Advertisement
| brutal torture methods in history: The Death Penalty as Torture John D. Bessler, 2017 The Death Penalty as Torture: From the Dark Ages to Abolition was named a Bronze Medalist in the World History category of the Independent Publisher Book Awards and a finalist in the Eric Hoffer Book Awards (2018). During the Dark Ages and the Renaissance, Europe's monarchs often resorted to torture and executions. The pain inflicted by instruments of torture--from the thumbscrew and the rack to the Inquisition's tools of torment--was eclipsed only by horrific methods of execution, from breaking on the wheel and crucifixion to drawing and quartering and burning at the stake. The English Bloody Code made more than 200 crimes punishable by death, and judicial torture--expressly authorized by law and used to extract confessions--permeated continental European legal systems. Judges regularly imposed death sentences and other harsh corporal punishments, from the stocks and the pillory, to branding and ear cropping, to lashes at public whipping posts. In the Enlightenment, jurists and writers questioned the efficacy of torture and capital punishment. In 1764, the Italian philosopher Cesare Beccaria--the father of the world's anti-death penalty movement--condemned both practices. And Montesquieu, like Beccaria and others, concluded that any punishment that goes beyond absolute necessity is tyrannical. Traditionally, torture and executions have been viewed in separate legal silos, with countries renouncing acts of torture while simultaneously using capital punishment. The UN Convention Against Torture strictly prohibits physical or psychological torture; not even war or threat of war can be invoked to justify it. But under the guise of lawful sanctions, some countries continue to carry out executions even though they bear the indicia of torture. In The Death Penalty as Torture, Prof. John Bessler argues that death sentences and executions are medieval relics. In a world in which mock or simulated executions, as well as a host of other non-lethal acts, are already considered to be torturous, he contends that death sentences and executions should be classified under the rubric of torture. Unlike in the Middle Ages, penitentiaries--one of the products of the Enlightenment--now exist throughout the globe to house violent offenders. With the rise of life without parole sentences, and with more than four of five nations no longer using executions, The Death Penalty as Torture calls for the recognition of a peremptory, international law norm against the death penalty's use. |
| brutal torture methods in history: How to Survive in Medieval England Toni Mount, 2021-08-04 An in-depth guide to life in medieval England, including class, housing, spirituality, fashion, grooming, food, commerce, jobs, health, law, war, and more. Imagine you were transported back in time to Medieval England and had to start a new life there. Without mobile phones, ipads, internet, and social media networks, when transport means walking or, if you’re fortunate, horseback, how will you know where you are or what to do? Where will you live? What is there to eat? What shall you wear? How can you communicate when nobody speaks as you do and what about money? Who can you go to if you fall ill or are mugged in the street? However can you fit into and thrive in this strange environment full of odd people who seem so different from you? All these questions and many more are answered in this new guidebook for time-travelers: How to Survive in Medieval England. A handy self-help guide with tips and suggestions to make your visit to the Middle Ages much more fun, this lively and engaging book will help the reader deal with the new experiences they may encounter and the problems that might occur. Know the laws so you don’t get into trouble or show your ignorance in an embarrassing faux pas. Enjoy interviews with the celebrities of the day, from a businesswoman and a condemned felon, to a royal cook and King Richard III himself. Have a go at preparing medieval dishes and learn some new words to set the mood for your time-travelling adventure. Have an exciting visit but be sure to keep this book at hand. “Fun and creative. . . . If you want a handy guide to take on your journeys to the past or you just want a book to better understand the past, I highly suggest you read this book, “How to Survive in Medieval England” by Toni Mount.” —Adventures of a Tudor Nerd |
| brutal torture methods in history: Cruel Britannia Ian Cobain, 2013 A award-winning book from an acclaimed investigative journalist, Cruel Britannia tells the hidden story of Britain's secretive and shameful record of torture, for the first time |
| brutal torture methods in history: Empty Cradle Diana Walsh, 2012-09-22 The author recalls the events surrounding the kidnapping of her newborn daughter. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Civilizing Torture W. Fitzhugh Brundage, 2018-11-12 Pulitzer Prize Finalist Silver Gavel Award Finalist “A sobering history of how American communities and institutions have relied on torture in various forms since before the United States was founded.” —Los Angeles Times “That Americans as a people and a nation-state are violent is indisputable. That we are also torturers, domestically and internationally, is not so well established. The myth that we are not torturers will persist, but Civilizing Torture will remain a powerful antidote in confronting it.” —Lawrence Wilkerson, former Chief of Staff to Secretary of State Colin Powell “Remarkable...A searing analysis of America’s past that helps make sense of its bewildering present.” —David Garland, author of Peculiar Institution Most Americans believe that a civilized state does not torture, but that belief has repeatedly been challenged in moments of crisis at home and abroad. From the Indian wars to Vietnam, from police interrogation to the War on Terror, US institutions have proven far more amenable to torture than the nation’s commitment to liberty would suggest. Civilizing Torture traces the history of debates about the efficacy of torture and reveals a recurring struggle to decide what limits to impose on the power of the state. At a time of escalating rhetoric aimed at cleansing the nation of the undeserving and an erosion of limits on military power, the debate over torture remains critical and unresolved. |
