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| costa rica's history: The History of Costa Rica Iván Molina Jiménez, Steven Paul Palmer, 1998 |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rican Natural History Daniel H. Janzen, 2018-12-14 This volume is a synthesis of existing knowledge about the flora and fauna of Costa Rica. The major portion of the book consists of detailed accounts of agricultural species, vegetation, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds, and insects. This is an extraordinary, virtually unique work. . . . The tremendous amount of original, previously unpublished, firsthand information is remarkable.—Peter H. Raven, Director, Missouri Botanical Garden An essential resource for anyone interested in tropical biology. . . . It can be used both as an encyclopedia—a source of facts on specific organisms—and as a source of ideas and generalizations about tropical ecology.—Alan P. Smith, Ecology |
| costa rica's history: The Saints of Progress Carmen Kordick, 2019-01-29 A reshaping of traditional understandings of Costa Rica and its national identity The Saints of Progress: A History of Coffee, Migration, and Costa Rican National Identity chronicles the development of the Tarrazú Valley, a historically remote—although internationally celebrated—coffee-growing region. Carmen Kordick’s work traces the development of this region from the early nineteenth century to the first decades of the twenty-first century to consider the nation-building process from the margins, while also questioning traditional scholarly works that have reproduced, rather than deconstructed, Costa Rica’s exceptionalist national mythology, which hail Costa Rica as Central America’s “white,” democratic, nonviolent, and egalitarian republic. In this compelling political, economic, and lived history, Kordick suggests that Costa Rica’s exceptionalist and egalitarian mythology emerged during the Cold War, as revolution, civil war, military dictatorship, and state violence plagued much of Central America. From the vantage point of Costa Rica’s premier coffee-producing region, she examines local, national, and transnational processes. This deeply textured narrative details the inauguration of coffee capitalism, which heightened existing class divisions; a successful armed revolt against the national government, which forged the current political regime; and the onset of massive out-migration to the United States. Kordick’s research incorporates more than one hundred oral histories and thousands of archival sources gathered in both Costa Rica and the United States to produce a human history of Costa Rica’s past. Her work on the recent past profiles the experiences of migrants in the United States, mostly in New Jersey, where many undocumented Costa Ricans find low-paid work in the restaurant and landscaping sectors. The result is a fine-grained examination of Tarrazú’s development from the 1820s to the present that reshapes traditional understandings of Costa Rica and its national past. |
| costa rica's history: The Green Republic Sterling Evans, 2010-06-28 With over 25 percent of its land set aside in national parks and other protected areas, Costa Rica is renowned worldwide as the green republic. In this very readable history of conservation in Costa Rica, Sterling Evans explores the establishment of the country's national park system as a response to the rapid destruction of its tropical ecosystems due to the expansion of export-related agriculture. Drawing on interviews with key players in the conservation movement, as well as archival research, Evans traces the emergence of a conservation ethic among Costa Ricans and the tangible forms it has taken. In Part I, he describes the development of the national park system and the grand contradiction that conservation occurred simultaneously with massive deforestation in unprotected areas. In Part II, he examines other aspects of Costa Rica's conservation experience, including the important roles played by environmental education and nongovernmental organizations, campesino and indigenous movements, ecotourism, and the work of the National Biodiversity Institute. |
| costa rica's history: The Costa Rica Reader Steven Paul Palmer, Iván Molina Jiménez, 2004-10-29 DIVAn interdisciplinary anthology that includes many primary resources never before published in English./div |
| costa rica's history: "What Happen" Paula Palmer, 1993 |
| costa rica's history: The History of Costa Rica Monica A. Rankin, 2012-05-03 Concise yet thorough, this engaging book provides an overview of the unique history of an increasingly important Central American nation. The History of Costa Rica provides a thorough, straightforward narrative of a Central American country that has become increasingly more visible since the end of the 20th century. Written for students and the general reader, this book covers the nation from its pre-Colombian origins to the present day. This chronologically organized volume documents the area's earliest inhabitants, then moves on through the colonial period, the process of nation-state formation in the 19th century, the volatile period of liberal reform, and the era of civil war and its aftermath. More recent times are also explored, including the role of Costa Rica in the Cold War, the peace process of the 1980s, and the development of the strong tourism industry that flourishes today. Among the prominent themes running through the book are the unique historical development of the country, the importance of its democratic tradition, and Costa Rica's role in a global context. |
