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| cost benefit analysis synonym: Economic Evaluation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Economic Ethics Felix Ekardt, 2022-06-02 With cost-benefit analysis, economic sciences cultivate a specific decision-making procedure, which has also been partially adopted in politics. Although economists do not experience the approach as normative, on closer examination the approach can be identified as an economic ethics. The present philosophical and at the same time transdisciplinary (with special legal and economic components) treatment examines the persuasive power of this approach using climate change as an example, as the most important sustainability issue. The objections raised against the economisation of decision-making with regard to the utilitarian tradition, such as the criticism of the orientation towards weighing up options, the alleged lack of distributive justice or the tendency to describe people in behavioural science as selfish, are hardly or not at all convincing on closer examination. In several respects, however, it turns out that cost-benefit analysis faces insoluble problems. Firstly, the theoretical basis of (hidden normative) cost-benefit analysis in philosophical empiricism does not seem tenable. This means the idea of empiricism that normative questions must be transformed into questions of factual (countable and reproduceable) preferences of people. Secondly, there are massive collisions of cost-benefit analysis with a liberal-democratic constitutional law, whose principles are universal ethical principles. This concerns both freedom rights (which must not depend on the ability of humans to pay) and the model of democracy and respect for the rule of law. Thirdly, insoluble problems of application arise for cost-benefit analyses, which are particularly (but not only) apparent in the context of climate protection, in general considerations as in the case of legislation as well as in individual analyses, as done when constructing a coal-fired power plant. A strongly deflated cost-benefit analysis could nevertheless contribute factual material – such as partial aspects of decision consequences that can actually be depicted in monetary terms – to ethical or legal decision-making processes. In this respect the approach appears helpful and complementary, but not beyond that. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Systems Engineering Reinhard Haberfellner, Olivier de Weck, Ernst Fricke, Siegfried Vössner, 2019-06-06 This translation brings a landmark systems engineering (SE) book to English-speaking audiences for the first time since its original publication in 1972. For decades the SE concept championed by this book has helped engineers solve a wide variety of issues by emphasizing a top-down approach. Moving from the general to the specific, this SE concept has situated itself as uniquely appealing to both highly trained experts and anybody managing a complex project. Until now, this SE concept has only been available to German speakers. By shedding the overtly technical approach adopted by many other SE methods, this book can be used as a problem-solving guide in a great variety of disciplines, engineering and otherwise. By segmenting the book into separate parts that build upon each other, the SE concept’s accessibility is reinforced. The basic principles of SE, problem solving, and systems design are helpfully introduced in the first three parts. Once the fundamentals are presented, specific case studies are covered in the fourth part to display potential applications. Then part five offers further suggestions on how to effectively practice SE principles; for example, it not only points out frequent stumbling blocks, but also the specific points at which they may appear. In the final part, a wealth of different methods and tools, such as optimization techniques, are given to help maximize the potential use of this SE concept. Engineers and engineering students from all disciplines will find this book extremely helpful in solving complex problems. Because of its practicable lessons in problem-solving, any professional facing a complex project will also find much to learn from this volume. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Department of Homeland Security Bioterrorism Risk Assessment National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Life Sciences, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications, Committee on Methodological Improvements to the Department of Homeland Security's Biological Agent Risk Analysis, 2009-01-03 The mission of Department of Homeland Security Bioterrorism Risk Assessment: A Call for Change, the book published in December 2008, is to independently and scientifically review the methodology that led to the 2006 Department of Homeland Security report, Bioterrorism Risk Assessment (BTRA) and provide a foundation for future updates. This book identifies a number of fundamental concerns with the BTRA of 2006, ranging from mathematical and statistical mistakes that have corrupted results, to unnecessarily complicated probability models and models with fidelity far exceeding existing data, to more basic questions about how terrorist behavior should be modeled. Rather than merely criticizing what was done in the BTRA of 2006, this new NRC book consults outside experts and collects a number of proposed alternatives that could improve DHS's ability to assess potential terrorist behavior as a key element of risk-informed decision making, and it explains these alternatives in the specific context of the BTRA and the bioterrorism threat. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Studying A Study and Testing a Test Richard K. Riegelman, 2012-06-18 Rev. ed. of: Studying a study and testing a test / Richard K. Riegelman. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Slee's Health Care Terms Debora Slee, Vergil Slee, Joachim Schmidt, 2008 This healthcare dictionary contains more than 8,000 nonmedical words, phrases, and acronyms related to the healthcare industry. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Meta-Analysis, Decision Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Diana B. Petitti, 1999-10-14 Meta-analysis, decision analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis are the cornerstones of evidence-based medicine. These related quantitative methods have become essential tools in the formulation of clinical and public policy based on the synthesis of evidence. All three methods are taught with increasing frequency in medical schools and schools of public health and in health policy courses at the undergraduate and graduate level. This book is a lucid introduction, and will serve the needs of students taking introductory courses that cover these topics. It will also be useful to clinicians and policymakers who need to understand the quantitative underpinnings of the methods in order to best apply the information that derives from them. The second edition of this popular book adds new material on cumulative meta-analysis as a method to explore heterogeneity. The coverage of cost-effectiveness analysis has been brought into close alignment with recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Panel on Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Health and Medicine. Many of the examples have been replaced with more current examples, and all of the material has been updated to reflect recent advances in the methods and the emergence of consensus about some previously controversial issues. analysis. These three closely related methods have become even more important for synthesizing research since the first edition was published in 1994. And they have gained legitimacy as tools for guiding health policy. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Hearings United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, 1971 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Studying a Study and Testing a Test , 2005 Now in its Fifth Edition, this best-selling text presents a step-by-step approach to critical and efficient reading of the medical literature. Health care professionals will learn how to evaluate clinical studies, identify flaws in study design, interpret statistics, and apply evidence from clinical research in practice. This edition's new section, Guide to the Guidelines, reflects the growing use and importance of clinical guidelines. The outcomes research chapter includes concepts of safety and effects of interactions on outcomes. This edition also presents statistics more graphically. Unique learning aids include question checklists, scenarios illustrating study design, and flaw-catching exercises, plus a StudyingaStudy.com Website providing interactive materials. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: True cost accounting applications for agrifood systems policymakers Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2023-11-06 This background paper to The State of Food and Agriculture 2023 introduces true cost accounting (TCA) as an approach to measure and value the costs and benefits generated by agrifood systems in order to facilitate improved decision-making. The paper is based on a systematic review of existing TCA approaches and of relevant case studies in agrifood systems. Guidance on conducting TCA is provided, especially in relation to data collection. The paper ends with a discussion on scaling and harmonizing TCA for agrifood systems transformation. Based on a systematic literature review, the paper describes seven TCA approaches and identifies nine case studies deemed most relevant to policymakers in agrifood systems. It then proceeds to describe the different stages and steps needed to undergo a TCA study, such as: setting the boundaries of their assessment; determining the materiality of indicators; and estimating data points that are not readily available. The latter is particularly important given that a lack of (robust) data at low cost is potentially the main barrier to applying and scaling up TCA, especially in middle- and low-income countries.Because a TCA study requires a substantial amount of data to be collected, it is important to start with the data that are available and use this to determine which data points are crucial to answering a given policy question, to then focus on refining the available data points and filling in missing data points that are essential to the analysis. Another important bottleneck to scaling up TCA is the issue of harmonization, which the paper argues is impeded by the number of approaches available. As future steps for scaling up TCA, harmonization by integrating methodologies and adopting shared principles, ideas and requirements, is thus recommended. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Slee's Health Care Terms Vergil N. Slee, Debora A. Slee, Herbert Joachim Schmidt, 2001 Includes terms from: health care administration, public health & epidemiology, government regulation, ethics & patient empowerment, finance & reimbursement, medical staff organization, clinical medicine & nursing, science, research & technology, law & legislation, and healthy communities movement. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Coastal Zone Management United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oceans and Atmosphere, 1971 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Clinical Handbook of Assessing and Treating Conduct Problems in Youth Rachael C. Murrihy, Antony D. Kidman, Thomas H. Ollendick, 2010-08-26 Conduct problems, particularly oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD), are the most common mental health problems affecting children and adolescents. The consequences to individuals, families, and schools may be severe and long-lasting. To ameliorate negative outcomes and ensure the most effective treatment for aggressive and antisocial youth, early diagnosis and evidence-based interventions are essential. Clinical Handbook of Assessing and Treating Conduct Problems in Youth provides readers with both a solid grounding in theory and a comprehensive examination of the evidence-based assessment strategies and therapeutic practices that can be used to treat a highly diverse population with a wide range of conduct problems. It provides professional readers with an array of evidence-based interventions, both universal and targeted, that can be implemented to improve behavioral and social outcomes in children and adolescents. This expertly written resource: Lays the foundation for understanding conduct problems in youth, including epidemiology, etiology, and biological, familial, and contextual risk factors. Details the assessment process, with in-depth attention to tools, strategies, and differential diagnosis. Reviews nine major treatment protocols, including Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), multisystemic therapy (MST) for adolescents, school-based group approaches, residential treatment, and pharmacotherapy. Critiques the current generation of prevention programs for at-risk youth. Explores salient issues in working effectively with minority youth. Offers methods for evaluating intervention programs, starting with cost analysis. This volume serves as a one-stop reference for all professionals who seek a solid grounding in theory as well as those who need access to evidence-based assessment and therapies for conduct problems. It is a must-have volume for anyone working with at-risk children, including clinical child, school, and developmental psychologists; forensic psychologists; social workers; school counselors and allied professionals; and medical and psychiatric practitioners. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Handbook of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology, Child and Adolescent Disorders Michel Hersen, Peter Sturmey, 2012-08-02 Handbook of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology, Volume 1 covers the evidence-based practices now identified for treating children and adolescents with a wide range of DSM disorders. Topics include fundamental issues, developmental disorders, behavior and habit disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, and eating disorders. Each chapter provides a comprehensive review of the evidence-based practice literature for each disorder and then covers several different treatment types for clinical implementation. Edited by the renowned Peter Sturmey and Michel Hersen and featuring contributions from experts in the field, this reference is ideal for academics, researchers, and libraries. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Improving Healthcare Quality in Europe Characteristics, Effectiveness and Implementation of Different Strategies OECD, World Health Organization, 2019-10-17 This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and provides recommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers to understand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies and combinations of strategies. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Regulatory Reform United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations, 1996 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Concepts in Judgement and Decision Research Barry F. Anderson, 1981 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Beyond Benefit Cost Analysis Domenico Patassini, 2017-11-30 Illustrated by case studies from Europe, North America and the Middle East, this book examines how non-market values can be identified, measured and incorporated into planning evaluation methodologies. The traditional means of assessing planning options, benefit-cost analysis, requires that all effects be expressed in monetary terms and this volume offers alternative approaches. It presents strategies for accomplishing the major purposes of planning evaluation - including the provision of an explicit, replicable basis for public assessment - in alternative ways. Growing demand for public involvement and for accountability in decision making requires better means for accommodating a broad range of concerns in planning evaluation. Methodologies examined include effectiveness-cost and multicriteria analysis, and the book explores how these have been applied in practice in developing special-issue plans, complex regional development strategies, and efforts to analyze the environmental justice implications of major infrastructure projects. Use of scenarios and problem structuring methods by stakeholder groups are also explored. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Improving Diagnosis in Health Care National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Diagnostic Error in Health Care, 2015-12-29 Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Public Health 101 Richard K. Riegelman, Brenda Kirkwood, 2015 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Coastal Zone Management, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Oceans and Atmosphere...92-1, on S.582, 632, 638, and 992, May 5, 6, and 11, 1971 United States. Congress. Senate. Commerce, 1971 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Medical Statistics from A to Z B. S. Everitt, 2003-06-26 An accessible non-technical introduction to the terminology of medical statistics. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Churchill Livingstone Pocket Radiography and Medical Imaging Dictionary E-Book Chris Gunn, 2007-10-11 This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. It is a dictionary of terms used in imaging departments covering radiography, radiotherapy, imaging, radionuclide imaging, ultrasound, MRI, associated medical terms, associated anatomical terms, quality assurance, computers, physics.Historical and modern terminology includedComprehensiveIllustrated |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Dictionary of Environmental Health David Worthington, 2003-08-29 Coming from the people who brought you Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, the Dictionary of Environmental Health will provide a one stop reference to over 3,000 common, and not so common terms, concepts, abbreviations, acronyms and a wealth of supporting data no longer found in most reference books. Suitable for all environmental and public health students and practitioners, the Dictionary of Environmental Health is an essential desktop tool for navigating the huge range of topics for which knowledge is required in today's management of environmental and public health. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Project Management in Logistics and Supply Chain Management Dirk H. Hartel, 2022-03-28 This practice-oriented guide comprehensively describes the basics of planning and implementing project management in logistics and supply chain management. It also presents a range of methods and tools for assessing project risks and monitoring projects. Containing ten detailed and practical examples involving Germany-based global players like Porsche, Würth, Continental and SME, the book shares valuable and well-founded insights into systematic project management. As such, it is chiefly intended for career starters, career changers and students in the field of logistics and supply chain management. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Design for Environment as a Tool for the Development of a Sustainable Supply Chain Maurizio Bevilacqua, Filippo Emanuele Ciarapica, Giancarlo Giacchetta, 2012-01-05 Environmental Design is becoming an increasingly significant agenda for many manufacturing companies and yet there is no standard to their approaches, strategies or their levels of execution. Applying Design for Environment (DfE) methodologies to develop a more sustainable supply chain has formed procedures and techniques which allow designers to integrate these methods with environmental supply chain management. Design for Environment as a Tool for the Development of a Sustainable Supply Chain aims to define relevant target specifications for a product throughout its life cycle; from conception and design to the end of its operating life. Be considering this new approach to the supply chain, environmental responsiveness can work in tandem with sounds business management. The usual focus on suppliers, manufacturers and customers is expanded in Design for Environment as a Tool for the Development of a Sustainable Supply Chain to include stakeholders such as government bodies and recycling companies. The influence of these additional groups is analyzed alongside concepts such as: Product life cycle development aimed at environmental impact minimization; Supplier selection and management based on environmental criteria; and Marketing and communication choices which increase the value of environmentally sensitive products. By including several case studies alongside theoretical topics, Design for Environment as a Tool for the Development of a Sustainable Supply Chains acts as a foundation for professionals across the supply chain, from industrial designers to marketing and sales departments, who are involved in environmental issues. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Handbook of Bureaucracy Ali Farazmand, 2018-12-13 This encyclopedic reference/text provides an analysis of the basic issues and major aspects of bureaucracy, bureaucratic politics and administrative theory, public policy, and public administration in historical and contemporary perspectives. Examining theoretical, philosophical, and empirical interpretations, as well as the intricate position of b |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: The Cost-benefit State Cass R. Sunstein, 2002 This book discusses the current topic of Federal Government regulations increasingly assessed by asking whether the benefits of the regulation justifies the cost of the regulation. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Key Concepts in Social Research Methods Roger Gomm, 2009-04-30 An in-depth glossary, this accessible book successfully introduces students to the key concepts and terms used in social research. Terms are organised alphabetically and fully cross-referenced for use of ease. Suggestions for further reading help to consolidate knowledge and aids understanding. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Cost-benefit Analysis in Education Hans Heinrich Thias, 1969 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Closing the Quality Gap Kaveh G. Shojania, 2004 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Foundations of ITIL® V3 Arjen de Jong, Axel Kolthof, Jan van Bon, 2007-09-09 Note: This book is available in several languages: Dutch, English, French, Spanish. Foundations of ITIL and its predecessors have become the industry classic guide on the topic of ITIL. Over the years this authoritative guide has earned its place on the bookshelves and in the briefcases of industry experts as they implement best practices within their organizations. This version has now been upgraded to reflect ITIL V3. Written in the same concise way and covering all the facts, readers will find that this title succinctly covers the key aspects of the ITIL V3 upgrade. The ITIL V3 approach covering the ITIL Lifecycle is fully covered. In addition those who are familiar with the Version 2 process approach will be delighted to discover that this new edition of Foundations of