| brutal torture methods in history: One Bloody Thing After Another Jacob F. Field, 2012-09-06 Moving chronologically, this horrifying guide explores the world's bloodiest battles and most murderous queens, as well as delving into some of the more unusual aspects of history. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Cautio Criminalis, or a Book on Witch Trials Friedrich Spee, 2012-10-05 In 1631, at the epicenter of the worst excesses of the European witch-hunts, Friedrich Spee, a Jesuit priest, published the Cautio Criminalis, a book speaking out against the trials that were sending thousands of innocent people to gruesome deaths. Spee, who had himself ministered to women accused of witchcraft in Germany, had witnessed firsthand the twisted logic and brutal torture used by judges and inquisitors. Combined, these harsh prosecutorial measures led inevitably not only to a confession but to denunciations of supposed accomplices, spreading the circle of torture and execution ever wider. Driven by his priestly charge of enacting Christian charity, or love, Spee sought to expose the flawed arguments and methods used by the witch-hunters. His logic is relentless as he reveals the contradictions inherent in their arguments, showing there is no way for an innocent person to prove her innocence. And, he questions, if the condemned witches truly are guilty, how could the testimony of these servants and allies of Satan be reliable? Spee’s insistence that suspects, no matter how heinous the crimes of which they are accused, possess certain inalienable rights is a timeless reminder for the present day. The Cautio Criminalis is one of the most important and moving works in the history of witch trials and a revealing documentation of one man’s unexpected humanity in a brutal age. Marcus Hellyer’s accessible translation from the Latin makes it available to English-speaking audiences for the first time. Studies in Early Modern German History |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Spectacle of the Scaffold Michel Foucault, 2008 Foucault's writings on power and control in social institutions have made him one of the modern era's most influential thinkers. Here he argues that punishment has gone from being mere spectacle to becoming an instrument of systematic domination over individuals in society - not just of our bodies, but our souls. Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves - and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives - and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization and helped make us who we are. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Common Legal Past of Europe, 1000–1800 Manlio Bellomo, 1995 A broad history of the western European legal tradition. Bellomo discusses the great jurists who gave common law its intellectual vigor as well as the humanist jurists of the period. |
| brutal torture methods in history: A Bewitched Duchy E. William Monter, 2007 Situé aux frontières linguistique et politique entre la France et le Saint-Empire, l'état tampon de la Lorraine a maintenu une neutralité précaire depuis la défaite de Charles le téméraire en 1477 jusqu'à la Guerre de Trente Ans. Entravée par le cardinal de Richelieu pendant les années 1630, l'autonomie politique de la Lorraine ne fut perdue qu'un siècle plus tard et le dernier duc de Lorraine se réfugia chez les Habsbourg. A Bewitched Duchy est la première histoire de Lorraine en langue anglaise. |
| brutal torture methods in history: What a Way to Go Geoffrey Abbott, 2007-04-17 In this wickedly humorous book, Geoffrey Abbott describes the effectiveness of instruments of torture and reveals the macabre origins of familiar phrases such as 'gone west' or 'drawn a blank'. Covering everything from the preparation of the victim to the disposal of the body 'What a Way to Go' is everything you ever wanted to know about the ultimate penalty--and a lot you never thought to ask.--Publisher's description |
| brutal torture methods in history: Torture Sanford Levinson, 2004-10-28 Torture is perhaps the most unequivocally banned practice in the world today. Yet recent photographs from Abu Ghraib substantiated claims that the United States and some of its allies are using methods of questioning relating to the war on terrorism that could be described as torture or, at the very least, as inhuman and degrading. In terror's wake, the use of such methods, at least under some conditions, has gained some prominent defenders, notably from within the White House. In this revised edition, Torture: A Collection brings together leading lawyers, political theorists, social scientists, and public intellectuals to debate the advisability of maintaining the absolute ban and to reflect on what it says about our societies if we do--or do not--adhere to it in all circumstances. New to this edition are essays by Charles Krauthammer and Andrew Sullivan on the adoption in 2005 of the McCain Amendment, which explicitly bars the use of torture and other cruel methods of interrogation. |
| brutal torture methods in history: 101 Most Horrible Tortures In History Stephen Liddell, 2015-05-06 101 Most Horrible Tortures In History misses out all the boring stuff and gets straight to the very sharp point, the weird, bizarre and even a bit of the gore! Often when learning history at school, we'd all squirm in our chairs at hearing about the odd bit of torture or terrible execution but on the inside a bit of us loved it. This book covers some of the craziest tortures that humans have inflicted on each other over the last 6,000 years from every corner of the world. Whether you like your tortures boiling-hot; if medieval dungeons are your thing or you think Mongolian tortures are the coolest procedures until the CIA Cold Cell Air-Con torture. 101 Most Horrible Tortures In History takes a wry look at history, torture and bizarre punishments of times past and just a bit of the present so that we can thank our lucky stars that none of this is ever likely happen to us. History doesn't have to be torture! |
