kevin de Queiroz, Philip Cantino, 2020-04-29 The PhyloCode is a set of principles, rules, and recommendations governing phylogenetic nomenclature, a system for naming taxa by explicit reference to phylogeny. In contrast, the current botanical, zoological, and bacteriological codes define taxa by reference to taxonomic ranks (e.g., family, genus) and types. This code will govern the names of clades; species names will still be governed by traditional codes. The PhyloCode is designed so that it can be used concurrently with the rank-based codes. It is not meant to replace existing names but to provide an alternative system for governing the application of both existing and newly proposed names. Key Features Provides clear regulations for naming clades Based on expressly phylogenetic principles Complements existing codes of nomenclature Eliminates the reliance on taxonomic ranks in favor of phylogenetic relationships Related Titles: Rieppel, O. Phylogenetic Systematics: Haeckel to Hennig (ISBN 978-1-4987-5488-0) de Queiroz, K., Cantino, P. D. and Gauthier, J. A. Phylonyms: A Companion to the PhyloCode (ISBN 978-1-138-33293-5).
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of RNA David Elliott, Michael Ladomery, 2017-01-31 RNA plays a central, and until recently, somewhat underestimated role in the genetics underlying all forms of life on earth. This versatile molecule not only plays a crucial part in the synthesis of proteins from a DNA template, but is also intrinsically involved in the regulation of gene expression, and can even act as a catalyst in the form of a ribozyme. This latter property has led to the hypothesis that RNA - rather than DNA - could have played an essential part in the origin of life itself. This landmark text provides a systematic overview of the exciting and rapidly moving field of RNA biology. Key pioneering experiments, which provided the underlying evidence for what we now know, are described throughout, while the relevance of the subject to human disease is highlighted via frequent boxes. For the second edition of Molecular Biology of RNA, more introductory material has been incorporated at the beginning of the text, to aid students studying the subject for the first time. Throughout the text, new material has been included - particularly in relation to RNA binding domains, non-coding RNAs, and the connection between RNA biology and epigenetics. Finally, a new closing chapter discusses how exciting new technologies are being used to explore current topical areas of research.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of RNA Masayori Inouye, Bernard S. Dudock, 2013-09-03 Molecular Biology of RNA: New Perspectives provides an overview of the developments in RNA research as well as the approaches, strategies, and methodologies used. Most of the contributing authors in the present volume participated in the Fifth Stony Brook Symposium entitled New Perspectives on the Molecular Biology of RNA in May 1986. The text is organized into six parts. Part I contains papers dealing with RNA as an enzyme. Part II presents studies on RNA splicing. Part III examines RNA viruses while Part IV focuses on the role of RNA in DNA replication. Part V is devoted to the structure, function, and isolation of RNA. Finally, Part VI takes up the role of RNA in regulation and repression. This volume will help provide new direction and insight for those already working on the subject and will serve as a useful guide to those about to start research in the molecular biology of RNA.
  branch point definition biology: Computational Methods in Molecular Biology S.L. Salzberg, D.B. Searls, S. Kasif, 1998-06-19 Computational biology is a rapidly expanding field, and the number and variety of computational methods used for DNA and protein sequence analysis is growing every day. These algorithms are extremely valuable to biotechnology companies and to researchers and teachers in universities. This book explains the latest computer technology for analyzing DNA, RNA, and protein sequences. Clear and easy to follow, designed specifically for the non-computer scientist, it will help biologists make better choices on which algorithm to use. New techniques and demonstrations are elucidated, as are state-of-the-art problems, and more advanced material on the latest algorithms. The primary audience for this volume are molecular biologists working either in biotechnology companies or academic research environments, individual researchers and the institutions they work for, and students. Any biologist who relies on computers should want this book. A secondary audience will be computer scientists developing techniques with applications in biology. An excellent reference for leading techniques, it will also help introduce computer scientists to the biology problems. This is an outstanding work which will be ideal for the increasing number of scientists moving into computational biology.
