| cad to usd rate history: MultiCurrency Capabilities in PeopleSoft Anil Goel, Gaurav Singhal, 2010-10 |
| cad to usd rate history: International Financial Management Geert Bekaert, Robert Hodrick, 2017-11-30 Combining academic theory with practical case studies, this book helps students understand global financial markets and business management. |
| cad to usd rate history: Inside the Currency Market Brian Twomey, 2011-10-04 A complete resource to trading today's currency market Currency movements are impacted by a variety of factors, including interest rates, trade balances, inflation levels, monetary and fiscal policies, and the political climate. Traders use both fundamental data and a variety of technical tools to trade within this market. Inside the Currency Market describes both the underlying dynamics that drive this market and the strategies that can help you capture consistent profits in it. Page by page, this reliable guide skillfully discusses the structure of the market, its roles in the global economy, the forces that drive currency values, trading strategies, and tactics. It also offers a detailed understanding of how global financial flows, derivatives, and other markets such as oil and gold impact currencies. Along the way, author and professor Brian Twomey provides information on gathering and analyzing global financial data so that traders can gain a big-picture perspective when attempting to identify trades. Explains virtually every element of the market and can function as a desk reference that puts everyday events into context for traders Fundamentally driven trades based on interest rate differentials and trade imbalances are discussed, as well as technical trades involving chart patterns, trends, and trading ranges Each chapter contains questions and answers to help readers master the material The currency market continues to generate interest and attract new retail traders due to the many opportunities available within it. This book will show you how to successfully operate within this arena by making the most informed trading decisions possible. |
| cad to usd rate history: Money and Exchange in Europe and America, 1600-1775 John J. McCusker, 1992-01 Money and Exchange in Europe and America, 1600-1775: A Handbook |
| cad to usd rate history: History of Monetary Policy in India Since Independence Ashima Goyal, 2014-07-16 The book discusses Indian post-independence monetary history in the context of the country’s development and the global changes of the period. The conceptual framework used is the SIIO (Structure, Ideas, Institutions and Outcomes) paradigm. That is, structure and ideas become embedded in institutions and affect outcomes. Narrative history, data analysis and research reports demonstrate the dialectic between ideas and structure with respect to monetary history, aspects of India’s development, and the global institutions and events that impacted monetary choices. The history of the economy and of the global changes that affected it covers a time when major changes took place both in India and internationally. India’s greater openness is important both for it and for the world, but it occurred at a time of major global crises. How did these impact monetary choices and how did the latter help India navigate the crises while maintaining its trajectory towards greater liberalization? The book explores these and other relevant but under-analyzed questions. The initial combination of ideas and structure created fiscal dominance and made monetary policy procyclical. An aggregate supply-and-demand framework derived from forward-looking optimization subject to Indian structural constraints is able to explain growth and inflation outcomes in the light of policy actions. Using exogenous supply shocks to identify policy shocks and to isolate their effects, demonstrate that policy was sometimes exceedingly strict despite the common perception of a large monetary overhang. Surges and sudden stops in capital flow also constrained policy. But the three factors that cause a loss of monetary autonomy—governments, markets and openness—moderate each other. Markets moderate fiscal profligacy and global crises moderate market freedoms and ensure openness remains a sequenced and gradual process. The book argues greater current congruence between ideas and structure is improving institutions and contributing to India’s potential. |
| cad to usd rate history: History Erased Mirek Karasek, 2021-08-23 The information about the book is not available as of this time. |
| cad to usd rate history: British Historical Statistics B. R. Mitchell, 1988-09-08 This 1988 reference book provides the major economic and social statistical series for the British Isles from the twelfth century up until 1980-81. The text provides informed access to a wide range of economic data, without the labour of identifying sources or of transforming many different annual sources into a comparable time series. |
| cad to usd rate history: Foreign-Exchange-Rate Forecasting with Artificial Neural Networks Lean Yu, Shouyang Wang, Kin Keung Lai, 2007-08-02 The book focuses on forecasting foreign exchange rates via artificial neural networks. It creates and applies the highly useful computational techniques of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to foreign-exchange-rate forecasting. The result is an up-to-date review of the most recent research developments in forecasting foreign exchange rates coupled with a highly useful methodological approach to predicting rate changes in foreign currency exchanges. Foreign Exchange Rate Forecasting with Artificial Neural Networks is targeted at both the academic and practitioner audiences. Managers, analysts and technical practitioners in financial institutions across the world will have considerable interest in the book, and scholars and graduate students studying financial markets and business forecast will also have considerable interest in the book. The book discusses the most important advances in foreign-exchange-rate forecasting and then systematically develops a number of new, innovative, and creatively crafted neural network models that reduce the volatility and speculative risk in the forecasting of foreign exchange rates. The book discusses and illustrates three general types of ANN models. Each of these model types reflect the following innovative and effective characteristics: (1) The first model type is a three-layer, feed-forward neural network with instantaneous learning rates and adaptive momentum factors that produce learning algorithms (both online and offline algorithms) to predict foreign exchange rates. (2) The second model type is the three innovative hybrid learning algorithms that have been created by combining ANNs with exponential smoothing, generalized linear auto-regression, and genetic algorithms. Each of these three hybrid algorithms has been crafted to forecast various aspects synergetic performance. (3) The third model type is the three innovative ensemble learning algorithms that combining multiple neural networks into an ensemble output. Empirical results reveal that these creative models can produce better performance with high accuracy or high efficiency. |