| brutal torture methods in history: Torture and Brutality in Medieval Literature Larissa Tracy, 2015 A new look at the way in which medieval European literature depicts torture and brutality. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Torture and the Law of Proof John H. Langbein, 2012-04-24 In Torture and the Law of Proof John H. Langbein explores the world of the thumbscrew and the rack, engines of torture authorized for investigating crime in European legal systems from medieval times until well into the eighteenth century. Drawing on juristic literature and legal records, Langbein's book, first published in 1977, remains the definitive account of how European legal systems became dependent on the use of torture in their routine criminal procedures, and how they eventually worked themselves free of it. The book has recently taken on an eerie relevance as a consequence of controversial American and British interrogation practices in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. In a new introduction, Langbein contrasts the new law of torture with the older European law and offers some pointed lessons about the difficulty of reconciling coercion with accurate investigation. Embellished with fascinating illustrations of torture devices taken from an eighteenth-century criminal code, this crisply written account will engage all those interested in torture's remarkable grip on European legal history. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Brutality in an Age of Human Rights Brian Drohan, 2018-01-15 Introduction : counterinsurgency and human rights in the post-1945 world -- A lawyers' war : emergency legislation and the Cyprus Bar Council -- The shadow of Strasbourg : international advocacy and Britain's response -- Hunger war : humanitarian rights and the Radfan campaign -- This unhappy affair : investigating torture in Aden -- A more talkative place : Northern Ireland |
| brutal torture methods in history: The United Nations Convention Against Torture and Its Optional Protocol Manfred Nowak, Moritz Birk, Giuliana Monina, 2019 Published with the support of Austrian Science Fund (FWF): PUB 644-G. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Harnessing the Power of the Criminal Corpse Sarah Tarlow, Emma Battell Lowman, 2018-05-17 This open access book is the culmination of many years of research on what happened to the bodies of executed criminals in the past. Focusing on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it looks at the consequences of the 1752 Murder Act. These criminal bodies had a crucial role in the history of medicine, and the history of crime, and great symbolic resonance in literature and popular culture. Starting with a consideration of the criminal corpse in the medieval and early modern periods, chapters go on to review the histories of criminal justice, of medical history and of gibbeting under the Murder Act, and ends with some discussion of the afterlives of the corpse, in literature, folklore and in contemporary medical ethics. Using sophisticated insights from cultural history, archaeology, literature, philosophy and ethics as well as medical and crime history, this book is a uniquely interdisciplinary take on a fascinating historical phenomenon. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Tudor Murder Files James Moore, 2016-10-31 “Collates the most shocking killings and puzzling murder mysteries from the sixteenth century in fascinating detail” —Gazette & Herald In the Tudor age the murder rate was five times higher than it is today. Now, this unique true crime guide, The Tudor Murder Files, reveals just how bloody and brutal this fascinating era really was. From the dark days of Henry VIII to the turbulent times of Shakespeare, James Moore’s new book is the first to chart the period’s most gripping murder cases in all their grizzly detail. Featuring tales of domestic slaughter, sexual intrigue, and cunning assassinations, as well as murder mysteries worthy of Agatha Christie, the book vividly brings to life the violent crime wave that gripped the sixteenth century both at home and abroad. Enter a world in which stabbings were rife, guns were used to kill victims for the first time, and in which culprits frequently escaped justice. The book also reveals just how severe some of the penalties could be, with grisly punishments for those who dared to commit the gravest of crimes. Discover how one murderer was gruesomely pressed to death, another boiled alive for poisoning his victims, and meet some of history’s most notorious serial killers, including one considered so barbaric she was labelled a vampire. “Contains more than seventy real life murders, profiling over thirty cases in detail. And not only does James chart how killers were caught and dealt with by the justice system, he also discusses how murders were reported to the new, news hungry nation.” —Luton Today |
| brutal torture methods in history: Understanding Great Expectations George Newlin, 2000-03-30 The fourth companion to a novel by or the works generally by Charles Dickens (1812-70) Newlin has produced. In a collection of primary documents, collateral readings, and essays, most of them excerpts from longer pieces he explores such aspects as what a gentleman of the early 19th century was, apprenticeship and the blacksmith, and making a fortune in Australia. |
| brutal torture methods in history: So Long as They Die , 2006 Recommendations. To state and federal corrections agencies - To state legislators and the U.S. Congress. -- I. Development of lethal injection protocols. Oklahoma - Texas - Tennessee - Lethal injection machines - Public access to lethal injection protocols. -- II. Lethal injection drugs. Potassium chloride - Pancuronium bromide - Sodium thiopental - The failure to review protocols. -- III. Lethal injection procedures. Qualifications of execution team - Checking the IV equipment - Level of anesthesia not monitored. -- IV. Physician participation in executions and medical ethics. -- V. Case study: Morales v. Hickman. -- VI. Botched executions. -- VII. International human rights and U.S. constitutional law. International human rights law - U.S. Constitutional law. -- Appendix A: State Execution Methods. -- Acknowledgements. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Inquisition Edward Peters, 1989-04-14 This impressive volume is actually three histories in one: of the legal procedures, personnel, and institutions that shaped the inquisitorial tribunals from Rome to early modern Europe; of the myth of The Inquisition, from its origins with the anti-Hispanists and religious reformers of the sixteenth century to its embodiment in literary and artistic masterpieces of the nineteenth century; and of how the myth itself became the foundation for a history of the inquisitions. |