| costa rica's history: A Year of Costa Rican Natural History Amelia Smith Calvert, Philip Powell Calvert, 1917 |
| costa rica's history: Gold and Power in Ancient Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia Jeffrey Quilter, John W. Hoopes, 2003 The lands between Mesoamerica and the Central Andes are famed for the rich diversity of ancient cultures that inhabited them. Throughout this vast region, from about AD 700 until the sixteenth-century Spanish invasion, a rich and varied tradition of goldworking was practiced. The amount of gold produced and worn by native inhabitants was so great that Columbus dubbed the last New World shores he sailed as Costa Rica—the Rich Coast. Despite the long-recognized importance of the region in its contribution to Pre-Columbian culture, very few books are readily available, especially in English, on these lands of gold. Gold and Power in Ancient Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia now fills that gap with eleven articles by leading scholars in the field. Issues of culture change, the nature of chiefdom societies, long-distance trade and transport, ideologies of value, and the technologies of goldworking are covered in these essays as are the role of metals as expressions and materializations of spiritual, political, and economic power. These topics are accompanied by new information on the role of stone statuary and lapidary work, craft and trade specialization, and many more topics, including a reevaluation of the concept of the Intermediate Area. Collectively, the volume provides a new perspective on the prehistory of these lands and includes articles by Latin American scholars whose writings have rarely been published in English. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica Carolyn Hall, 1985-10-20 |
| costa rica's history: The Mammals of Costa Rica Mark Wainwright, 2007 First published 2002 as The natural history of Costa Rican mammals by Zona Tropical--T.p. verso. |
| costa rica's history: The Ecolaboratory Robert Fletcher, Brian Dowd-Uribe, Guntra A. Aistara, 2020-03-17 Despite its tiny size and seeming marginality to world affairs, the Central American republic of Costa Rica has long been considered an important site for experimentation in cutting-edge environmental policy. From protected area management to ecotourism to payment for environmental services (PES) and beyond, for the past half-century the country has successfully positioned itself at the forefront of novel trends in environmental governance and sustainable development. Yet the increasingly urgent dilemma of how to achieve equitable economic development in a world of ecosystem decline and climate change presents new challenges, testing Costa Rica’s ability to remain a leader in innovative environmental governance. This book explores these challenges, how Costa Rica is responding to them, and the lessons this holds for current and future trends regarding environmental governance and sustainable development. It provides the first comprehensive assessment of successes and challenges as they play out in a variety of sectors, including agricultural development, biodiversity conservation, water management, resource extraction, and climate change policy. By framing Costa Rica as an “ecolaboratory,” the contributors in this volume examine the lessons learned and offer a path for the future of sustainable development research and policy in Central America and beyond. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica After Coffee Lowell Gudmundson, 2021-10-20 Costa Rica After Coffee explores the political, social, and economic place occupied by the coffee industry in contemporary Costa Rican history. In this follow-up to the 1986 classic Costa Rica Before Coffee, Lowell Gudmundson delves deeply into archival sources, alongside the individual histories of key coffee-growing families, to explore the development of the co-op movement, the rise of the gourmet coffee market, and the societal transformations Costa Rica has undergone as a result of the coffee industry’s powerful presence in the country. While Costa Rican coffee farmers and co-ops experienced a golden age in the 1970s and 1980s, the emergence and expansion of a gourmet coffee market in the 1990s drastically reduced harvest volumes. Meanwhile, urbanization and improved education among the Costa Rican population threatened the continuance of family coffee farms, because of the lack of both farmland and a successor generation of farmers. As the last few decades have seen a rise in tourism and other industries within the country, agricultural exports like coffee have ceased to occupy the same crucial space in the Costa Rican economy. Gudmundson argues that the fulfillment of promises of reform from the co-op era had the paradoxical effect of challenging the endurance of the coffee industry. |
