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| competition definition in biology: Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems Gil Rilov, Jeffrey A. Crooks, 2008-11-12 Biological invasions are considered to be one of the greatest threats to the integrity of most ecosystems on earth. This volume explores the current state of marine bioinvasions, which have been growing at an exponential rate over recent decades. Focusing on the ecological aspects of biological invasions, it elucidates the different stages of an invasion process, starting with uptake and transport, through inoculation, establishment and finally integration into new ecosystems. Basic ecological concepts - all in the context of bioinvasions - are covered, such as propagule pressure, species interactions, phenotypic plasticity, and the importance of biodiversity. The authors approach bioinvasions as hazards to the integrity of natural communities, but also as a tool for better understanding fundamental ecological processes. Important aspects of managing marine bioinvasions are also discussed, as are many informative case studies from around the world. |
| competition definition in biology: Plant Competition in a Changing World Judy Simon, Susanne Schmidt, 2017-06-22 Competitiveness describes a key ability important for plants to grow and survive abiotic and biotic stresses. Under optimal, but particularly under non-optimal conditions, plants compete for resources including nutrients, light, water, space, pollinators and other. Competition occurs above- and belowground. In resource-poor habitats, competition is generally considered to be more pronounced than in resource-rich habitats. Although competition occurs between different players within an ecosystem such as between plants and soil microorganisms, our topic focusses on plant-plant interactions and includes inter-specific competition between different species of similar and different life forms and intra-specific competition. Strategies for securing resources via spatial or temporal separation and different resource needs generally reduce competition. Increasingly important is the effect of invasive plants and subsequent decline in biodiversity and ecosystem function. Current knowledge and future climate predictions suggest that in some situations competition will be intensified with occurrence of increased abiotic (e.g. water and nutrient limitations) and biotic stresses (e.g. mass outbreak of insects), but competition might also decrease in situations where plant productivity and survival declines (e.g. habitats with degraded soils). Changing interactions, climate change and biological invasions place new challenges on ecosystems. Understanding processes and mechanisms that underlie the interactions between plants and environmental factors will aid predictions and intervention. There is much need to develop strategies to secure ecosystem services via primary productivity and to prevent the continued loss of biodiversity. This Research Topic provides an up-to-date account of knowledge on plant-plant interactions with a focus on identifying the mechanisms underpinning competitive ability. The Research Topic aims to showcase knowledge that links ecological relevance with physiological processes to better understanding plant and ecosystem function. |
| competition definition in biology: Encyclopedia of Ecology Brian D. Fath, 2014-11-03 The groundbreaking Encyclopedia of Ecology provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the complete field of ecology, from general to applied. It includes over 500 detailed entries, structured to provide the user with complete coverage of the core knowledge, accessed as intuitively as possible, and heavily cross-referenced. Written by an international team of leading experts, this revolutionary encyclopedia will serve as a one-stop-shop to concise, stand-alone articles to be used as a point of entry for undergraduate students, or as a tool for active researchers looking for the latest information in the field. Entries cover a range of topics, including: Behavioral Ecology Ecological Processes Ecological Modeling Ecological Engineering Ecological Indicators Ecological Informatics Ecosystems Ecotoxicology Evolutionary Ecology General Ecology Global Ecology Human Ecology System Ecology The first reference work to cover all aspects of ecology, from basic to applied Over 500 concise, stand-alone articles are written by prominent leaders in the field Article text is supported by full-color photos, drawings, tables, and other visual material Fully indexed and cross referenced with detailed references for further study Writing level is suited to both the expert and non-expert Available electronically on ScienceDirect shortly upon publication |
| competition definition in biology: Oxford Bibliographies , |
| competition definition in biology: Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates James H. Thorp, Alan P. Covich, 2010 The third edition of Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates continues the tradition of in-depth coverage of the biology, ecology, phylogeny, and identification of freshwater invertebrates from the USA and Canada. This text serves as an authoritative single source for a broad coverage of the anatomy, physiology, ecology, and phylogeny of all major groups of invertebrates in inland waters of North America, north of Mexico. --Book Jacket. |
| competition definition in biology: No Contest Alfie Kohn, 1992 Argues that competition is inherently destructive and that competitive behavior is culturally induced, counter-productive, and causes anxiety, selfishness, self-doubt, and poor communication. |