| cad to usd rate history: Exchange Rates and International Financial Economics J. Kallianiotis, 2013-10-02 The recent financial crisis has troubled the US, Europe, and beyond, and is indicative of the integrated world in which we live. Today, transactions take place with the use of foreign currencies, and their values affect the nations' economies and their citizens' welfare. Exchange Rates and International Financial Economics provides readers with the historic, theoretical, and practical knowledge of these relative prices among currencies. While much of the previous work on the topic has been simply descriptive or theoretical, Kallianiotis gives a unique and intimate understanding of international exchange rates and their place in an increasingly globalized world. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Discovery of Slowness Sten Nadolny, 1997-06-01 In The Discovery of Slowness, German novelist Sten Nadolny recounts the life of the nineteenth-century British explorer Sir John Franklin (1786-1847). The reader follows Franklin's development from awkward schoolboy and ridiculed teenager to expedition leader, governor of Tasmania, and icon of adventure. Everyone with whom he came into contact sensed that he was a rare man, one who was “out of his time” and who moved to a different, grander beat. That beat eventually led Franklin to sail once more—on his final, fateful voyage—into the Arctic in search of the Northwest Passage. The Discovery of Slowness is both a riveting account of a remarkable and varied life, and a profound and thought-provoking meditation on time. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Watershed Year P Chidambaram, 2024-02-18 August 15, 2022 marked the beginning of India's 75th year of independence. The year was significant in another way too-as the precursor to elections in 2024. With an incumbent government that in the last ten years has undertaken widespread changes, some controversial, how the people will vote in this election points to more than the usual selection of representatives to the Parliament: they would also be showing their approval for the direction some would like the country to take. Is India still a secular, sovereign, democratic country in the same sense as the founding fathers of the republic envisaged? How has the country fared on matters of governance? Do the economic policies assure a secure future for the people? As P. Chidambaram reminds us, democracy is not just voting once every five years. Democracy has to be practised every day, through dialogue, discussion, debate and dissent. His column takes on the issues without flinching or ambiguity. It is an Opposition view, but even discounting party politics, one that provides a valuable perspective. As India prepares for elections, the arguments in The Watershed Year will help clarify the basis for judging which way we want to go. |
| cad to usd rate history: Boston in Transit Steven Beaucher, 2023-03-07 A richly illustrated story of public transit in one of America’s most historic cities, from public ferry and horse-drawn carriage to the MBTA. A lively tour of public transportation in Boston over the years, Boston in Transit maps the complete history of the modes of transportation that have kept the city moving and expanding since its founding in 1630—from the simple ferry serving an English settlement to the expansive network of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, or MBTA. The story of public transit in Boston—once dubbed the Hub of the Universe—is a journey through the history of the American metropolis. With a remarkable collection of maps and architectural and engineering drawings at hand, Steven Beaucher launches his account from the landing where English colonists established that first ferry, carrying passengers between what is now Boston’s North End and Charlestown—and sparing them what had been a two-day walk around Boston Harbor. In the 1700s, horse-drawn coaches appeared on the scene, connecting Boston and Cambridge, with the bigger, better Omnibus soon to follow. From horse-drawn coaches, horse-drawn railways evolved, making way for the electric streetcar networks that allowed the city’s early suburbs to sprout—culminating in the multimodal, regional public transportation network in place in Boston today. With photographs, brochures, pamphlets, guidebooks, timetables, and tickets, Boston in Transit creates a complete picture of the everyday experience of public transportation through the centuries. At once a practical reference, local history, and travelogue, this book will be cherished by armchair tourists, day-trippers, and serious travelers alike. |
| cad to usd rate history: City Abandoned Vincent D. Feldman, 2014-03-31 A deeply moving survey of the great civic structures that Philadelphia erected, then neglected.—Philadelphia Inquirer An aesthetic masterpiece—most relevant and revealing for our time.—Robert Venturi With the photographs in this book, Vincent Feldman offers Philadelphians a testament of who we were, who we are, and who we are likely to become. Some of his subjects have succumbed to neglect or demolition (the Ridge Avenue Farmers' Market, for example); some have been successfully rehabilitated to new uses (the Victory Building); while others remain in limbo in their ruined states—their futures far from secure. Yet besides recording the current state of the buildings, Feldman's photographs can play an active role in their preservation and renovation. His photos can serve, not only as documentary records, but also as catalysts for the rescue and rehabilitation of some of Philadelphia's most significant and neglected abandoned city architecture. By focusing on buildings that embody the civic aspirations of decades past and by portraying them in such stark terms, Vincent Feldman has created a body of work that is a vivid reminder of the fragile nature of what we have inherited and the need to remain ever diligent in its preservation.—John Andrew Gallery, On Vincent Feldman's Philadelphia [Feldman's] images move us to a deeper feeling and understanding of the city, as they pose important questions about our stewardship and the city's future. It's the story of a city on the edge, and we're glad to be along for this freeze-frame journey of photographic brinksmanship.—Kenneth Finkel, Looking at the Past By inviting you to look carefully at buildings from Philadelphia's past, I hope to promote inquiry about our history and also to inspire thoughtful discussion about what we might do for our future.—Vincent D. Feldman, from his Introduction [Vincent] Feldman is not the kind of photographer who shoots and runs. An old-school craftsman, he uses a large-format view camera much like the one Mathew Brady hauled around to record the devastation of the Civil War. Feldman then retreats to the darkroom to print his images on paper, rendering them with such precision that bricks and stones appear to leap from the page in three-dimensional relief.—Inga Saffron, Philadelphia Inquirer The Wall Street Journal writes that the images of City Abandoned are a melancholy catalog of such civic failures. In understated compositions that transcend merely local appeal, [Feldman] documents schools, theaters, hotels and churches left to deteriorate even as Philadelphia's downtown has boomed. |