| costa rica's history: Pottery of Costa Rica and Nicaragua Samuel Kirkland Lothrop, 1926 |
| costa rica's history: The Butterflies of Costa Rica and Their Natural History Philip J. DeVries, 1987 Volume II of biologist Philip J. DeVries's study of the butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural history provides the first detailed treatment of over 250 species of Costa Rican butterflies in the family Riodinidae. This work is a sequel to Volume I which focused on butterflies of the Papilionidae, Pieridae, and Nymphalidae groups. color plates; 80 halftones; 13 line illus. 3 maps and 13 tables. |
| costa rica's history: The Ticos Mavis Hiltunen Biesanz, Richard Biesanz, Karen Zubris Biesanz, 1999 The authors trace the evolution of Costa Rican culture and institutions from pre-Columbian times through the late 1990s. Particularly concerned with the change wrought by the economic crisis of the 1980s, they base their portrayal on interviews with Costa Ricans; observations of many facets--from coffee plantation work to the deliberations of the Legislature; and readings of journalists, essayists, poets, historians, and others. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rican Ecosystems Maarten Kappelle, 2016-04-15 In 1502, Christopher Columbus named Costa Rica, and while gold and silver never materialized to justify the moniker of rich coast in purely economic terms, scientists and ecotravelers alike have long appreciated its incredible wealth. Wealth in Costa Rica is best measured by its biodiversityhome to a dizzying number of plants and animals, many endemic, it s a country that has long encouraged and welcomed researchers from the world over, and is exemplary in the creation and commitment to indigenous conservation and management programs. Costa Rica is considered to have the best preserved natural resources in Latin America. Approximately nine percent (about 1,000,000 acres) of Costa Rica has been protected in 15 national parks, and a comparable amount of land is protected as wildlife refuges, forest reserves or Indian reservations. This long-awaited synthesis of Costa Rican ecosystems is an authoritative presentation of the paleoecology, biogeography, structure, conservation, and sustainable use of Costa Rica s ecosystems. It systematically covers the entire range of Costa Rica s natural and managed, terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems, including its island systems (Cocos Islands), the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and shores (coasts, coral reefs, mangrove forests), its lowlands (dry, season and wet forests), its highlands (the northern volcanoes and southern Talamanca s), and its estuaries, rivers, lakes, swamps and bogs. The volume s integrated, comprehensive format will be welcomed by tropical and temperate biologists alike, by biogeographers, plant and animal ecologists, marine biologists, conservation biologists, foresters, policy-makers and all scientists, natural history specialists and all with an interest in Costa Rica s ecosystems. |
| costa rica's history: Crisis in Costa Rica John Patrick Bell, 2014-09-01 The Costa Rican revolution of 1948 capped an extended period of social tension and political unrest. This book analyzes the circumstances of 1940–1948 that led to a successful armed uprising. A secondary and related theme is the role of José Figueres Ferrer in marshaling disparate groups into a movement sufficiently cohesive to seize and hold power. In the 1940s the Communists, the Social Democrats (forerunners of the National Liberation Party), and the followers of Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia within the traditional National Republican party competed to lead the middle sector’s demand for modernization. Most accounts of this period have presented the Calderón regime as aristocratic or oligarchic in nature, yet as linked to an international Communist movement. John Patrick Bell, supporting his argument with considerable detail and documentation from newspapers and private papers, argues that Calderón came to depend upon his alliance with the Communist-oriented Vanguardia Popular to counteract the defection of the right wing of the National Republican party and that the sources of the Vanguardia Popular were basically indigenous. The calderonistas’ comprehensive program for social and economic reform had elicited strong conservative reaction, and this opposition was ready to push the charge of communism against Calderón. Costa Rica thus entered a period of violent political confrontation that culminated in the electoral victory of the conservative candidate, Otilio