| competition definition in biology: Comprehensive and Molecular Phytopathology Yuri Dyakov, Vitaly Dzhavakhiya, Timo Korpela, 2007-01-09 This book offers a collection of information on successive steps of molecular 'dialogue' between plants and pathogens. It additionally presents data that reflects intrinsic logic of plant-parasite interactions. New findings discussed include: host and non-host resistance, specific and nonspecific elicitors, elicitors and suppressors, and plant and animal immunity. This book enables the reader to understand how to promote or prevent disease development, and allows them to systematize their own ideas of plant-pathogen interactions.* Offers a more extensive scope of the problem as compared to other books in the market* Presents data to allow consideration of host-parasite relationships in dynamics and reveals interrelations between pathogenicity and resistance factors* Discusses beneficial plant-microbe interactions and practical aspects of molecular investigations of plant-parasite relationships* Compares historical study of common and specific features of plant immunity with animal immunity |
| competition definition in biology: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| competition definition in biology: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| competition definition in biology: Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates James H. Thorp, D. Christopher Rogers, 2014-09-06 Readers familiar with the first three editions of Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates (edited by J.H. Thorp and A.P. Covich) will welcome the comprehensive revision and expansion of that trusted professional reference manual and educational textbook from a single North American tome into a developing multi-volume series covering inland water invertebrates of the world. The series entitled Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates (edited by J.H. Thorp) begins with the current Volume I: Ecology and General Biology (edited by J.H. Thorp and D.C. Rogers), which is designed as a companion volume for the remaining books in the series. Those following volumes provide taxonomic coverage for specific zoogeographic regions of the world, starting with Keys to Nearctic Fauna (Vol. II) and Keys to Palaearctic Fauna (Vol. III). Volume I maintains the ecological and general biological focus of the previous editions but now expands coverage globally in all chapters, includes more taxonomic groups (e.g., chapters on individual insect orders), and covers additional functional topics such as invasive species, economic impacts, and functional ecology. As in previous editions, the 4th edition of Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates is designed for use by professionals in universities, government agencies, and private companies as well as by undergraduate and graduate students. - Global coverage of aquatic invertebrate ecology - Discussions on invertebrate ecology, phylogeny, and general biology written by international experts for each group - Separate chapters on invasive species and economic impacts and uses of invertebrates - Eight additional chapters on insect orders and a chapter on freshwater millipedes - Four new chapters on collecting and culturing techniques, ecology of invasive species, economic impacts, and ecological function of invertebrates - Overall expansion of ecology and general biology and a shift of the even more detailed taxonomic keys to other volumes in the projected 9-volume series - Identification keys to lower taxonomic levels |
| competition definition in biology: Competition and Coexistence Ulrich Sommer, Boris Worm, 2012-12-06 The question Why are there so many species? has puzzled ecologist for a long time. Initially, an academic question, it has gained practical interest by the recent awareness of global biodiversity loss. Species diversity in local ecosystems has always been discussed in relation to the problem of competi tive exclusion and the apparent contradiction between the competitive exclu sion principle and the overwhelming richness of species found in nature. Competition as a mechanism structuring ecological communities has never been uncontroversial. Not only its importance but even its existence have been debated. On the one extreme, some ecologists have taken competi tion for granted and have used it as an explanation by default if the distribu tion of a species was more restricted than could be explained by physiology and dispersal history. For decades, competition has been a core mechanism behind popular concepts like ecological niche, succession, limiting similarity, and character displacement, among others. For some, competition has almost become synonymous with the Darwinian struggle for existence, although simple plausibility should tell us that organisms have to struggle against much more than competitors, e.g. predators, parasites, pathogens, and envi ronmental harshness. |
| competition definition in biology: Holism and Reductionism in Biology and Ecology Rick C. Looijen, 2012-12-06 Holism and reductionism are traditionally seen as incompatible views or approaches to nature. Here Looijen argues that they should rather be seen as mutually dependent and hence co-operating research programmes. He sheds some interesting new light on the emergence thesis, its relation to the reduction thesis, and on the role and status of functional explanations in biology. He discusses several examples of reduction in both biology and ecology, showing the mutual dependence of holistic and reductionist research programmes. Ecologists are offered separate chapters, clarifying some major, yet highly and controversial ecological concepts, such as `community', `habitat', and `niche'. The book is the first in-depth study of the philosophy of ecology. Readership: Specialists in the philosophy of science, especially the philosophy of biology, biologists and ecologists interested in the philosophy of their discipline. Also of interest to other scientists concerned with the holism-reductionism issue. |
| competition definition in biology: The Biosphere Vladimir I. Vernadsky, 2012-12-06 Vladimir Vernadsky was a brilliant and prescient scholar-a true scientific visionary who saw the deep connections between life on Earth and the rest of the planet and understood the profound implications for life as a cosmic phenomenon. -DAVID H. GRINSPOON, AUTHOR OF VENUS REVEALED The Biosphere should be required reading for all entry level students in earth and planetary sciences. -ERIC D. SCHNEIDER, AUTHOR OF INTO THE COOL: THE NEW THERMODYNAMICS OF CREATIVE DESTRUCTION |
