| c-r-a math: Making Mathematics Accessible for Elementary Students who Struggle Margaret Flores, Megan Burton, Vanessa Hinton, 2018 Making Mathematics Accessible for Elementary Students Who Struggle: Using CRA/CSA for Interventions provides educators with focused methods for students who struggle in elementary mathematics. The methods and procedures revolve around the CRA/CSA (concrete-representational/semi-concrete-abstract) instructional sequence. These strategies are intended for small group intensive instruction, one that addresses students' need for increased repetition and explicitness that cannot be provided within a large group of students with diverse learning needs. Current research on the CRA/CSA instructional sequence is scattered across multiple resources. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date research in one user-friendly resource. The sequence is included in every chapter and addresses instruction related to number sense, counting, basic operations, complex operations, basic fraction concepts, and operations with fractions. This resource is written by experienced professors spanning the fields of special education and curriculum and teaching. Its professional insight, aligned with current mathematical teaching standards and CRA/CSA research, makes this text invaluable to upcoming or current teachers in elementary mathematics. Features: Explicit and hands-on examples of CRA/CSA's use aligned with current mathematics standards and practices, Suggestions and tips for various classroom situations, Application questions for every chapter, Drawings and diagrams associated with steps of the teaching process, Classroom-tested strategies Book jacket. |
| c-r-a math: Differentiating Math Instruction, K-8 William N. Bender, 2013-09-11 Real-time strategies for real-life results! Are you struggling to balance your students’ learning needs with their learning styles? William Bender’s new edition of this teacher favorite is like no other. His is the only book that takes differentiated math instruction well into the twenty-first century, successfully blending the best of what technology has to offer with guidelines for meeting the objectives set forth by the Common Core. Every innovation in math instruction is addressed: Flipping math instruction Project-based learning Using Khan Academy in the classroom Educational gaming Teaching for deeper conceptual understanding |
| c-r-a math: Guided Math Workshop Laney Sammons, Donna Boucher, 2017-03-01 This must-have resource helps teachers successfully plan, organize, implement, and manage Guided Math Workshop. It provides practical strategies for structure and implementation to allow time for teachers to conduct small-group lessons and math conferences to target student needs. The tested resources and strategies for organization and management help to promote student independence and provide opportunities for ongoing practice of previously mastered concepts and skills. With sample workstations and mathematical tasks and problems for a variety of grade levels, this guide is sure to provide the information that teachers need to minimize preparation time and meet the needs of all students. |
| c-r-a math: Response to Intervention in Math Paul J. Riccomini, Bradley S. Witzel, 2010 Provides educators with instructions on applying response-to-intervention (RTI) while teaching and planning curriculum for students with learning disabilities. |
| c-r-a math: Solving for Why John Tapper, 2022-10-25 Solving for Why offers educators the tools and guidance essential for successfully solving for why students struggle with mathematics. The step-by-step, RTI (Response to Intervention) - like approaches, focused on assessment and communication with students, help teachers gain insight into student understanding in a remarkably different way that recipe-type approaches that assume the same solution applies to learners with similar struggles. With Solving for Why you'll learn how to: identify a struggling math learner; develop theories for why a learner may be struggling; facilitate a Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) Assessment; implement an insightful Collaborative Study; conduct powerful student interviews; support learners who struggle with memory challenges, attention deficit disorder, and affective difficulties (math anxiety); differentiate instruction through a main lesson-menu lesson plan; and more. Each chapter includes reproducible templates for ease in carrying out the assessments. A final section offers resources for supporting students who struggle with additive reasoning, multiplicative reasoning, fractions, and proportional reasoning. The reproducibles are also available in a downloadable, printable format. |
| c-r-a math: Math Instruction for Students with Learning Difficulties Susan Perry Gurganus, 2021-11-29 This richly updated third edition of Math Instruction for Students with Learning Difficulties presents a research-based approach to mathematics instruction designed to build confidence and competence in preservice and inservice PreK- 12 teachers. Referencing benchmarks of both the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, this essential text addresses teacher and student attitudes towards mathematics as well as language issues, specific mathematics disabilities, prior experiences, and cognitive and metacognitive factors. Chapters on assessment and instruction precede strands that focus on critical concepts. Replete with suggestions for class activities and field extensions, the new edition features current research across topics and an innovative thread throughout chapters and strands: multi-tiered systems of support as they apply to mathematics instruction. |