Ulate Blanco, in February 1948. When the calderonista majority in Congress annulled the election, José Figueres Ferrer launched a successful uprising purportedly to force ratification of Ulate’s election. In reality, however, Figueres had been planning a revolt for nearly six years to redirect modernization along social democratic lines. Figueres and his group, seeking even more radical reforms than the calderonistas, were able to use the opposition movement to their advantage, simply because they were prepared, even with force, when the right moment arrived. The National Liberation Movement, led to power by Figueres, dominated the national political development of Costa Rica for decades afterward. Eschewing a strictly chronological framework, Bell has utilized a topical structure that facilitates a full description of shifts in foreign policy in the United States and Latin America that affected the outcome of the struggle in Costa Rica. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica - Culture Smart! Jane Koutnik, Culture Smart!, 2012-10-01 Costa Rica is renowned for its tropical beauty, the warmth and charm of the Ticos—its people's own name for themselves—and its political stability. This Switzerland of the Americas is widely regarded as an oasis of democracy in turbulent Central America. Since the first edition of Culture Smart! Costa Rica was published in 2005, however, there have been some important changes and, with rapid economic development, some growing pains. Over the past few years there has been a movement of population to the towns of the Central Valley. Higher education is now the norm for young Ticos, and the middle class has expanded—but so has the gap between rich and poor. Tourism took a dive after the 2009 recession, and the national debt has grown, while the arrival of multinationals and significant Chinese investment has been welcomed. Unemployment has risen, people are prepared to go on strike more readily, and there is a general disillusionment with politicians. In the face of mounting difficulties the Ticos remain remarkably peaceable, relaxed, and fun-loving. Their enthusiasm for life is seen as much in their passion for soccer as in their demonstrations in support of human and political rights. Culture Smart! Costa Rica explores and explains the complex human realities of modern Costa Rican life. Armed with this information, you will be better equipped to understand your hosts and to enjoy your visit to this beguiling and beautiful country to the full. |
| costa rica's history: Sparrow and the Hawk Kyle Longley, 1997 During World War II and the immediate postwar era, both the United States and Costa Rica experienced dramatic changes. The United States assumed world leadership and the accompanying responsibilities; Costa Rica encountered far-reaching difficulties that culminated in civil war in 1948 and the rise to power of Jose Figueres. |
| costa rica's history: The Costa Rican Women's Movement Ilse Abshagen Leitinger, 2014-08-12 This reader reflects the genesis, scope, and direction of women’s activism in a single Latin American country. It collects the voices of forty-one diverse women who live in Costa Rica, some radical, others strongly conservative, and most ranging inbetween, as they write about their lives, their problems, their aspirations. Unlike the comparative studies of women’s issues that look at several different countries, the reader provides an insider’s view of one small, but quintessentially Latin American, society. These women write of their own experience in organizing and working for change within the Costa Rican community. Some represent groups fitting into traditional “women’s movement” that wants to improve certain aspects of women’s and families’ daily lives. Still others, the “feminists,” argue forcefully that true improvement requires a profound change of power relations in society, of women’s access to power and decision making. The articles are organized into thematic groups that range from the definitions of Feminism in Costa Rica to women in Costa Rican history, women’s legal equality, discrimination against women, and the status of Women’s Studies. The brief biographies that identify each author underscore the leadership of Costa Rican women in Latin American Feminism. The founders and editors of Mujer, one of the most influential Feminist journals in Latin America, are among the authors represented in the reader. The audience for this book will include specialists interested in Latin America, in women in Latin America, and in the international women’s movement. |