| competition definition in biology: Biology for AP ® Courses Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht, 2017-10-16 Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences. |
| competition definition in biology: One-Upmanship Stephen Potter, 2020-12-23 |
| competition definition in biology: Opportunities in Biology National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Commission on Life Sciences, Board on Biology, Committee on Research Opportunities in Biology, 1989-01-01 Biology has entered an era in which interdisciplinary cooperation is at an all-time high, practical applications follow basic discoveries more quickly than ever before, and new technologiesâ€recombinant DNA, scanning tunneling microscopes, and moreâ€are revolutionizing the way science is conducted. The potential for scientific breakthroughs with significant implications for society has never been greater. Opportunities in Biology reports on the state of the new biology, taking a detailed look at the disciplines of biology; examining the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields; and pointing out promising research opportunities. Authored by an expert panel representing a variety of viewpoints, this volume also offers recommendations on how to meet the infrastructure needsâ€for funding, effective information systems, and other supportâ€of future biology research. Exploring what has been accomplished and what is on the horizon, Opportunities in Biology is an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in all subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies. |
| competition definition in biology: Encyclopedia of Biodiversity , 2013-02-05 The 7-volume Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Second Edition maintains the reputation of the highly regarded original, presenting the most current information available in this globally crucial area of research and study. It brings together the dimensions of biodiversity and examines both the services it provides and the measures to protect it. Major themes of the work include the evolution of biodiversity, systems for classifying and defining biodiversity, ecological patterns and theories of biodiversity, and an assessment of contemporary patterns and trends in biodiversity. The science of biodiversity has become the science of our future. It is an interdisciplinary field spanning areas of both physical and life sciences. Our awareness of the loss of biodiversity has brought a long overdue appreciation of the magnitude of this loss and a determination to develop the tools to protect our future. Second edition includes over 100 new articles and 226 updated articles covering this multidisciplinary field— from evolution to habits to economics, in 7 volumes The editors of this edition are all well respected, instantly recognizable academics operating at the top of their respective fields in biodiversity research; readers can be assured that they are reading material that has been meticulously checked and reviewed by experts Approximately 1,800 figures and 350 tables complement the text, and more than 3,000 glossary entries explain key terms |
| competition definition in biology: The Society of Genes Itai Yanai, Martin Lercher, 2016-01-11 Nearly four decades ago Richard Dawkins published The Selfish Gene, famously reducing humans to “survival machines” whose sole purpose was to preserve “the selfish molecules known as genes.” How these selfish genes work together to construct the organism, however, remained a mystery. Standing atop a wealth of new research, The Society of Genes now provides a vision of how genes cooperate and compete in the struggle for life. Pioneers in the nascent field of systems biology, Itai Yanai and Martin Lercher present a compelling new framework to understand how the human genome evolved and why understanding the interactions among our genes shifts the basic paradigm of modern biology. Contrary to what Dawkins’s popular metaphor seems to imply, the genome is not made of individual genes that focus solely on their own survival. Instead, our genomes comprise a society of genes which, like human societies, is composed of members that form alliances and rivalries. In language accessible to lay readers, The Society of Genes uncovers genetic strategies of cooperation and competition at biological scales ranging from individual cells to entire species. It captures the way the genome works in cancer cells and Neanderthals, in sexual reproduction and the origin of life, always underscoring one critical point: that only by putting the interactions among genes at center stage can we appreciate the logic of life. |
| competition definition in biology: Species Concepts in Biology Frank E. Zachos, 2016-10-05 Frank E. Zachos offers a comprehensive review of one of today’s most important and contentious issues in biology: the species problem. After setting the stage with key background information on the topic, the book provides a brief history of species concepts from antiquity to the Modern Synthesis, followed by a discussion of the ontological status of species with a focus on the individuality thesis and potential means of reconciling it with other philosophical approaches. More than 30 different species concepts found in the literature are presented in an annotated list, and the most important ones, including the Biological, Genetic, Evolutionary and different versions of the Phylogenetic Species Concept, are discussed in more detail. Specific questions addressed include the problem of asexual and prokaryotic species, intraspecific categories like subspecies and Evolutionarily Significant Units, and a potential solution to the species problem based on a hierarchical approach that distinguishes between ontological and operational species concepts. A full chapter is dedicated to the challenge of delimiting species by means of a discrete taxonomy in a continuous world of inherently fuzzy boundaries. Further, the book outlines the practical ramifications for ecology and evolutionary biology of how we define the species category, highlighting the danger of an apples and oranges problem if what we subsume under the same name (“species”) is in actuality a variety of different entities. A succinct summary chapter, glossary and annotated list of references round out the coverage, making the book essential reading for all biologists looking for an accessible introduction to the historical, philosophical and practical dimensions of the species problem. |