| brutal torture methods in history: I Have No Mouth & I Must Scream Harlan Ellison, 2014-04-29 Seven stunning stories of speculative fiction by the author of A Boy and His Dog. In a post-apocalyptic world, four men and one woman are all that remain of the human race, brought to near extinction by an artificial intelligence. Programmed to wage war on behalf of its creators, the AI became self-aware and turned against humanity. The five survivors are prisoners, kept alive and subjected to brutal torture by the hateful and sadistic machine in an endless cycle of violence. This story and six more groundbreaking and inventive tales that probe the depths of mortal experience prove why Grand Master of Science Fiction Harlan Ellison has earned the many accolades to his credit and remains one of the most original voices in American literature. I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream also includes “Big Sam Was My Friend,” “Eyes of Dust,” “World of the Myth,” “Lonelyache,” Hugo Award finalist “Delusion for a Dragon Slayer,” and Hugo and Nebula Award finalist “Pretty Maggie Moneyeyes.” |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Medical Documentation of Torture Michael Peel, Vincent Iacopino, 2002-01-03 This book will be of practical use to doctors writing medical reports on alleged victims of torture or lawyers working in this field. It will also be of value to psychologists, human rights activists and academic researchers at all levels who are engaged in the documentation of torture. |
| brutal torture methods in history: A Question of Torture Alfred McCoy, 2007-04-01 A startling exposé of the CIA's development and spread of psychological torture, from the Cold War to Abu Ghraib and beyond In this revelatory account of the CIA's secret, fifty-year effort to develop new forms of torture, historian Alfred W. McCoy uncovers the deep, disturbing roots of recent scandals at Abu Ghraib and Guantánamo. Far from aberrations, as the White House has claimed, A Question of Torture shows that these abuses are the product of a long-standing covert program of interrogation. Developed at the cost of billions of dollars, the CIA's method combined sensory deprivation and self-inflicted pain to create a revolutionary psychological approach—the first innovation in torture in centuries. The simple techniques—involving isolation, hooding, hours of standing, extremes of hot and cold, and manipulation of time—constitute an all-out assault on the victim's senses, destroying the basis of personal identity. McCoy follows the years of research—which, he reveals, compromised universities and the U.S. Army—and the method's dissemination, from Vietnam through Iran to Central America. He traces how after 9/11 torture became Washington's weapon of choice in both the CIA's global prisons and in torture-friendly countries to which detainees are dispatched. Finally McCoy argues that information extracted by coercion is worthless, making a case for the legal approach favored by the FBI. Scrupulously documented and grippingly told, A Question of Torture is a devastating indictment of inhumane practices that have spread throughout the intelligence system, damaging American's laws, military, and international standing. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Gestapo Carsten Dams, Michael Stolle, 2014-05 The true story of the Gestapo - the Nazis' secret police force and the most feared instrument of political terror in the Third Reich. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Does Torture Work? John W. Schiemann, 2016 Is interrogational torture effective? What do we mean by effective? How brutal can torture get and be considered justifiable? In this book, John Schiemann adopts game theory in an attempt to answer these questions, walking the reader through the logic of interrogational torture - and finding that it is far more brutal than proponents believe. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Philosophers on Consciousness Jack Symes, 2022-02-10 We know, more intimately than anything else, what it's like to undergo a rich world of experiences: agonizing pains, dizzying pleasures, heady rage and existential doubts. But, despite the incredible advances of physical science, it seems that we're no closer to an explanation of how this inner world of experiences comes about. No matter how detailed our description of the physical brain, perhaps we'll always be left with this same question: how and why does the brain produce consciousness? This book is a short, accessible and engaging guide to the mystery of consciousness. Featuring remastered interviews and original essays from the world's leading thinkers, Philosophers on Consciousness sheds new light on the most promising theories in philosophy and science. Beyond understanding the mind, this is a journey into personal identity, the origin of meaning, the nature of morality and the fundamental structure of reality. Contributors include: Miri Albahari, Susan Blackmore, David Chalmers, Patricia Churchland, Daniel Dennett, Keith Frankish, Philip Goff, Frank Jackson, Casey Logue, Gregory Miller, Michelle Montague, Massimo Pigliucci and Galen Strawson. |
| brutal torture methods in history: A History of the Apocalypse Catalin Negru, 2018-07-26 Every generation of people think that their problems are the most important ever. As history flows without interruption and doomsday scenarios fail, the following generations focus on their own contemporary events, ignoring or underestimating the past. In this way people always see signs in their times and the end of the world is constantly a fresh subject. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Rituals of Retribution Richard J. Evans, 1996 The state has no greater power over its own citizens than that of killing them. This book examines the use of that supreme sanction in Germany, from the seventeenth century to the present. Richard Evans analyses the system of traditional' capital punishments set out in German law, and the ritual practices and cultural readings associated with them by the time of the early modern period. He shows how this system was challenged by Enlightenment theories of punishment and broke down under the impact of secularization and social change in the first half of the nineteenth century. The abolition of the death penalty became a classic liberal case which triumphed, if only momentarily, in the 1848 Revolution. In Germany far more than anywhere else in Europe, capital punishment was identified with anti-liberal, authoritarian concepts of sovereignty. Its definitive reinstatement by Bismarck in the 1880s marked not only the defeat of liberalism but also coincided with the emergence of new, Social Darwinist attitudes towards criminality