| costa rica's history: West Indians of Costa Rica Ronald N. Harpelle, 2001 Harpelle (history, Lakehead U.) examines the migration of Caribbean people of African descent to the Hispanic-dominated, white-settler society of Costa Rica from 1900 to 1950, and the gradual ethnic transformation of this group into Afro-Costa Ricans. Coverage includes the expansion of the Costa Rican banana industry and the rise of the West Indian labor force; the emergence of the young Jamaican activist, Marcus Garvey; the post-WWI period of heightened unrest; attempts by Costa Rican governments, organizations and individuals to destroy the West Indian community; the eventual integration of West Indians into Costa Rican society in the 1940s and early-1950s; and the eventual formation of the Afro-Costa Rican identity. Distributed in the US by Cornell University Services. c. Book News Inc. |
| costa rica's history: Reptiles of Costa Rica Twan Leenders, 2019-08-15 Reptiles of Costa Rica, the long-awaited companion to Amphibians of Costa Rica, is the first ever comprehensive field guide to the crocodilians, turtles, lizards, and snakes of Costa Rica. A popular destination for tourists and biologists because of its biodiversity, the country is particularly rich in reptile fauna, boasting 245 species. The sheer diversity in shapes, sizes, colors, and natural history traits of these animals is beautifully displayed in this book. Lizards range from minuscule dwarf geckos to dinosaur-like iguanids, and everything in between, while the country's snakes include tiny eyeless wormsnakes, massive boas, as well as twenty-three dangerously venomous species, which include the largest vipers in the world. Author, photographer, and conservation biologist Twan Leenders has been researching and documenting the herpetofauna of Costa Rica for nearly twenty-five years. His explorations have taken him to remote parts of Costa Rica that few people ever visit, journeys that usually find him hauling an array of photographic equipment to document his finds. In addition to including more than 1,000 photographs, detailed black and white scientific illustrations, and range maps, this book also features paintings of anole dewlaps, a key identification feature for that very complex group of lizards. This new field guide will enable the reader to identify all species, while also providing a wealth of information about natural history, predation, breeding strategies, habitat preferences, and conservation of Costa Rica's reptile fauna. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica Before Coffee Lowell Gudmundson, 1999-03-01 Costa Rica Before Coffee centers on the decade of the 1840s, when the impact of coffee and export agriculture began to revolutionize Costa Rican society. Lowell Gudmundson focuses on the nature of the society prior to the coffee boom, but he also makes observations on the entire sweep of Costa Rican history, from earliest colonial times to the present, and in his final chapter compares the country's development and agrarian structures with those of other Latin American nations. These wide-ranging applications follow inevitably, since the author convincingly portrays the 1840s as they key decade in any interpretation of Costa Rican history.Gudmundson synthesizes and questions the existing historical literature on Costa Rica, relegating much of it to the realm of myth. He attacks what he calls the rural democratic myth (or rural egalitarian model) of Costa Rica's past, a myth that he argues has pervaded the country's historiography and politics and has had a huge impact on its image abroad and on its citizens' self-image. The rural democratic myth paints a rather idyllic picture of the country's past. It holds that prior to the coffee boom, the vast majority of Costa Rica's population was made up of peasants who owned small farms and were largely self-sufficient. These peasants enjoyed a high degree of social and economic quality; there were no important social distinctions and little division of labor. According to the myth, the primary source of this relatively egalitarian social order was the period of colonial rule, which ended in 1821. The new developments wrought by coffee and agrarian capitalism are seen as destructive of this rural democracy and as leading directly to unprecedented social problems that arose as a result of division of labor, rapid population growth, and widespread class antagonism.Gudmundson rejects virtually all of the components of this rural egalitarian model for pre-coffee society and reinterprets the early impact of coffee. He uses an array of sources, including census records, notary archives, and probate inventories, many of them previously unknown or unused, to analyze the country's social hierarchy, the division of labor, the distribution of wealth, various forms of private and communal land tenure, differentiation between cities and villages, household and family structure, and the elite before and after the rise of coffee. His powerful conclusion is that rather than reflecting the complexities of Costa Rican history, the rural egalitarian model is largely a construct of coffee culture itself, used to support the order that supplanted the colonial regime. Gudmundson ultimately reveals that the conceptual framework of the rural democratic myth has been limiting both to is supporters and to its opponents. Costa Rica Before Coffee proposes an alternative to the myth, on that emphasizes the complexity of agrarian history and breaks important new ground. |