ITIL has split out all the processes and describes them in detail. This means that it is easy for all readers to access and grasp the process concepts that are so pivotal to many service management day-to-day operations. This title covers the following: |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Economic Efficiency and Social Welfare (Routledge Revivals) E. J. Mishan, 2013-05-13 First published in 1981, Professor Mishan’s Economic Efficiency and Social Welfare: Selected Essays on Fundamental Aspects of the Economic Theory of Social Welfare is a collection of 22 pioneering essays written while the author was teaching at the London School of Economics and chosen to indicate landmarks in the development of his own thought. Professor Mishan, who also enjoys an international reputation as a popular writer on the impact of modern economic growth on social welfare, is among the foremost authorities in the field of resource allocation, and his influence in his subject area has been profound. Mishan’s essays, while generally accessible to the layman due to the author’s lucidity, his economy in the use of mathematical notation and his concern with perspective, are invaluable reading for the economics undergraduate. The essays are particularly relevant to upper level students of project appraisal, welfare economics and cost benefit analysis requiring a coherent survey of their field of study. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Making Medicines Affordable National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies, 2018-03-01 Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€and health care at largeâ€more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: The Management and Logistics of Blood Banking Joseph C. Fratantoni, Anthony A. René, 1978 |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Introduction to the ITIL service lifecycle Office of Government Commerce, Great Britain. Office of Government Commerce, 2010-05-12 This official introduction is a gateway to ITIL. It explains the basic concept of IT Service Management (ITSM) and the place of ITIL, introducing the new lifecycle model, which puts into context all the familiar ITIL processes from the earlier books. It also serves to illuminate the background of thr new ITIL structure.This title introduces ITSM and ITIL, explains why the service lifecycle approach is best practice in today's ITSM, and makes a persuasive case for change.After showing high level process models, it takes the reader through the main principles that govern the new version: lifecycle stages, governance and decision making, then the principles behind design and deployment, and operation and optimisation. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Encyclopedia of International Development Tim Forsyth, 2018-10-24 International development is now a major global activity and the focus of the rapidly growing academic discipline of development studies. The Encyclopedia of International Development provides definitions and discussions of the key concepts, controversies and actors associated with international development for a readership of development workers, teachers and students. With 600 entries, ranging in length from shorter factual studies to more in-depth essays, a comprehensive system of cross references and a full index, it is the most definitive guide to international development yet published. Development is more than a simple increase in a country's wealth and living conditions. It also implies increasing people's choices and freedoms; it is change that is inclusive and empowering. Development theory and practice has important applications to questions of economic growth, trade, governance, education, healthcare, gender rights and environmental protection, and it involves issues such as international aid, peacekeeping, famine relief and strategies against HIV/AIDS. The Encyclopedia treats these topics and many more, and provides critical analyses of important actors within development such as the United Nations and World Bank, non-governmental organizations and corporations. Contributors to this volume reflect the multidisciplinary and international nature of the subject. They come from social science disciplines such as economics, international studies, political science and anthropology, and from specialities such as medicine. This Encyclopedia provides crucial information for universities, students and professional organizations involved with international development, and those interested in related topics such as international studies or other studies of social and economic change today. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: The ISM method Version 3 Jan van Bon, Wim Hoving, 2017-06-30 This book describes a revolutionary approach on how to successfully implement IT service management (ITSM) in an easier, faster, cheaper, and especially more effective way. In the book, the lessons of 30 years are used to put an end to the chaos and complexity of ineffective ITSM projects. Based on simple paradigms, a single and compact solution is described for the integrated service management with People, Process and Product. This is not achieved by setting ITIL or ASL aside, but by rearranging the many valuable elements of these frameworks into a simple logical structure, and filling the gaps. Although the paradigms are explained extensively in the book, the solution is very practical and has been proven in recent years in dozens of projects with small and large organizations. This publication describes the implementation method, with a strong focus on quality assurance and cultural change, a comprehensive definition list, and an example of a compact process model. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Precautionary Risk Management M. Jablonowski, 2006-07-28 Dealing with high-stakes risk potentials is dependent on getting to grips with easy to understand, yet difficult to apply, criteria for decision. With a fresh, honest approach, this book shows why scientific assessments of catastrophic risk based on averages don't work, and sets the stage for making the tough choice between precaution and fatalism. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Gabriele Halwachs-Baumann, 2018-11-29 This second edition updates the reader on the most common intrauterine transmitted viral infection, CMV. The history of this disease, its pathophysiological background, epidemiology and symptoms, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, will be discussed in detail. Further a section specifically dedicated to prevention measures is included to the new edition. The chapter on virus-host interaction for defense and transmission is elaborately updated. |
