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canadian gic rates history: Mutual Fund Investing For Canadians For Dummies Bryan Borzykowski, Andrew Bell, 2024-02-28 Simple information on diversifying your investments with mutual funds With mutual funds, beginning and experienced investors can afford to invest in a wide range of securities by pooling their money with others’ and splitting the profits. Mutual Fund Investing For Canadians For Dummies helps you makes sense of these funds, start investing, and create a plan to meet your financial goals. With this easy-to-understand guide, you can weigh the pros and cons of mutual funds to decide if they’re right for you. Then follow step-by-step instructions for investing your money in reputable funds—with information specific to the Canadian market. Learn what mutual funds are and how they’re different from hand-picking your own stocks and bonds Understand the risks and benefits of mutual funds so you can determine whether they fit with your financial goals Make a solid investment plan and craft your fund portfolio Consider hedge funds and other managed options for rounding out your investment portfolio Mutual Fund Investing For Canadians For Dummies is great for beginner investors looking to learn more about the benefits of mutual funds and get up to speed on the latest information. |
canadian gic rates history: Damages Cara Brown, 2001-05 |
canadian gic rates history: Hoosiers and the American Story Madison, James H., Sandweiss, Lee Ann, 2014-10 A supplemental textbook for middle and high school students, Hoosiers and the American Story provides intimate views of individuals and places in Indiana set within themes from American history. During the frontier days when Americans battled with and exiled native peoples from the East, Indiana was on the leading edge of America’s westward expansion. As waves of immigrants swept across the Appalachians and eastern waterways, Indiana became established as both a crossroads and as a vital part of Middle America. Indiana’s stories illuminate the history of American agriculture, wars, industrialization, ethnic conflicts, technological improvements, political battles, transportation networks, economic shifts, social welfare initiatives, and more. In so doing, they elucidate large national issues so that students can relate personally to the ideas and events that comprise American history. At the same time, the stories shed light on what it means to be a Hoosier, today and in the past. |
canadian gic rates history: History Today Peter Quennell, 1975 |
canadian gic rates history: A Concise History of the U.S. Air Force Stephen Lee McFarland, 1997 Except in a few instances, since World War II no American soldier or sailor has been attacked by enemy air power. Conversely, no enemy soldier orsailor has acted in combat without being attacked or at least threatened by American air power. Aviators have brought the air weapon to bear against enemies while denying them the same prerogative. This is the legacy of the U.S. AirForce, purchased at great cost in both human and material resources.More often than not, aerial pioneers had to fight technological ignorance, bureaucratic opposition, public apathy, and disagreement over purpose.Every step in the evolution of air power led into new and untrodden territory, driven by humanitarian impulses; by the search for higher, faster, and farther flight; or by the conviction that the air way was the best way. Warriors have always coveted the high ground. If technology permitted them to reach it, men, women andan air force held and exploited it-from Thomas Selfridge, first among so many who gave that last full measure of devotion; to Women's Airforce Service Pilot Ann Baumgartner, who broke social barriers to become the first Americanwoman to pilot a jet; to Benjamin Davis, who broke racial barriers to become the first African American to command a flying group; to Chuck Yeager, a one-time non-commissioned flight officer who was the first to exceed the speed of sound; to John Levitow, who earned the Medal of Honor by throwing himself over a live flare to save his gunship crew; to John Warden, who began a revolution in air power thought and strategy that was put to spectacular use in the Gulf War.Industrialization has brought total war and air power has brought the means to overfly an enemy's defenses and attack its sources of power directly. Americans have perceived air power from the start as a more efficient means of waging war and as a symbol of the nation's commitment to technology to master challenges, minimize casualties, and defeat adversaries. |
canadian gic rates history: Financial Pursuit : Canada's Working Guide to Personal Wealth : how to Retire with Financial Dignity Graydon G. Watters, FKI Financial Knowledge Inc, 1999 |