| costa rica's history: Keith and Costa Rica Watt Stewart, 1964 Minor Cooper Keith was an American who, pursuing personal wealth, helped to develop a small country. Keith made a fortune in Costa Rica, built its railroads, was chief collector of its archaeological treasures. As a founder of the United Fruit Company, he introduced the banana as a staple on the world market. In 1871, after graduation from a Brooklyn high school and a successful year herding his own cattle on an island off Texas, he went to work for his brother in Costa Rica. He died on his family estate on Long Island in 1929. The greatest drama in his life was the building of the railroad -- greatest, too, in the economic life of that Central American republic. The bridge over the Birris, a fine structure for its day -- 300 feet at its highest point above the river, 600 feet long -- was the difficult final link. In 1890 on the initial run, the engineer approaching the bridge, fearing it would collapse, refused to continue. Keith, seizing the American flag, mounted the cowcatcher. When the intrepid contractor showed such courage, where was the engineer who would hesitate further? The bridge was crossed; the line, twenty years abuilding, became a reality. - Back of jacket. |
| costa rica's history: The History of Costa Rica Monica A. Rankin, 2024-02-22 Concise yet thorough, this engaging book provides an overview of the unique history of an increasingly important Central American nation. The History of Costa Rica provides a thorough, straightforward narrative of a Central American country that has become increasingly more visible since the end of the 20th century. Written for students and the general reader, this book covers the nation from its pre-Colombian origins to the present day. This chronologically organized volume documents the area's earliest inhabitants, then moves on through the colonial period, the process of nation-state formation in the 19th century, the volatile period of liberal reform, and the era of civil war and its aftermath. More recent times are also explored, including the role of Costa Rica in the Cold War, the peace process of the 1980s, and the development of the strong tourism industry that flourishes today. Among the prominent themes running through the book are the unique historical development of the country, the importance of its democratic tradition, and Costa Rica's role in a global context. |
| costa rica's history: Peasants Against Globalization Marc Edelman, 1999 The author argues that the experience of rural activism in Costa Rica in the 1980s and 1990s calls into question much current theory about collective action, peasantries, development, and ethnographic research. The book invites the reader to rethink debates about old and new social movements, to grapple with the ethical and methodological dilemmas of engaged ethnography, to retrace the long history of development ignored by its postmodernist critics, and to come face-to-face with peasants stubbornly committed to survival.--BOOK JACKET. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica Barbara Ras, 1994 A collection of 26 remarkable stories by Costa Rican writers--most of which is available in English for the first time. Whether searching for something relevant and entertaining to read on Costa Rica's idyllic beaches or looking for Latin American enchantment back home, this is a fiction reader's cultural guidebook to the country. 2-page map. |
| costa rica's history: Shattering Myths on Immigration and Emigration in Costa Rica Carlos Sandoval-García, 2010-12-27 Shattering Myths on Immigration and Emigration in Costa Rica is a major contribution to scholarship on Central American immigration by the sheer number of topics it covers by an internationally recognized team of scholars from several disciplines. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica. Elizabeth Raum Elizabeth Raum, 2012-08-10 Costa Rica offers complete coverage of this fascinating country, including sections on history, geography, wildlife, infrastructure and government, and culture. It also includes a detailed fact file, maps and charts, and a traceable flag. |
| costa rica's history: Costa Rica Adrian Colesberry, Brass McLean, 1993-10 |
| costa rica's history: The Wildlife of Costa Rica Fiona Reid, 2010 Featuring a good selection of common and/or interesting species, The Wildlife of Costa Rica is the most authoritative and most useful general guide to its subject. It will attract every ecotourist visiting Costa Rica. This dream team knows its stuff. and the illustrations are stunning.--Cagan H. Sekercioglu, Stanford University --Book Jacket. |
| costa rica's history: Serpientes de Costa Rica Alejandro Solórzano L., 2004 |
| costa rica's history: Millennial Movements Karen Stocker, 2020-08-11 In these brief and accessible case studies, Costa Rican millennial leaders draw from global solutions to address local problems, inviting students of these emerging social movements to apply similar strategies to their communities at home. |