| cad to usd rate history: Opium John H. Halpern, David Blistein, 2019-08-13 From a psychiatrist on the frontlines of addiction medicine and an expert on the history of drug use comes the authoritative, engaging, and accessible history of the flower that helped to build (Booklist) -- and now threatens -- modern society. Opioid addiction is fast becoming the most deadly crisis in American history. In 2018, it claimed nearly fifty thousand lives -- more than gunshots and car crashes combined, and almost as many Americans as were killed in the entire Vietnam War. But even as the overdose crisis ravages our nation -- straining our prison system, dividing families, and defying virtually every legislative solution to treat it -- few understand how it came to be. Opium tells the fascinating (Lit Hub) and at times harrowing tale of how we arrived at today's crisis, mak[ing] timely and startling connections among painkillers, politics, finance, and society (Laurence Bergreen). The story begins with the discovery of poppy artifacts in ancient Mesopotamia, and goes on to explore how Greek physicians and obscure chemists discovered opium's effects and refined its power, how colonial empires marketed it around the world, and eventually how international drug companies developed a range of powerful synthetic opioids that led to an epidemic of addiction. Throughout, Dr. John Halpern and David Blistein reveal the fascinating role that opium has played in building our modern world, from trade networks to medical protocols to drug enforcement policies. Most importantly, they disentangle how crucial misjudgments, patterns of greed, and racial stereotypes served to transform one of nature's most effective painkillers into a source of unspeakable pain -- and how, using the insights of history, state-of-the-art science, and a compassionate approach to the illness of addiction, we can overcome today's overdose epidemic. This urgent and masterfully woven narrative tells an epic story of how one beautiful flower became the fascination of leaders, tycoons, and nations through the centuries and in their hands exposed the fragility of our civilization. An NPR Best Book of the YearA landmark project. -- Dr. Andrew WeilEngrossing and highly readable. -- Sam QuinonesAn astonishing journey through time and space. -- Julie Holland, MDThe most important, provocative, and challenging book I've read in a long time. -- Laurence Bergreen |
| cad to usd rate history: Capital Flows are Fickle Mr.John C Bluedorn, Rupa Duttagupta, Mr.Jaime Guajardo, Petia Topalova, 2013-08-23 Has the unprecedented financial globalization of recent years changed the behavior of capital flows across countries? Using a newly constructed database of gross and net capital flows since 1980 for a sample of nearly 150 countries, this paper finds that private capital flows are typically volatile for all countries, advanced or emerging, across all points in time. This holds true across most types of flows, including bank, portfolio debt, and equity flows. Advanced economies enjoy a greater substitutability between types of inflows, and complementarity between gross inflows and outflows, than do emerging markets, which reduces the volatility of their total net inflows despite higher volatility of the components. Capital flows also exhibit low persistence, across all economies and across most types of flows. Inflows tend to rise temporarily when global financing conditions are relatively easy. These findings suggest that fickle capital flows are an unavoidable fact of life to which policymakers across all countries need to continue to manage and adapt. |
| cad to usd rate history: Glaucon's Fate Jacob Howland, 2018-11-06 Centering on the question whether conversation can shape the soul, Glaucon's Fate is a powerful new interpretation of Plato's Republic. |
| cad to usd rate history: Learn Red – Fundamentals of Red Ivo Balbaert, 2018-05-18 Discover how to use the next-generation language Red for full-stack development, from systems coding over user-interfaces to blockchain programming Key Features Explore the latest features of Red to build scalable, fast, and secure applications Learn graphical programming and build highly sophisticated reactive applications Get familiar with the specific concepts and techniques of Red development, like working with series, viewing code as data, and using dialects. Book Description A key problem of software development today is software bloat, where huge toolchains and development environments are needed in software coding and deployment. Red significantly reduces this bloat by offering a minimalist but complete toolchain. This is the first introductory book about it, and it will get you up and running with Red as quickly as possible. This book shows you how to write effective functions, reduce code redundancies, and improve code reuse. It will be helpful for new programmers who are starting out with Red to explore its wide and ever-growing package ecosystem and also for experienced developers who want to add Red to their skill set. The book presents the fundamentals of programming in Red and in-depth informative examples using a step-by-step approach. You will be taken through concepts and examples such as doing simple metaprogramming, functions, collections, GUI applications, and more. By the end of the book, you will be fully equipped to start your own projects in Red. What you will learn Set up your Red environment to achieve the highest productivity Get grounded in Red, gaining experience and insight through many examples and exercises Build simple, compact, and portable applications Analyze streams of data through Parse Compose GUI applications with View and Draw Get prepared for smart contract blockchain programming in Red Who this book is for This book is for software developers and architects who want to learn Red because of its conciseness, flexibility, and expressiveness, and more specifically for its possibilities in GUI apps and blockchain / smart contracts programming. Some knowledge of the basic concepts and experience of any programming language is assumed. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Metalogicon of John of Salisbury , 2023-11-10 This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1955. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Technical Data Financial Markets Almanac 1995 Ed. Technical Data, 1996 Authored by a leader in the financial markets analysis industry, the Almanac provides annual market performance reviews, featuring a day-to-day breakdown of market-moving events through December 31, 1994. Educational definitions and descriptions of major technical analysis methods are included, as well as helpful market analysis tips. |