| competition definition in biology: The Lessons of History Will Durant, Ariel Durant, 2012-08-21 A concise survey of the culture and civilization of mankind, The Lessons of History is the result of a lifetime of research from Pulitzer Prize–winning historians Will and Ariel Durant. With their accessible compendium of philosophy and social progress, the Durants take us on a journey through history, exploring the possibilities and limitations of humanity over time. Juxtaposing the great lives, ideas, and accomplishments with cycles of war and conquest, the Durants reveal the towering themes of history and give meaning to our own. |
| competition definition in biology: Trait-Based Ecology - From Structure to Function , 2015-06-03 The theme of this volume is Trait-Based Ecology - From Structure to Function. - Advances in Ecological Research is one of the most successful series in the highly competitive field of ecology - Each volume publishes topical and important reviews, interpreting ecology as widely as in the past, to include all material that contributes to our understanding of the field - Topics in this invaluable series include the physiology, populations, and communities of plants and animals, as well as landscape and ecosystem ecology |
| competition definition in biology: The Evolution of Sex John Maynard Smith, 1978-08-24 The question of why organisms reproduce sexually is still a matter of controversy. In this account, Professor Maynard Smith considers the selective forces responsible for the origin and evolution of sexual reproduction and genetic recombination, using quantitative population genetics arguments to support his ideas. The relative importance of individual and group selection processes are also considered. the aim is to give a clear statement of the theoretical issues, and present enough of the evidence to show what kinds of facts are relevant. It is hoped that where crucial evidence is missing, experimentalists and field workers may be encouraged to collect the relevant data. The author does not claim to solve all the problems he raises, but this clear and well-argued account should provide stimulating reading for advanced undergraduate students and research workers in evolutionary theory. |
| competition definition in biology: Lagomorph Biology Paulo C. Alves, Nuno Ferrand, Klaus Hackländer, 2007-12-29 This is the first book to cover all aspects of Lagomorph biology. Lagomorphs are a mammalian order which includes rabbits, hares and pikas. They are distributed throughout the world and are of both scientific and public interest as they are classified between endangered and pest species. In addition, some have a high economic value as important game species. In the last few decades, a huge amount of information has been made available to the scientific community that has resulted in remarkable advances on all aspects of Lagomorph biology. |
| competition definition in biology: Mechanisms in Biological Competition Society for Experimental Biology (Great Britain), 1961 |
| competition definition in biology: Conceptual Breakthroughs in Evolutionary Ecology Laurence Mueller, 2019-11-19 Although biologists recognize evolutionary ecology by name, many only have a limited understanding of its conceptual roots and historical development. Conceptual Breakthroughs in Evolutionary Ecology fills that knowledge gap in a thought-provoking and readable format. Written by a world-renowned evolutionary ecologist, this book embodies a unique blend of expertise in combining theory and experiment, population genetics and ecology. Following an easily-accessible structure, this book encapsulates and chronologizes the history behind evolutionary ecology. It also focuses on the integration of age-structure and density-dependent selection into an understanding of life-history evolution. - Covers over 60 seminal breakthroughs and paradigm shifts in the field of evolutionary biology and ecology - Modular format permits ready access to each described subject - Historical overview of a field whose concepts are central to all of biology and relevant to a broad audience of biologists, science historians, and philosophers of science |
| competition definition in biology: Reproductive Allocation in Plants Edward Reekie, Fakhri A. Bazzaz, 2011-05-04 Much effort has been devoted to developing theories to explain the wide variation we observe in reproductive allocation among environments. Reproductive Allocation in Plants describes why plants differ in the proportion of their resources that they allocate to reproduction and looks into the various theories. This book examines the ecological and evolutionary explanations for variation in plant reproductive allocation from the perspective of the underlying physiological mechanisms controlling reproduction and growth. An international team of leading experts have prepared chapters summarizing the current state of the field and offering their views on the factors determining reproductive allocation in plants. This will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduate students, graduate students and researchers in ecology, plant ecophysiology, and population biology. - 8 outstanding chapters dedicated to the evolution and ecology of variation in plant reproductive allocation - Written by an international team of leading experts in the field - Provides enough background information to make it accessible to senior undergraduate students - Includes over 60 figures and 29 tables |
