| cartesian product relational algebra: SQL and Relational Theory C. Date, 2011-12-16 SQL is full of difficulties and traps for the unwary. You can avoid them if you understand relational theory, but only if you know how to put the theory into practice. In this insightful book, author C.J. Date explains relational theory in depth, and demonstrates through numerous examples and exercises how you can apply it directly to your use of SQL. This second edition includes new material on recursive queries, “missing information” without nulls, new update operators, and topics such as aggregate operators, grouping and ungrouping, and view updating. If you have a modest-to-advanced background in SQL, you’ll learn how to deal with a host of common SQL dilemmas. Why is proper column naming so important? Nulls in your database are causing you to get wrong answers. Why? What can you do about it? Is it possible to write an SQL query to find employees who have never been in the same department for more than six months at a time? SQL supports “quantified comparisons,” but they’re better avoided. Why? How do you avoid them? Constraints are crucially important, but most SQL products don’t support them properly. What can you do to resolve this situation? Database theory and practice have evolved since the relational model was developed more than 40 years ago. SQL and Relational Theory draws on decades of research to present the most up-to-date treatment of SQL available. C.J. Date has a stature that is unique within the database industry. A prolific writer well known for the bestselling textbook An Introduction to Database Systems (Addison-Wesley), he has an exceptionally clear style when writing about complex principles and theory. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Relational Methods in Computer Science Chris Brink, Wolfram Kahl, Gunther Schmidt, 1997-04-23 The calculus of relations has been an important component of the development of logic and algebra since the middle of the nineteenth century, when Augustus De Morgan observed that since a horse is an animal we should be able to infer that the head of a horse is the head of an animal. For this, Aristotelian syllogistic does not suffice: We require relational reasoning. George Boole, in his Mathematical Analysis of Logic of 1847, initiated the treatment of logic as part of mathematics, specifically as part of algebra. Quite the opposite conviction was put forward early this century by Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead in their Principia Mathematica (1910 - 1913): that mathematics was essentially grounded in logic. Logic thus developed in two streams. On the one hand algebraic logic, in which the calculus of relations played a particularly prominent part, was taken up from Boole by Charles Sanders Peirce, who wished to do for the calculus of relatives what Boole had done for the calculus of sets. Peirce's work was in turn taken up by Schroder in his Algebra und Logik der Relative of 1895 (the third part of a massive work on the algebra of logic). Schroder's work, however, lay dormant for more than 40 years, until revived by Alfred Tarski in his seminal paper On the calculus of binary relations of 1941 (actually his presidential address to the Association for Symbolic Logic). |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Oracle Database Administration: The Essential Refe David Kreines, Brian Laskey, 1999-04-14 Oracle database administration requires a vast amount of information and an ability to perform a myriad of tasks--from installation to tuning to network troubleshooting to overall daily administration. Oracle provides many tools for performing these tasks; the trick is knowing what tool is right for the job, what commands you need to issue (and when), and what parameters and privileges you need to set. And, as every DBA knows, you need to know how do all this under pressure, while you face crisis after crisis. This book provides a concise reference to the enormous store of information an Oracle DBA needs every day (as well as what's needed only when disaster strikes). It's crammed full of quick-reference tables, task lists, and other summary material that both novice and expert DBAs will use time and time again. It covers the commands and operations new to Oracle8, but also provides Oracle7 information for sites still running earlier versions. Oracle Database Administration provides two types of material: DBA tasks--chapters summarizing how to perform critical DBA functions: installation, performance tuning, preventing data loss, networking, security and monitoring, auditing, query optimization, and the use of various Oracle tools and utilities DBA reference--chapters providing a quick reference to the Oracle instance and database, the initialization (INIT.ORA) parameters, the SQL statements commonly used by DBAs, the data dictionary tables, the system privileges and roles, and the SQL*Plus, Export, Import, and SQL*Loader syntax The book also includes a resource summary with references to additional books, Web sites, and other online and offline resources of special use to Oracle DBAs. Oracle Database Administration is the single essential reference you'll turn to again and again. If you must choose only one book to use at the office, keep at home, or carry to a site you're troubleshooting, this will be that book. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Relational Database Design and Implementation Jan L. Harrington, 2016-04-15 Relational Database Design and Implementation: Clearly Explained, Fourth Edition, provides the conceptual and practical information necessary to develop a database design and management scheme that ensures data accuracy and user satisfaction while optimizing performance. Database systems underlie the large majority of business information systems. Most of those in use today are based on the relational data model, a way of representing data and data relationships using only two-dimensional tables. This book covers relational database theory as well as providing a solid introduction to SQL, the international standard for the relational database data manipulation language. The book begins by reviewing basic concepts of databases and database design, then turns to creating, populating, and retrieving data using SQL. Topics such as the relational data model, normalization, data entities, and Codd's Rules (and why they are important) are covered clearly and concisely. In addition, the book looks at the impact of big data on relational databases and the option of using NoSQL databases for that purpose. - Features updated and expanded coverage of SQL and new material on big data, cloud computing, and object-relational databases - Presents design approaches that ensure data accuracy and consistency and help boost performance - Includes three case studies, each illustrating a different database design challenge - Reviews the basic concepts of databases and database design, then turns to creating, populating, and retrieving data using SQL |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Information Modeling and Relational Databases Terry Halpin, Tony Morgan, 2024-07-22 Information Modeling and Relational Databases, Third Edition, provides an introduction to ORM (Object-Role Modeling) and much more. In fact, it is the only book to go beyond introductory coverage and provide all of the in-depth instruction you need to transform knowledge from domain experts into a sound database design. This book is intended for anyone with a stake in the accuracy and efficacy of databases: systems analysts, information modelers, database designers and administrators, and programmers. Dr. Terry Halpin and Dr. Tony Morgan, pioneers in the development of ORM, blend conceptual information with practical instruction that will let you begin using ORM effectively as soon as possible. The all-new Third Edition includes coverage of advances and improvements in ORM and UML, nominalization, relational mapping, SQL, XML, data interchange, NoSQL databases, ontological modeling, and post-relational databases. Supported by examples, exercises, and useful background information, the authors' step-by-step approach teaches you to develop a natural-language-based ORM model, and then, where needed, abstract ER and UML models from it. This book will quickly make you proficient in the modeling technique that is proving vital to the development of accurate and efficient databases that best meet real business objectives. This book is an excellent introduction to both information modeling in ORM and relational databases. The book is very clearly written in a step-by-step manner and contains an abundance of well-chosen examples illuminating practice and theory in information modeling. I strongly recommend this book to anyone interested in conceptual modeling and databases. — Dr. Herman Balsters, Director of the Faculty of Industrial Engineering, University of Groningen, The Netherlands - Presents the most in-depth coverage of object-role modeling, including a thorough update of the book for the latest versions of ORM, ER, UML, OWL, and BPMN modeling. - Includes clear coverage of relational database concepts as well as the latest developments in SQL, XML, information modeling, data exchange, and schema transformation. - Case studies and a large number of class-tested exercises are provided for many topics. - Includes all-new chapters on data file formats and NoSQL databases. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: RUDIMENTS OF MODERN COMPUTER APPLICATION JOYRUP BHATTACHARYA, 2016-01-01 |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database Systems: The Complete Book Hector Garcia-Molina, 2008 |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Introduction to Database Management System Satinder Bal Gupta, |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Fundamentals of Relational Database Management Systems S. Sumathi, S. Esakkirajan, 2007-03-20 This book provides comprehensive coverage of fundamentals of database management system. It contains a detailed description on Relational Database Management System Concepts. There are a variety of solved examples and review questions with solutions. This book is for those who require a better understanding of relational data modeling, its purpose, its nature, and the standards used in creating relational data model. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: An Introduction to Relational Database Theory Hugh Darwen, 2009 |