| cad to usd rate history: Implementing Enterprise Risk Management John R. S. Fraser, Betty Simkins, Kristina Narvaez, 2014-10-09 Overcome ERM implementation challenges by taking cues from leading global organizations Implementing Enterprise Risk Management is a practical guide to establishing an effective ERM system by applying best practices at a granular level. Case studies of leading organizations including Mars, Statoil, LEGO, British Columbia Lottery Corporation, and Astro illustrate the real-world implementation of ERM on a macro level, while also addressing how ERM informs the response to specific incidents. Readers will learn how top companies are effectively constructing ERM systems to positively drive financial growth and manage operational and outside risk factors. By addressing the challenges of adopting ERM in large organizations with different functioning silos and well-established processes, this guide provides expert insight into fitting the new framework into cultures resistant to change. Enterprise risk management covers accidental losses as well as financial, strategic, operational, and other risks. Recent economic and financial market volatility has fueled a heightened interest in ERM, and regulators and investors have begun to scrutinize companies' risk-management policies and procedures. Implementing Enterprise Risk Management provides clear, demonstrative instruction on establishing a strong, effective system. Readers will learn to: Put the right people in the right places to build a strong ERM framework Establish an ERM system in the face of cultural, logistical, and historical challenges Create a common language and reporting system for communicating key risk indicators Create a risk-aware culture without discouraging beneficial risk-taking behaviors ERM is a complex endeavor, requiring expert planning, organization, and leadership, with the goal of steering a company's activities in a direction that minimizes the effects of risk on financial value and performance. Corporate boards are increasingly required to review and report on the adequacy of ERM in the organizations they administer, and Implementing Enterprise Risk Management offers operative guidance for creating a program that will pass muster. |
| cad to usd rate history: Sword and Scimitar Raymond Ibrahim, 2018-08-28 A sweeping history of the often-violent conflict between Islam and the West, shedding a revealing light on current hostilities The West and Islam -- the sword and scimitar -- have clashed since the mid-seventh century, when, according to Muslim tradition, the Roman emperor rejected Prophet Muhammad's order to abandon Christianity and convert to Islam, unleashing a centuries-long jihad on Christendom. Sword and Scimitar chronicles the decisive battles that arose from this ages-old Islamic jihad, beginning with the first major Islamic attack on Christian land in 636, through the Muslim occupation of nearly three-quarters of Christendom which prompted the Crusades, followed by renewed Muslim conquests by Turks and Tatars, to the European colonization of the Muslim world in the 1800s, when Islam largely went on the retreat -- until its reemergence in recent times. Using original sources in Arabic and Greek, preeminent historian Raymond Ibrahim describes each battle in vivid detail and explains how these wars and the larger historical currents of the age reflect the cultural fault lines between Islam and the West. The majority of these landmark battles -- including the battles of Yarmuk, Tours, Manzikert, the sieges at Constantinople and Vienna, and the crusades in Syria and Spain--are now forgotten or considered inconsequential. Yet today, as the West faces a resurgence of this enduring Islamic jihad, Sword and Scimitar provides the needed historical context to understand the current relationship between the West and the Islamic world -- and why the Islamic State is merely the latest chapter of an old history. |
| cad to usd rate history: Britain and Canada and Their Large Neighboring Monetary Unions Amy Verdun, 2006 Britain is confronted with the EU and its Economic and Monetary Union or the 'eurozone' an area of 12 EU Member States in which the Euro is the single currency. At a time in which the discussion revolves around the future of national currencies, this work looks at the question of monetary integration for the cases of Britain and Canada. |
| cad to usd rate history: Barack and Joe Steven Levingston, 2019-10-08 A Washington Post 2019 Notable Selection A vivid and inspiring account of the bromance between Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The extraordinary partnership of Barack Obama and Joe Biden is unique in American history. The two men, their characters and styles sharply contrasting, formed a dynamic working relationship that evolved into a profound friendship. Their affinity was not predestined. Obama and Biden began wary of each other: Obama an impatient freshman disdainful of the Senate's plodding ways; Biden a veteran of the chamber and proud of its traditions. Gradually they came to respect each other's values and strengths and rode into the White House together in 2008. Side-by-side through two tension-filled terms, they shared the day-to-day joys and struggles of leading the most powerful nation on earth. They accommodated each other's quirks: Biden's famous miscues kept coming, and Obama overlooked them knowing they were insignificant except as media fodder. With his expertise in foreign affairs and legislative matters, Biden took on an unprecedented role as chief adviser to Obama, reshaping the vice presidency. Together Obama and Biden guided Americans through a range of historic moments: a devastating economic crisis, racial confrontations, war in Afghanistan, and the dawn of same-sex marriage nationwide. They supported each other through highs and lows: Obama provided a welcome shoulder during the illness and death of Biden's son Beau. As many Americans turn a nostalgic eye toward the Obama presidency, Barack and Joe offers a new look at this administration, its absence of scandal, dedication to truth, and respect for the media. This is the first book to tell the full story of this historic relationship and its substantial impact on the Obama presidency and its legacy. |
| cad to usd rate history: Operation Thunderbolt Saul David, 2015-12-01 The definitive account of one of the greatest Special Forces missions ever, the Raid of Entebbe, by acclaimed military historian Saul David. On June 27, 1976, an Air France flight from Tel Aviv to Paris was hijacked by a group of Arab and German terrorists who demanded the release of 53 terrorists. The plane was forced to divert to Entebbe, in Uganda -- ruled by the murderous despot Idi Amin, who had no interest in intervening. Days later, Israeli commandos disguised as Ugandan soldiers assaulted the airport terminal, killed all the terrorists, and rescued all the hostages but three who were killed in the crossfire. The assault force suffered just one fatality: its commander, Yoni Netanyahu (brother of Israel's Prime Minister.) Three of the country's greatest leaders -- Ehud Barak, Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Rabin -- planned and pulled off one of the most astonishing military operations in history. |