canadian gic rates history: A History of Energy Flows Anthony N. Penna, 2019-09-18 This book presents a global and historical perspective of energy flows during the last millennium. The search for sustainable energy is a key issue dominating today’s energy regime. This book details the historical evolution of energy, following the overlapping and slow flowing transitions from one regime to another. In doing so it seeks to provide insight into future energy transitions and the means of utilizing sustainable energy sources to reduce humanity’s fossil fuel footprint. The book begins with an examination of the earliest and most basic forms of energy use, namely, that of humans metabolizing food in order to work, with the first transition following the domestication and breeding of horses and other animals. The book also examines energy sources key to development during the industrialization and mechanization, such as wood and coal, as well as more recent sources, such as crude oil and nuclear energy. The book then assesses energy flows that are at the forefront of sustainability, by examining green sources, such as solar, wind power and hydropower. While it is easy to see energy flows in terms of “revolutions,” transitions have taken centuries to evolve, and transitions are never fully global, as, for example, wood remains the primary fuel source for cooking in much of the developing world. This book not only demonstrates the longevity of energy transitions but also discusses the possibility for reducing transition times when technological developments provide inexpensive and safe energy sources that can reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of energy transitions, sustainable energy and environmental and energy history. |
canadian gic rates history: The Statesman's Yearbook 2010 B. Turner, 2017-01-12 'the most convenient and reliable starting point for information on public affairs' - George J. Mitchell, US Senator. Each copy comes with FREE online access to www.statesmansyearbook.com . Site license upgrades are also available for libraries who wish to network the data. New this year: a chronology of the 'credit crunch.' |
canadian gic rates history: Canadian Periodical Index , 1997 |
canadian gic rates history: Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ? National Defense University (U S ), National Defense University (U.S.), Institute for National Strategic Studies (U S, Sheila R. Ronis, 2011-12-27 On August 24-25, 2010, the National Defense University held a conference titled “Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security?” to explore the economic element of national power. This special collection of selected papers from the conference represents the view of several keynote speakers and participants in six panel discussions. It explores the complexity surrounding this subject and examines the major elements that, interacting as a system, define the economic component of national security. |
canadian gic rates history: Monetary and Exchange System Reforms in China Mr.Bernard Laurens, Mr.Hassanali Mehran, Mr.Marc Quintyn, Mr.Tom Nordman, 1996-09-26 In 1978, China embarked on a gradual but far-reaching reform of its economic system. This paper focuses on the achievements so far in reforming the financial sector, the legal framework for financial transactions, the payments system, and the monetary policy and foreign exchange system. It also analyzes the tasks ahead to achieve the goals set in these areas for the year 2000. |
canadian gic rates history: IRS Historical Fact Book , 1993 |
canadian gic rates history: Investigating Iwo Breanne Robertson, 2019 Investigating Iwo encourages us to explore the connection between American visual culture and World War II, particularly how the image inspired Marines, servicemembers, and civilians to carry on with the war and to remember those who made the ultimate sacrifice to ensure victory over the Axis Powers. Chapters shed light on the processes through which history becomes memory and gains meaning over time. The contributors ask only that we be willing to take a closer look, to remain open to new perspectives that can deepen our understanding of familiar topics related to the flag raising, including Rosenthal's famous picture, that continue to mean so much to us today-- |
canadian gic rates history: A History of Corporate Governance around the World Randall K. Morck, 2007-11-01 For many Americans, capitalism is a dynamic engine of prosperity that rewards the bold, the daring, and the hardworking. But to many outside the United States, capitalism seems like an initiative that serves only to concentrate power and wealth in the hands of a few hereditary oligarchies. As A History of Corporate Governance around the World shows, neither conception is wrong. In this volume, some of the brightest minds in the field of economics present new empirical research that suggests that each side of the debate has something to offer the other. Free enterprise and well-developed financial systems are proven to produce growth in those countries that have them. But research also suggests that in some other capitalist countries, arrangements truly do concentrate corporate ownership in the hands of a few wealthy families. A History of Corporate Governance around the World provides historical studies of the patterns of corporate governance in several countries-including the large industrial economies of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States; larger developing economies like China and India; and alternative models like those of the Netherlands and Sweden. |