  branch point definition biology: Lecture Notes | Molecular Biology Book PDF (Biology eBook Download) Arshad Iqbal, The Book Molecular Biology Notes PDF Download (Biology Textbook 2023-24): Lecture Notes with Revision Guide (Molecular Biology Textbook PDF: Notes, Definitions & Explanations) covers revision notes from class notes & textbooks. Molecular Biology Lecture Notes PDF covers chapters' short notes with concepts, definitions and explanations for science exams. Molecular Biology Notes Book PDF provides a general course review for subjective exam, job's interview, and test preparation. The eBook Molecular Biology Lecture Notes PDF to download with abbreviations, terminology, and explanations is a revision guide for students' learning. Molecular Biology definitions PDF download with free e-Book's sample covers exam course material terms for distance learning and certification. Molecular Biology Textbook Notes PDF with explanations covers subjective course terms for college and high school exam's prep. Molecular biology notes book PDF book with glossary terms assists students in tutorials, quizzes, viva and to answer a question in an interview for jobs. Molecular Biology Study Material PDF to download free book’s sample covers terminology with definition and explanation for quick learning. Molecular Biology lecture notes PDF with definitions covered in this quick study guide includes: An Introduction to Gene Function Notes Chromatin Structure and Its Effects on Transcription Notes DNA Replication I: Basic Mechanism and Enzymology Notes DNA Replication II: Detailed Mechanism Notes DNA Replication, Recombination, and Transposition Notes DNA-Protein Interactions in Prokaryotes Notes Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and Their Promoters Notes General Transcription Factors in Eukaryotes Notes Genomics and Proteomics Notes Homologous Recombination Notes Major Shifts in Prokaryotic Transcription Notes Mechanism of Transcription in Prokaryotes Notes Mechanism of Translation I: Initiation Notes Mechanism of Translation II: Elongation and Termination Notes Messenger RNA Processing I: Splicing Notes Messenger RNA Processing II: Capping and Polyadenylation Notes Methods of Molecular Biology Notes Molecular Cloning Methods Notes Molecular Nature of Genes Notes Molecular Tools for Studying Genes and Gene Activity Notes Operons: Fine Control of Prokaryotic Transcription Notes Other RNA Processing Events Notes Posttranscriptional Events Notes Ribosomes and Transfer RNA Notes Transcription Activators in Eukaryotes Notes Transcription in Eukaryotes Notes Transcription in Prokaryotes Notes Transposition8 Genomes Notes Molecular Biology Lecture Notes PDF covers terms, definitions, and explanations: A Helix, A-DNA (A-form DNA), AAA+ Proteins, Abasic Site, Abortive Initiation, Accommodation, Acid Dissociation Constant (K.), Acridine, Activation Energy (~G), Activation, Activator, Active Site, ADAR, Adenine, Adenylylation Step, Adult Stem Cells, Affinity Chromatography, Alkylation, Allele, Allopatric Speciation, Allosteric Enzyme, Allosteric Modulator, Allosteric Protein, Alternative Splicing, Ames Test, Amino Acids, Amino Terminus (N-tenninus), Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetisis, Aminoacyl-tRNA, Amphipathic Helix, Amphipathic o, Analyte, Annealing, Anticodon, Antiparallel, AP Endonucleases, Apo Protein, Apoenzyme, Aqueous Solution, Archaea, ATP-Coupling Stoichiometry, AU-Rich Elements (ARE), Auto Inhibition, Autoradiography, Autosome, and Auxotrophic Mutant (Auxotroph). Molecular Biology Complete Notes PDF covers terms, definitions, and explanations: B-DNA (B-form DNA), Bacteria, Bacterial Transduction, Barr Body, Base Pair, Base Pairing, Base Stacking, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Motif, Basic Leucine Zipper Motif, Binding Energy (~G8), Binding Site, Biochemical Standard Free-Energy Change (~G-0), Biological Information, Blunt Ends, Bond Angle, Branch Migration, Branch Point, BRCA.1, BRCA.2, Bromodomain, Buffer Solution, and Buffering Capacity. Molecular Biology Notes PDF covers terms, definitions, and explanations: cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP), Cap-Binding Complex (CBC), Carboxyl Terminus (C-terminus), Carcinogen, Catalysis, Catalyst, Catenane, cDNA Library, Cell Cycle, Cell Theory, Cell, Cellular Function, Centromere, Centrosome, Chain Topology Diagram, Chaperone, Chaperonins, Chemical Bond, Chemical Reaction, and Chemical Shift. Molecular Biology Notes Book PDF covers terms, definitions, and explanations: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), DNA cloning, DNA genotyping, DNA glycosylase, DNA library, DNA ligase, DNA looping, DNA microarray, DNA nuclease, DNA over winding, DNA photolyase, DNA polymerase a (pol a), DNA polymerase e (pol e), DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase iv, DNA polymerase s (pol o), DNA replication, DNA strand invasion, DNA supercoiling, DNA topology, DNA under winding, DNA-binding transcription activator, b-DNA (b-form DNA), and cDNA library. Molecular Biology Notes Book PDF covers terms, definitions, and explanations: Holoenzyme, Homeodomain Motif, Homeotic Gene, Homing Endonucleases, Homologous Chromosomes, Homologous Recombination, Homologs, Homooligomer, Homotropic, Homozygous, Hoogsteen Pairing, Hoogsteen Position, Horizontal Gene Transfer, Hormone Response Element, Housekeeping Gene, Hox Gene, Hybrid Duplex, Hybrid, Hydrogen Bond, Hydrolysis, Hydrophobic, Hyperchromic Effect, Hypersensitive Site, and Hypothesis. And many more definitions and explanations!