| costa rica's history: Hostile Acts Martha Honey, 1994 In January 1989, Costa Rica charged CIA operative John Hull with the crime of 'hostile acts.' Hull was accused of contravening the country's policy of unarmed neutrality by using Costa Rican territory to run the contra war against neighboring Nicaragua. Sadly, the term 'hostile acts' seems appropriate to describe the overall impact of U.S. policies on Costa Rica during the 1980's. |
| costa rica's history: A Year of Costa Rican Natural History (Classic Reprint) Amelia Smith Calvert, 2016-12-20 Excerpt from A Year of Costa Rican Natural History Such success as may have attended our studies in Costa Rica was largely due to the many kind friends resident in the country: Prof. J. F. Tristan and members of his family. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. |
| costa rica's history: Don Pepe Charles D. Ameringer, 1978 |
| costa rica's history: Monkeys Are Made of Chocolate Jack Ewing, 2011-11-19 Discover the mysterious and fascinating ways in which animals and plants-and people-interact with one another in the rainforests of Costa Rica. Author and naturalist Jack Ewing shares a wealth of observations and experiences, gathered from more than three decades of living in southwestern Costa Rica, home to some of the most prolific and diverse ecosystems on Earth. More than just a simple collection of essays, Monkeys are Made of Chocolate is a testament to the wonder of life in all its countless guises, as seen through the eyes of a man with a gift for subtle discernment and a natural flair for storytelling. |
| costa rica's history: Historical Dictionary of Costa Rica Theodore S. Creedman, 1991 ...entries are clear, concise, and commendably to-date...useful for nearly any audience from the secondary level on up...an absolute necessity for any library interested in Costa Rica. --ARBA |
| costa rica's history: West Indian Workers and the United Fruit Company in Costa Rica, 1870-1940 Aviva Chomsky, 1996 In the late nineteenth century, several U.S.-based companies, which merged into the United Fruit Company in 1899, began to build railroads and cultivate bananas in Costa Rica's Atlantic Coast province of Limon, recruiting mainly Jamaican workers. The society that developed in Limon was an English-speaking enclave of white North American managers and black West Indian workers, with a culture and history distinct from that of the rest of Costa Rica. This detailed and informative study of the banana industry on Costa Rica's Atlantic Coast, focusing on the lives of the industry's workers, explains why the United Fruit Company was never able to maintain the kind of social and economic control it sought over its workers and how the workers managed to create a vibrant alternative social and economic system around the plantation. West Indian Workers and the United Fruit Company in Costa Rica, 1870-1940 is among the first studies of the social history of multinational corporations and makes a significant contribution to current scholarship on plantation societies and labor systems, the history of medicine, the social and labor history of Central America, and Afro-Caribbean history. |
Historic account of Costa Rican development: the creation of …
How the Costa Rican experience difers to neighbouring countries is described to ensure an understanding of Costa Rica in the Central American region, and as compared to other cofee …
History of the Discovery and Conquest of Costa Rica
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Costa Rica seems like a strong candidate for high economic growth. In contrast with other Latin American countries, Costa Rica has maintained peace and democracy over more than fifty …
The Costa Rica Reader: History, Culture, Politics
After 1880, Costa Rica also became the original ‘‘banana republic’’: it was the crucible of the United Fruit Company, a transnational giant long linked to U.S. power in Latin America.
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History Of Costa Rica Timeline [PDF] - mobile.frcog.org
history of an increasingly important Central American nation The History of Costa Rica provides a thorough straightforward narrative of a Central American country that has become increasingly …
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Our estimates show that Costa Rica‘s per capita GDP grew at an average annual rate of 2.48% in the 1951-2010 period -the period after the abolishment of the army-, while the synthetic control …
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Vladimir de la Cruz, Professor of History at the University of Costa Rica and Dean of the Social Sciences Faculty at the National University in Heredia, has broken new ground in these studies …
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While external forces also played a role, key leaders in its history made decisions encouraging Costa Rica’s development into a peace-promoting stable democratic country.