which gradually changed the terms of debate. The triumph of these attitudes under the Nazis laid the foundations for the massive expansion of capital punishment which took place during Hitler's Third Reich'. After the Second World War, the death penalty was abolished, largely as a result of a chance combination of circumstances, but continued to be used in the Stalinist system of justice in East Germany until its forced abandonment as a result of international pressure exerted in the regime in the 1970s and 1980s. This remarkable and disturbing book casts new light on the history of German attitudes to law, deviance, cruelty, suffering and death, illuminating many aspects of Germany's modern political development. Using sources ranging from folksongs and ballads to the newly released government papers from the former German Democratic Republic, Richard Evans scrutinizes the ideologies behind capital punishment and comments on interpretations of the history of punishment offered by writers such as Foucault and Elias. He has made a formidable contribution not only to scholarship on German history but also to the social theory of punishement, and to the current debate on the death penalty. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Rape of Nanking Iris Chang, 2014-03-11 The New York Times bestselling account of one of history's most brutal—and forgotten—massacres, when the Japanese army destroyed China's capital city on the eve of World War II, piecing together the abundant eyewitness reports into an undeniable tapestry of horror. (Adam Hochschild, Salon) In December 1937, one of the most horrific atrocities in the long annals of wartime barbarity occurred. The Japanese army swept into the ancient city of Nanking (what was then the capital of China), and within weeks, more than 300,000 Chinese civilians and soldiers were systematically raped, tortured, and murdered. In this seminal work, Iris Chang, whose own grandparents barely escaped the massacre, tells this history from three perspectives: that of the Japanese soldiers, that of the Chinese, and that of a group of Westerners who refused to abandon the city and created a safety zone, which saved almost 300,000 Chinese. Drawing on extensive interviews with survivors and documents brought to light for the first time, Iris Chang's classic book is the definitive history of this horrifying episode. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Courting Disaster Marc Thiessen, 2009-12-29 White House speechwriter Marc Thiessen was locked in a secure room and given access to the most sensitive intelligence when he was tasked to write President George W. Bush’s 2006 speech explaining the CIA’s interrogation program and why Congress should authorize it. Few know more about these CIA operations than Thiessen. In his new book, Courting Disaster, Thiessen documents just how effective the CIA’s interrogations were in foiling attacks on America, penetrating al-Qaeda’s high command, and providing our military with actionable intelligence. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Getting Away with Torture Reed Brody, Human Rights Watch (Organization), 2011-01-01 Recommendations -- Background: official sanction for crimes against detainees -- Torture of detainees in US counterterrorism operations -- Individual criminal responsibility -- Appendix: foreign state proceedings regarding US detainee mistreatment -- Acknowledgments and methodology. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Bright Ages Matthew Gabriele, David M. Perry, 2021-12-07 The beauty and levity that Perry and Gabriele have captured in this book are what I think will help it to become a standard text for general audiences for years to come….The Bright Ages is a rare thing—a nuanced historical work that almost anyone can enjoy reading.”—Slate Incandescent and ultimately intoxicating. —The Boston Globe A lively and magisterial popular history that refutes common misperceptions of the European Middle Ages, showing the beauty and communion that flourished alongside the dark brutality—a brilliant reflection of humanity itself. The word “medieval” conjures images of the “Dark Ages”—centuries of ignorance, superstition, stasis, savagery, and poor hygiene. But the myth of darkness obscures the truth; this was a remarkable period in human history. The Bright Ages recasts the European Middle Ages for what it was, capturing this 1,000-year era in all its complexity and fundamental humanity, bringing to light both its beauty and its horrors. The Bright Ages takes us through ten centuries and crisscrosses Europe and the Mediterranean, Asia and Africa, revisiting familiar people and events with new light cast upon them. We look with fresh eyes on the Fall of Rome, Charlemagne, the Vikings, the Crusades, and the Black Death, but also to the multi-religious experience of Iberia, the rise of Byzantium, and the genius of Hildegard and the power of queens. We begin under a blanket of golden stars constructed by an empress with Germanic, Roman, Spanish, Byzantine, and Christian bloodlines and end nearly 1,000 years later with the poet Dante—inspired by that same twinkling celestial canopy—writing an epic saga of heaven and hell that endures as a masterpiece of literature today. The Bright Ages reminds us just how permeable our manmade borders have always been and of what possible worlds the past has always made available to us. The Middle Ages may have been a world “lit only by fire” but it was one whose torches illuminated the magnificent rose windows of cathedrals, even as they stoked the pyres of accused heretics. The Bright Ages contains an 8-page color insert. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Crime and Punishment in Early Modern Russia Nancy Kollmann, 2012-10-11 A magisterial account of criminal law in early modern Russia in a wider European and Eurasian context. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Faithful Executioner Joel F. Harrington, 2013-05-02 Meet Frantz Schmidt: executioner, torturer and, most unusually for his times, diarist. Following in his father’s footsteps, Frantz entered the executioner’s trade as an Apprentice. 