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology Burton E. Tropp, 2012 Newly revised and updated, the Fourth Edition is a comprehensive guide through the basic molecular processes and genetic phenomena of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Written for the undergraduate and first year graduate students, the text has been updated with the latest data in the field. It incorporates a biochemical approach as well as a discovery approach that provides historical and experimental information within the context of the narrative.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology Nancy Lynn Craig, Orna Cohen-Fix, Gisela Storz, 2014 Molecular Biology: Principles of Genome Function offers a fresh, distinctive approach to the teaching of molecular biology. It is an approach that reflects the challenge of teaching a subject that is in many ways unrecognizable from the molecular biology of the 20th century - a discipline in which our understanding has advanced immeasurably, but about which many intriguing questions remain to be answered. It is written with severalguiding themes in mind: - A focus on key principles provides a robust conceptual framework on which students can build a solid understanding of the discipline; - An emphasis on thecommonalities that exist between the three kingdoms of life, and the discussion of differences between the three kingdoms where such differences offer instructive insights into molecular processes and components, gives students an accurate depiction of our current understanding of the conserved nature of molecular biology, and the differences that underpin biological diversity; - An integrated approach demonstrates how certain molecular phenomena have diverse impacts on genomefunction by presenting them as themes that recur throughout the book, rather than as artificially separated topics At heart, molecular biology is an experimental science, and a centralelement to the understanding of molecular biology is an appreciation of the approaches taken to yield the information from which concepts and principles are deduced. Yet there is also the challenge of introducing the experimental evidence in a way that students can readily comprehend. Molecular Biology responds to this challenge with Experimental Approach panels, which branch off from the text in a clearly-signposted way. These panels describe pieces ofresearch that have been undertaken, and which have been particularly valuable in elucidating difference aspects of molecular biology. Each panel is carefully cross-referenced to the discussion of key molecular biologytools and techniques, which are presented in a dedicated chapter at the end of the book. Beyond this, Molecular Biology further enriches the learning experience with full-colour, custom-drawn artwork; end-of-chapter questions and summaries; relevant suggested further readings grouped by topic; and an extensive glossary of key terms. Among the students being taught today are the molecular biologists of tomorrow; these individuals will be ina position to ask fascinating questions about fields whose complexity and sophistication become more apparent with each year that passes. Molecular Biology: Principles of Genome Function is the perfectintroduction to this challenging, dynamic, but ultimately fascinating discipline.