| cad to usd rate history: A New World Begins Jeremy Popkin, 2019-12-10 From an award-winning historian, a “vivid” (Wall Street Journal) account of the revolution that created the modern world The French Revolution’s principles of liberty and equality still shape our ideas of a just society—even if, after more than two hundred years, their meaning is more contested than ever before. In A New World Begins, Jeremy D. Popkin offers a riveting account of the revolution that puts the reader in the thick of the debates and the violence that led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a new society. We meet Mirabeau, Robespierre, and Danton, in all their brilliance and vengefulness; we witness the failed escape and execution of Louis XVI; we see women demanding equal rights and Black slaves wresting freedom from revolutionaries who hesitated to act on their own principles; and we follow the rise of Napoleon out of the ashes of the Reign of Terror. Based on decades of scholarship, A New World Begins will stand as the definitive treatment of the French Revolution. |
| cad to usd rate history: International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards , 2004 |
| cad to usd rate history: Manitoba Law Journal Special Issue: Essays in Legal History in Honour of DeLloyd J. Guth - 2020 Volume 43(1) , The Manitoba Law Journal is a peer-reviewed journal founded in 1961. The MLJ's current mission is to provide lively, independent and high caliber commentary on legal events in Manitoba or events of special interest to our community. This issue has articles from a variety of contributing authors. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Amphibians and Reptiles of Alberta Anthony Patrick Russell, Aaron M. Bauer, Wayne Lynch, Irene McKinnon, 2000 Amphibians and reptiles (herpetofauna) are a significant but much-neglected component of the natural economy of the province of Alberta. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Alberta, Second Edition continues both as a field guide and a comprehensive natural history, builds on the strengths of the first with a richly illustrated text and colour photographs of the species taken by renowned wildlife photographer Wayne Lynch. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Alberta, First Edition won an Emerald Award for Environmental Excellence and an award from the Book Publishers Association of Alberta. This second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated. Nomenclature has been changed to reflect current thinking in the field. New photographs have been added, and maps and illustrations have been updated. This is the essential reference for Alberta herpetofauna. |
| cad to usd rate history: Blood and Germs Gail Jarrow, 2020-10-13 Acclaimed author Gail Jarrow, recipient of a 2019 Robert F. Sibert Honor Award, explores the science and grisly history of U.S. Civil War medicine, using actual medical cases and first-person accounts by soldiers, doctors, and nurses. The Civil War took the lives of hundreds of thousands of Americans and left countless others with disabling wounds and chronic illnesses. Bullets and artillery shells shattered soldiers' bodies, while microbes and parasites killed twice as many men as did the battles. Yet from this tragic four-year conflict came innovations that enhanced medical care in the United States. With striking detail, this nonfiction book reveals battlefield rescues, surgical techniques, medicines, and patient care, celebrating the men and women of both the North and South who volunteered to save lives. |
| cad to usd rate history: Deep Delta Justice Matthew Van Meter, 2020-07-28 The book that inspired the documentary A Crime on the Bayou 2021 Chautauqua Prize Finalist The arresting, astonishing history of one lawyer and his defendant who together achieved a civil rights milestone (Justin Driver). In 1966 in a small town in Louisiana, a 19-year-old black man named Gary Duncan pulled his car off the road to stop a fight. Duncan was arrested a few minutes later for the crime of putting his hand on the arm of a white child. Rather than accepting his fate, Duncan found Richard Sobol, a brilliant, 29-year-old lawyer from New York who was the only white attorney at the most radical law firm in New Orleans. Against them stood one of the most powerful white supremacists in the South, a man called simply The Judge. In this powerful work of character-driven history, journalist Matthew Van Meter vividly brings alive how a seemingly minor incident brought massive, systemic change to the criminal justice system. Using first-person interviews, in-depth research and a deep knowledge of the law, Van Meter shows how Gary Duncan's insistence on seeking justice empowered generations of defendants-disproportionately poor and black-to demand fair trials. Duncan v. Louisiana changed American law, but first it changed the lives of those who litigated it. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Myth of 1648 Benno Teschke, 2020-05-05 Winner of the 2003 Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize This book rejects a commonplace of European history: that the treaties of Westphalia not only closed the Thirty Years' War but also inaugurated a new international order driven by the interaction of territorial sovereign states. Benno Teschke, through this thorough and incisive critique, argues that this is not the case. Domestic 'social property relations' shaped international relations in continental Europe down to 1789 and even beyond. The dynastic monarchies that ruled during this time differed from their medieval predecessors in degree and form of personalization, but not in underlying dynamic. 1648, therefore, is a false caesura in the history of international relations. For real change we must wait until relatively recent times and the development of modern states and true capitalism. In effect, it's not until governments are run impersonally, with no function other than the exercise of its monopoly on violence, that modern international relations are born. |
| cad to usd rate history: Toward Freedom Toure Reed, 2020-02-25 “The most brilliant historian of the black freedom movement” reveals how simplistic views of racism and white supremacy fail to address racial inequality—and offers a roadmap for a more progressive, brighter future (Cornel West, author of Race Matters). The fate of poor and working-class African Americans—who are unquestionably represented among neoliberalism’s victims—is inextricably linked to that of other poor and working-class Americans. Here, Reed contends that the road to a more just society for African Americans and everyone else is obstructed, in part, by a discourse that equates entrepreneurialism with freedom and independence. This, ultimately, insists on divorcing race and class. In the age of runaway inequality and Black Lives Matter, there is an emerging consensus that our society has failed to redress racial disparities. The culprit, however, is not the sway of a metaphysical racism or the modern survival of a primordial tribalism. Instead, it can be traced to far more comprehensible forces, such as the contradictions in access to New Deal era welfare programs, the blinders imposed by the Cold War, and Ronald Reagan's neoliberal assault on the half-century long Keynesian consensus. |