canadian gic rates history: The Grand Chessboard Zbigniew Brzezinski, 2016-12-06 Bestselling author and eminent foreign policy scholar Zbigniew Brzezinski's classic book on American's strategic mission in the modern world. In The Grand Chessboard, renowned geostrategist Zbigniew Brzezinski delivers a brutally honest and provocative vision for American preeminence in the twenty-first century. The task facing the United States, he argues, is to become the sole political arbiter in Eurasian lands and to prevent the emergence of any rival power threatening our material and diplomatic interests. The Eurasian landmass, home to the greatest part of the globe's population, natural resources, and economic activity, is the grand chessboard on which America's supremacy will be ratified and challenged in the years to come. In this landmark work of public policy and political science, Brzezinski outlines a groundbreaking and powerful blueprint for America's vital interests in the modern world. In this revised edition, Brzezinski addresses recent global developments including the war in Ukraine, the re-emergence of Russia, and the rise of China. |
canadian gic rates history: Why Civil Resistance Works Erica Chenoweth, Maria J. Stephan, 2011-08-09 For more than a century, from 1900 to 2006, campaigns of nonviolent resistance were more than twice as effective as their violent counterparts in achieving their stated goals. By attracting impressive support from citizens, whose activism takes the form of protests, boycotts, civil disobedience, and other forms of nonviolent noncooperation, these efforts help separate regimes from their main sources of power and produce remarkable results, even in Iran, Burma, the Philippines, and the Palestinian Territories. Combining statistical analysis with case studies of specific countries and territories, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan detail the factors enabling such campaigns to succeed and, sometimes, causing them to fail. They find that nonviolent resistance presents fewer obstacles to moral and physical involvement and commitment, and that higher levels of participation contribute to enhanced resilience, greater opportunities for tactical innovation and civic disruption (and therefore less incentive for a regime to maintain its status quo), and shifts in loyalty among opponents' erstwhile supporters, including members of the military establishment. Chenoweth and Stephan conclude that successful nonviolent resistance ushers in more durable and internally peaceful democracies, which are less likely to regress into civil war. Presenting a rich, evidentiary argument, they originally and systematically compare violent and nonviolent outcomes in different historical periods and geographical contexts, debunking the myth that violence occurs because of structural and environmental factors and that it is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, the authors discover, violent insurgency is rarely justifiable on strategic grounds. |
canadian gic rates history: Canadian Immunization Guide Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation, Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization, 2006 The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization. |
canadian gic rates history: The Harper Factor Jennifer Ditchburn, Graham Fox, 2016-10-19 Political legacy is a concept that is often tossed around casually, hastily defined by commentators long before a prime minister leaves office. In the case of the polarizing Stephen Harper, clear-eyed analysis of his tenure is hard to come by. The Harper Factor offers a refreshingly balanced look at the Conservative decade under his leadership. What impact did Harper have on the nation’s finances, on law and order, and on immigration? Did he accomplish what he promised to do in areas such as energy and intergovernmental affairs? How did he change the conduct of politics, the workings of the media, and Parliament? A diverse group of contributors, including veteran economists David Dodge and Richard Dion, immigration advocate Senator Ratna Omidvar, Stephen Harper’s former policy director Paul Wilson, award-winning journalists such as Susan Delacourt, and vice-provost of Aboriginal Initiatives at Lakehead University Cynthia Wesley-Esquimaux, make reasoned cases for how Harper succeeded and how he fell short in different policy domains between 2006 and 2015. Stephen Harper’s record is decidedly more nuanced than both his admirers and detractors will concede. The Harper Factor provides an authoritative reference for Canadians on the twenty-second prime minister’s imprint on public policy while in office, and his political legacy for generations to come. |