| c-r-a math: What Really Works With Universal Design for Learning Wendy W. Murawski, Kathy Lynn Scott, 2019-03-07 Learn how to REALLY improve outcomes for all students How do we remove learning barriers and provide all students with the opportunity to succeed? Written for both general and special educators from grades Pre-K through 12, What Really Works with Universal Design for Learning is the how-to guide for implementing aspects of Universal Design Learning (UDL) to help every student be successful. UDL is the design and delivery of curriculum and instruction to meet the needs of all learners by providing them with choices for what and why they are learning and how they will share what they have learned. Calling on a wide-range of expert educators, this resource features An unprecedented breadth of UDL topics, including multiple content areas, pedagogical issues, and other critical topics like executive function, PBIS, and EBD Reproducible research-based, field-tested tools Practical strategies that are low cost, time efficient, and easy to implement Practices for developing shared leadership and for working with families Educators want to see each and every student succeed. This teacher-friendly, hands-on resource shows how UDL can be used to build the flexibility required to meet students’ strengths and needs without overwhelming teachers in the process |
| c-r-a math: Guided Math: A Framework for Mathematics Instruction Second Edition Laney Sammons, 2019-03-22 This instructional math framework provides an environment for mathematics that fosters mathematical thinking and understanding while meeting the needs of all students. Educators will learn how to effectively utilize small-group and whole-group instruction, manipulatives, math warm-ups, and math workshop to engage students in connecting mathematics to their own lives. Maximize the impact of your instruction with ideas for using ongoing assessment and differentiation strategies. This second edition resource provides practical guidance and sample lessons for grade-level bands K-2, 3-5, 6-8, and 9-12. Promote a classroom environment of numeracy and mathematical discourse with this essential professional resource for K-12 math teachers! |
| c-r-a math: RTI Strategies for Secondary Teachers Susan Gingras Fitzell, 2011-09-21 A strategy bank for secondary teachers While planning lessons, many teachers wonder, If I try this, will it work? Will I lose ground in teaching the concept? Will it help my students make the grade, pass the state tests, or get into college? Teachers want solutions, not theory. This book offers a bank of proven RTI strategies for Grades 6–12 that will elevate test scores and improve student achievement for all students, not just struggling learners. The author explains how RTI fits into secondary education and applies it to math, reading comprehension, writing, and more. She summarizes Tiers One, Two, and Three in teacher-friendly language and includes Easy-to-implement and practical interventions Sample lesson plans and visual models Examples of how to address budgeting, staffing, performance, and student culture constraints The grouping strategies included in each lesson plan improve students′ social skills and, in concert with other circumstances, can reduce referrals to special education. RTI Strategies for Secondary Teachers will help teachers take their instruction up a notch in every classroom and reduce stress in the process. |
| c-r-a math: Math Instruction for Students with Learning Problems Susan Perry Gurganus, 2017-02-24 Math Instruction for Students with Learning Problems, Second Edition provides a research-based approach to mathematics instruction designed to build confidence and competence in pre- and in-service PreK–12 teachers. This core textbook addresses teacher and student attitudes toward mathematics, as well as language issues, specific mathematics disabilities, prior experiences, and cognitive and metacognitive factors. The material is rich with opportunities for class activities and field extensions, and the second edition has been fully updated to reference both NCTM and CCSSM standards throughout the text and includes an entirely new chapter on measurement and data analysis. |
| c-r-a math: Mathematics Strategies for the Inclusive Classroom Toby Karten, 2019-02-22 This reference guide is designed to help educators as they plan and teach mathematics lessons within inclusive K-5 classrooms. It provides instructional strategies to establish and maintain high math expectations and outcomes for all students, including those with IEPs, English learners, and other students with differences. These strategies value appropriate adaptations, which include: modeling, scaffolding, reinforcing, strengthening, and enriching learner levels. Recommendations for core instruction, inclusive strategies, and resources are offered to increase learners’ procedural and conceptual mathematical knowledge. |