  branch point definition biology: Encyclopedia of Cell Biology , 2015-08-07 The Encyclopedia of Cell Biology, Four Volume Set offers a broad overview of cell biology, offering reputable, foundational content for researchers and students across the biological and medical sciences. This important work includes 285 articles from domain experts covering every aspect of cell biology, with fully annotated figures, abundant illustrations, videos, and references for further reading. Each entry is built with a layered approach to the content, providing basic information for those new to the area and more detailed material for the more experienced researcher. With authored contributions by experts in the field, the Encyclopedia of Cell Biology provides a fully cross-referenced, one-stop resource for students, researchers, and teaching faculty across the biological and medical sciences. Fully annotated color images and videos for full comprehension of concepts, with layered content for readers from different levels of experience Includes information on cytokinesis, cell biology, cell mechanics, cytoskeleton dynamics, stem cells, prokaryotic cell biology, RNA biology, aging, cell growth, cell Injury, and more In-depth linking to Academic Press/Elsevier content and additional links to outside websites and resources for further reading A one-stop resource for students, researchers, and teaching faculty across the biological and medical sciences
  branch point definition biology: Biology of Parasitism Christian Tschudi, Edward J. Pearce, 2013-03-14 Biology of Parasitism is based on the Biology of Parasitism Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Having just celebrated its 20th offering, this Course has distinguished itself as the premier, world-renowned training ground for future generations of parasitologists. The primary goal of the Course is to attract and introduce the very best and most promising young researchers to the many unresolved problems in parasitology and prepare them for their future as independent investigators in the field. The rigorous program combines state-of-the-art laboratory research with a program of visiting lecturers who bring together the most current research in the field. Since at this time there are no academic institutions that have enough depth in parasitology research or teaching faculty to provide up-to-date and state-of-the-art training, the Course has become, and will remain, a global resource for providing intensive education in modern parasitology. Biology of Parasitism is intended to present a snapshot of the content and spirit of the Biology of Parasitism Course. By presenting a series of chapters that reflect the formal lectures that students receive on a daily basis, as well as the approaches used during the laboratory section of the Course, the editors hope to share some of the science that occurs there. One part of the book presents the experimental component of the Course, in particular the subject matter of the four two-week sessions covering Immunology, Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Molecular Biology of protozoan and helminth parasites. As in the Course, the experimental part is complemented by a number of review-like chapters solicited from the large number of speakers who lecture during the Course.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Cell Biology Harvey F. Lodish, 2008 The sixth edition provides an authoritative and comprehensive vision of molecular biology today. It presents developments in cell birth, lineage and death, expanded coverage of signaling systems and of metabolism and movement of lipids.
  branch point definition biology: Network Models in Population Biology E. R. Lewis, 2012-12-06 This book is an outgrowth of one phase of an upper-division course on quantitative ecology, given each year for the past eight at Berkeley. I am most grateful to the students in that course and to many graduate students in the Berkeley Department of Zoology and Colleges of Engineering and Natural Resources whose spirited discussions inspired much of the book's content. I also am deeply grateful to those faculty colleagues with whom, at one time or another, I have shared courses or seminars in ecology or population biology, D.M. Auslander, L. Demetrius, G. Oster, O.H. Paris, F.A. Pitelka, A.M. Schultz, Y. Takahashi, D.B. Tyler, and P. Vogelhut, all of whom contributed substantially to the development of my thinking in those fields, to my Depart mental colleagues E. Polak and A.J. Thomasian, who guided me into the litera ture on numerical methods and stochastic processes, and to the graduate students who at one time or another have worked with me on population-biology projects, L.M. Brodnax, S-P. Chan, A. Elterman, G.C. Ferrell, D. Green, C. Hayashi, K-L. Lee, W.F. Martin Jr., D. May, J. Stamnes, G.E. Swanson, and I. Weeks, who, together, undoubtedly provided me with the greatest inspiration. I am indebted to the copy-editing and production staff of Springer-Verlag, especially to Ms. M. Muzeniek, for their diligence and skill, and to Mrs. Alice Peters, biomathematics editor, for her patience.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of Saccharomyces L.A. Grivell, 2012-12-06 At a fundamental research level, the yeasts offer valuable opportunities for modelling regulatory and metabolic processes in multicellular eukaryotic organisms: this volume deals with the multifunctional chromosome regulatory proteins, topoisomerase and nuclear transport. A combination of biochemical and genetic approaches applied to the yeast translation system is also currently yielding a wealth of data, while the mating pheromone signal transduction pathway in yeasts provides a valuable analogue of the signal transduction components used by multicellular organisms, including receptors, G proteins, protein kinases and transcription factors. With a well-established history of fermantation studies, yeasts remain the first-choice vehicle for production of heterologous eukaryotic proteins. Interest is diversifying, as an increasing number of non-Saccharomyces species are now being utilised for the production of specific heterologous proteins. Molecular biologists, microbiologists and biochemical geneticists will find this volume an authoritative and valuable update on a vibrant area of research.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Cell Biology Harvey Lodish, 2004 The fifth edition provides an authoritative and comprehensive vision of molecular biology today. It presents developments in cell birth, lineage and death, expanded coverage of signaling systems and of metabolism and movement of lipids.