| cartesian product relational algebra: A Guided Tour of Relational Databases and Beyond Mark Levene, George Loizou, 2012-09-18 Addressing important extensions of the relational database model, including deductive, temporal, and object-oriented databases, this book provides an overview of database modeling with the Entity-Relationship (ER) model and the relational model. The book focuses on the primary achievements in relational database theory, including query languages, integrity constraints, database design, computable queries, and concurrency control. This reference will shed light on the ideas underlying relational database systems and the problems that confront database designers and researchers. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Databases, Types and the Relational Model C. J. Date, Hugh Darwen, 2007 This is a book on database management that is based on an earlier book by the same authors,Foundation for Future Database Systems: The Third Manifesto. It can be seen as an abstract blueprint for the design of a DBMS and the language interface to such a DBMS. In particular, it serves as a basis for a model of type inheritance. This book is essential reading for database professionals. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database Systems S. K. Singh, 2009 This book is a comprehensive, practical, and student-friendly textbook addressing fundamental concepts in database design and applications. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Principles of Distributed Database Systems M. Tamer Özsu, Patrick Valduriez, 2011-02-24 This third edition of a classic textbook can be used to teach at the senior undergraduate and graduate levels. The material concentrates on fundamental theories as well as techniques and algorithms. The advent of the Internet and the World Wide Web, and, more recently, the emergence of cloud computing and streaming data applications, has forced a renewal of interest in distributed and parallel data management, while, at the same time, requiring a rethinking of some of the traditional techniques. This book covers the breadth and depth of this re-emerging field. The coverage consists of two parts. The first part discusses the fundamental principles of distributed data management and includes distribution design, data integration, distributed query processing and optimization, distributed transaction management, and replication. The second part focuses on more advanced topics and includes discussion of parallel database systems, distributed object management, peer-to-peer data management, web data management, data stream systems, and cloud computing. New in this Edition: • New chapters, covering database replication, database integration, multidatabase query processing, peer-to-peer data management, and web data management. • Coverage of emerging topics such as data streams and cloud computing • Extensive revisions and updates based on years of class testing and feedback Ancillary teaching materials are available. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Understanding Databases Suzanne W. Dietrich, 2021-08-17 Understanding Databases: Concepts and Practice is an accessible, highly visual introduction to database systems for undergraduate students across many majors. Designed for self-contained first courses in the subject, this interactive e-textbook covers fundamental database topics including conceptual design, the relational data model, relational algebra and calculus, Structured Query Language (SQL), database manipulation, transaction management, and database design theory. Visual components and self-assessment features provide a more engaging and immersive method of learning that enables students to develop a solid foundation in both database theory and practical application. Concise, easy-to-digest chapters offer ample opportunities for students to practice and master the material, and include a variety of solved real-world problems, self-check questions, and hands-on collaborative activities that task students to build a functioning database. This Enhanced eText also offers interactive multiple-choice questions with immediate feedback that allow students to self-assess as they proceed through the book. Case studies, illustrative examples, color summary figures and tables with annotations, and other pedagogical tools are integrated throughout the text to increase comprehension and retention of key concepts and help strengthen students’ problem-solving skills. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Machine Learning Bookcamp Alexey Grigorev, 2021-11-23 The only way to learn is to practice! In Machine Learning Bookcamp, you''ll create and deploy Python-based machine learning models for a variety of increasingly challenging projects. Taking you from the basics of machine learning to complex applications such as image and text analysis, each new project builds on what you''ve learned in previous chapters. By the end of the bookcamp, you''ll have built a portfolio of business-relevant machine learning projects that hiring managers will be excited to see. about the technology Machine learning is an analysis technique for predicting trends and relationships based on historical data. As ML has matured as a discipline, an established set of algorithms has emerged for tackling a wide range of analysis tasks in business and research. By practicing the most important algorithms and techniques, you can quickly gain a footing in this important area. Luckily, that''s exactly what you''ll be doing in Machine Learning Bookcamp. about the book In Machine Learning Bookcamp you''ll learn the essentials of machine learning by completing a carefully designed set of real-world projects. Beginning as a novice, you''ll start with the basic concepts of ML before tackling your first challenge: creating a car price predictor using linear regression algorithms. You''ll then advance through increasingly difficult projects, developing your skills to build a churn prediction application, a flight delay calculator, an image classifier, and more. When you''re done