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| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Cracking the Coding Interview Gayle Laakmann McDowell, 2011 Now in the 5th edition, Cracking the Coding Interview gives you the interview preparation you need to get the top software developer jobs. This book provides: 150 Programming Interview Questions and Solutions: From binary trees to binary search, this list of 150 questions includes the most common and most useful questions in data structures, algorithms, and knowledge based questions. 5 Algorithm Approaches: Stop being blind-sided by tough algorithm questions, and learn these five approaches to tackle the trickiest problems. Behind the Scenes of the interview processes at Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, Yahoo, and Apple: Learn what really goes on during your interview day and how decisions get made. Ten Mistakes Candidates Make -- And How to Avoid Them: Don't lose your dream job by making these common mistakes. Learn what many candidates do wrong, and how to avoid these issues. Steps to Prepare for Behavioral and Technical Questions: Stop meandering through an endless set of questions, while missing some of the most important preparation techniques. Follow these steps to more thoroughly prepare in less time. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Guide to Competitive Programming Antti Laaksonen, 2018-01-02 This invaluable textbook presents a comprehensive introduction to modern competitive programming. The text highlights how competitive programming has proven to be an excellent way to learn algorithms, by encouraging the design of algorithms that actually work, stimulating the improvement of programming and debugging skills, and reinforcing the type of thinking required to solve problems in a competitive setting. The book contains many “folklore” algorithm design tricks that are known by experienced competitive programmers, yet which have previously only been formally discussed in online forums and blog posts. Topics and features: reviews the features of the C++ programming language, and describes how to create efficient algorithms that can quickly process large data sets; discusses sorting algorithms and binary search, and examines a selection of data structures of the C++ standard library; introduces the algorithm design technique of dynamic programming, and investigates elementary graph algorithms; covers such advanced algorithm design topics as bit-parallelism and amortized analysis, and presents a focus on efficiently processing array range queries; surveys specialized algorithms for trees, and discusses the mathematical topics that are relevant in competitive programming; examines advanced graph techniques, geometric algorithms, and string techniques; describes a selection of more advanced topics, including square root algorithms and dynamic programming optimization. This easy-to-follow guide is an ideal reference for all students wishing to learn algorithms, and practice for programming contests. Knowledge of the basics of programming is assumed, but previous background in algorithm design or programming contests is not necessary. Due to the broad range of topics covered at various levels of difficulty, this book is suitable for both beginners and more experienced readers. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Introduction To Algorithms Thomas H Cormen, Charles E Leiserson, Ronald L Rivest, Clifford Stein, 2001 An extensively revised edition of a mathematically rigorous yet accessible introduction to algorithms. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Elements of Programming Interviews Adnan Aziz, Tsung-Hsien Lee, Amit Prakash, 2012 The core of EPI is a collection of over 300 problems with detailed solutions, including 100 figures, 250 tested programs, and 150 variants. The problems are representative of questions asked at the leading software companies. The book begins with a summary of the nontechnical aspects of interviewing, such as common mistakes, strategies for a great interview, perspectives from the other side of the table, tips on negotiating the best offer, and a guide to the best ways to use EPI. The technical core of EPI is a sequence of chapters on basic and advanced data structures, searching, sorting, broad algorithmic principles, concurrency, and system design. Each chapter consists of a brief review, followed by a broad and thought-provoking series of problems. We include a summary of data structure, algorithm, and problem solving patterns. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: R for Data Science Hadley Wickham, Garrett Grolemund, 2016-12-12 Learn how to use R to turn raw data into insight, knowledge, and understanding. This book introduces you to R, RStudio, and the tidyverse, a collection of R packages designed to work together to make data science fast, fluent, and fun. Suitable for readers with no previous programming experience, R for Data Science is designed to get you doing data science as quickly as possible. Authors Hadley Wickham and Garrett Grolemund guide you through the steps of importing, wrangling, exploring, and modeling your data and communicating the results. You'll get a complete, big-picture understanding of the data science cycle, along with basic tools you need to manage the details. Each section of the book is paired with exercises to help you practice what you've learned along the way. You'll learn how to: Wrangle—transform your datasets into a form convenient for analysis Program—learn powerful R tools for solving data problems with greater clarity and ease Explore—examine your data, generate hypotheses, and quickly test them Model—provide a low-dimensional summary that captures true signals in your dataset Communicate—learn R Markdown for integrating prose, code, and results |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Flask Web Development Miguel Grinberg, 2018-03-05 Take full creative control of your web applications with Flask, the Python-based microframework. With the second edition of this hands-on book, youâ??ll learn Flask from the ground up by developing a complete, real-world application created by author Miguel Grinberg. This refreshed edition accounts for important technology changes that have occurred in the past three years. Explore the frameworkâ??s core functionality, and learn how to extend applications with advanced web techniques such as database migrations and an application programming interface. The first part of each chapter provides you with reference and background for the topic in question, while the second part guides you through a hands-on implementation. If you have Python experience, youâ??re ready to take advantage of the creative freedom Flask provides. Three sections include: A thorough introduction to Flask: explore web application development basics with Flask and an application structure appropriate for medium and large applications