| competition definition in biology: Mathematical Models in Biology Elizabeth Spencer Allman, John A. Rhodes, 2004 This introductory textbook on mathematical biology focuses on discrete models across a variety of biological subdisciplines. Biological topics treated include linear and non-linear models of populations, Markov models of molecular evolution, phylogenetic tree construction, genetics, and infectious disease models. The coverage of models of molecular evolution and phylogenetic tree construction from DNA sequence data is unique among books at this level. Computer investigations with MATLAB are incorporated throughout, in both exercises and more extensive projects, to give readers hands-on experience with the mathematical models developed. MATLAB programs accompany the text. Mathematical tools, such as matrix algebra, eigenvector analysis, and basic probability, are motivated by biological models and given self-contained developments, so that mathematical prerequisites are minimal. |
| competition definition in biology: Dictionary of Theoretical Concepts in Biology Keith E. Roe, Richard G. Frederick, 1981 1166 concepts primarily from English-language articles, books, reviews, and histories published through 1979. Includes plant and animal biology; excludes, for the most part, human and behavioral biology. Each entry gives concept and relevant authoritative citations. Many cross references. |
| competition definition in biology: Resource Competition and Community Structure. (MPB-17), Volume 17 David Tilman, 2020-03-31 One of the central questions of ecology is why there are so many different kinds of plants and animals. Here David Tilman presents a theory of how organisms compete for resources and the way their competition promotes diversity. Developing Hutchinson's suggestion that the main cause of diversity is the feeding relations of species, this book builds a mechanistic, resource-based explanation of the structure and functioning of ecological communities. In a detailed analysis of the Park Grass Experiments at the Rothamsted Experimental Station in England, the author demonstrates that the dramatic results of these 120 years of experimentation are consistent with his theory, as are observations in many other natural communities. The consumer-resource approach of this book is applicable to both animal and plant communities, but the majority of Professor Tilman's discussion concentrates on the structure of plant communities. All theoretical arguments are developed graphically, and formal mathematics is kept to a minimum. The final chapters of the book provide some testable speculations about resources and animal communities and explore such problems as the evolution of super species, the differences between plant and animal community diversity patterns, and the cause of plant succession. |
| competition definition in biology: Insect Pests of Millets A. Kalaisekar, P. G. Padmaja, V. R. Bhagwat, J.V. Patil, 2016-12-23 Insect Pests of Millets: Systematics, Bionomics, and Management focuses on protecting the cultivated cereals that many worldwide populations depend on for food across the semi-arid tropics of the world. Providing coverage of all the major cultivated millets, including sorghum, pearlmillet, finger millet, barnyard millet, prosomillet, little millet, kodomillet, and foxtail millet, this comprehensive book on insect pests is the first of its kind that explores systematics, bionomics, distribution, damage, host range, biology, monitoring techniques, and management options, all accompanied by useful illustrations and color plates. By exploring the novel aspects of Insect-plant relationships, including host signaling orientation, host specialization, pest – host evolutionary relationship, and biogeography of insects and host plants, the book presents the latest ecologically sound and innovative techniques in insect pest management from a general overview of pest management to new biotechnological interventions. - Includes the most comprehensive and relevant aspects of insect systematics, including synonyms, nomenclatural history, and identification characters to quickly guide readers to desired information - Addresses aspects of insect-plant relationships, including host signaling and orientation, host specialization, pest – host evolutionary relationship, and biogeography of insects and host plant - Presents the latest research findings related to the ecological, behavioral, and physiological aspects of millet pests |
| competition definition in biology: In the Light of Evolution National Academy of Sciences, 2007 The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler. |
| competition definition in biology: The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Forum on Microbial Threats, 2011-12-30 Many potential applications of synthetic and systems biology are relevant to the challenges associated with the detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. On March 14 and 15, 2011, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore the current state of the science of synthetic biology, including its dependency on systems biology; discussed the different approaches that scientists are taking to engineer, or reengineer, biological systems; and discussed how the tools and approaches of synthetic and systems biology were being applied to mitigate the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases. The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology is organized into sections as a topic-by-topic distillation of the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. Its purpose is to present information from relevant experience, to delineate a range of pivotal issues and their respective challenges, and to offer differing perspectives on the topic as discussed and described by the workshop participants. This report also includes a collection of individually authored papers and commentary. |