| cad to usd rate history: Why Did the Heavens Not Darken? Arno J. Mayer, 2012-08-21 Was the extermination of the Jews part of the Nazi plan from the very start? Arno Mayer offers astartling and compelling answer to this question, which is much debated among historians today.In doing so, he provides one of the most thorough and convincing explanations of how the genocidecame about in Why Did the Heavens Not Darken?, which provoked widespread interest and controversywhen first published. Mayer demonstrates that, while the Nazis’ anti-Semitism was always virulent, it did not becomegenocidal until well into the Second World War, when the failure of their massive, all-or-nothingcampaign against Russia triggered the Final Solution. He details the steps leading up to thisenormity, showing how the institutional and ideological frameworks that made it possible evolved,and how both related to the debacle in the Eastern theater. In this way, the Judeocide is placedwithin the larger context of European history, showing how similar ‘holy causes’ in the past havetriggered analogous – if far less cataclysmic – infamies. |
| cad to usd rate history: Money Jacob Goldstein, 2020-09-08 The co-host of the popular NPR podcast Planet Money provides a well-researched, entertaining, somewhat irreverent look at how money is a made-up thing that has evolved over time to suit humanity's changing needs. Money only works because we all agree to believe in it. In Money, Jacob Goldstein shows how money is a useful fiction that has shaped societies for thousands of years, from the rise of coins in ancient Greece to the first stock market in Amsterdam to the emergence of shadow banking in the 21st century. At the heart of the story are the fringe thinkers and world leaders who reimagined money. Kublai Khan, the Mongol emperor, created paper money backed by nothing, centuries before it appeared in the west. John Law, a professional gambler and convicted murderer, brought modern money to France (and destroyed the country's economy). The cypherpunks, a group of radical libertarian computer programmers, paved the way for bitcoin. One thing they all realized: what counts as money (and what doesn't) is the result of choices we make, and those choices have a profound effect on who gets more stuff and who gets less, who gets to take risks when times are good, and who gets screwed when things go bad. Lively, accessible, and full of interesting details (like the 43-pound copper coins that 17th-century Swedes carried strapped to their backs), Money is the story of the choices that gave us money as we know it today. |
| cad to usd rate history: Tattered Banners Colonel Paul Rodzianko C.M.G., 2018-05-24 Remembering life under the Romanovs “With his eye for detail, his taste for anecdote, and his sheer delight in the process of living, Rodzianko has created a delightful, if often sad, work.”―Gary Saul Morson, from his new foreword for this first American edition Capacious, powerful, and subtle—a forgotten work with real claims to historic interest and aesthetic value . . . It is Paradise Lost as told by Dostoevsky.—Washington Independent Review of Books Born into Russian aristocracy at the end of the 19th Century, Paul Rodzianko led a life rich in love, challenged by war, and inspired by great jumping horses. With humor and infectious joy, he recounts the adventures of his charmed childhood―playing with his cousins at the Winter Palace, riding horses at his family’s many country estates, and, most spectacularly, serving as a page in the court of Tsar Nicolas II. Then, on August 1, 1914, Russia and Germany declare war on each other, and, Rodzianko writes, “The hurricane descended and swept our world away.” Serving in the Chevalier Guards, he fights first against the Germans and then, after the Revolution, against the Reds in Siberia. He writes movingly about WWI and the Russian Civil War: the initial excitement about going to war and the grim realities, the frustrating shortages of munitions and the failures of the railroads, the shocking execution of the Romanovs, and the brutal deaths of millions of young men. Tattered Banners is an evocative and haunting account of a time and people that have continued to intrigue us for more than a century. |
| cad to usd rate history: Stalled Michael Hlinka, 2015-03-28 There are many things North Americans take for granted — including a robust economy. But the past fifteen years have seen persistent stagnation that threatens the results of fifty years of previous growth. Without letting rising consumer debt cloud the question, Michael Hlinka diagnoses Canada’s economic woes and lays out a road map back to growth. |
| cad to usd rate history: Observation Medicine Sharon E. Mace, 2017-03-16 Using sample administrative and clinical protocols that any hospital can use, this book gives a detailed account of how to set up and run an observation unit and reviews all medical conditions in which observation medicine may be beneficial. In addition to clinical topics such as improving patient outcomes and avoiding readmissions, it also includes practical topics such as design, staffing, and daily operations; fiscal aspects, such as coding, billing, and reimbursement; regulatory concerns, such as aligning case management and utilization review with observation; nursing considerations; and more. The future of observation medicine, and how it can help solve the healthcare crisis from costs to access, is also discussed. Although based on US practices, this book is also applicable to an international audience, and contains instructions for implementing observation in any setting or locale and in any type of hospital or other appropriate facility. |
| cad to usd rate history: The Impossible Presidency Jeremi Suri, 2017-09-12 A bold new history of the American presidency, arguing that the successful presidents of the past created unrealistic expectations for every president since JFK, with enormously problematic implications for American politics In The Impossible Presidency, celebrated historian Jeremi Suri charts the rise and fall of the American presidency, from the limited role envisaged by the Founding Fathers to its current status as the most powerful job in the world. He argues that the presidency is a victim of its own success-the vastness of the job makes it almost impossible to fulfill the expectations placed upon it. As managers of the world's largest economy and military, contemporary presidents must react to a truly globalized world in a twenty-four-hour news cycle. There is little room left for bold vision. Suri traces America's disenchantment with our recent presidents to the inevitable mismatch between presidential promises and the structural limitations of the office. A masterful reassessment of presidential history, this book is essential reading for anyone trying to understand America's fraught political climate. |
| cad to usd rate history: Forty Years of Uranium Resources, Production and Demand in Perspective OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 2006 The Red Book, jointly prepared by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency, is a recognised world reference source on the uranium industry. This publication collates and analyses key information drawn from the twenty editions of the Red Book published between 1965 and 2004, in order to set out a comprehensive review of developments in the world uranium industry from the birth of civilian nuclear energy through to the beginning of the 21st century. It summarises developments in the major uranium-producing countries and topics covered include: installed nuclear capacity, reactor-related uranium requirements, market price, exploration, resources, production, natural and enriched uranium inventories, thorium, mine start-up and closure histories, environmental aspects of uranium mining and processing. |