  branch point definition biology: Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology , 1998
  branch point definition biology: Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Roger L. Lundblad, Fiona Macdonald, 2018-06-14 Edited by renowned protein scientist and bestselling author Roger L. Lundblad, with the assistance of Fiona M. Macdonald of CRC Press, this fifth edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology gathers a wealth of information not easily obtained, including information not found on the web. Presented in an organized, concise, and simple-to-use format, this popular reference allows quick access to the most frequently used data. Covering a wide range of topics, from classical biochemistry to proteomics and genomics, it also details the properties of commonly used biochemicals, laboratory solvents, and reagents. An entirely new section on Chemical Biology and Drug Design gathers data on amino acid antagonists, click chemistry, plus glossaries for computational drug design and medicinal chemistry. Each table is exhaustively referenced, giving the user a quick entry point into the primary literature. New tables for this edition: Chromatographic methods and solvents Protein spectroscopy Partial volumes of amino acids Matrix Metalloproteinases Gene Editing Click Chemistry
  branch point definition biology: The Biology of Nonspecific DNA Protein Interactions Arnold Revzin, 1990-08-27 This important publication addresses the interactions of proteins with nonspecific binding sites on DNA as they play critical roles in fundamental cellular processes such as transcription, DNA replication, and recombination. The book presents current reviews of the biochemistry of representative nonspecific DNA-protein systems, and of their physiological functions. It includes chapters on the techniques used to characterize the complexes, on their thermodynamic properties, and on the role of nonspecific binding as gene regulatory proteins search for specific target sites on the chromosome. Systems considered include the effects of nonspecific binding in regulation of the lactose operon of Escherichia coli, the T4 bacteriophage gene 32 protein, the E. coli single strand binding (SSB) protein and recA protein, eukaryotic SSB's and histone-DNA complexes. The book presents those proteins displaying multiple modes of DNA binding as participants in more than one cellular process. This monograph combines rigorous descriptions of new findings for these important systems with provocative interpretations of the biological significance of the results. It is of great value to researchers ranging from graduate students to senior scientists in the areas of biochemistry, microbiology and molecular/cell biology.
  branch point definition biology: Cell Biology E-Book Thomas D. Pollard, William C. Earnshaw, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Graham Johnson, 2016-11-01 The much-anticipated 3rd edition of Cell Biology delivers comprehensive, clearly written, and richly illustrated content to today's students, all in a user-friendly format. Relevant to both research and clinical practice, this rich resource covers key principles of cellular function and uses them to explain how molecular defects lead to cellular dysfunction and cause human disease. Concise text and visually amazing graphics simplify complex information and help readers make the most of their study time. - Clearly written format incorporates rich illustrations, diagrams, and charts. - Uses real examples to illustrate key cell biology concepts. - Includes beneficial cell physiology coverage. - Clinically oriented text relates cell biology to pathophysiology and medicine. - Takes a mechanistic approach to molecular processes. - Major new didactic chapter flow leads with the latest on genome organization, gene expression and RNA processing. - Boasts exciting new content including the evolutionary origin of eukaryotes, super resolution fluorescence microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9, contributions of high throughput DNA sequencing to understand genome organization and gene expression, microRNAs, IncRNAs, membrane-shaping proteins, organelle-organelle contact sites, microbiota, autophagy, ERAD, motor protein mechanisms, stem cells, and cell cycle regulation. - Features specially expanded coverage of genome sequencing and regulation, endocytosis, cancer genomics, the cytoskeleton, DNA damage response, necroptosis, and RNA processing. - Includes hundreds of new and updated diagrams and micrographs,plus fifty new protein and RNA structures to explain molecular mechanisms in unprecedented detail. - Student Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, and over a dozen animations from the book on a variety of devices.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology Nancy L. Craig, Rachel R. Green, Carol C. Greider, Cynthia Wolberger, Gisela G. Storz, 2021-01-20 A fresh, distinctive approach to the teaching of molecular biology. With its focus on key principles, its emphasis on the commonalities that exist between the three kingdoms of life, and its integrated coverage of experimental methods and approaches, Molecular Biology is the perfect companion to any molecular biology course.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of the Cell Bruce Alberts, 2017-08-07 As the amount of information in biology expands dramatically, it becomes increasingly important for textbooks to distill the vast amount of scientific knowledge into concise principles and enduring concepts.As with previous editions, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Sixth Edition accomplishes this goal with clear writing and beautiful illustrations. The Sixth Edition has been extensively revised and updated with the latest research in the field of cell biology, and it provides an exceptional framework for teaching and learning. The entire illustration program has been greatly enhanced.Protein structures better illustrate structure–function relationships, icons are simpler and more consistent within and between chapters, and micrographs have been refreshed and updated with newer, clearer, or better images. As a new feature, each chapter now contains intriguing openended questions highlighting “What We Don’t Know,” introducing students to challenging areas of future research. Updated end-of-chapter problems reflect new research discussed in the text, and these problems have been expanded to all chapters by adding questions on developmental biology, tissues and stem cells, pathogens, and the immune system.