canadian gic rates history: Trans Activism in Canada Dan Irving, Rupert Raj, 2014-05-05 Centring the voices and experiences of trans identified people as experts on their own lives and agents of change, Trans Activism in Canada opens up a dialogue between scholars and community members in an effort to improve the lives of sex and gender variant people. The first of its kind, this anthology brings together activists and allies to examine the various strategies and forms of resistance needed to transform oppression into opportunity for change. Reflecting upon the challenges trans communities face and offering insight into achieving institutional reform, the themes addressed range from poverty and isolation to health care and best practices. Using personal narratives, archival material, and qualitative research, as well as case- and community-based research, this text demonstrates the leading role of trans and two-spirit activists in generating social change. By drawing on feminist, anti-racist, and social justice frameworks, the contributors approach oppression and activism as inseparable from hetero-patriarchal, colonialist, and capitalist power relations. Written for trans activists, scholars, and allies, Trans Activism in Canada is poised to enrich transgender theorizing by focusing on concrete experiences and practical knowledge gained from the everyday lives of trans people. |
canadian gic rates history: Partnership for the Americas: Western Hemisphere Strategy and U.S. Southern Command James G. Stavridis, Radm James G Stavridis, 2014-02-23 Since its creation in 1963, United States Southern Command has been led by 30 senior officers representing all four of the armed forces. None has undertaken his leadership responsibilities with the cultural sensitivity and creativity demonstrated by Admiral Jim Stavridis during his tenure in command. Breaking with tradition, Admiral Stavridis discarded the customary military model as he organized the Southern Command Headquarters. In its place he created an organization designed not to subdue adversaries, but instead to build durable and enduring partnerships with friends. His observation that it is the business of Southern Command to launch ideas not missiles into the command's area of responsibility gained strategic resonance throughout the Caribbean and Central and South America, and at the highest levels in Washington, DC. |
canadian gic rates history: The Best of Pape's Notes : 15 Years of Sound Financial Advice Gordon Pape, 1998 |
canadian gic rates history: Data Base Directory , 1991 |
canadian gic rates history: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports , 1992 |
canadian gic rates history: Journal , 2006 |
canadian gic rates history: Eavesdropping on Hell Robert J. Hanyok, 2005-01-01 This official government publication investigates the impact of the Holocaust on the Western powers' intelligence-gathering community. It explains the archival organization of wartime records accumulated by the U.S. Army's Signal Intelligence Service and Britain's Government Code and Cypher School. It also summarizes Holocaust-related information intercepted during the war years. |
canadian gic rates history: China's Influence and American Interests Larry Diamond, Orville Schell, 2019-08-01 While Americans are generally aware of China's ambitions as a global economic and military superpower, few understand just how deeply and assertively that country has already sought to influence American society. As the authors of this volume write, it is time for a wake-up call. In documenting the extent of Beijing's expanding influence operations inside the United States, they aim to raise awareness of China's efforts to penetrate and sway a range of American institutions: state and local governments, academic institutions, think tanks, media, and businesses. And they highlight other aspects of the propagandistic “discourse war” waged by the Chinese government and Communist Party leaders that are less expected and more alarming, such as their view of Chinese Americans as members of a worldwide Chinese diaspora that owes undefined allegiance to the so-called Motherland.Featuring ideas and policy proposals from leading China specialists, China's Influence and American Interests argues that a successful future relationship requires a rebalancing toward greater transparency, reciprocity, and fairness. Throughout, the authors also strongly state the importance of avoiding casting aspersions on Chinese and on Chinese Americans, who constitute a vital portion of American society. But if the United States is to fare well in this increasingly adversarial relationship with China, Americans must have a far better sense of that country's ambitions and methods than they do now. |
canadian gic rates history: The Canadian Banking System , 1869 |
canadian gic rates history: After Taxes Geoff Stevens, 2000-09-01 Maximizing one’s savings is the surest way to guarantee that there is life after taxes. The truly successful investor begins with careful tax planning, which must never be a last-minute scramble in the dreadful month of March or worse still, April! We all know that few of us actually plan well ahead, as we ought to, to protect ourselves and our hard-earned money. This book may well be the answer. Based on The Gasletter Collection, the author’s successful primer on sheltering your income, After Taxes is designed to help the working individual put in place a long-term strategy. An easy-to-understand handbook, it helps the reader wrestle with the implications of retirement funds, savings, off-shore shelters, investments, mutual funds, real estate, buyouts, separation allowances, and golden (or not-so-golden) handshakes. A must for those who wish to make informed financial decisions and better choices to guarantee a secure future. |