| c-r-a math: Essentials of Evidence-Based Academic Interventions Barbara J. Wendling, Nancy Mather, 2008-11-19 Essentials of Evidence-Based Academic Interventions puts at your fingertips the successful instructional techniques and materials necessary for accurate and effective use of evidence-based interventions. Written by Barbara Wendling and Nancy Mather, two experts in educational assessment and intervention, this intervention-oriented reference presents clear descriptions of research-based interventions in the areas of: phonological awareness and beginning reading phonics; phonics and sight word instruction; reading fluency; vocabulary and reading comprehension; spelling, handwriting, and written expression; basic math skills; and math problem-solving. |
| c-r-a math: Ubiquitous Learning Terry T. Kidd, Irene Chen, 2011-07-01 Ubiquitous Learning: Strategies for Pedagogy, Course Design, and Technology bridges the gap between digital media and education, by presenting an intriguing look on the future of education. By combining theory, research, and practice, this book paints a broad picture of the field of ubiquitous learning by focuses on how to use theory and research to enhance technology integration to support teaching and learning through instructional design strategies for instruction, models and frameworks for course design, and applications of mobile and social media tools to create, implement, and deliver a ubiquitous learning environment. This book is of interest to researchers and graduate students in educational technology, information sciences, adult learning and other learning and performance fields, as well as university faculty, teachers, administrators, policymakers, and industry leaders, who can use this text to make essential decisions related to their respective roles in education. Ubiquitous Learning: Strategies for Pedagogy, Course Design, and Technology is a great reference for those who wish to enhance their levels of teaching and student engagement though the use of technology. |
| c-r-a math: Symbolizing, Modeling and Tool Use in Mathematics Education K.P Gravemeijer, R. Lehrer, H.J. van Oers, Lieven Verschaffel, 2013-03-09 This book explores the option of building on symbolizing, modeling and tool use as personally meaningful activities of students. It discusses the dimension of setting: varying from the study of informal, spontaneous activity of students, to an explicit focus on instructional design, and goals and effects of instruction; and the dimension of the theoretical framework of the researcher: varying from constructivism, to activity theory, cognitive psychology and instructional-design theory. |
| c-r-a math: Towards Equity in Mathematics Education Helen Forgasz, Ferdinand Rivera, 2012-03-19 This volume gathers together twenty major chapters that tackle a variety of issues associated with equity in mathematics education along the dimensions of gender, culture, curriculum diversity, and matters of a biological nature. The pursuit of equity in mathematics education is an important concern in the history of the present. Since there is no doubt about the significant role of mathematics in almost every aspect of life, it means that all individuals regardless of sex, in any age range, and in whatever context need to be provided with an opportunity to become mathematically able. The publication of this Springer volume on equity in mathematics education is situated at a time when there is strong and sustained research evidence indicating the persistence of an equity gap in mathematics, which has now enabled the mathematics education community to engage in a discourse of access for all. The research studies that are reported and discussed in the volume have been drawn from an international group of distinguished scholars whose impressive, forward-looking, and thought-provoking perspectives on relevant issues incite, broaden, and expand complicated conversations on how we might effectively achieve equity in mathematics education at the local, institutional, and systemic levels. Further, the up-to-date research knowledge in the field that is reflected in this volume provides conceptual and practical outlines for mechanisms of change, including models, examples, and usable theories that can inform the development of powerful equitable practices and the mobilization of meaningful equity interventions in different contexts of mathematics education. |
| c-r-a math: Curricula for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder Hsu-Min Chiang, 2018-01-24 This book provides an extensive overview of curricula and instructional strategies for teaching children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It offers an empirically solid framework for designing and developing interventions for learners along the autism spectrum by reducing skill deficits and enhancing learner strengths while being flexible enough to allow for individual differences. The book discusses key concepts in educating individuals with ASD as they impact the processes of syllabus building, from planning goals and objectives to generating content choosing appropriate teaching strategies, and assessing progress. Chapters detail curriculum designs in academic areas such as language skills, science, and social studies, as well as functional skills, including independent living, career development, and preventing social victimization. The book concludes with recommendations for future interventions and curricula-building. Among the topics covered: Communication and autism spectrum disorder. Mathematical problem-solving instruction for students with ASD. Visual arts curriculum for students with ASD. How to build programs focused on daily living and adult independence. Sexuality education for students with ASD. Curricula for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder is a must-have resource for researchers, graduate students, and clinicians and related therapists and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, childhood/special education, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, and child and adolescent psychiatry. |