working through these fun and informative projects, you''ll have a comprehensive machine learning skill set you can apply to practical on-the-job problems. what''s inside Code fundamental ML algorithms from scratch Collect and clean data for training models Use popular Python tools, including NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-Learn, and TensorFlow Apply ML to complex datasets with images and text Deploy ML models to a production-ready environment about the reader For readers with existing programming skills. No previous machine learning experience required. about the author Alexey Grigorev has more than ten years of experience as a software engineer, and has spent the last six years focused on machine learning. Currently, he works as a lead data scientist at the OLX Group, where he deals with content moderation and image models. He is the author of two other books on using Java for data science and TensorFlow for deep learning. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: RUDIMENTS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE JOYRUP BHATTACHARYA, 2014-09-01 |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Applied Mathematics for Database Professionals Lex deHaan, Toon Koppelaars, 2007-10-24 This book touches on an area seldom explored: the mathematical underpinnings of the relational database. The topic is important, but far too often ignored. This is the first book to explain the underlying math in a way that’s accessible to database professionals. Just as importantly, if not more so, this book goes beyond the abstract by showing readers how to apply that math in ways that will make them more productive in their jobs. What’s in this book will open the eyes of most readers to the great power, elegance, and simplicity inherent in relational database technology. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database Systems Paolo Atzeni, 1999 Covers the important requirements of teaching databases with a modular and progressive perspective. This book can be used for a full course (or pair of courses), but its first half can be profitably used for a shorter course. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database in Depth C.J. Date, 2005-05-05 This book sheds light on the principles behind the relational model, which is fundamental to all database-backed applications--and, consequently, most of the work that goes on in the computing world today. Database in Depth: The Relational Model for Practitioners goes beyond the hype and gets to the heart of how relational databases actually work.Ideal for experienced database developers and designers, this concise guide gives you a clear view of the technology--a view that's not influenced by any vendor or product. Featuring an extensive set of exercises, it will help you: understand why and how the relational model is still directly relevant to modern database technology (and will remain so for the foreseeable future) see why and how the SQL standard is seriously deficient use the best current theoretical knowledge in the design of their databases and database applications make informed decisions in their daily database professional activities Database in Depth will appeal not only to database developers and designers, but also to a diverse field of professionals and academics, including database administrators (DBAs), information modelers, database consultants, and more. Virtually everyone who deals with relational databases should have at least a passing understanding of the fundamentals of working with relational models.Author C.J. Date has been involved with the relational model from its earliest days. An exceptionally clear-thinking writer, Date lays out principle and theory in a manner that is easily understood. Few others can speak as authoritatively the topic of relational databases as Date can. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Learning SQL on SQL Server 2005 Sikha Saha Bagui, Richard Walsh Earp, 2006-04-26 Anyone who interacts with today's modern databases needs to know SQL (Structured Query Language), the standard language for generating, manipulating, and retrieving database information. In recent years, the dramatic rise in the popularity of relational databases and multi-user databases has fueled a healthy demand for application developers and others who can write SQL code efficiently and correctly. If you're new to databases, or need a SQL refresher, Learning SQL on SQL Server 2005 is an ideal step-by-step introduction to this database query tool, with everything you need for programming SQL using Microsoft's SQL Server 2005-one of the most powerful and popular database engines used today. Plenty of books explain database theory. This guide lets you apply the theory as you learn SQL. You don't need prior database knowledge, or even prior computer knowledge. Based on a popular university-level course designed by authors Sikha Saha Bagui and Richard Walsh Earp, Learning SQL on SQL Server 2005 starts with very simple SQL concepts, and slowly builds into more complex query development. Every topic, concept, and idea comes with examples of code and output, along with exercises to help you gain proficiency in SQL and SQL Server 2005. With this book, you'll learn: Beginning SQL commands, such as how and where to type an SQL query, and how to create, populate, alter and delete tables How to customize SQL Server 2005's settings and about SQL Server 2005's functions About joins, a common database mechanism for combining tables Query development, the use of views and other derived structures, and simple set operations Subqueries, aggregate functions and correlated subqueries, as well as indexes and constraints that can be added to tables in SQL Server 2005 Whether you're an undergraduate computer science or MIS student, a self-learner who has access to the new Microsoft database, or work for your company's IT department, Learning SQL on SQL Server 2005 will get you up to speed on SQL in no time. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Advanced Database Systems Carlo Zaniolo, 1997-05 The database field has experienced a rapid and incessant growth since the development of relational databases. The progress in database systems and applications has produced a diverse landscape of specialized technology areas that have often become the exclusive domain of research specialists. Examples include active databases, temporal databases, object-oriented databases, deductive databases, imprecise reasoning and queries, and multimedia information systems. This book provides a systematic introduction to and an in-depth treatment of these advanced database areas. It supplies practitioners and researchers with authoritative coverage of recent technological advances that are shaping the future of commercial database systems and intelligent information systems. Advanced Database Systems was written by a team of six leading specialists who have made significant contributions to the development of the technology areas covered in the book. Benefiting from the authors' long experience teaching graduate and professional courses, this book is designed to provide a gradual introduction to advanced research topics and includes many examples and exercises to support its use for individual study, desk reference, and graduate classroom teaching. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: The Relational Database Dictionary C.J. Date, 2006 This book provides a single source where designers, programmers, students, and DBAs using Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, MySQL, PostgreSQL, and other relational database systems can find precise definitions. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Distributed Database Systems Chhanda Ray, Ray, 2009 Distributed Database Systems discusses the recent and emerging technologies in the field of distributed database technology. The material is up-to-date, highly readable, and illustrated with numerous practical examples. The mainstream areas of distributed database technology, such as distributed database design, distributed DBMS architectures, distributed transaction management, distributed concurrency control, deadlock handling in distributed systems, distributed recovery management, distributed query processing and optimization, data security and catalog management, have been covered in detail. The popular distributed database systems, SDD-1 and R*, have also been included. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Proofs from THE BOOK Martin Aigner, Günter M. Ziegler, 2013-06-29 According to the great mathematician Paul Erdös, God maintains perfect mathematical proofs in The Book. This book presents the authors candidates for such perfect proofs, those which contain brilliant ideas, clever connections, and wonderful observations, bringing new insight and surprising perspectives to problems from number theory, geometry, analysis, combinatorics, and graph theory. As a result, this book will be fun reading for anyone with an interest in mathematics. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Handbook of Research on Innovative Database Query Processing Techniques Yan, Li, 2015-09-25 Research and development surrounding the use of data queries is receiving increased attention from computer scientists and data specialists alike. Through the use of query technology, large volumes of data in databases can be retrieved, and information systems built based on databases can support problem solving and decision making across industries. The Handbook of Research on Innovative Database Query Processing Techniques focuses on the growing topic of database query processing methods, technologies, and applications. Aimed at providing an all-inclusive reference source of technologies and practices in advanced database query systems, this book investigates various techniques, including database and XML queries, spatiotemporal data queries, big data queries, metadata queries, and applications of database query systems. This comprehensive handbook is a necessary resource for students, IT professionals, data analysts, and academicians interested in uncovering the latest methods for using queries as a means to extract information from databases. This all-inclusive handbook includes the latest research on topics pertaining to information retrieval, data extraction, data management, design and development of database queries, and database and XM queries. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: DBMS Quiz PDF: Questions and Answers Download | Database Management System Quizzes Book Arshad Iqbal, The Book DBMS Quiz Questions and Answers PDF Download (Database Management System Quiz PDF Book): DBMS Interview Questions for Teachers/Freshers & Chapter 1-24 Practice Tests (Database Management System Textbook Questions to Ask in IT Interview) includes revision guide for problem solving with hundreds of solved questions. DBMS Interview Questions and Answers PDF covers basic concepts, analytical and practical assessment tests. DBMS Quiz Questions PDF book helps to practice test questions from exam prep notes. The e-Book DBMS job assessment tests with answers includes revision guide with verbal, quantitative, and analytical past papers, solved tests. 