Building Flasky: learn how to build an open source blogging application step-by-step by reusing templates, paginating item lists, and working with rich text Going the last mile: dive into unit testing strategies, performance analysis techniques, and deployment options for your Flask application |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Programming Challenges Steven S Skiena, Miguel A. Revilla, 2006-04-18 There are many distinct pleasures associated with computer programming. Craftsmanship has its quiet rewards, the satisfaction that comes from building a useful object and making it work. Excitement arrives with the flash of insight that cracks a previously intractable problem. The spiritual quest for elegance can turn the hacker into an artist. There are pleasures in parsimony, in squeezing the last drop of performance out of clever algorithms and tight coding. The games, puzzles, and challenges of problems from international programming competitions are a great way to experience these pleasures while improving your algorithmic and coding skills. This book contains over 100 problems that have appeared in previous programming contests, along with discussions of the theory and ideas necessary to attack them. Instant online grading for all of these problems is available from two WWW robot judging sites. Combining this book with a judge gives an exciting new way to challenge and improve your programming skills. This book can be used for self-study, for teaching innovative courses in algorithms and programming, and in training for international competition. The problems in this book have been selected from over 1,000 programming problems at the Universidad de Valladolid online judge. The judge has ruled on well over one million submissions from 27,000 registered users around the world to date. We have taken only the best of the best, the most fun, exciting, and interesting problems available. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Dynamic Programming Art Lew, Holger Mauch, 2006-10-09 This book provides a practical introduction to computationally solving discrete optimization problems using dynamic programming. From the examples presented, readers should more easily be able to formulate dynamic programming solutions to their own problems of interest. We also provide and describe the design, implementation, and use of a software tool that has been used to numerically solve all of the problems presented earlier in the book. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Constraint Processing Rina Dechter, 2003-05-05 Constraint reasoning has matured over the last three decades with contributions from a diverse community of researchers in artificial intelligence, databases and programming languages, operations research, management science, and applied mathematics. In Constraint Processing, Rina Dechter synthesizes these contributions, as well as her own significant work, to provide the first comprehensive examination of the theory that underlies constraint processing algorithms. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Python Crash Course Eric Matthes, 2015-11-01 Python Crash Course is a fast-paced, thorough introduction to Python that will have you writing programs, solving problems, and making things that work in no time. In the first half of the book, you’ll learn about basic programming concepts, such as lists, dictionaries, classes, and loops, and practice writing clean and readable code with exercises for each topic. You’ll also learn how to make your programs interactive and how to test your code safely before adding it to a project. In the second half of the book, you’ll put your new knowledge into practice with three substantial projects: a Space Invaders–inspired arcade game, data visualizations with Python’s super-handy libraries, and a simple web app you can deploy online. As you work through Python Crash Course you’ll learn how to: –Use powerful Python libraries and tools, including matplotlib, NumPy, and Pygal –Make 2D games that respond to keypresses and mouse clicks, and that grow more difficult as the game progresses –Work with data to generate interactive visualizations –Create and customize Web apps and deploy them safely online –Deal with mistakes and errors so you can solve your own programming problems If you’ve been thinking seriously about digging into programming, Python Crash Course will get you up to speed and have you writing real programs fast. Why wait any longer? Start your engines and code! Uses Python 2 and 3 |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Python Projects for Beginners Connor P. Milliken, 2019-11-15 Immerse yourself in learning Python and introductory data analytics with this book’s project-based approach. Through the structure of a ten-week coding bootcamp course, you’ll learn key concepts and gain hands-on experience through weekly projects. Each chapter in this book is presented as a full week of topics, with Monday through Thursday covering specific concepts, leading up to Friday, when you are challenged to create a project using the skills learned throughout the week. Topics include Python basics and essential intermediate concepts such as list comprehension, generators and iterators, understanding algorithmic complexity, and data analysis with pandas. From beginning to end, this book builds up your abilities through exercises and challenges, culminating in your solid understanding of Python. Challenge yourself with the intensity of a coding bootcamp experience or learn at your own pace. With this hands-on learning approach, you will gain the skills you need to jumpstart a new career in programming or further your current one as a software developer. What You Will Learn Understand beginning and more advanced concepts of the Python languageBe introduced to data analysis using pandas, the Python Data Analysis libraryWalk through the process of interviewing and answering technical questionsCreate real-world applications with the Python languageLearn how to use Anaconda, Jupyter Notebooks, and the Python Shell Who This Book Is For Those trying to jumpstart a new career into programming, and those already in the software development industry and would like to learn Python programming. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Competitive Programming 2 Steven Halim, Felix Halim, 2011 |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Introduction to Algorithms, fourth edition Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, Clifford Stein, 2022-04-05 A comprehensive update of the leading algorithms text, with new material on matchings in bipartite graphs, online algorithms, machine learning, and other topics. Some books on algorithms are rigorous but incomplete; others cover masses of material but lack rigor. Introduction to Algorithms uniquely combines rigor and comprehensiveness. It covers a broad range of algorithms in depth, yet makes their design and analysis accessible to all levels of readers, with self-contained chapters and algorithms in pseudocode. Since the publication of the first edition, Introduction to Algorithms has become the leading algorithms text in universities worldwide as well as the standard reference for professionals. This fourth edition has been updated throughout. New for the fourth edition New chapters on matchings in bipartite graphs, online algorithms, and machine learning New material on topics including solving recurrence equations, hash tables, potential functions, and suffix arrays 140 new exercises and 22 new problems Reader feedback–informed improvements to old problems Clearer, more personal, and gender-neutral writing style Color added to improve visual presentation Notes, bibliography, and index updated to reflect developments in the field Website with new supplementary material Warning: Avoid counterfeit copies of Introduction to Algorithms by buying only from reputable retailers. Counterfeit and pirated copies are incomplete and contain errors. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Coding Freedom E. Gabriella Coleman, 2013 Who are computer hackers? What is free software? And what does the emergence of a community dedicated to the production of free and open source software--and to hacking as a technical, aesthetic, and moral project--reveal about the values of contemporary liberalism? Exploring the rise and political significance of the free and open source software (F/OSS) movement in the United States and Europe, Coding Freedom details the ethics behind hackers' devotion to F/OSS, the social codes that guide its production, and the political struggles through which hackers question the scope and direction of copyright and patent law. In telling the story of the F/OSS movement, the book unfolds a broader narrative involving computing, the politics of access, and intellectual property. E. Gabriella Coleman tracks the ways in which hackers collaborate and examines passionate manifestos, hacker humor, free software project governance, and festive hacker conferences. Looking at the ways that hackers sustain their productive freedom, Coleman shows that these activists, driven by a commitment to their work, reformulate key ideals including free speech, transparency, and meritocracy, and refuse restrictive intellectual protections. Coleman demonstrates how hacking, so often marginalized or misunderstood, sheds light on the continuing relevance of liberalism in online collaboration. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Introduction to Stochastic Calculus with Applications Fima C. Klebaner, 2005 This book presents a concise treatment of stochastic calculus and its applications. It gives a simple but rigorous treatment of the subject including a range of advanced topics, it is useful for practitioners who use advanced theoretical results. It covers advanced applications, such as models in mathematical finance, biology and engineering.Self-contained and unified in presentation, the book contains many solved examples and exercises. It may be used as a textbook by advanced undergraduates and graduate students in stochastic calculus and financial mathematics. It is also suitable for practitioners who wish to gain an understanding or working knowledge of the subject. For mathematicians, this book could be a first text on stochastic calculus; it is good companion to more advanced texts by a way of examples and exercises. For people from other fields, it provides a way to gain a working knowledge of stochastic calculus. It shows all readers the applications of stochastic calculus methods and takes readers to the technical level required in research and sophisticated modelling.This second edition contains a new chapter on bonds, interest rates and their options. New materials include more worked out examples in all chapters, best estimators, more results on change of time, change of measure, random measures, new results on exotic options, FX options, stochastic and implied volatility, models of the age-dependent branching process and the stochastic Lotka-Volterra model in biology, non-linear filtering in engineering and five new figures.Instructors can obtain slides of the text from the author. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: An Introduction to Analysis Robert C. Gunning, 2018-03-20 An essential undergraduate textbook on algebra, topology, and calculus An Introduction to Analysis is an essential primer on basic results in algebra, topology, and calculus for undergraduate students considering advanced degrees in mathematics. Ideal for use in a one-year course, this unique textbook also introduces students to rigorous proofs and formal mathematical writing--skills they need to excel. With a range of problems throughout, An Introduction to Analysis treats n-dimensional calculus from the beginning—differentiation, the Riemann integral, series, and differential forms and Stokes's theorem—enabling students who are serious about mathematics to progress quickly to more challenging topics. The book discusses basic material on point set topology, such as normed and metric spaces, topological spaces, compact sets, and the Baire category theorem. It covers linear algebra as well, including vector spaces, linear mappings, Jordan normal form, bilinear mappings, and normal mappings. Proven in the classroom, An Introduction to Analysis is the first textbook to bring these topics together in one easy-to-use and comprehensive volume. Provides a rigorous introduction to calculus in one and several variables Introduces students to basic topology Covers topics in linear algebra, including matrices, determinants, Jordan normal form, and bilinear and normal mappings Discusses differential forms and Stokes's theorem in n dimensions Also covers the Riemann integral, integrability, improper integrals, and series expansions |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: HTML5 Hacks Jesse Cravens, Jeff Burtoft, 2012-11-15 With 90 detailed hacks, expert web developers Jesse Cravens and Jeff Burtoft demonstrate intriguing uses of HTML5-related technologies. Each recipe provides a clear explanation, screenshots, and complete code examples for specifications that include Canvas, SVG, CSS3, multimedia, data storage, web workers, WebSockets, and geolocation. You’ll also find hacks for HTML5 markup elements and attributes that will give you a solid foundation for creative recipes that follow. The last chapter walks you through everything you need to know to get your HTML5 app off the ground, from Node.js to deploying your server to the cloud. Here are just a few of the hacks you’ll find in this book: Make iOS-style card flips with CSS transforms and transitions Replace the background of your video with the Canvas tag Use Canvas to create high-res Retina Display-ready media Make elements on your page user-customizable with editable content Cache media resources locally with the filesystem API Reverse-geocode the location of your web app user Process image data with pixel manipulation in a dedicated web worker Push notifications to the browser with Server-Sent Events |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: How to Solve it George Pólya, 2014 Polya reveals how the mathematical method of demonstrating a proof or finding an unknown can be of help in attacking any problem that can be reasoned out--from building a bridge to winning a game of anagrams.