| c-r-a math: The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research Sally A. Fincher, Anthony V. Robins, 2019-02-13 This is an authoritative introduction to Computing Education research written by over 50 leading researchers from academia and the industry. |
| c-r-a math: Teaching Elementary Mathematics to Struggling Learners Bradley S. Witzel, Mary E. Little, 2016-01-25 Packed with effective instructional strategies, this book explores why certain K-5 students struggle with math and provides a framework for helping these learners succeed. The authors present empirically validated practices for supporting students with disabilities and others experiencing difficulties in specific areas of math, including problem solving, early numeracy, whole-number operations, fractions, geometry, and algebra. Concrete examples, easy-to-implement lesson-planning ideas, and connections to state standards, in particular the Common Core standards, enhance the book's utility. Also provided is invaluable guidance on planning and delivering multi-tiered instruction and intervention. |
| c-r-a math: The AMTE Handbook of Mathematics Teacher Education Babette M. Benken, 2024-02-01 This new volume of The Association of Mathematics Teacher Educators (AMTE) Professional Book Series is a critical and timely resource that paves the way and guides the future of mathematics teacher education. The collection of work in this AMTE Handbook of Mathematics Teacher Education reflects on research and what we know about how best to prepare and support both mathematics teachers and mathematics teacher educators and presents what is happening in the field. Examples included in the 22 chapters highlight how we are preparing teachers across multiple contexts (e.g., within district, in content courses for the major) and grade ranges (K-20+) and all chapters highlight relevant connections to the AMTE Standards for Preparing Teachers of Mathematics. Most importantly, this volume explores what we do not yet fully understand and where we are going. In essence, it considers how we can move the field forward. The 95 contributing authors range from graduate students to those who have served as leaders in the field in multiple ways for many years. Authors include K-12 teachers, school administrators, district leaders, graduate students, higher education faculty, and professional development facilitators. |
| c-r-a math: Research Anthology on Physical and Intellectual Disabilities in an Inclusive Society Management Association, Information Resources, 2021-08-27 Discussions surrounding inclusivity have grown exponentially in recent years. In today’s world where diversity, equity, and inclusion are the hot topics in all aspects of society, it is more important than ever to define what it means to be an inclusive society, as well as challenges and potential growth. Those with physical and intellectual disabilities, including vision and hearing impairment, Down syndrome, locomotor disability, and more continue to face challenges of accessibility in their daily lives, especially when facing an increasingly digitalized society. It is crucial that research is brought up to date on the latest assistive technologies, educational practices, work assistance, and online support that can be provided to those classified with a disability. The Research Anthology on Physical and Intellectual Disabilities in an Inclusive Society provides a comprehensive guide of a range of topics relating to myriad aspects, difficulties, and opportunities of becoming a more inclusive society toward those with physical or intellectual disabilities. Covering everything from disabilities in education, sports, marriages, and more, it is essential for psychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, psychiatric nurses, clinicians, special education teachers, social workers, hospital administrators, mental health specialists, managers, academicians, rehabilitation centers, researchers, and students who wish to learn more about what it means to be an inclusive society and best practices in order to get there. |