| cad to usd rate history: Whiplash Joi Ito, Jeff Howe, 2016-12-06 This brilliant and provocative (Walter Isaacson) guide shares nine principles to adapt and survive the technological changes shaping our future from the director of the MIT Media Lab and a veteran Wired journalist. The world is more complex and volatile today than at any other time in our history. The tools of our modern existence are getting faster, cheaper, and smaller at an exponential rate, transforming every aspect of society, from business to culture and from the public sphere to our most private moments. The people who succeed will be the ones who learn to think differently. In Whiplash, Joi Ito and Jeff Howe distill that logic into nine organizing principles for navigating and surviving this tumultuous period: Emergence over Authority Pull over Push Compasses over Maps Risk over Safety Disobedience over Compliance Practice over Theory Diversity over Ability Resilience over Strength Systems over Objects Filled with incredible case studies and cutting-edge research and philosophies from the MIT Media Lab and beyond, Whiplash will help you adapt and succeed in this unpredictable world./DIV |
HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN DOLLAR - cclgroup.com
This summary provides a perspective of the modern-day history of Canadian-US dollar exchange rate fluctuations. Figure 1 shows the level of exchange rates from 1953 to December 31, 2019. …
PACIFIC Exchange Rate Service https://fx.sauder.ubc.ca …
USD U.S. Dollars DEM German Marks JPY Japanese Yen GBP British Pounds FRF French Francs CHF Swiss Francs ITL Italian Lira AUD Australian Dollars 0.91827 3.8521 331.589 …
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN DOLLAR - cclgroup.com
Chart 1 shows the level of exchange rates from 1953 to January 2016. The Canadian dollar spent much of 1953 to 1960 in the $1.02 to $1.06 (US) range. It topped out at $1.0614 (US) on …
A History of the CANADIAN DOLLAR - Bank of Canada
A History of the CANADIAN DOLLAR The history of Canada’s money provides a unique perspective from which to view the growth and development of the Canadian economy and …
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): Canadian dollar to US dollar
USD per 1 CAD Average Exchange Rate Purchasing Power Parity Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): Canadian dollar to US dollar Source: OECD. Diagram: Prof. W. Antweiler, University of …
Max Min End period - RBC Capital Markets
1. Quick turn in positioning: almost net neutral USD . US economic data surprising to the downside Source: Bloomberg, RBC Capital Markets Forecasts Source: RBC Capital Markets …
Interest Rates - BMO
Mar 13, 2025 · CAD Prime Rate: Effective as of March 13, 2025 for Canada (All provinces) US Prime Rate: Effective as of December 22, 2024 for Canada (All provinces) Prime Rate C$
PACIFIC Exchange Rate Service https://fx.sauder.ubc.ca …
CAD Canadian Dollars CHF Swiss Francs ITL Italian Lira AUD Australian Dollars ... euro-based pseudo rate 1.8088 140.491 0.80454 6.0665 1.3499 0.89849 1790.74 1.50519 euro-based …
A History of the Canadian Dollar - Appendix A Purchasing …
When the consumer price index (CPI) is used to measure inflation, the average annual rate of inflation in Canada since 1914 is 3.2 per cent. Thus, the Canadian dollar lost more than 94 per …
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN DOLLAR - cclgroup.com
Chart 1 shows the level of exchange rates from 1953 to January 2016. The Canadian dollar spent much of 1953 to 1960 in the $1.02 to $1.06 (US) range. It topped out at $1.0614 (US) on …
Return to a Fixed Exchange Rate - Bank of Canada
After stabilizing at about US$0.95 between November 1961 and March 1962, the Canadian dollar began to weaken further, despite significant intervention by the Bank of Canada on behalf of …
Canada under Fixed Exchange Rates and Exchange Controls
The spreads for both the U.S. dollar and the pound sterling were narrowed slightly in October 1945 by reducing the selling rate for the U.S. dollar to Can$1.1050 (US$0.9046) and …
NBF Currency Outlook - National Bank
USD /CAD: orst er o ears anada - 2022) USD D) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2022 CAD e surge S. -2 - 2022) nts) 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 …
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Australian Dollar AUD 53.23 59.75 53.29 58.01 53.60 57.70 53.43 57.88 58.01 USD/INR 6 months 1.5400% Canadian Dollar CAD 59.78 65.85 60.34 64.66 60.68 64.32 60.49 64.51 …
Much Appreciated? The Rise of the Canadian Dollar, 2002-2008
Between 2002 and 2008, the Canadian dollar appreciated in real terms against the US dollar by 60 percent. This large change in real exchange rates between such major trading partners as …
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A History of the Canadian Dollar - The Depression Years
At the height of the Depression in 1933, real output in Canada had fallen by roughly 28 per cent from its 1929 level, while prices, as measured by the GDP deflator, had declined by about 15 …
Return to a Floating Rate - Bank of Canada
By 1972, the Canadian dollar had traded through parity with its U.S. counterpart. It reached a high of US$1.0443 on 25 April 1974. The strength of the Canadian dollar through this period can …
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The final rate applicable unless mentioned will be the card rate prevailing at the time debit /credit to the account of the client GBP-USD 1.2828 1.3684 AUD-OMR 0.2509 0.2785 SAR-HKD …
Max 20 12 month forecast currency returns vs USD, quarterly ...
The forward curve is pricing a terminal rate of ~5.42% (Nov) up from 5.35% terminal (Jul) a month ago but that still leaves another 20bps to be priced in if the June SEP turns out to be right. …
Appendix B Multicurrency in QuickBooks Online - Intuit
4 Appendix B • The currency appears in the Payment, Deposit, Sales tax, and Balance Due columns on bank and credit account histories. • The currency appears in the Amount column …
Hedging Foreign Exchange Rate Risk with CME FX Futures
In Scenario 2, the CAD/USD rate has fallen 5 cents vs. USD, from 0.9000 on April 1 to 0.8500 on September 1. As in the previous scenario, that again equals a 500 point move ($0.0001 per …
BMO® High Interest Savings Account
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Euro Foreign Exchange Reference Rates - European Central Bank
CAD Canadian dollar 1.5632 CNY Chinese yuan renminbi 8.0794 HKD Hong Kong dollar 8.7519 IDR Indonesian rupiah 18542.91 ILS Israeli shekel 3.9816 INR Indian rupee 95.7558 KRW …
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usd-zar eur-zar gbp-zar zar-chf zar-jpy zar-aud zar-bwp zar/inr zar/sgd zar/cad zar/chy 02-jan-23 17.0036 18.1854 20.5935 18.4002 7.7031 0.0864 0.7473 4.8584 0.0788 12.5429 2.4669 03 …
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Please clear browser history/cookies before accessing the interest rate chart in order to view the latest effective interest rates. *For terms & conditions and any ...