394 executions and forty-five years later, he retired to focus his attentions on running the large medical practice that he had always viewed as his true vocation. Through examination of Frantz’s exceptional and often overlooked record, Joel F. Harrington delves deep into a world of human cruelty, tragedy and injustice. At the same time, he poses a fascinating question: could a man who routinely practiced such cruelty also be insightful, compassionate – even progressive? The Faithful Executioner is the biography of an ordinary man struggling to overcome an unjust family curse; it is also a remarkable panorama of a Europe poised on the cusp of modernity, a world with startling parallels to our own. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Two Authorities, One Way, Zero Dissent Omar Shakir, 2018 This report evaluates patterns of arrest and detention conditions in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, 25 years after the Oslo Accords granted Palestinians a degree of self-rule over these areas and more than a decade after Hamas seized effective control over the Gaza Strip. Human Rights Watch detailed more than two dozen cases of people detained for no clear reason beyond writing a critical article or Facebook post or belonging to the wrong student group or political movement.--Publisher website. |
| brutal torture methods in history: Vlad the Impaler Biographiq, 2008-02-01 Vlad the Impaler - The Real Dracula is a biography of the 15th century Wallachian Prince in what it now modern day Romania. Vladthe Impaler was the inspiration for the main charachter in Bram Stoker's Dracula novel which was originally published in 1897 and loosely based off of the real person. Vlad the Impaler got his name because he used cruel punishments agaisnt his political enemies, most notably impaling them with a large stake and sticking them in the ground to die. During the impalement, Dracula had the blood collected and he dipped his food in their blood, which is what made him known to this day as a blood drinker. Vlad ruled Wallachia during the periods of 1448, 1456-62, and 1476. Vlad the Impaler - The Real Dracula is a highly recommended publication for those interested in learning the details of the story of Vlad the Impaler and also for those who are fans of Dracula and would like to learn about the real man behind the story. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Hooded Men Denis Faul, Raymond Murray, 2017 A look at the Irish internees who were subjected to torture in the 1970s, at the hands of RUC and the British Army. |
| brutal torture methods in history: The Day of the Jackal Frederick Forsyth, 1992 #1 New York Times bestselling author Frederick Forsyth's unforgettable novel of a conspiracy, a killer, and the one man who can stop him... He is known only as The Jackal--a cold, calculating assassin without emotion, or loyalty, or equal. He's just received a contract from an enigmatic employer to eliminate one of the most heavily guarded men in the world--Charles De Gaulle, president of France. It is only a twist of fate that allows the authorities to discover the plot. They know next to nothing--only that the assassin is on the move. To track him, they dispatch their finest detective, Claude Lebel, on a manhunt that will push him to his limit, in a race to stop an assassin's bullet from reaching its target. |
BRUTAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of BRUTAL is suitable to one who lacks intelligence, sensitivity, or compassion : befitting a brute. How to use brutal in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Brutal.
BRUTAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
BRUTAL definition: 1. cruel, violent, and completely without feelings: 2. not considering someone's feelings: 3…. Learn more.
BRUTAL Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
a brutal attack on the village. Synonyms: barbarous, brutish, ferocious Antonyms: kind crude; coarse: brutal language. Synonyms: uncivil, rough, rude, gross harsh; ferocious: brutal …
BRUTAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Brutal is used to describe things that have an unpleasant effect on people, especially when there is no attempt by anyone to reduce their effect. The dip in prices this summer will be brutal. The …
Brutal - definition of brutal by The Free Dictionary
1. savage; cruel; inhuman. 2. crude; coarse: brutal language. 3. harsh; severe: a brutal storm. 4. accurate or direct, but displeasing: a brutal fact. 5. of or pertaining to animals; beastly.
brutal adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
direct and clear about something unpleasant; not thinking of people’s feelings. With brutal honesty she told him she did not love him. Definition of brutal adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's …
brutal - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jun 8, 2025 · brutal (comparative more brutal, superlative most brutal) Savagely violent, vicious, ruthless, or cruel, often in an unintelligent manner.
brutal - definition and meaning - Wordnik
brutal: Extremely ruthless or cruel.
Brutal - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
Use brutal to describe something beastly and harsh, like training for a triathlon, a really cold winter in the Arctic, or a mean bouncer at a club who throws people out for no reason.
BRUTAL Synonyms: 196 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Synonyms for BRUTAL: harsh, tough, oppressive, searing, rough, hard, severe, cruel; Antonyms of BRUTAL: easy, light, soft, comfortable, pleasant, luxurious, friendly, cozy
Witchcraft in Europe
German history to the history of the concept of the witch. I use only works published through credible sources by historians who have been established as valid sources of knowledge. I feel …
Could the United States Reinstitute an Official Torture Policy? on …
Adam D. Jacobson, Could the United States Reinstitute an Official Torture Policy?, Journal of Strategic Security, Vol. 10, No. 2 (Summer 2017), pp. 97-118
The Practical Dimension of Neo-Assyrian Militarism. Terror of …
One of the methods of propagating the power of the Assyrian king was through public atrocities. The acts of cruelty warn enemies against defying the Assyrian empire. ... Torture became a con …
A Torture Memo: Reading Violence in the Gulag - Springer
torture, but because he was disturbed by the disorder or the “outrageous acts” taking place at Pechorlag. It is striking that a prisoner’s letter about torture generated a vast investigation that …
Manual on the definition of torture.rev.2010 - UN Human …
4/30 by the European Commission of Human Rights.3 This decision explicitly held that deprivation of food and other items constitutes an “act” of torture.4 Moreover, pain and suffering may be …
Torture of terrorists? Use of torture in a ‘‘war against terrorism ...