| c-r-a math: Advanced Strategies and Models for Integrating RTI in Secondary Schools Epler, Pam L., 2019-01-18 To better identify and assist struggling students and avoid unnecessary placement into special education services, the service delivery model response to intervention (RTI) is used with the general education population. Even though RTI has been studied in elementary schools for many years, further research on its use at the secondary academic level is scarce. Advanced Strategies and Models for Integrating RTI in Secondary Schools provides emerging research exploring the advanced theoretical and practical aspects of the use of RTI to assist teachers in providing research-based instructional strategies to students who are failing their academic subjects. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as behavioral response, progress monitoring, and career readiness, this book is ideally designed for educators, researchers, and academic professionals seeking current research on the most effective models in place to promote positive student academic achievement. |
| c-r-a math: What Really Works With Exceptional Learners Wendy W. Murawski, Kathy Lynn Scott, 2017-01-20 Your desk reference for success with exceptional students As education trends promote the inclusion of students with special needs, this book is the perfect resource for teachers and administrators who need to know what works…and what doesn’t. With personal experiences, references, and reproducibles, this book identifies evidence-based practices in an easy-access format. The editors and authors examine how special educational needs affect: Content areas like reading and math Specialization areas like autism and learning disabilities Pedagogical areas like culturally responsive practices and accommodations Other critical areas like legal issues, behavior challenges, and home-school collaboration |
| c-r-a math: Power Up Your Math Community Holly Burwell, Sue Chapman, 2024-09-02 A yearlong learning adventure designed to help you build a vibrant math community A powerful math community is an active group of educators, students, and families, alive with positive energy, efficacy, and a passion for mathematics. Students, teachers, and leaders see themselves and each other as mathematically capable and experience mathematics as a joyful activity. Power Up Your Math Community is a hands-on, 10-month guide designed to help you and your school maximize your students’ math learning and strengthen your mathematics teaching and learning community. Each chapter offers a month’s worth of practice-based professional learning focused on a desired math habit alongside parallel math problems and learning activities for teachers to use themselves and with students. This format allows educators to work together to improve math teaching and learning across a school year, building a strong foundation for students′ mathematical proficiency, identity, and agency. The book ignites solutions and advocates for rigorous and joyful mathematics instruction for everyone—including school leaders, teachers, students, and their families. Authors Holly Burwell and Sue Chapman provide educators with a detailed roadmap for creating a positive and effective math community that supports all students′ mathematical learning by Offering guidance on building a math community with chapter vignettes and prompts such as Mathematical Me, Let’s Do Some Math, Since We Met Last, Let’s Try It, Math Talks, Manipulatives and Models Matter, Game Time, and more Emphasizing an assets-based approach to teaching math that recognizes the unique strengths and experiences of each student Providing strategies for promoting growth mindset in math and equity and inclusion in math education Focusing on both classroom-level and building-level improvement as well as offering support for teachers, instructional coaches, principals, and district leaders Power Up Your Math Community will inspire you to reimagine the way you teach math and empower you with the tools to make a lasting impact on your students′ mathematical understanding. So, get ready to power up your math community and watch as your students thrive in their mathematical journey! |
| c-r-a math: Handbook of Response to Intervention and Multi-Tiered Systems of Support Paige C. Pullen, Michael J. Kennedy, 2018-10-04 Of the many issues facing special education (and general education) today, it is difficult to imagine one more important or timely than response to intervention (RTI). Almost overnight RTI has become standard practice across the nation. Unfortunately, RTI remains ill-defined, falls far short of its evidence-based practice goal, is almost invariably misused, and often results in more harm than good. Nevertheless, as a conceptual framework RTI has great potential for ensuring that students with disabilities receive appropriate, evidence-based instruction. The mission of this handbook is to present a comprehensive and integrated discussion of response to intervention (RTI) and its relation to multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) in both special education and general education. Although the two terms are currently used interchangeably, distinct differences exist between them. Therefore, chapters are dedicated to distinguishing the two concepts—RTI and MTSS—and describing each one’s unique role in both general and special education. In addition, the authors recommend a third term, Multi-Tiered Instruction, to differentiate the practices related to the purpose of the specific intervention. |