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Uzbekistan-Som 9,500.0000 Vanuatu-Vatu 112.8000 Venezuela-Bolivar Soberano 45,874.8086 Venezuela-Fuerte (OLD) 248,832.0000 Vietnam-Dong 23,171.0000
Return to a Fixed Exchange Rate - Bank of Canada
66 A History of the Canadian Dollar During the late 1950s, Canadian authorities became concerned about a deterioration in Canada’s ... The US$0.9250 rate at which the Canadian …
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The price of gold remained remarkably stable for long periods of time. For example, Sir Isaac Newton, as master of the U.K. Mint, set the gold price at L3.17s. 10d. per troy ounce in 1717, …
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Much Appreciated? The Rise of the Canadian Dollar, 2002-2008
history. While the recent surge in the currency is unprecedented, the dollar has experienced large swings in its value in the last 50 years, and the recent episode should be interpreted in light of …
Understanding Forward Exchange Rates for Currency
In Table 4.1, the cad/usd forward rate exceeds the spot rate for all maturities. Traders would say that the usd trades at a premium. Obviously, if the cad/usd rate is at a premium, the usd/cad …
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currency is the Canadian dollar (CAD), US dollar (USD), British pound sterling (GBP), or Euro (EUR). To edit an exchange rate: 1. From the Currency List, double click the currency. 2. Add …
CDOR Transition FAQs - Bank of Canada
issues in the context of the new, higher standards expected of critical interest rate benchmarks to ensure anada’s benchmark regime is robust and resilient in the future. Among other things, ...
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MSCI EAFE Index
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US Average Monthly Foreign Exchange Rate Table - Kenway …
U.S. Average Monthly Foreign Exchange Rate Table per schedule1 This information is intended for general purposes only. Care has been taken to ensure the information herein is accurate. …
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I. CONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES WITH BANGKO SENTRAL
BSP Reference Rate: PHP 56.100 PDS Closing Rate (27-Sep-2024): PHP 56.077 SDR Rate: $ 1.35499
2023 Historic Rates - AIB
USD/JPY 132.025 141.04 151.64 13/11/23 127.87 13/01/23 140.57 EUR/GBP ... EUR/CAD 1.4459 1.46061 1.50311 26/04/23 1.4197 27/09/23 1.4592 EUR/DKK 7.4365 7.4552 7.4647 …
A History of the Canadian Dollar - Appendix A Purchasing …
Even with a low annual inflation rate of 2 per cent (the midpoint of the Bank of Canada’s 1 to 3 per cent target range for inflation since 1995), ... 90 A History of the Canadian Dollar minimum …
RBC Investment Savings® Account – Interest Rate Sheet
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Answers to the Chapter Exercises - Wiley Online Library
CHAPTER 3 Interest Rate Exercises 1. The interest on USD 10,000,000 for 3 months (90 days) at r = 4.80% (where this is a simple actual/360 rate): USD 10,000,000 × (.0480) × (90/360) = …
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replacements for IBORs (such as SOFR for USD LIBOR) ... o CAD CDOR 1M, 2M, 3M, 6M, 12M o CHF LIBOR S/N, 1W, 1M, 2M, 3M, 6M, 12M . ... Fallback Rate two payment business days …
NBF Currency Outlook - National Bank
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Term CORRA Methodology - CanDeal
(Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average), CARR has developed a methodology to support the creation of a robust Term CORRA reference rate for select uses in the transition away from …
EXCHANGE RATE PUBLIC QUOTATION BẢNG TỶ GIÁ CÔNG …
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Currency Converter Foreign Exchange Rates OANDA - .NET …
What is the interbank rate and should I use it? Why do currency conversion rates differ between companies? What is the best time to exchange my money or to buy or sell currencies?
BMO Dividend ETFs - BMO Canada
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I. CONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES WITH BANGKO SENTRAL
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Tuesday, 31 December 2024 - rbz.co.zw
currency indices bid ask mid rate bid rate ask rate mid rate zwg zwg zwg interbank rate usd 1 1 1.0000 25.1535 26.4435 25.7985 zar 18.7934 18.8079 18.80065 0.7107 0.7477 0.7292 gbp * …
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): Canadian dollar to US dollar
0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 USD per 1 CAD Average Exchange Rate Purchasing Power Parity
WMR FX Benchmarks, Spot, Forward, NDF and Metal Rates
Service covering 24 currencies against JPY, USD, GBP and EUR. In 2018 this was extended to cover 31 currencies. In 2024, the WMR Metals Rates service was introduced to include 4 …
Wednesday, 27 July 2022 - Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe
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MSCI World Index
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Vanguard All-Equity ETF Portfolio | VEQT - The Vanguard Group
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Recommended terms for inter-bank CORRA/SOFR cross …
Alignment of interest payment or rate fixing dates . Single currency OIS transactions have different payment lags (ie: +2 in USD and +1 in CAD). t CARRt recommends the practice of …
CME Conversion for CAD CDOR Cleared Swaps - CME Group
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Part 04-06-12 - Annual average exchange rates. - Revenue …
Canadian dollar CAD 1.5300 1.4826 1.3695 1.4595 1.4821 ... US dollar USD 1.1422 1.1827 1.0530 1.0813 1.0824. Revenue Cáin agus Custaim na hEireann Irish Tax and Customs . ...
Canadian interest rate benchmark reform - Bank of Canada
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CAD Weekly Outlook - Scotiabank
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Currency CAD About the benchmark •The CRSP US Total Market Index is amarket-capitalization-weighted index representing the returns of large-, mid-, small- and micro-capitalization stocks …
Aud To Usd Exchange Rate Forecast - ru.pir.org
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BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN DOLLAR - cclgroup.com
The Bank of Canada’s key interest rate reached 21.2% in 1981, and the Canadian dollar hit an all-time low of 69.13 cents (US) on February 4, 1986. ... history and matches peak to trough …