--Back cover. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Mastering Oracle PL/SQL Christopher Beck, Joel Kallman, Chaim Katz, David C. Knox, Connor McDonald, 2008-01-01 If you have mastered the fundamentals of the PL/SQL language and are now looking for an in-depth, practical guide to solving real problems with PL/SQL stored procedures, then this is the book for you. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Ludic, Co-design and Tools Supporting Smart Learning Ecosystems and Smart Education Óscar Mealha, Matthias Rehm, Traian Rebedea, 2020-09-09 This book presents papers from the 5th International Conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development, which promotes discussions on R&D work, policies, case studies, entrepreneur experiences, with a particular focus on understanding the relevance of smart learning ecosystems for regional development and social innovation, and how the effectiveness of the relation of citizens and smart ecosystems can be boosted. The book explores how technology-mediated instruments can foster citizens’ engagement with learning ecosystems and territories, providing insights into innovative human-centric design and development models/techniques, education/training practices, informal social learning, innovative citizen-driven policies, and technology-mediated experiences and their impact. As such, it will inspire the social innovation sectors and ICT, as well as economic development and deployment strategies and new policies for smarter proactive citizens. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: A Path to Combinatorics for Undergraduates Titu Andreescu, Zuming Feng, 2013-12-01 This unique approach to combinatorics is centered around unconventional, essay-type combinatorial examples, followed by a number of carefully selected, challenging problems and extensive discussions of their solutions. Topics encompass permutations and combinations, binomial coefficients and their applications, bijections, inclusions and exclusions, and generating functions. Each chapter features fully-worked problems, including many from Olympiads and other competitions, as well as a number of problems original to the authors; at the end of each chapter are further exercises to reinforce understanding, encourage creativity, and build a repertory of problem-solving techniques. The authors' previous text, 102 Combinatorial Problems, makes a fine companion volume to the present work, which is ideal for Olympiad participants and coaches, advanced high school students, undergraduates, and college instructors. The book's unusual problems and examples will interest seasoned mathematicians as well. A Path to Combinatorics for Undergraduates is a lively introduction not only to combinatorics, but to mathematical ingenuity, rigor, and the joy of solving puzzles. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Mining of Massive Datasets Jure Leskovec, Jurij Leskovec, Anand Rajaraman, Jeffrey David Ullman, 2014-11-13 Now in its second edition, this book focuses on practical algorithms for mining data from even the largest datasets. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Algorithmic Puzzles Anany Levitin, Maria Levitin, 2011-10-14 Algorithmic puzzles are puzzles involving well-defined procedures for solving problems. This book will provide an enjoyable and accessible introduction to algorithmic puzzles that will develop the reader's algorithmic thinking. The first part of this book is a tutorial on algorithm design strategies and analysis techniques. Algorithm design strategies — exhaustive search, backtracking, divide-and-conquer and a few others — are general approaches to designing step-by-step instructions for solving problems. Analysis techniques are methods for investigating such procedures to answer questions about the ultimate result of the procedure or how many steps are executed before the procedure stops. The discussion is an elementary level, with puzzle examples, and requires neither programming nor mathematics beyond a secondary school level. Thus, the tutorial provides a gentle and entertaining introduction to main ideas in high-level algorithmic problem solving. The second and main part of the book contains 150 puzzles, from centuries-old classics to newcomers often asked during job interviews at computing, engineering, and financial companies. The puzzles are divided into three groups by their difficulty levels. The first fifty puzzles in the Easier Puzzles section require only middle school mathematics. The sixty puzzle of average difficulty and forty harder puzzles require just high school mathematics plus a few topics such as binary numbers and simple recurrences, which are reviewed in the tutorial. All the puzzles are provided with hints, detailed solutions, and brief comments. The comments deal with the puzzle origins and design or analysis techniques used in the solution. The book should be of interest to puzzle lovers, students and teachers of algorithm courses, and persons expecting to be given puzzles during job interviews. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Code Charles Petzold, 2022-08-02 The classic guide to how computers work, updated with new chapters and interactive graphics For me, Code was a revelation. It was the first book about programming that spoke to me. It started with a story, and it built up, layer by layer, analogy by analogy, until I understood not just the Code, but the System. Code is a book that is as much about Systems Thinking and abstractions as it is about code and programming. Code teaches us how many unseen layers there are between the computer systems that we as users look at every day and the magical silicon rocks that we infused with lightning and taught to think. - Scott Hanselman, Partner Program Director, Microsoft, and host of Hanselminutes Computers are everywhere, most obviously in our laptops and smartphones, but also our cars, televisions, microwave ovens, alarm clocks, robot vacuum cleaners, and other smart appliances. Have you ever wondered what goes on inside these devices to make our lives easier but occasionally more infuriating? For more than 20 years, readers have delighted in Charles Petzold's illuminating story of the secret inner life of computers, and now he has revised it for this new age of computing. Cleverly illustrated and easy to understand, this is the book that cracks the mystery. You'll discover what flashlights, black cats, seesaws, and the ride of Paul Revere can teach you about computing, and how human ingenuity and our compulsion to communicate have shaped every electronic device we use. This new expanded edition explores more deeply the bit-by-bit and gate-by-gate construction of the heart of every smart device, the central processing unit that combines the simplest of basic operations to perform the most complex of feats. Petzold's companion website, CodeHiddenLanguage.com, uses animated graphics of key circuits in the book to make computers even easier to comprehend. In addition to substantially revised and updated content, new chapters include: Chapter 18: Let's Build a Clock! Chapter 21: The Arithmetic Logic Unit Chapter 22: Registers and Busses Chapter 23: CPU Control Signals Chapter 24: Jumps, Loops, and Calls Chapter 28: The World Brain From the simple ticking of clocks to the worldwide hum of the internet, Code reveals the essence of the digital revolution. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Image Processing and Capsule Networks Joy Iong-Zong Chen, João Manuel R. S. Tavares, Subarna Shakya, Abdullah M. Iliyasu, 2020-07-23 This book emphasizes the emerging building block of image processing domain, which is known as capsule networks for performing deep image recognition and processing for next-generation imaging science. Recent years have witnessed the continuous development of technologies and methodologies related to image processing, analysis and 3D modeling which have been implemented in the field of computer and image vision. The significant development of these technologies has led to an efficient solution called capsule networks [CapsNet] to solve the intricate challenges in recognizing complex image poses, visual tasks, and object deformation. Moreover, the breakneck growth of computation complexities and computing efficiency has initiated the significant developments of the effective and sophisticated capsule network algorithms and artificial intelligence [AI] tools into existence. The main contribution of this book is to explain and summarize the significant state-of-the-art research advances in the areas of capsule network [CapsNet] algorithms and architectures with real-time implications in the areas of image detection, remote sensing, biomedical image analysis, computer communications, machine vision, Internet of things, and data analytics techniques. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Optimized C++ Kurt Guntheroth, 2016-04-27 In today’s fast and competitive world, a program’s performance is just as important to customers as the features it provides. This practical guide teaches developers performance-tuning principles that enable optimization in C++. You’ll learn how to make code that already embodies best practices of C++ design run faster and consume fewer resources on any computer—whether it’s a watch, phone, workstation, supercomputer, or globe-spanning network of servers. Author Kurt Guntheroth provides several running examples that demonstrate how to apply these principles incrementally to improve existing code so it meets customer requirements for responsiveness and throughput. The advice in this book will prove itself the first time you hear a colleague exclaim, “Wow, that was fast. Who fixed something?” Locate performance hot spots using the profiler and software timers Learn to perform repeatable experiments to measure performance of code changes Optimize use of dynamically allocated variables Improve performance of hot loops and functions Speed up string handling functions Recognize efficient algorithms and optimization patterns Learn the strengths—and weaknesses—of C++ container classes View searching and sorting through an optimizer’s eye Make efficient use of C++ streaming I/O functions Use C++ thread-based concurrency features effectively |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: PHP Programming with MySQL. Don Gosselin, 2010-02-01 This book covers the basics of PHP and MySQL along with introductions to advanced topics including object-oriented programming and how to build Web sites that incorporate authentication and security. After you complete this course, you will be able to use PHP and MySQL to build professional quality, database-driven Web sites. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: JavaScript Robotics Backstop Media, Rick Waldron, Pawel Szymczykowski, Raquel Velez, Julian David Duque, Anna Gerber, Emily Rose, Susan Hinton, Jonathan Beri, Donovan Buck, Sara Gorecki, Kassandra Perch, Andrew Fisher, David Resseguie, Lyza Danger Gardner, Bryan Hughes, 2015-04-13 JavaScript Robotics is on the rise. Rick Waldron, the lead author of this book and creator of the Johnny-Five platform, is at the forefront of this movement. Johnny-Five is an open source JavaScript Arduino programming framework for robotics. This book brings together fifteen innovative programmers, each creating a unique Johnny-Five robot step-by-step, and offering tips and tricks along the way. Experience with JavaScript is a prerequisite. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: A Course in Game Theory Martin J. Osborne, Ariel Rubinstein, 1994-07-12 A Course in Game Theory presents the main ideas of game theory at a level suitable for graduate students and advanced undergraduates, emphasizing the theory's foundations and interpretations of its basic concepts. The authors provide precise definitions and full proofs of results, sacrificing generalities and limiting the scope of the material in order to do so. The text is organized in four parts: strategic games, extensive games with perfect information, extensive games with imperfect information, and coalitional games. It includes over 100 exercises. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Problem Solving with Algorithms and Data Structures Using Python Bradley N. Miller, David L. Ranum, 2011 Thes book has three key features : fundamental data structures and algorithms; algorithm analysis in terms of Big-O running time in introducied early and applied throught; pytohn is used to facilitates the success in using and mastering data strucutes and algorithms. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Grokking the System Design Interview Design Gurus, 2021-12-18 This book (also available online at www.designgurus.org) by Design Gurus has helped 60k+ readers to crack their system design interview (SDI). System design questions have become a standard part of the software engineering interview process. These interviews determine your ability to work with complex systems and the position and salary you will be offered by the interviewing company. Unfortunately, SDI is difficult for most engineers, partly because they lack experience developing large-scale systems and partly because SDIs are unstructured in nature. Even engineers who've some experience building such systems aren't comfortable with these interviews, mainly due to the open-ended nature of design problems that don't have a standard answer. This book is a comprehensive guide to master SDIs. It was created by hiring managers who have worked for Google, Facebook, Microsoft, and Amazon. The book contains a carefully chosen set of questions that have been repeatedly asked at top companies. What's inside? This book is divided into two parts. The first part includes a step-by-step guide on how to answer a system design question in an interview, followed by famous system design case studies. The second part of the book includes a glossary of system design concepts. Table of Contents First Part: System Design Interviews: A step-by-step guide. Designing a URL Shortening service like TinyURL. Designing Pastebin. Designing Instagram. Designing Dropbox. Designing Facebook Messenger. Designing Twitter. Designing YouTube or Netflix. Designing Typeahead Suggestion. Designing an API Rate Limiter. Designing Twitter Search. Designing a Web Crawler. Designing Facebook's Newsfeed. Designing Yelp or Nearby Friends. Designing Uber backend. Designing Ticketmaster. Second Part: Key Characteristics of Distributed Systems. Load Balancing. Caching. Data Partitioning. Indexes. Proxies. Redundancy and Replication. SQL vs. NoSQL. CAP Theorem. PACELC Theorem. Consistent Hashing. Long-Polling vs. WebSockets vs. Server-Sent Events. Bloom Filters. Quorum. Leader and Follower. Heartbeat. Checksum. About the Authors Designed Gurus is a platform that offers online courses to help software engineers prepare for coding and system design interviews. Learn more about our courses at www.designgurus.org. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Data Science Solutions Manav Sehgal, 2017-02-07 The field of data science, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence is exciting and complex at the same time. Data science is also rapidly growing with new tools, technologies, algorithms, datasets, and use cases. For a beginner in this field, the learning curve can be fairly daunting. This is where this book helps. The data science solutions book provides a repeatable, robust, and reliable framework to apply the right-fit workflows, strategies, tools, APIs, and domain for your data science projects. This book takes a solutions focused approach to data science. Each chapter meets an end-to-end objective of solving for data science workflow or technology requirements. At the end of each chapter you either complete a data science tools pipeline or write a fully functional coding project meeting your data science workflow requirements. SEVEN STAGES OF DATA SCIENCE SOLUTIONS WORKFLOW Every chapter in this book will go through one or more of these seven stages of data science solutions workflow. STAGE 1: Question. Problem. Solution. Before starting a data science project we must ask relevant questions specific to our project domain and datasets. We may answer or solve these during the course of our project. Think of these questions-solutions as the key requirements for our data science project. Here are some templates that can be used to frame questions for our data science projects. Can we classify an entity based on given features if our data science model is trained on certain number of samples with similar features related to specific classes?Do the samples, in a given dataset, cluster in specific classes based on similar or correlated features?Can our machine learning model recognise and classify new inputs based on prior training on a sample of similar inputs?STAGE 2: Acquire. Search. Create. Catalog.This stage involves data acquisition strategies including searching for datasets on popular data sources or internally within your organisation. We may also create a dataset based on external or internal data sources. The acquire stage may feedback to the question stage, refining our problem and solution definition based on the constraints and characteristics of the acquired datasets. STAGE 3: Wrangle. Prepare. Cleanse.The data wrangle phase prepares and cleanses our datasets for our project goals. This workflow stage starts by importing a dataset, exploring the dataset for its features and available samples, preparing the dataset using appropriate data types and data structures, and optionally cleansing the data set for creating model training and solution testing samples. The wrangle stage may circle back to the acquire stage to identify complementary datasets to combine and complete the existing dataset. STAGE 4: Analyse. Patterns. Explore.The analyse phase explores the given datasets to determine patterns, correlations, classification, and nature of the dataset. This helps determine choice of model algorithms and strategies that may work best on the dataset. The analyse stage may also visualize the dataset to determine such patterns. STAGE 5: Model. Predict. Solve.The model stage uses prediction and solution algorithms to train on a given dataset and apply this training to solve for a given problem. STAGE 6: Visualize. Report. Present.The visualization stage can help data wrangling, analysis, and modeling stages. Data can be visualized using charts and plots suiting the characteristics of the dataset and the desired results.Visualization stage may also provide the inputs for the supply stage.STAGE 7: Supply. Products. Services.Once we are ready to monetize our data science solution or derive further return on investment from our projects, we need to think about distribution and data supply chain. This stage circles back to the acquisition stage. In fact we are acquiring data from someone else's data supply chain. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Computational Intelligence Andries P. Engelbrecht, 2007-10-22 Computational Intelligence: An Introduction, Second Edition offers an in-depth exploration into the adaptive mechanisms that enable intelligent behaviour in complex and changing environments. The main focus of this text is centred on the computational modelling of biological and natural intelligent systems, encompassing swarm intelligence, fuzzy systems, artificial neutral networks, artificial immune systems and evolutionary computation. Engelbrecht provides readers with a wide knowledge of Computational Intelligence (CI) paradigms and algorithms; inviting readers to implement and problem solve real-world, complex problems within the CI development framework. This implementation framework will enable readers to tackle new problems without any difficulty through a single Java class as part of the CI library. Key features of this second edition include: A tutorial, hands-on based presentation of the material. State-of-the-art coverage of the most recent developments in computational intelligence with more elaborate discussions on intelligence and artificial intelligence (AI). New discussion of Darwinian evolution versus Lamarckian evolution, also including swarm robotics, hybrid systems and artificial immune systems. A section on how to perform empirical studies; topics including statistical analysis of stochastic algorithms, and an open source library of CI algorithms. Tables, illustrations, graphs, examples, assignments, Java code implementing the algorithms, and a complete CI implementation and experimental framework. Computational Intelligence: An Introduction, Second Edition is essential reading for third and fourth year undergraduate and postgraduate students studying CI. The first edition has been prescribed by a number of overseas universities and is thus a valuable teaching tool. In addition, it will also be a useful resource for researchers in Computational Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence, as well as engineers, statisticians, operational researchers, and bioinformaticians with an interest in applying AI or CI to solve problems in their domains. Check out http://www.ci.cs.up.ac.za for examples, assignments and Java code implementing the algorithms. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Dynamic Programming for Coding Interviews Meenakshi, Kamal Rawat, 2017-01-18 I wanted to compute 80th term of the Fibonacci series. I wrote the rampant recursive function, int fib(int n){ return (1==n || 2==n) ? 1 : fib(n-1) + fib(n-2); } and waited for the result. I wait… and wait… and wait… With an 8GB RAM and an Intel i5 CPU, why is it taking so long? I terminated the process and tried computing the 40th term. It took about a second. I put a check and was shocked to find that the above recursive function was called 204,668,309 times while computing the 40th term. More than 200 million times? Is it reporting function calls or scam of some government? The Dynamic Programming solution computes 100th Fibonacci term in less than fraction of a second, with a single function call, taking linear time and constant extra memory. A recursive solution, usually, neither pass all test cases in a coding competition, nor does it impress the interviewer in an interview of company like Google, Microsoft, etc. The most difficult questions asked in competitions and interviews, are from dynamic programming. This book takes Dynamic Programming head-on. It first explain the concepts with simple examples and then deep dives into complex DP problems. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Natural Language Processing with Python Steven Bird, Ewan Klein, Edward Loper, 2009-06-12 This book offers a highly accessible introduction to natural language processing, the field that supports a variety of language technologies, from predictive text and email filtering to automatic summarization and translation. With it, you'll learn how to write Python programs that work with large collections of unstructured text. You'll access richly annotated datasets using a comprehensive range of linguistic data structures, and you'll understand the main algorithms for analyzing the content and structure of written communication. Packed with examples and exercises, Natural Language Processing with Python will help you: Extract information from unstructured text, either to guess the topic or identify named entities Analyze linguistic structure in text, including parsing and semantic analysis Access popular linguistic databases, including WordNet and treebanks Integrate techniques drawn from fields as diverse as linguistics and artificial intelligence This book will help you gain practical skills in natural language processing using the Python programming language and the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) open source library. If you're interested in developing web applications, analyzing multilingual news sources, or documenting endangered languages -- or if you're simply curious to have a programmer's perspective on how human language works -- you'll find Natural Language Processing with Python both fascinating and immensely useful. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: The Google Resume Gayle Laakmann McDowell, 2011-01-25 The Google Resume is the only book available on how to win a coveted spot at Google, Microsoft, Apple, or other top tech firms. Gayle Laakmann McDowell worked in Google Engineering for three years, where she served on the hiring committee and interviewed over 120 candidates. She interned for Microsoft and Apple, and interviewed with and received offers from ten tech firms. If you’re a student, you’ll learn what to study and how to prepare while in school, as well as what career paths to consider. If you’re a job seeker, you’ll get an edge on your competition by learning about hiring procedures and making yourself stand out from other candidates. Covers key concerns like what to major in, which extra-curriculars and other experiences look good, how to apply, how to design and tailor your resume, how to prepare for and excel in the interview, and much more Author was on Google’s hiring committee; interned at Microsoft and Apple; has received job offers from more than 10 tech firms; and runs CareerCup.com, a site devoted to tech jobs Get the only comprehensive guide to working at some of America’s most dynamic, innovative, and well-paying tech companies with The Google Resume. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Programming Interviews Exposed John Mongan, Noah Suojanen Kindler, Eric Giguère, 2011-08-10 The pressure is on during the interview process but with the right preparation, you can walk away with your dream job. This classic book uncovers what interviews are really like at America's top software and computer companies and provides you with the tools to succeed in any situation. The authors take you step-by-step through new problems and complex brainteasers they were asked during recent technical interviews. 50 interview scenarios are presented along with in-depth analysis of the possible solutions. The problem-solving process is clearly illustrated so you'll be able to easily apply what you've learned during crunch time. You'll also find expert tips on what questions to ask, how to approach a problem, and how to recover if you become stuck. All of this will help you ace the interview and get the job you want. What you will learn from this book Tips for effectively completing the job application Ways to prepare for the entire programming interview process How to find the kind of programming job that fits you best Strategies for choosing a solution and what your approach says about you How to improve your interviewing skills so that you can respond to any question or situation Techniques for solving knowledge-based problems, logic puzzles, and programming problems Who this book is for This book is for programmers and developers applying for jobs in the software industry or in IT departments of major corporations. Wrox Beginning guides are crafted to make learning programming languages and technologies easier than you think, providing a structured, tutorial format that will guide you through all the techniques involved. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Coding Interviews Harry He, 2013-01-31 This book is about coding interview questions from software and Internet companies. It covers five key factors which determine performance of candidates: (1) the basics of programming languages, data structures and algorithms, (2) approaches to writing code with high quality, (3) tips to solve difficult problems, (4) methods to optimize code, (5) soft skills required in interviews. The basics of languages, algorithms and data structures are discussed as well as questions that explore how to write robust solutions after breaking down problems into manageable pieces. It also includes examples to focus on modeling and creative problem solving. Interview questions from the most popular companies in the IT industry are taken as examples to illustrate the five factors above. Besides solutions, it contains detailed analysis, how interviewers evaluate solutions, as well as why they like or dislike them. The author makes clever use of the fact that interviewees will have limited time to program meaningful solutions which in turn, limits the options an interviewer has. So the author covers those bases. Readers will improve their interview performance after reading this book. It will be beneficial for them even after they get offers, because its topics, such as approaches to analyzing difficult problems, writing robust code and optimizing, are all essential for high-performing coders. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Quant Job Interview Questions and Answers Mark Joshi, Nick Denson, Nicholas Denson, Andrew Downes, 2013 The quant job market has never been tougher. Extensive preparation is essential. Expanding on the successful first edition, this second edition has been updated to reflect the latest questions asked. It now provides over 300 interview questions taken from actual interviews in the City and Wall Street. Each question comes with a full detailed solution, discussion of what the interviewer is seeking and possible follow-up questions. Topics covered include option pricing, probability, mathematics, numerical algorithms and C++, as well as a discussion of the interview process and the non-technical interview. All three authors have worked as quants and they have done many interviews from both sides of the desk. Mark Joshi has written many papers and books including the very successful introductory textbook, The Concepts and Practice of Mathematical Finance. |
| counting pairs hackerrank solution: Measuring the Digital Transformation A Roadmap for the Future OECD, 2019-03-11 Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future provides new insights into the state of the digital transformation by mapping indicators across a range of areas – from education and innovation, to trade and economic and social outcomes – against current digital policy issues, as presented in Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives. |
Big Numbers Song | Count to 100 Song | The Singing Walrus
Subscribe to our website for $3.99 USD monthly / $39.99 USD yearly! Watch all of our videos ad free, plus weekly printables and more: https://www.thesingingw...
Simple Counter
A simple tool for counting things and keeping track of numbers.
Counting Numbers from 1 to 20 - BYJU'S
All the natural numbers are called counting numbers. These numbers are always positive integers like 1,2,3,4,5,6,…… The counting numbers, which can be counted, are infinite and are a …
Counting - Math is Fun
See Number Names to 100 Table. See Counting to 1,000 and Beyond. For beginners, try Counting Bugs, Finding Bugs and the Kindergarten Worksheets.
Counting - Wikipedia
Counting is the process of determining the number of elements of a finite set of objects; that is, determining the size of a set.
Counting - Practice with Math Games
Counting is one of the most important early math skills for kids to develop. Without being able to count numbers or objects, they cannot progress to more advanced math. Our suite of free …
Counting Numbers - Definition, Counting Chart, Examples | Counting …
Counting is the process of expressing the number of elements or objects that are given. Counting numbers include natural numbers which can be counted and which are always positive. …
What are Counting Numbers? Definition, Chart, Examples, Facts
What is Counting? In math, ‘to count’ or counting can be defined as the act of determining the quantity or the total number of objects in a set or a group. In other words, to count means to …
Learning to Count with these fun Counting Games - Topmarks
Learning to count is fun with this range of counting games. Start with the simple counting games and progress to counting a maximum of 15 objects. The games include matching and …
Counting - Math.net
Counting is a process used to determine how many of something there is, like how many apples John has, or how many minutes it takes to make a cup of coffee. Learning to count, like …
Big Numbers Song | Count to 100 Song | The Singing Walrus
Subscribe to our website for $3.99 USD monthly / $39.99 USD yearly! Watch all of our videos ad free, plus weekly printables and more: https://www.thesingingw...
Simple Counter
A simple tool for counting things and keeping track of numbers.
Counting Numbers from 1 to 20 - BYJU'S
All the natural numbers are called counting numbers. These numbers are always positive integers like 1,2,3,4,5,6,…… The counting numbers, which can be counted, are infinite and are a …
Counting - Math is Fun
See Number Names to 100 Table. See Counting to 1,000 and Beyond. For beginners, try Counting Bugs, Finding Bugs and the Kindergarten Worksheets.
Counting - Wikipedia
Counting is the process of determining the number of elements of a finite set of objects; that is, determining the size of a set.
Counting - Practice with Math Games
Counting is one of the most important early math skills for kids to develop. Without being able to count numbers or objects, they cannot progress to more advanced math. Our suite of free …
Counting Numbers - Definition, Counting Chart, Examples | Counting …
Counting is the process of expressing the number of elements or objects that are given. Counting numbers include natural numbers which can be counted and which are always positive. …
What are Counting Numbers? Definition, Chart, Examples, Facts
What is Counting? In math, ‘to count’ or counting can be defined as the act of determining the quantity or the total number of objects in a set or a group. In other words, to count means to …
Learning to Count with these fun Counting Games - Topmarks
Learning to count is fun with this range of counting games. Start with the simple counting games and progress to counting a maximum of 15 objects. The games include matching and …
Counting - Math.net
Counting is a process used to determine how many of something there is, like how many apples John has, or how many minutes it takes to make a cup of coffee. Learning to count, like …