| c-r-a math: A Survival Guide for New Special Educators Bonnie S. Billingsley, Mary T. Brownell, Maya Israel, Margaret L. Kamman, 2013-04-01 What every special education teacher needs to know to survive and thrive A Survival Guide for New Special Educators provides relevant, practical information for new special education teachers across a broad range of topic areas. Drawing on the latest research on special educator effectiveness and retention, this comprehensive, go-to resource addresses the most pressing needs of novice instructors, resource teachers, and inclusion specialists. Offers research-based, classroom-tested strategies for working with a variety of special needs students Covers everything from preparing for the new school year to behavior management, customizing curriculum, creating effective IEPs, and more Billingsley and Brownell are noted experts in special educator training and support This highly practical book is filled with checklists, forms, and tools that special educators can use every day to help ensure that all special needs students get the rich, rewarding education they deserve. |
| c-r-a math: JEBPS Vol 14-N2 Journal of Evidence-Based Practices for Schools, 2014-11-25 The Journal of Evidence-Based Practices for Schools is a leader in publishing research-to-practice articles for educators and school psychologists. The mission of this journal is to positively influence the daily practice of school-based professionals through studies demonstrating successful research-based practices in educational settings. As a result, the editors are committed to publishing articles with an eye toward improving student performance and outcomes by advancing psychological and educational practices in the schools. They seek articles using non-technical language that (1) outline an evidence-based practice, (2) describe the literature supporting the effectiveness and theoretical underpinnings of the practice, (3) describe the findings of a study in which the practice was implemented in an educational setting, and (4) provide readers with information they need to implement the practice in their own schools in a section entitled Implementation Guidelines. The Journal of Evidence-Based Practices for Schools differs from other scholarly journals in that it features articles that demonstrate empirically-based procedures for readers to apply the practice in their setting. |
| c-r-a math: Concise Mathematics class 9 icse solutions I.S. Chawla, This book includes the solutions to the questions given in the textbook ICSE Concise Mathematics Class 9 and is for March 2022 Examinations. |
| c-r-a math: Self-Help to I.C.S.E. Concise Mathematics 9 I.S. Chawla, J. Aggarwal, This book is based on Selina(Concise Mathematics) and is for 2021 examinations. It is written and edited by I.S. Chawla and J. Aggarwal. |
| c-r-a math: SELF-HELP TO I.C.S.E. CONCISE MATHEMATICS 9 (FOR 2023 EXAMINATIONS) I.S. Chawla, Munish Sethi, This book is written strictly in accordance with the latest syllabus prescribed by the Council for the I.C.S.E. Examinations in and after 2023. This book includes the Answers to the Questions given in the Textbook Concise Mathematics Class 9 published by Selina Publications Pvt. Ltd. This book is written and edited by I.S. Chawla and Munish Sethi. #ConciseMathematics #SelinaMathematics #SelinaConciseMatematics |
| c-r-a math: Self-Help to I.C.S.E. Concise Mathematics 9 [For 2022 Examinations] I.S. Chawla, J. Aggarwal, This book includes the solutions of ICSE Concise Mathematics textbook published by Selina publishers and is for 2022 examinations. It is written and edited by I.S. Chawla and J. Aggarwal. |
| c-r-a math: Effective Teaching Strategies for Dyscalculia and Learning Difficulties in Mathematics Marie-Pascale Noël, Giannis Karagiannakis, 2022-03-28 Effective Teaching Strategies for Dyscalculia and Learning Difficulties in Mathematics provides an essential bridge between scientific research and practical interventions with children. It unpacks what we know about the possible cognitive causation of mathematical difficulties in order to improve teaching and therefore learning. Each chapter considers a specific domain of children’s numerical development: counting and the understanding of numbers, understanding of the base-10 system, arithmetic, word problem solving, and understanding rational numbers. The accessible guidance includes a literature review on each topic, surveying how each process develops in children, the difficulties encountered at that level by some pupils, and the intervention studies that have been published. It guides the reader step-by-step through practical guidelines of how to assess these processes and how to build an intervention to help children master them. Illustrated throughout with examples of materials used in the effective interventions described, this essential guide offers deep understanding and effective strategies for developmental and educational psychologists, special educational needs and/or disabilities coordinators, and teachers working with children experiencing mathematical difficulties. |
| c-r-a math: RtI in Math Linda Forbringer, Wendy H. Weber, 2014-01-03 Learn how to help K–8 students who struggle in math. This book provides a variety of clear, practical strategies that can be implemented right away to boost student achievement. You will find out how to design lessons that work with struggling learners, implement the recommendations for math intervention from the What Works Clearinghouse, use praise and self-motivation more effectively, develop number sense and computational fluency, teach whole numbers and fractions, increase students’ problem-solving abilities, and more! Extensive examples are provided for each strategy, as well as lesson plans, games, and resources. |