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This essay confronts official narratives of the Costa Rica’s Civil War of 1948 with testimonies and memories of participants to see how the real social confrontation has been hidden in scholars …
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more than a decade, Costa Rica has been the darling of the environmental movement with an international reputation for successful conservation policies. It has been singled out as one of …
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By approaching this issue through an environmental lens, this article identifies those disadvantaged communities, assessing the extent to which these SD policies have been truly …
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I Costa Rica: Brief History on the Political System - Global …
Costa Rica is a democratic republic, free and independent, according to its political Constitution proclaimed in 1949 and still in force today. The executive power resides with a president and …
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How the Costa Rican experience difers to neighbouring countries is described to ensure an understanding of Costa Rica in the Central American region, and as compared to other cofee …
History of the Discovery and Conquest of Costa Rica
are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will …
Economic Growth in Costa Rica: 1950 – 2000 - University of …
Costa Rica seems like a strong candidate for high economic growth. In contrast with other Latin American countries, Costa Rica has maintained peace and democracy over more than fifty …
The Costa Rica Reader: History, Culture, Politics
After 1880, Costa Rica also became the original ‘‘banana republic’’: it was the crucible of the United Fruit Company, a transnational giant long linked to U.S. power in Latin America.
HISTORY IN BRIEF: ECOTOURISM IN COSTA RICA - Global …
Costa Rica tourism began as an oasis for essentially three types of travelers; bird watchers, adventure seekers (including rafting the many wild rivers, surfing and hiking into the ample …
The History of Costa Rica - ResearchGate
Wondering why Costa Rica is so different from the other vacation sun spots you've visited over the years? Trying to figure out how a tiny tropical country relying
History Of Costa Rica Timeline [PDF] - mobile.frcog.org
history of an increasingly important Central American nation The History of Costa Rica provides a thorough straightforward narrative of a Central American country that has become increasingly …
Costa Rica: Background and U.S. Relations - Federation of …
Costa Rica is a relatively politically stable and economically developed nation with a long tradition of civilian democracy. Former president (1986-1990) and Nobel-laureate Oscar Arias of the …
A farewell to arms: The Long run developmental e ects of …
Our estimates show that Costa Rica‘s per capita GDP grew at an average annual rate of 2.48% in the 1951-2010 period -the period after the abolishment of the army-, while the synthetic control …
Costa Rica and Panama - University of Cincinnati
• 1980’s Reagan administration used Costa Rican territory to attack Sandinista government of Nicaragua • 2007 the U.S. reduced Costa Rica’s debt in return for conservation of Costa …
The Early History of Costa Rica's Labor Movement
Vladimir de la Cruz, Professor of History at the University of Costa Rica and Dean of the Social Sciences Faculty at the National University in Heredia, has broken new ground in these …
Costa Rica Central America's Ecological Haven and
Since its initial colonization by Spain, Costa Rica has relied heavily on agricultural exports. Costa Rican foodstuffs, especially coffee and bananas, fueled the economy well into the 20th …
The Work of Costa Rica’s Many Decisions for Peace
While external forces also played a role, key leaders in its history made decisions encouraging Costa Rica’s development into a peace-promoting stable democratic country.
Historians and History Writing in Costa Rica
one of Costa Rica's most controversial leaders, Braulio Carrillo, who was constrained to flee the country when Morazan took over in 1842, before Carrillo had quite finished his second …
Battle of memories in Costa Rica - Sociedade Brasileira de …
This essay confronts official narratives of the Costa Rica’s Civil War of 1948 with testimonies and memories of participants to see how the real social confrontation has been hidden in scholars …
Costa Rica: An Overview - Federation of American Scientists
Sep 29, 2022 · Costa Rica historically has been a bastion of political and economic stability in an often-turbulent region. The United States has worked closely with Costa Rica to address …
The Green Republic: A Conservation History of Costa Rica, by …
more than a decade, Costa Rica has been the darling of the environmental movement with an international reputation for successful conservation policies. It has been singled out as one of …
Costa Rica: A Sustainability Success Story or an Incomplete …
By approaching this issue through an environmental lens, this article identifies those disadvantaged communities, assessing the extent to which these SD policies have been truly …
PEACEFUL COSTA RICA, THE FIRST - JSTOR
The Revolution of 1948 marked a dramatic departure from Costa Rica's normal pattern of relatively peaceful domestic political and social relations, and it also threatened to disrupt the …