canadian gic rates history: A course of English reading James Pycroft, 1854 |
canadian gic rates history: History-social Science Framework for California Public Schools , 2005 |
canadian gic rates history: Federal Reserve Marc Labonte, 2013-03-13 The “Great Recession” and the ensuing weak recovery have led the Federal Reserve (Fed) to reevaluate its monetary policy strategy. Since December 2008, overnight interest rates have been near zero; at this “zero bound,” they cannot be lowered further to stimulate the economy. As a result, the Fed has taken unprecedented policy steps to try to fulfill its statutory mandate of maximum employment and price stability. Congress has oversight responsibilities for ensuring that the Fed's actions are consistent with its mandate. The Fed has made large-scale asset purchases, popularly referred to as “quantitative easing” (“QE”), that have increased its balance sheet from $0.9 trillion in 2007 to $2.9 trillion at the end of 2012. Currently, the Fed is purchasing $40 billion of mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and $45 billion of Treasury securities each month; because these purchases follow on two previous rounds of purchases, they have been referred to as “quantitative easing three” or “QEIII.” Unlike the previous rounds, the Fed has not announced when QEIII will end or its ultimate size. The Fed views QE as stimulating the economy primarily through lower long-term interest rates, which stimulate spending on business investment, residential investment, and consumer durables. Since QE began, Treasury yields and mortgage rates have reached their lowest levels in decades; it is less clear how much QE has affected private-borrowing rates and interest-sensitive spending. Critics fear QE's potentially inflationary effects, via growth in the monetary base. Inflation has remained low to date, but QE is unprecedented in the United States and the Fed's mooted “exit strategy” for unwinding QE is untested, so the Fed's ability to successfully maintain stable prices while unwinding QE cannot be guaranteed. The Fed has also changed its communication policies since rates reached the zero bound. From 2011 to 2012, it announced a specific date for how long it anticipated that the federal funds rate would be at “exceptionally low levels,” and over time incrementally extended that horizon by two years. In December 2012, it replaced the time horizon with an unemployment threshold—as long as inflation remained low, the Fed anticipated that the federal funds rate would be exceptionally low for at least as long as the unemployment rate was above 6.5%. The Fed argues that its new communication policies make its federal funds target more stimulative. In this view, if financial actors are confident that short-term rates will be low for an extended period of time, then longterm rates will be driven down today, thereby stimulating interest-sensitive spending. Uncertainty about economic projections hampers the Fed's ability to stick to a preannounced policy path, and any future backtracking could undermine its credibility. If unconventional policy were failing because it has undermined the Fed's credibility, the evidence would be high interest rates, high inflation expectations, or both; to date, neither has occurred. The sluggish rate of economic recovery suggests that monetary policy alone is not powerful enough to return the economy to full employment quickly after a severe downturn and financial crisis. It also raises questions about the optimal approach to monetary policy. When is the best time to return to withdraw unconventional policies, and in what order? Should unconventional policies only be used during serious downturns, or also in periods of sluggish growth? Do unconventional policies have unintended consequences, such as causing asset bubbles or market distortions? If so, are legislative changes needed to curb the Fed's use of QE, or would that undermine the Fed's policy discretion and interfere with conventional policymaking? Or should the Fed try other proposed unconventional policy tools to provide further stimulus when inflation is low and unemployment is high? |
canadian gic rates history: Native Peoples of Canada D. A. Rokala, C. A. Meikljohn, 1986-01-01 The Manitoba Masterfile, PBHD, is a bibliographic database maintained at the University of Manitoba. Currently, the database contains 6,000 entries relating to population biology, health and illness of Native North Americans. The present volume of 2,100 entries, 80% annotated, presents the Masterfile content on prehistoric, historic, and contemporary Native populations from within the geo-political boundaries of Canada. Research on related populations is reported only when the reports include Canadian content. |