| c-r-a math: The Best of Corwin: Response to Intervention Cara F. Shores, 2011-10-18 The ultimate guide to RTI The Best of Corwin series showcases key chapters from critically acclaimed Corwin publications for a powerful compilation of perspectives on important education issues and topics. This resource guides practitioners through the challenging and ultimately rewarding process of implementing response to intervention (RTI). The chapters address critical factors such as collecting and using valid and reliable data, choosing methods that are responsive to individual student needs, and implementing processes with fidelity. The authors describe RTI through various lenses: Behavioral interventions Grade-level approaches from elementary through high school Strategies tailored to English learners Specific content areas, including reading and math Also included are assessment strategies and a framework for data-based decision making. Readers will find a variety of perspectives from leading experts who show how to use RTI to help students achieve success in school, making this collection a must-have for every educator. |
| c-r-a math: Handbook of Special Education Research, Volume I Thomas W. Farmer, Elizabeth Talbott, Kristen McMaster, David Lee, Terese C. Aceves, 2022-05-10 Divided into two volumes, Handbook of Special Education Research provides a comprehensive overview of critical issues in special education research. This first volume addresses key topics in theory, methods, and development, exploring how these three domains interconnect to build effective special education research. Each chapter features considerations for future research and implications for fostering continuous improvement and innovation. Essential reading for researchers and students of special education, this handbook brings together diverse and complementary perspectives to help move the field forward. |
| c-r-a math: Inclusive Instruction Sean J. Smith, Jean B. Crockett, Cynthia C. Griffin, 2012-04-02 This accessible book presents research-based strategies for supporting K-8 students with high-incidence disabilities in becoming accomplished learners. The authors clearly describe the core components of effective inclusive instruction, showing how to recognize and respond to individual students' needs quickly and appropriately. Teachers are provided with essential tools for managing inclusive classrooms; planning a curriculum that fosters concept development across content areas, promotes strategic learning, and builds fluent skill use; and integrating technology into instruction. Case examples illustrate ways that special and general education teachers can work together successfully to solve complex learning problems and improve outcomes for students who are struggling-- Provided by publisher. |
| c-r-a math: Bridging the Gap Between Arithmetic & Algebra Bradley S. Witzel, 2015-11-15 Although two federal panels have concluded that all students can learn mathematics and most can succeed through Algebra 2, the abstractness of algebra and missing precursor understandings may be overwhelming to many students … and their teachers. Bridging the Gap Between Arithmetic & Algebra responds to this need for instruction and interventions that go beyond typical math lesson plans. Providing a review of evidence-based practices, the book is an essential reference for mathematics teachers and special education teachers when teaching mathematics to students who struggle with the critical concepts and skills necessary for success in algebra. Audiences: General education (mathematics) teachers, special education teachers, administrators, teacher educators. |
| c-r-a math: Creating Compassionate Classrooms: Understanding the Continuum of Disabilities and Effective Educational Interventions Nicholas D. Young, Angela C.Fain, Teresa A. Citro, 2019-05-02 Throughout the chapters of this book, the reader will be introduced to the thirteen disability categories included in IDEA (specific learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disorders, autism, other health impaired, intellectually disabled, multiple disabilities, speech or language impairments, traumatic brain injury, hearing impairment, deaf/blind, deafness, visual impairment, and orthopedic impairment), using the legally established definitions. Lengthy descriptions of best practices, modifications and accommodations follow, offering a complete picture of each disability and how educators and parents collaboratively can assist the struggling student. To set the stage, the book begins with chapters that discuss special education in general, response to intervention as an intermediary step in the academic continuum of support, and the individualized education plan process. Subsequent chapters examine each of the thirteen aforementioned IDEA disability categories, which have not been commonly incorporated into one comprehensive resource; however, for the sake of brevity, some disability categories have been combined when doing so did not impact practice implications. Emphasis is placed on effective classroom strategies and interventions associated with each disability