Raphae¨lle Branche is a lecturer in contemporary history at the University of Paris I - La Sorbonne (Centre d’Histoire Sociale du XXe Sie`cle, UMR 8058). ... discuss the standard arguments put …
The worst scars are in the mind: psychological torture
amount to torture.12 Conversely, in the discussion whether similar methods used by the Israeli General Security Service for interrogating suspected Palestinian terrorists in the late 1980s and …
Visual Forms, Visceral Themes: Understanding Bodies, …
physical presence, torture fulfilled various roles in the context of the individual’s spiritual wellbeing, the community’s security, and the cementing of the state’s power. Renaissance artists, in a visual …
Cruel. Inhuman. Degrades Us All. Questions and Answers
before long there is a deterioration to the use of methods which amount to torture. Despite this, the US authorities, like those of other states which have practised torture ... Throughout history, …
The Assyrian Empire: Terror Tactics as a Tool of Empire-building
Department of History and Archaeology MA in Greek and Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology: From the Bronze Age Palaces to the Hellenistic Kingdoms ... reveals the aggressive and brutal …
Looking Forward, Not Backward: Refining American …
both to CIA excesses widely seen as torture and to brutal treatment by the military of hundreds of small-fry and mistakenly-arrested innocents in Iraq and Afghanistan and of an unknown number …
A Comprehensive Analysis of the History of Interrogation …
The various facets of police interrogation and its legal history are comprehensively and skillfully studied in George C. Thomas III and Richard A. Leo’s book, Confessions of Guilt: From Torture to …
Medival Torture Methods - 8.camp.aws.org
the shocking often cruel conduits connecting early execution methods with modern day executioners The History of Torture and Execution Jean Kellaway,2003 The History of Torture …
Torture in the Middle Ages - The Dungeons
alternative punishments to torture nowadays, for example the electronic bracelet. Dungeon Links Torture in the Middle Ages is a key topic which features throughout the Dungeon. Learning …
CUSTODIAL TORTURE IN LAW AND PRACTICE WITH …
the policeand due torture the the judicial police werearrested 25 and in3 hadalreadydied torture Teaching and wise see, LAW stateof worst ofhuman by passes torture the press. torture …
Mass Murder or Religious Homicide? - JSTOR
mind and created the perception of a brutal and heartless people, standing out-side of the norms of human behaviour. In a typical depiction, Lévi-Strauss attributed to the Aztecs 'a maniacal …
Blood Rubber - Scholars at Harvard
to forget one of the great mass killings of recent history...it was unmistakably clear that the Congo of a century ago had indeed seen a death toll of Holocaust dimensions" (Hochschild, 1998, pp. 3 …
Police Atrocities and Human Rights in India - IJSR
shocked, etc. In order to coerce confessions, brutal measures were utilised. Torture: India has a lengthy history of police brutality and torture, which is a well - known reality. When questioning …
VIOLENCE IN THE CONGO FREE STATE, - JSTOR
brutal system of forced labour to collect wild rubber.1 It is accepted that the administration of King Leopold II in the Congo Free State (CFS) harnessed a wave of indigenous ... to volume II of the …
“Parrilla urethra”: A sequalae of electric shock torture to …
torture is parrilla torture. Parrilla, a term that stems from the Spanish word meaning a grill or barbeque for cooking meat, is a method of torture in which a victim is strapped to a metal frame …
“Enhanced Interrogation” Explained - Human Rights First
constitute torture,1 or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment—both illegal under U.S. and international law. Several detainees were waterboarded, and the CIA often used combinations of …
Rectal Feeding, Rape, and Torture in the U.S. Interrogation …
2020] Torture in the U.S. Interrogation and Detention Program 491 defense and the gender of the victims. Next, I will analyze the U.S. history of recognizing rape as torture, and specifically …
PRISONERS, PUNISHMENT AND TORTURE - University of …
The term ‘challenging history’ (as used in the Challenging History conference at City University, 23-25 February 2012) is also helpful since it refers to a series of dilemmas that are potentially …
Martial Law as - JSTOR
In Although used online reminds an during article news the the reader entitled Ferdinand source hand-drawn of Rappler "Worse all Marcoss the illustrations different , than the martial author …
Less Than Human - LICADHO
length. Extremely brutal torture formed a key component of those interrogations. I devoted a chapter in my book to torture. I placed the practice in a historical context both globally and in the …
CUSTODIAL TORTURE IN POLICE STATIONS IN INDIA: A …
The webpage critically examines custodial torture in Indian police stations, highlighting systemic issues and advocating for radical reforms to ensure justice.