| competition definition in biology: Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Sally E. Smith, David J. Read, 2010-07-26 The roots of most plants are colonized by symbiotic fungi to form mycorrhiza, which play a critical role in the capture of nutrients from the soil and therefore in plant nutrition. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis is recognized as the definitive work in this area. Since the last edition was published there have been major advances in the field, particularly in the area of molecular biology, and the new edition has been fully revised and updated to incorporate these exciting new developments. - Over 50% new material - Includes expanded color plate section - Covers all aspects of mycorrhiza - Presents new taxonomy - Discusses the impact of proteomics and genomics on research in this area |
| competition definition in biology: Encyclopedia of Inland Waters , 2009 |
| competition definition in biology: Competition Models in Population Biology Paul Waltman, 1983-01-01 This book uses fundamental ideas in dynamical systems to answer questions of a biologic nature, in particular, questions about the behavior of populations given a relatively few hypotheses about the nature of their growth and interaction. The principal subject treated is that of coexistence under certain parameter ranges, while asymptotic methods are used to show competitive exclusion in other parameter ranges. Finally, some problems in genetics are posed and analyzed as problems in nonlinear ordinary differential equations. |
| competition definition in biology: Cambridge International AS and A Level Biology C. J. Clegg, 2015-01-30 This title covers the entire syllabus for Cambridge International Examinations' International AS and A Level Biology (9700). It is divided into separate sections for AS and A Level making it ideal for students studying both the AS and the A Level and also those taking the AS examinations at the end of their first year. - Explains difficult concepts using language that is appropriate for students around the world - Provides practice throughout the course with carefully selected past paper questions at the end of each chapter We are working with Cambridge International Examinations to gain endorsement for this title. |
| competition definition in biology: Guidelines for reintroductions and other conservation translocations Reintroduction and invasive species specialist groups' taskforce on moving plants and animals for conservation purposes, 2013 As the world's biodiversity faces the incessant threats of habitat loss, invasive species and climate change, there is an increasing need to consider more direct conservation interventions. Humans have moved organisms between sites for their own purposes for millennia, and this has yielded benefits for human kind, but in some cases has led to disastrous impacts. In response to this complex aspect of conservation management, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) Reintroduction Specialist Group (RSG) and Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) have revised and published the IUCN 'Guidelines for Reintroductions and Other Conservation Translocations'--Website. |
| competition definition in biology: Community Structure and the Niche Paul Giller, 2012-12-06 During the past two decades, there has been a gradual change of emphasis in ecological studies directed at unravelling the complexity of natural communities. Initially, the population approach was used, where interest lay in the way individual populations change and in the identification of factors af fecting these changes. A good understanding of the dynamics of single populations is now emerging, but this has not been a very fruitful approach at the community level. In the natural world, few species can be treated as isolated populations, as most single species are the interacting parts of multispecies systems. This has led to a community approach, involving the study of interrelationships between species within com munities and investigation of the actual organization of natural communities as a whole. The formalization of a number of new concepts and ideas has evolved from this approach, including niche theory, resource allocation, guild structure, limiting similarity, niche width and overlap etc. , which, until fairly recently, have been examined mainly from a theoretical point of view. However, a wealth of field data is gradually being added to the literature, especially from the general areas of island biogeography and resource partitioning amongst closely related species. Community structure embodies patterns of resource allocation and spatial and temporal abundance of species of the community, as well a. '1 community level properties such as trophic levels, succession, nutrient cycling etc. |
| competition definition in biology: The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 Shane Parrish, Rhiannon Beaubien, 2024-10-15 Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage. |
| competition definition in biology: Dynamical Systems and Their Applications in Biology Shigui Ruan, Gail Susan Kohl Wolkowicz, Jianhong Wu, Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, 2003-01-01 This volume is based on the proceedings of the International Workshop on Dynamical Systems and their Applications in Biology held at the Canadian Coast Guard College on Cape Breton Island (Nova Scotia, Canada). It presents a broad picture of the current research surrounding applications of dynamical systems in biology, particularly in population biology. The book contains 19 papers and includes articles on the qualitative and/or numerical analysis of models involving ordinary, partial, functional, and stochastic differential equations. Applications include epidemiology, population dynamics, and physiology. The material is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in ordinary differential equations and their applications in biology. Also available by Ruan, Wolkowicz, and Wu is Differential Equations with Applications to Biology, Volume 21 in the AMS series Fields Institute Communications. |