  branch point definition biology: Synthetic Biology Christina Smolke, 2018-02-20 A review of the interdisciplinary field of synthetic biology, from genome design to spatial engineering. Written by an international panel of experts, Synthetic Biology draws from various areas of research in biology and engineering and explores the current applications to provide an authoritative overview of this burgeoning field. The text reviews the synthesis of DNA and genome engineering and offers a discussion of the parts and devices that control protein expression and activity. The authors include information on the devices that support spatial engineering, RNA switches and explore the early applications of synthetic biology in protein synthesis, generation of pathway libraries, and immunotherapy. Filled with the most recent research, compelling discussions, and unique perspectives, Synthetic Biology offers an important resource for understanding how this new branch of science can improve on applications for industry or biological research.
  branch point definition biology: EBOOK: Molecular Biology Robert Weaver, 2011-03-16 Molecular Biology, 4/e by Robert Weaver, is designed for an introductory course in molecular biology. Molecular Biology 5/e focuses on the fundamental concepts of molecular biology emphasizing experimentation. In particular author, Rob Weaver, focuses on the study of genes and their activities at the molecular level. Through the combination of excellent illustrations and clear, succinct writing students are presented fundamental molecular biology concepts.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of Assemblies and Machines Alasdair Steven, Wolfgang Baumeister, Louise N. Johnson, Richard N. Perham, 2016-02-18 Molecular Biology of Assemblies and Machines provides a comprehensive narrative of the ways in which macromolecular structures assemble and how they interact with other complexes and organelles in the cell. Richly illustrated in full color, the text is written for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics, cell biology, chemistry, structural biology, immunology, microbiology, and medicine.
  branch point definition biology: Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology Fritz Eckstein, David M. J. Lilley, 2012-12-06 A wide range of topics are covered, including articles on nucleic acid structure, through their interactions with proteins to the control of gene expression. A number of authors address the subject of RNA, including the difficult but important subject of its chemical synthesis, the complexities of its structures and the mechanisms of transcript splicing. The probing of DNA structure is reviewed in papers on the application of hydroxyl radical and 1,10 phenanthroline copper cleavages. A number of important DNA-protein interactions are discussed, including DNA polymerase, the tryptophan and deoR repressors, and the resolvase enzymes which cleave Holliday junctions in recombination. Gene transcription is also covered, from the points of view of DNA methylation, mammalian ribosomal and avian lysozyme genes, and the control of transcription in the proto-oncogene c-fos. Finally, the plant kingdom has not been forgotten with articles on development and transposition in plants.
  branch point definition biology: Applied Statistics for Network Biology Matthias Dehmer, Frank Emmert-Streib, Armin Graber, Armindo Salvador, 2011-04-08 The book introduces to the reader a number of cutting edge statistical methods which can e used for the analysis of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data sets. In particular in the field of systems biology, researchers are trying to analyze as many data as possible in a given biological system (such as a cell or an organ). The appropriate statistical evaluation of these large scale data is critical for the correct interpretation and different experimental approaches require different approaches for the statistical analysis of these data. This book is written by biostatisticians and mathematicians but aimed as a valuable guide for the experimental researcher as well computational biologists who often lack an appropriate background in statistical analysis.
  branch point definition biology: Insect Phylogeny Willi Hennig, 1981 Methodological introduction; Localities for palaeozoic and mesozoic insects; The phyloggenetic development of the insecta; Concluding remarks and prospects for the future.