| cost benefit analysis synonym: Law and Bioethics George P. Smith II, 2012-05-23 George P. Smith, II is a leading figure in the world of medical law and ethics. During his long career he has addressed some of the most important issues in bioethics and has contributed much original thought to debates in the field. This book celebrates his contribution to scholarship in this area and brings together his key writings in bioethics. The chapters include previously published material which has been substantially updated to reflect recent developments in medicine and law. The book covers topics such as: human rights and medical law; the allocation of resources and distributive justice; ethical relativism; science and religion; and public health emergencies. Taken as a whole, this book examines the extent to which law, medicine, economics, and bioethics interact as synergistic vectors of force in shaping and setting both personal and public responses to the complexities of biotechnology, or what has been referred to as The New Biology. All too often, past considerations of this topic have neglected to recognise the synergistic influences of law as a catalyst for codifying contemporary values into normative standards. Professor Smith reaches the conclusion that if traditional bioethical principles are to be seen as pertinent constructs for policy making, they must be broadened through the law of public health and Human rights. Law and Bioethics: Intersections along the Mortal Coil casts law as the pivotal force in bringing stability to the ongoing debates on how to maintain bioethical relevance in decision making and in so doing, it offers an excellent overview of the current bioethical issues in medical law considered in light of recent and ongoing technological developments in medicine. This book will be of particular interest to academics and students of Law, Political Science, Philosophy and Economics. |
Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) - Yahoo Finance
Find the latest Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) stock quote, history, news and other vital information to help you with your stock trading and investing.
COST Stock Price | Costco Wholesale Corp. Stock Quote (U.S ...
3 days ago · COST | Complete Costco Wholesale Corp. stock news by MarketWatch. View real-time stock prices and stock quotes for a full financial overview.
COST Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of COST is the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something : price. How to use cost in a sentence.
COST | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
COST definition: 1. the amount of money needed to buy, do, or make something: 2. the amount of money needed for a…. Learn more.
Cost - definition of cost by The Free Dictionary
cost - value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something; "the cost in human life was enormous"; "the price of success is hard work"; "what price glory?"
Cost - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
The cost of something is how much money you need to spend on it. The high cost of a fancy coffee drink might surprise you. A new car costs thousands of dollars, while in some places …
What is a Cost? - Definition | Meaning | Example
Definition: A cost is an expenditure required to produce or sell a product or get an asset ready for normal use. In other words, it’s the amount paid to manufacture a product, purchase inventory, …
Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) - Yahoo Finance
Find the latest Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) stock quote, history, news and other vital information to help you with your stock trading and investing.
COST Stock Price | Costco Wholesale Corp. Stock Quote (U.S ...
3 days ago · COST | Complete Costco Wholesale Corp. stock news by MarketWatch. View real-time stock prices and stock quotes for a full financial overview.
COST Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of COST is the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something : price. How to use cost in a sentence.
COST | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
COST definition: 1. the amount of money needed to buy, do, or make something: 2. the amount of money needed for a…. Learn more.
Cost - definition of cost by The Free Dictionary
cost - value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something; "the cost in human life was enormous"; "the price of success is hard work"; "what price glory?"
Cost - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
The cost of something is how much money you need to spend on it. The high cost of a fancy coffee drink might surprise you. A new car costs thousands of dollars, while in some places …
What is a Cost? - Definition | Meaning | Example
Definition: A cost is an expenditure required to produce or sell a product or get an asset ready for normal use. In other words, it’s the amount paid to manufacture a product, purchase inventory, …