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Mourad Boukellal : «Dans 2 ou 3 saisons la JSK peut remporter la LDC » Champion d’Afrique avec la JS Kabylie en 1995, Mourad Boukellal vit aujourd’hui au Luxembourg, où il suit …
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CHRONO 13 Jui 2025 Qualif’s-Mondial 2026 : un adversaire de l’Algérie en quête d'un nouveau sélectionneur; 13 Jui 2025 Coupe de la Ligue (réserve) : le Paradou AC remporte le trophée; …
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Approché par nos soins en marge de la cérémonie organisée en l'honneur de l'équipe féminine, le président de la JS Kabylie, El-Hadi Ould-Ali, s'est exprimé sur les ambitions de l'équipe …
Ligue Inter-Régions: la JS Tixeraine et le WA Tlemcen accèdent en …
May 23, 2025 · La JS Tixeraine et le WA Tlemcen ont validé, ce vendredi, leur accession en Ligue 2 Amateurs. Dans le groupe Centre-Ouest, la JS Tixeraine a réalisé une accession historique …
MCA-ESS : Sétif veut piéger le Mouloudia - competition.dz
May 18, 2025 · Sans transition, les Ententistes seront appelés aujourd’hui à livrer au stade du 5-Juillet-1962 une importante rencontre dans le cadre de la 26 e journée du championnat de …
CSC : le CSC vise la quatrième place - competition.dz
CHRONO 13 Jui 2025 De Zerbi: «Gouiri a tout pour être l’un des meilleurs attaquants en Europe»; 12 Jui 2025 CAN-2025 (Dames) : trois arbitres algériens retenus par la CAF ; 12 Jui …
CROP -WEED ASSOCIATION, CROPWEED COMPETITION …
competition for nutrients, moisture, light and space which are the principle factors of production of crop. Generally, an increase in on kilogram of weed growth will decrease one kilogram of crop …
pen or pencil, worksheet Lesson: Symbiosis day #1
•Students will learn the definition of symbiosis. •They will explore the 3 types of symbiotic relationships and examples of each. •They will answer questions, identifying the type of …
Ecology Worksheets - Norfolk Public Schools
Ecology is usually considered to be a branch of biology. _____ 2. The environment of an organism includes only nonliving physical factors. ... c. be in competition with each other. d. …
Biology Topic B16 KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER Adaptations, …
Biology Topic B16 Adaptations, Interdependence and competition KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER Section 1: Key terms Ecosystem The interaction of a community of living organisms (biotic) …
Biological Product Definitions - U.S. Food and Drug …
Price Competition and Innovation Act. As part of fulfilling these additional requirements, information is needed to show that an interchangeable product is expected to
On Evolution under Asymmetric Competition
On Evolution under Asymmetric Competition Richard wLa 1, ualP Marrow 2 and Ulf Dieckmann 2,3 1 Department of Biology, University of York, York YO1 5DD, U.K. 2 Theoretical Biology …
Ecology - Revise Wise
LC Biology – Ecology Theory Definitions Cut dotted horizontal lines. Fold vertical lines. Competition Occurs when two or more organisms actively struggle for a resource that is in …
Interspecific Competition in Plants: How Well Do Current
Questions about Interspecific Competition Because the nature and consequences of interspecific plant competition are so broad and touch on so many subdis-ciplines in ecology, …
Is Voip Reliable For Business [PDF]
Is Voip Reliable For Business Distinguishing Credible Sources 13. Promoting Lifelong Learning Utilizing eBooks for Skill Development Exploring Educational eBooks
5. A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE COMPETITION …
which is external, intentional competition is internal; it concerns the desire on the part of an individual to be number one” (p. 4). One example of structural competition is a zero-sum game …
Competitive Exclusion Principle:
Competition and Character Displacement: Character displacement is defined as the divergence in the characteristics of two otherwise similar species where their ranges overlap, caused by the …
In Search of the Ghost of Competition Past
of competition. Connell (1980) proposed a series of perturbation experi-ments to test whether interspecific competition has oc-curred during the coevolution of two species - what has been …
Competitive index in mixed infections: a sensitive and …
over the growth of others or (iii) competition for resources. Thus, the differences found between mixed infections in plant vs. animal models could be the consequence of differences in the …
BIOLOGY SYLLABUS - Caribbean Examinations Council
CXC 20/G/SYLL 13 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate ® CSEC® a) NCH 2.SYLLABUS BIOLOGY SYLLABUS Effective for examinations …
The Intensity of Competition Versus its Importance: An
process of competition, whereas "importance" concerns the products of competition. Our re-marks are prefigured by the distinction be-tween present competition and the effects of past …
Stages of Ecological Succession What is Ecological …
Definition: Ecological succession is the gradual and sequential replacement of one community by the other in an area over a period of time. According to E.P. Odum (1971), the ecological …
Disruptive Selection in Natural Populations: The Roles of …
might also suffer from greater intraspecific competition for resources. Intermediates are often the most common phenotype among young tadpoles (D. W. Pfennig, un-published data). Provided …
The Competitive Darwin - JSTOR
nation to regard competition as the principal driving force of evolutionary change was again commented on by Alexander Nicholson (1960), who contrasted Darwin's view with Wallace's. …
Food Webs, Competition Graphs, and Habitat Formation
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Diversity and the Coevolution of Competitors, or the Ghost …