  branch point definition biology: Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology , 2018-08-21 Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: ABC of Bioinformatics, Three Volume Set combines elements of computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology, providing the methodology and in silico solutions to mine biological data and processes. The book covers Theory, Topics and Applications, with a special focus on Integrative –omics and Systems Biology. The theoretical, methodological underpinnings of BCB, including phylogeny are covered, as are more current areas of focus, such as translational bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and environmental informatics. Finally, Applications provide guidance for commonly asked questions. This major reference work spans basic and cutting-edge methodologies authored by leaders in the field, providing an invaluable resource for students, scientists, professionals in research institutes, and a broad swath of researchers in biotechnology and the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Brings together information from computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology Written and reviewed by leading experts in the field, providing a unique and authoritative resource Focuses on the main theoretical and methodological concepts before expanding on specific topics and applications Includes interactive images, multimedia tools and crosslinking to further resources and databases
  branch point definition biology: Systems Biology Edda Klipp, Wolfram Liebermeister, Christoph Wierling, Axel Kowald, 2016-03-28 This advanced textbook is tailored for an introductory course in Systems Biology and is well-suited for biologists as well as engineers and computer scientists. It comes with student-friendly reading lists and a companion website featuring a short exam prep version of the book and educational modeling programs. The text is written in an easily accessible style and includes numerous worked examples and study questions in each chapter. For this edition, a section on medical systems biology has been included.
  branch point definition biology: Progress in Theoretical Biology Fred Snell, 2012-12-02 Progress in Theoretical Biology, Volume 2, brings together the significant and timely theoretical developments in particular areas of biology in a critical and synthetic manner. It is concerned with a field which has emerged as an identifiable subdiscipline of the biological sciences. This emergence and recognition signify that biological science has evolved from its initial stage of description and classification into the adolescence of transformation to the quantitative. The book's opening chapter develops a theory that uses a new generalization of statistical mechanics to provide a basis for understanding how the microscopic behavior of nonliving parts can generate the macroscopic appearance of a living aggregate. The subsequent chapters discuss theoretical methods in systematic and evolutionary studies; the theory of neural masses; the design of chemical reaction systems; cooperative processes in biological systems; and the organization of motor systems. This book is intended for the modern biological scientist as well as for the physical scientist who is inquisitive of the ways of the most complex of all processes.
  branch point definition biology: Evolutionary Developmental Biology , 2021-02-16 Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Volume 141 focuses on recent research in evolutionary developmental biology, the science studying how changes in development cause the variations that natural selection operate on. Several new hypotheses and models are presented in this volume, and these concern how homology may be properly delineated, how neural crest and placode cells emerged and how they formed the skull and jaw, and how plasticity and developmental symbiosis enable normal development to be regulated by environmental factors. - New models for homology - New hypotheses for the generation of chordates - New models for the roles of plasticity and symbionts in normal development
  branch point definition biology: Cell Biology Thomas Dean Pollard, William C. Earnshaw, 2004 This critically acclaimed text takes a modern and completely unique approach to the study of cell biology. Its overriding theme is that cellular structure, function, and dysfunction ultimately result from specific macromole¬cular interactions. The text takes readers from an explanation of the hardware of molecules and cells to an understanding of how these structures function in the organism in both healthy and diseased states. An exquisite art program allows readers to better visualize the molecular structures.
  branch point definition biology: Bayesian Phylogenetics Ming-Hui Chen, Lynn Kuo, Paul O. Lewis, 2014-05-27 Offering a rich diversity of models, Bayesian phylogenetics allows evolutionary biologists, systematists, ecologists, and epidemiologists to obtain answers to very detailed phylogenetic questions. Suitable for graduate-level researchers in statistics and biology, Bayesian Phylogenetics: Methods, Algorithms, and Applications presents a snapshot of current trends in Bayesian phylogenetic research. Encouraging interdisciplinary research, this book introduces state-of-the-art phylogenetics to the Bayesian statistical community and, likewise, presents state-of-the-art Bayesian statistics to the phylogenetics community. The book emphasizes model selection, reflecting recent interest in accurately estimating marginal likelihoods. It also discusses new approaches to improve mixing in Bayesian phylogenetic analyses in which the tree topology varies. In addition, the book covers divergence time estimation, biologically realistic models, and the burgeoning interface between phylogenetics and population genetics.