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| cartesian product relational algebra: Advanced Calculus (Revised Edition) Lynn Harold Loomis, Shlomo Zvi Sternberg, 2014-02-26 An authorised reissue of the long out of print classic textbook, Advanced Calculus by the late Dr Lynn Loomis and Dr Shlomo Sternberg both of Harvard University has been a revered but hard to find textbook for the advanced calculus course for decades.This book is based on an honors course in advanced calculus that the authors gave in the 1960's. The foundational material, presented in the unstarred sections of Chapters 1 through 11, was normally covered, but different applications of this basic material were stressed from year to year, and the book therefore contains more material than was covered in any one year. It can accordingly be used (with omissions) as a text for a year's course in advanced calculus, or as a text for a three-semester introduction to analysis.The prerequisites are a good grounding in the calculus of one variable from a mathematically rigorous point of view, together with some acquaintance with linear algebra. The reader should be familiar with limit and continuity type arguments and have a certain amount of mathematical sophistication. As possible introductory texts, we mention Differential and Integral Calculus by R Courant, Calculus by T Apostol, Calculus by M Spivak, and Pure Mathematics by G Hardy. The reader should also have some experience with partial derivatives.In overall plan the book divides roughly into a first half which develops the calculus (principally the differential calculus) in the setting of normed vector spaces, and a second half which deals with the calculus of differentiable manifolds. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Inductive Logic Programming Stephen Muggleton, Ramon Otero, 2007-07-27 This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming, ILP 2006, held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, in August 2006. The papers address all current topics in inductive logic programming, ranging from theoretical and methodological issues to advanced applications. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: A Course in In-Memory Data Management Hasso Plattner, 2014-05-28 Recent achievements in hardware and software development, such as multi-core CPUs and DRAM capacities of multiple terabytes per server, enabled the introduction of a revolutionary technology: in-memory data management. This technology supports the flexible and extremely fast analysis of massive amounts of enterprise data. Professor Hasso Plattner and his research group at the Hasso Plattner Institute in Potsdam, Germany, have been investigating and teaching the corresponding concepts and their adoption in the software industry for years. This book is based on an online course that was first launched in autumn 2012 with more than 13,000 enrolled students and marked the successful starting point of the openHPI e-learning platform. The course is mainly designed for students of computer science, software engineering, and IT related subjects, but addresses business experts, software developers, technology experts, and IT analysts alike. Plattner and his group focus on exploring the inner mechanics of a column-oriented dictionary-encoded in-memory database. Covered topics include - amongst others - physical data storage and access, basic database operators, compression mechanisms, and parallel join algorithms. Beyond that, implications for future enterprise applications and their development are discussed. Step by step, readers will understand the radical differences and advantages of the new technology over traditional row-oriented, disk-based databases. In this completely revised 2nd edition, we incorporate the feedback of thousands of course participants on openHPI and take into account latest advancements in hard- and software. Improved figures, explanations, and examples further ease the understanding of the concepts presented. We introduce advanced data management techniques such as transparent aggregate caches and provide new showcases that demonstrate the potential of in-memory databases for two diverse industries: retail and life sciences. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Introduction to Database Systems Itl Education Solutions Limited, 2010-09 |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Geographic Objects with Indeterminate Boundaries Peter A. Burrough, A. Frank, 2020-11-25 Current geographical information systems GIS deal almost exclusively with well-defined, static geographical objects ranging from physical landscapes to towns and transport systems. Such objects, exactly located in space, can easily be handled by modern GIS, yet form only a small proportion of all the possible geographical objects.; This book challenges the assumption that the world is compsed of exactly defined and bounded geographic objects such as land parcels, rivers and countries. ignoring the essential complexity of the world, current GIS do not adequately address problems as diverse as the resolution of crime between national boundaries, or the interpretation of views of people from different cultures. This work, bringing together a range of specialists from fields such as linguistics, computer science, land surveying, cartography and soil science, examines current research into the challenges of dealing with geographical phenomena that cannot easily be forced into one of the two current standard data models. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Temporal Data & the Relational Model C.J. Date, Hugh Darwen, Nikos A. Lorentzos, 2003 A review of relational concepts -- An overview of Tutorial D -- Time and the database -- What is the problem? -- Intervals -- Operators on intervals -- The EXPAND and COLLAPSE operators -- The PACK and UNPACK operators -- Generalizing the relational operators -- Database design -- Integrity constraints 1 : candidate keys and related constraints -- Integrity constraints 2 : general constraints -- Database queries -- Database updates -- Stated times and logged times -- Point and interval types revisited. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Bitemporal Data Tom Johnston, 2014-08-19 Bitemporal data has always been important. But it was not until 2011 that the ISO released a SQL standard that supported it. Currently, among major DBMS vendors, Oracle, IBM and Teradata now provide at least some bitemporal functionality in their flagship products. But to use these products effectively, someone in your IT organization needs to know more than how to code bitemporal SQL statements. Perhaps, in your organization, that person is you. To correctly interpret business requests for temporal data, to correctly specify requirements to your IT development staff, and to correctly design bitemporal databases and applications, someone in your enterprise needs a deep understanding of both the theory and the practice of managing bitemporal data. Someone also needs to understand what the future may bring in the way of additional temporal functionality, so their enterprise can plan for it. Perhaps, in your organization, that person is you. This is the book that will show the do-it-yourself IT professional how to design and build bitemporal databases and how to write bitemporal transactions and queries, and will show those who will direct the use of vendor-provided bitemporal DBMSs exactly what is going on under the covers of that software. - Explains the business value of bitemporal data in terms of the information that can be provided by bitemporal tables and not by any other form of temporal data, including history tables, version tables, snapshot tables, or slowly-changing dimensions - Provides an integrated account of the mathematics, logic, ontology and semantics of relational theory and relational databases, in terms of which current relational theory and practice can be seen as unnecessarily constrained to the management of nontemporal and incompletely temporal data - Explains how bitemporal tables can provide the time-variance and nonvolatility hitherto lacking in Inmon historical data warehouses - Explains how bitemporal dimensions can replace slowly-changing dimensions in Kimball star schemas, and why they should do so - Describes several extensions to the current theory and practice of bitemporal data, including the use of episodes, whenever temporal transactions and queries, and future transaction time - Points out a basic error in the ISO's bitemporal SQL standard, and warns practitioners against the use of that faulty functionality. Recommends six extensions to the ISO standard which will increase the business value of bitemporal data - Points towards a tritemporal future for bitemporal data, in which an Aristotelian ontology and a speech-act semantics support the direct management of the statements inscribed in the rows of relational tables, and add the ability to track the provenance of database content to existing bitemporal databases - This book also provides the background needed to become a business ontologist, and explains why an IT data management person, deeply familiar with corporate databases, is best suited to play that role. Perhaps, in your organization, that person is you |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Diagnostic Test Approaches to Machine Learning and Commonsense Reasoning Systems Naidenova, Xenia, 2012-07-31 The consideration of symbolic machine learning algorithms as an entire class will make it possible, in the future, to generate algorithms, with the aid of some parameters, depending on the initial users' requirements and the quality of solving targeted problems in domain applications. Diagnostic Test Approaches to Machine Learning and Commonsense Reasoning Systems surveys, analyzes, and compares the most effective algorithms for mining all kinds of logical rules. Global academics and professionals in related fields have come together to create this unique knowledge-sharing resources which will serve as a forum for future collaborations. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Big Data Integration Theory Zoran Majkić, 2014-01-23 This book presents a novel approach to database concepts, describing a categorical logic for database schema mapping based on views, within a framework for database integration/exchange and peer-to-peer. Database mappings, database programming languages, and denotational and operational semantics are discussed in depth. An analysis method is also developed that combines techniques from second order logic, data modeling, co-algebras and functorial categorial semantics. Features: provides an introduction to logics, co-algebras, databases, schema mappings and category theory; describes the core concepts of big data integration theory, with examples; examines the properties of the DB category; defines the categorial RDB machine; presents full operational semantics for database mappings; discusses matching and merging operators for databases, universal algebra considerations and algebraic lattices of the databases; explores the relationship of the database weak monoidal topos w.r.t. intuitionistic logic. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database Systems Elvis Foster, Shripad Godbole, 2014-12-24 Database Systems: A Pragmatic Approach is a classroom textbook for use by students who are learning about relational databases, and the professors who teach them. It discusses the database as an essential component of a software system, as well as a valuable, mission critical corporate resource. The book is based on lecture notes that have been tested and proven over several years, with outstanding results. It also exemplifies mastery of the technique of combining and balancing theory with practice, to give students their best chance at success. Upholding his aim for brevity, comprehensive coverage, and relevance, author Elvis C. Foster's practical and methodical discussion style gets straight to the salient issues, and avoids unnecessary fluff as well as an overkill of theoretical calculations. The book discusses concepts, principles, design, implementation, and management issues of databases. Each chapter is organized systematically into brief, reader-friendly sections, with itemization of the important points to be remembered. It adopts a methodical and pragmatic approach to solving database systems problems. Diagrams and illustrations also sum up the salient points to enhance learning. Additionally, the book includes a number of Foster's original methodologies that add clarity and creativity to the database modeling and design experience while making a novel contribution to the discipline. Everything combines to make Database Systems: A Pragmatic Approach an excellent textbook for students, and an excellent resource on theory for the practitioner. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Database System Concepts (Volume 1) N.B. Singh, Database System Concepts is a comprehensive guide to understanding how database systems work, from the basics to advanced topics. This book walks readers through essential areas, including how data is stored, organized, and managed efficiently. It explains complex subjects like distributed databases, cloud-based storage, and query processing, using clear, relatable examples. Designed for both beginners and those looking to deepen their knowledge, Database System Concepts explores how databases ensure data consistency, availability, and security. This book is an essential resource for anyone interested in learning how databases are designed, implemented, and maintained in today’s data-focused world. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: The Internet Encyclopedia, Volume 3 (P - Z) Hossein Bidgoli, 2004-04-12 The Internet Encyclopedia in a 3-volume reference work on the internet as a business tool, IT platform, and communications and commerce medium. |
| cartesian product relational algebra: Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science Gary Haggard, John Schlipf, Sue Whitesides, 2006 Master the fundamentals of discrete mathematics with DISCRETE MATHEMATICS FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE with Student Solutions Manual CD-ROM! An increasing number of computer scientists from diverse areas are using discrete mathematical structures to explain concepts and problems and this mathematics text shows you how to express precise ideas in clear mathematical language. Through a wealth of exercises and examples, you will learn how mastering discrete mathematics will help you develop important reasoning skills that will continue to be useful throughout your career. |
Cartesian 为什么翻译成笛卡尔? - 知乎
May 25, 2014 · Cartesian means of or relating to the French philosopher and discoverer René Descartes —from his Latinized name Cartesius. — …
笛卡尔坐标系 - 知乎
笛卡尔坐标系（法语：système de coordonnées cartésiennes，英语：Cartesian coordinate system，也称直角坐标系）在数学中是一种正交坐标系， …
笛卡尔其名Descartes形容词为何作Cartesian？ - 知乎
笛卡尔其名Descartes形容词为何作Cartesian？ 逻辑学与离散数学中常用Cartesian product，认识论相关哲学中也常见Cartesianism，无疑皆源 …
笛卡尔乘积 - 知乎
笛卡尔乘积是指在数学中，两个 集合 X和 Y的笛卡尓积（Cartesian product），又称 直积，表示为 X × Y，第一个对象是 X的成员而第二个对象是 Y的所有可能 有序对的其中一个 …
trajectory plan中joint-space和Cartesian space的区别是什么？
May 7, 2021 · cartesian space指 笛卡尔空间，由三个正交向量x, y, z来描述。 对于串联机器人， 关节空间 和笛卡尔空间都可以用来描述最末端点的位置和姿态。 区别是前者更 …
Cartesian 为什么翻译成笛卡尔? - 知乎
May 25, 2014 · Cartesian means of or relating to the French philosopher and discoverer René Descartes —from his Latinized name Cartesius. — Cartesian Cartesian 表示与 Descartes 相 …
笛卡尔坐标系 - 知乎
笛卡尔坐标系（法语：système de coordonnées cartésiennes，英语：Cartesian coordinate system，也称直角坐标系）在数学中是一种正交坐标系，由法国数学家勒内·笛卡尔引入而得 …
笛卡尔其名Descartes形容词为何作Cartesian？ - 知乎
笛卡尔其名Descartes形容词为何作Cartesian？ 逻辑学与离散数学中常用Cartesian product，认识论相关哲学中也常见Cartesianism，无疑皆源自Descartes。 而问题在于De… 显示全部 关注 …
笛卡尔乘积 - 知乎
笛卡尔乘积是指在数学中，两个 集合 X和 Y的笛卡尓积（Cartesian product），又称 直积，表示为 X × Y，第一个对象是 X的成员而第二个对象是 Y的所有可能 有序对的其中一个成员。 假设集 …
trajectory plan中joint-space和Cartesian space的区别是什么？
May 7, 2021 · cartesian space指 笛卡尔空间，由三个正交向量x, y, z来描述。 对于串联机器人， 关节空间 和笛卡尔空间都可以用来描述最末端点的位置和姿态。 区别是前者更直观（给出关 …
怎么通俗地理解张量？ - 知乎
Dan Fleisch是《A Student’s Guide to Vectors and Tensors》的作者，他发现很大一部分读者都有一个疑问：到底张量是TMD什么东西? (What’s a tensor? ） 于是乎就做了这个视频，用12分 …
谁能解释一下密度泛函理论（DFT）的基本假设和原理么？ - 知乎
本文将简要介绍密度泛函理论（DFT）的导出和一些交换关联（XC）势，以期能给初学者一些基本的帮助。我是一个学渣，所以行文之中很可能有些错误，还望不吝指正。 按：似乎知乎的公 …