canadian gic rates history: Deep Maneuver Jack D Kern Editor, Jack Kern, 2018-10-12 Volume 5, Deep Maneuver: Historical Case Studies of Maneuver in Large-Scale Combat Operations, presents eleven case studies from World War II through Operation Iraqi Freedom focusing on deep maneuver in terms of time, space and purpose. Deep operations require boldness and audacity, and yet carry an element of risk of overextension - especially in light of the independent factors of geography and weather that are ever-present. As a result, the case studies address not only successes, but also failure and shortfalls that result when conducting deep operations. The final two chapters address these considerations for future Deep Maneuver. |
canadian gic rates history: Historical Abstracts Eric H. Boehm, 1994 |
canadian gic rates history: American Doctoral Dissertations , 1990 |
canadian gic rates history: Delivery Versus Payment in Securities Settlement Systems , 1992 |
canadian gic rates history: Management Information Systems Kenneth C. Laudon, Jane Price Laudon, 2004 Management Information Systems provides comprehensive and integrative coverage of essential new technologies, information system applications, and their impact on business models and managerial decision-making in an exciting and interactive manner. The twelfth edition focuses on the major changes that have been made in information technology over the past two years, and includes new opening, closing, and Interactive Session cases. |
canadian gic rates history: National Coopers' Journal , 1925 |
canadian gic rates history: Lethal and Non-Lethal Fires Army University Press, Thomas G. Bradbeer, 2018-09 Lethal and Non-Lethal Fires: Historical Case Studies of Converging Cross-Domain Fires in Large Scale Combat Operations, provides a collection of ten historical case studies from World War I through Desert Storm. The case studies detail the use of lethal and non-lethal fires conducted by US, British, Canadian, and Israeli forces against peer or near-peer threats. The case studies span the major wars of the twentieth-century and present the doctrine the various organizations used, together with the challenges the leaders encountered with the doctrine and the operational environment, as well as the leaders' actions and decisions during the conduct of operations. Most importantly, each chapter highlights the lessons learned from those large scale combat operations, how they were applied or ignored and how they remain relevant today and in the future. |
canadian gic rates history: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 1957 |
Canada - Wikipedia
Other popular professional competitions include the Canadian Football League, National Lacrosse League, the Canadian Premier League, and the curling tournaments hosted by Curling …
Canada | History, Population, Immigration, Capital, & Currency
1 day ago · This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian national identity, as expressed by the Dublin-born writer Anna Brownell Jameson, …
Home - Canada.ca
Buying, selling and supporting Canadian. Find information on Made in Canada labels, how to buy Canadian and the benefits of shopping and travelling in Canada. Choose Canada. Canada, it’s …
Canada Maps & Facts - World Atlas
Jan 8, 2024 · Canadian Arctic: The Canadian Arctic encompasses Canada's northernmost parts, including parts of Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and Yukon. It is a vast, sparsely populated …
Canada - The World Factbook
6 days ago · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.
25 Things Canada is Known and Famous For - Hey Explorer
May 13, 2025 · The Canadian Rockies are full of sparkling glaciers, turquoise lakes, and winding roads. The region is home to some famous National Parks including Banff, Jasper, and Yoho. …
Canada - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Around 38 million people live in Canada. About 90% of the Canadian population live within 100 miles (160 km) of the border with the United States. [28] This is because of climate and trade …
Canada | The Canadian Encyclopedia
The name “Canada,” is derived from the Iroquoian word kanata, meaning a village or settlement. On 13 August 1535, as Jacques Cartier was nearing Île d'Ant...
The Canada Guide | In-depth reference website for all things Canadian
The Canada Guide is an in-depth reference website for all things Canadian for student research, tourists, immigrants studying for citizenship and others.
Canadians - Wikipedia
Canadian culture has historically been influenced by European culture and traditions, especially British and French, and by its own indigenous cultures.
Canada - Wikipedia
Other popular professional competitions include the Canadian Football League, National Lacrosse League, the Canadian Premier …
Canada | History, Population, Immigration, Capital, & Curr…
1 day ago · This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian national identity, as expressed by …
Home - Canada.ca
Buying, selling and supporting Canadian. Find information on Made in Canada labels, how to buy Canadian and the benefits of shopping and …
Canada Maps & Facts - World Atlas
Jan 8, 2024 · Canadian Arctic: The Canadian Arctic encompasses Canada's northernmost parts, including parts of Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and …
Canada - The World Factbook
6 days ago · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.