category with the intent of providing practitioners and those who support them with the information and tools necessary to support students with identified educational needs. To the extent possible, the primary authors sought to ensure this resource was practical and user-friendly for educators who work directly with students with the range of recognized disabilities. This book demystifies the special education process and disability categories as well as offers educators and their families the tools to help our students, who have one or more disabilities, find life-long success. Ensuring the best for our students with disabilities requires that we first acknowledge and support the hard work and deep commitment of those professionals and parents/guardians who devote their lives to teaching, reaching, mentoring and advocating for those most vulnerable in our classrooms. |
| c-r-a math: Using RTI for School Improvement Cara Shores, Kim Chester, 2009 This resource helps administrators and teachers implement RTI as a powerful school improvement process. Response to Intervention (RTI) is currently being adopted throughout the United States as a method for documenting eligibility for a learning disability as permitted in the reauthorization of IDEA 2004. The model most often chosen involves a three- or four-tier pyramid incorporating general education classroom components in the lower tiers and special education as the final tier. Using RTI for School Improvement illustrates how integrating RTI into all aspects of a school can go beyond assessing learning disabilities to make a significant positive impact on schoolwide student achievement. The authors show how educators can successfully implement each tier to provide effective instruction for all learners, develop an intervention approach for students at risk, and provide intensive intervention for non-responding learners. |
| c-r-a math: Liberating Leadership Capacity Linda Lambert, Diane P. Zimmerman, Mary E. Gardner, 2016-04-01 During the past quarter century, conceptions of leadership have evolved in concert with breakthrough discoveries in science and generative learning. This book captures these new ideas through the integration of the authors' earlier works in constructivist leadership and leadership capacity. What emerges is a pathway through which educators can become the primary designers of their own learning and that of their students, thus creating sustainable systems of high leadership capacity. This vision of leadership reframes professional learning designs and knowledge creation, describing how these ideas are richly manifested in local, national, and international programs. The context is democratic communities; the learning is constructivist; the leadership is shared. The result is wise schools, organizations, and socieities. This book speaks to all adult learners who are engaged in educational improvement. |
| c-r-a math: Teaching to the Math Common Core State Standards F. D. Rivera, 2015-06-17 This is a methods book for preservice middle level majors and beginning middle school teachers. It takes a very practical approach to learning to teach middle school mathematics in an emerging Age of the Common Core State Standards. The Common Core State Standards in Mathematics (CCSSM) is not meant to be “the” official mathematics curriculum; it was purposefully developed primarily to provide clear learning expectations of mathematics content that are appropriate at every grade level and to help prepare all students to be ready for college and the workplace. A quick glance at the Table of Contents in this book indicates a serious engagement with the recommended mathematics underlying the Grade 5 through Grade 8 and (traditional pathway) Algebra I portions of the CCSSM first, with issues in content-practice assessment, learning, teaching, and classroom management pursued next and in that order. In this book we explore what it means to teach to the CCSSM within an alignment mindset involving content-practice learning, teaching, and assessment. The Common Core state content standards, which pertain to mathematical knowledge, skills, and applications, have been carefully crafted so that they are teachable, learnable, coherent, fewer, clearer, and higher. The practice standards, which refer to institutionally valued mathematical actions, processes, and habits, have been conceptualized in ways that will hopefully encourage all middle school students to engage with the content standards more deeply than merely acquiring mathematical knowledge by rote and imitation. Thus, in the CCSSM, proficiency in content alone is not sufficient, and so does practice without content, which is limited. Content and practice are both equally important and, thus, must come together in teaching, learning, and assessment in order to support authentic mathematical understanding. This blended multisourced text is a “getting smart” book. It prepares preservice middle level majors and beginning middle school teachers to work within the realities of accountable pedagogy and to develop a proactive disposition that is capable of supporting all middle school students in order for them to experience growth in mathematical understanding that is necessary for high school and beyond, including future careers. |
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