  branch point definition biology: Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan, Swagatam Das, Suresh Chandra Satapathy, 2016-11-30 This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, SEMCCO 2015, held in Hyderabad, India, in December 2015. The 23 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions for inclusion in the proceedings. The papers cover a wide range of topics in swarm, evolutionary, memetic and other intelligent computing algorithms and their real world applications in problems selected from diverse domains of science and engineering.
  branch point definition biology: Quantitative Research in Human Biology and Medicine Sigismund Peller, 2013-10-22 Quantitative Research in Human Biology and Medicine reflects the author's past activities and experiences in the field of medical statistics. The book presents statistical material from a variety of medical fields. The text contains chapters that deal with different aspects of vital statistics. It provides statistical surveys of perinatal mortality rate; epidemiology of various diseases, like cancer, tuberculosis, malaria, diphtheria, and scarlatina; and discussions of various aspects of human biology such as growth and development, genetics, and nutrition. The inheritance of mental qualities; the law governing multiple births; and historical demography are covered as well. Medical statisticians and physicians will find the book interesting.
  branch point definition biology: Post‐Transcriptional Regulation by STAR Proteins Talila Volk, Karen Artzt, 2011-01-11 This book examines the available information on the structure of the RNA binding STAR domain and provides insights into how these proteins discriminate between different RNA targets. It reviews what is known about STAR proteins and human disease.
  branch point definition biology: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002
  branch point definition biology: General and Professional Biology Edward John von Komorowski Menge, 1922
  branch point definition biology: Collected Papers from the Department of Biology of the School of Hygiene and Public Health of the Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University. School of Hygiene and Public Health. Dept. of Biology, 1928 Chiefly reprints from various scientific journals.
  branch point definition biology: Human Embryology and Developmental Biology E-Book Bruce M. Carlson, 2008-11-25 This thoroughly revised 4th edition offers both clear descriptions and explanations of human embryonic development based on all the most up-to-date scientific discoveries and understanding. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental aspects of molecular mechanisms in development, introducing you to major families of important developmental molecules. Clinical aspects of development are covered throughout in boxed sections of text. First-rate illustrations complete this essential package. Integrates contemporary developmental knowledge with classical embryological understanding. Interprets complex molecular developments, to help you learn how exactly the embryo develops. Presents first-rate clinical photos and clear drawings, to help you to memorize and understand normal and abnormal development. Uses clear sections within the chapter and summaries at the end of each to help you navigate this complex subject. Includes review questions at the end of each chapter to help you assess your knowledge. Provides more coverage of molecular development to help you interpret complex information. Revises the section on the development of the head, particularly useful for dental students.
  branch point definition biology: Biochemistry Raymond S. Ochs, 2021-08-17 Biochemistry Second Edition, is a single-semester text designed for undergraduate non-biochemistry majors. Accessible, engaging, and informative, it is the perfect introduction to the subject for students who may approach chemistry with apprehension. Its unique emphasis on metabolism and its kinetic underpinnings gives the text up-to-the-minute relevance for students investigating current public health concerns, such as obesity and diabetes. Biochemistry Second Edition will encourage students to explore the basics of chemistry and its influence on biological problems. Key Features: Provides an understanding of (mostly) enzymatic reactions that are responsible for the function and maintenance of living things. This innovative text for non-biochemistry majors includes introductory material at the beginning of each chapter that contextualizes chapter themes in real-life scenarios. Online supporting materials with further opportunities for research and investigation. Synthesis questions at the end of each chapter that encourage students to make connections between concepts and ideas, as well as develop critical-thinking skills. About the Author: Raymond S. Ochs is a biochemist with a career-long specialty in metabolism spanning 30 years. Previously, he has written the textbook Biochemistry, contributed the metabolism chapters to another text, Principles of Biochemistry, and co-edited a collection of articles published as Metabolic Regulation, and the recent monograph Metabolic Strucure and Regulation. His research interests concern major pathways of liver and muscle, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, ureogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and control by cAMP, Ca2+, diacylglycerol, and AMPK. He is currently professor of pharmacy at St. John’s University in New York, teaching biochemistry, physiology, and medicinal chemistry.
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