competition past Joseph H. Connell Connell, J. H. 1980. Diversity and the coevolution of competitors, or the ghost of competition past. - Oikos 35: 131-138. That niches of competitors …
Classification and Biodiversity - WJEC
Competition All organisms compete for survival. Animals compete for: • food, territory and mates. Plants compete for: • light, water and minerals. Interspecific competition – competition …
Evolution - WJEC
Competition and selection pressure The competition for limited resources could be: The phenotype of an organism could give an advantage in the competition for resources, and that …
Relationships Worksheet Symbiotic Relationships, Predation …
Competition – two or more organisms fight for resources (food, space, shelter, a mate), can be between same species or different species. Symbiosis PRACTICE Directions: Read each of …
Chapter 54: Community Ecology - Zunick
3. Competition is an interaction. What is G. F. Gause’s competitive exclusion principle? Give one example. 4. Define ecological niche. 5. Several species of Anolis lizards live in the same types …
Invasive Species Definition Clarification and Guidance
be affected depending upon the definition, use, and policy implications of the term. In particular, the desire to consider a non-native species ... pH, nutrient availability, or competition for …
Definitions and Concepts for AQA Biology GCSE - Bourne …
GCSE Biology Key Words Prokaryotic cell: A type of cell found in bacteria that does not contain a nucleus. Resolution: The ability to distinguish two different points in a specimen. Specialised …
7.1 Adaptations, interdependence and competition Part 1
BIOLOGY Topic Paper: 7.1 Adaptations, interdependence and competition Part 1 Time allowed: 35 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: the Periodic Table/Data Sheet, provided …
Nonequilibrium Ecology - Cambridge University Press
Definition and evolution of communities 27 Equilibrium, and disturbance leading to nonequilibrium 32 Species nonsaturation and nonequilibria 39 3 Interspecific competition: definition and …
Sequential oncogenic mutations influence cell competition
epithelia, cell competition occurs betweensingle-anddouble-mutantcells; the former frequently undergo apoptosis and are engulfed by the latter. Thus, sequential oncogenic mutations can …
By Andrew J. Hansen - Montana State University
28 Yellowstone Science 17(3) • 2009 use of natural resources including recreation, forest products, forage, and minerals. The national parks serve both as nature reserves and as sites …
Alternative Models of Character Displacement and Niche …
THERE IS COMPETITION FOR NUTRITIONALLY NONSUBSTITUTABLE RESOURCES PETER A. ABRAMS Department of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of Minnesota, …
Competition
Competition Competition occurs when animals utilize common resources that are in short supply; or if resources are not in short supply, competition occurs when the animals seeking those …
The role of interspecific interference competition in …
the definition of ECD to include interference competition (e.g. Adams, 2004), but recent reviews of ECD have placed interference competition in a separate category along with other processes, …
Community Ecology - East Tennessee State University
Interspecific competition can occur when species compete for a resource that limits their growth and survival. When two species engage in interspecific competition for a limiting resource, the …
Topic Level GCSE (or any course for students aged 11- - the …
www.thescienceteacher.co.uk | resources for science teachers who like to think Topic Ecological terms Level GCSE (or any course for students aged 11- 16) Outcomes To understand the …
Report of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Synthetic …
3.1. New technological developments in synthetic biology; 3.2. Synthetic biology applications that are in early stages of research and development, vis-à-vis the three objectives of the …
Competitive Release - Saylor Academy
demonstrating competitive release is Joseph Connell’s (1961) study of competition for space between the barnacle species Balanus and Chthamalus in the intertidal zone on the rocky …
Synthetic Biology. Latest developments, biosafety …
There is currently no internationally agreed consensus about a definition of synthetic biology. Although having such a definition could facilitate enabling a rational discussion of this issue, …
BIOLOGY SYLLABUS - Curriculum Online
Biology is the study of life. Through the study of biology students employ the processes of science in their investigations and explore the diversity of life and the inter-relationship between …
Ecology: A revolution in resource partitioning - Cell Press
competition and coexistence, the structure of food webs, the evolutionary processes that shape foraging behavior, and the information needed to sustain endangered species both in the wild …
Weed-Crop Competition - Wiley Online Library
2 Definition of Plant Competition 6 3 Competition in the Community 9 Plant Communities 9 ... The Importance of Weed Biology and Ecology 160 9 Methods Used to Study Weed-Crop …
Population, Community & Ecosystem Worksheet Name - NFEI
Use the wordbank to match the definition with the term. (#1-8) Ecosystem Organism Biome Biosphere Abiotic Biotic Community Population 1. Living part of the environment _____ 2. …
biological interactions - IGNTU
In the broadest definition, symbiosis has been used to describe biological interactions known as mutualism, commensalisms, and parasitism. ... Competition between microbial species may …
National 5 Biology Homework Booklet Life on Earth
2. A student set up 5 petri dishes to investigate competition in cress seed germination. Each dish contained a thin layer of cotton wool soaked in water and a different number of cress seeds …
Predation and Competition: The Interaction of Two Types of …
tacked onto the competition equations given above, with no change in the pre-existing competitive terms at all. The intensity of competition in this model (as gauged by Gij) is independent of …