The role and response of judiciary in prevention of custodial …
convention. The report traces the history of torture in India. It quotes from D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal, wherein the Supreme Court had observed, “Torture has not been defined in the …
Police Interrogation - Bowling Green State University
Reid’s nine-step process of interrogation methods has been revised and expanded in various texts since first introduced in the 1940s and has adopted more manipulative and deceptive practices …
Medieval Times Torture Methods (book) - 10.camp.aws.org
Medieval Times Torture Methods: Medieval Punishments William Andrews,2013-08-01 The brank may be described simply as an iron framework which was ... Jean Kellaway,2003 The History of …
'Marked Severities': The Debate over Torture during …
"Marked Severities'9: The Debate over Torture during America's Conquest of the Philippines, 1899-1902 Frank Schumacher ABSTRACT This essay examines the American debate over torture by …
Spiritual and religious aspects of torture and scalping among …
scalping and torture without more bias than when reading of any practice of atrocities in human history (Keeley 1996, LeBlanc 1999, Osborn 2000). Human violent behaviour exists in a cause …
The History of Torture Throughout the Ages - api.pageplace.de
The History of Torture Throughout the Ages Torture, an enduring and seemingly not declining aspect of ... Bolshevist atrocities, of" Black-and-Tan " outrages, of brutal floggings, of " third …
Torture Methods That Dont Leave Marks
Torture Methods That Dont Leave Marks Jose A. Rodriguez,Bill Harlow Screening Torture Michael Flynn,Fabiola Fernandez Salek,2012-09-18 Before 9/11, films addressing torture outside of the …
Vietnamese Torture Methods
Vietnamese Torture Methods: ... history and to discover what drove the factionalism in Hoa Lo Looking into the underlying factional divide between pro war ... Townley,2014-02-04 During the …
SOVIET PRISON CAMPS AND THEIR LEGACY - Gulag History
accuse any peasant of non-Soviet methods simply because his personal crops or livestock were thriving. Peasants could be judged simply because they owned an extra cow; a jealous neighbor …
Chapter 5 Methods of Controlling Slaves - University of …
intimidation. All these methods were designed to control slaves and keep them working. None of them were completely successful, but they help explain why slavery lasted for 250 years. A Slave …
Journal of Contemporary History Japanese Treatment The …
464; V. Waterford, Prisoners of the Japanese in World War II: Statistical History, Personal Narratives and Memorials (Jefferson, NC 1994), 39; G. Daws, Prisoners of the Japanese: POWs of World …
Gendered Violence in Israeli Detention - JSTOR
developed and used a variety of torture methods and techniques, leading to the deaths of at least seventy-five detainees in Israeli interrogation facilities since 1967.13 Such methods have …
3'$ 48&'41 - New Lines Institute
detainees are subjected to consistent and brutal torture methods, including beatings with metal prods, electric shocks, and whips. The mass internment and related Government programs are …
Why Does Torture Remain So Prevalent Today? - Center for …
believe that the post-9/11 torture methods used against terrorist suspects were justified.viii ... as well as Nicaragua’s Sandinista government repudiated torture publicly, while using brutal …
Notes on the History of Torture in Israel - Adalah
Notes on the History of Torture in Israel ... As a result, the more brutal methods of torture were replaced by other, equally effective, methods. A landmark was the Nafso case from 1980, in …
Scalping, Torture, Cannibalism and Rape: An Ethnohistorical …
Thomas S. Abler, Scalping, Torture, Cannibalism and Rape: An Ethnohistorical Analysis of Conflicting Cultural Values in War, Anthropologica, Vol. 34, No. 1 (1992), pp ...
Scholarly Commons - Ouachita Baptist University
Fouse4! were!thought!to!disagree!(Andersen).!Thesepoliticalsubversives,astheyareoften labeled,weretakenintocustodyanddeniede ven!the!most!basic!human!rights!
AIA PUBLICATIONS AND NEW MEDIA - Archaeological …
under “Torture Methods,” which refers to putting a slave “on the cross”). It was generally used against slaves, traitors, and members of the lower classes who were convicted of politi-cal …
Crime and Punishment The Tudors Cri - Reading Museum
%PDF-1.7 %âãÏÓ 9 0 obj /Length1 36400 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 17200 >> stream xœí½ |\ŵ ½vÌ4:¢° Í« ž…Ø à c_ Õ$ nž¤™›hˆ°“cÏÄo ...
The Gestapo: The Myth and Reality of Hitler’s Secret Police …
to “bin” the victims of Gestapo abuse and torture into specific categories—religious dissidents, Communists, “social outcasts,” and Jews. The mature Gestapo recruited . ordinary officers from …
POLICE INTERVIEWING OF CRIMINAL SUSPECTS - Fair360
Until the 1930s the methods used invariably involved some form of coercion such as threats and physical violence such as beatings and torture. The term “the third degree” was coined to label …
Torture and Islamic Law - Scholars at Harvard
Law and History,” at Harvard University in September 2006. Research on the topic began at the Islamic Legal Studies Program at Harvard Law School, where the author was a Visiting ... data on …
£ITALY @Torture and ill-treatment: a summary of Amnesty …
Italy has ratified the major international instruments prohibiting torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. In December 1988 Italy ratified the European Convention for …
Historicity of Torture: An Analysis of Indian Democracy
Torture is a brutal method of social and political control which relies on complex networks of technology, training, facilitators and perpetrators. ... History of torture, discussion on torture, …
