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| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici Leonie Frieda, 2006-03-14 Poisoner, despot, necromancer -- the dark legend of Catherine de Medici is centuries old. In this critically hailed biography, Leonie Frieda reclaims the story of this unjustly maligned queen to reveal a skilled ruler battling extraordinary political and personal odds -- from a troubled childhood in Florence to her marriage to Henry, son of King Francis I of France; from her transformation of French culture to her fight to protect her throne and her sons' birthright. Based on thousands of private letters, it is a remarkable account of one of the most influential women ever to wear a crown. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de'Medici R J Knecht, 2014-07-16 Catherine de' Medici (1519-89) was the wife of one king of France and the mother of three more - the last, sorry representatives of the Valois, who had ruled France since 1328. She herself is of preeminent importance to French history, and one of the most controversial of all historical figures. Despised until she was powerful enough to be hated, she was, in her own lifetime and since, the subject of a Black Legend that has made her a favourite subject of historical novelists (most notably Alexandre Dumas, whose Reine Margot has recently had new currency on film). Yet there is no recent biography of her in English. This new study, by a leading scholar of Renaissance France, is a major event. Catherine, a neglected and insignificant member of the Florentine Medici, entered French history in 1533 when she married the son of Francis I for short-lived political reasons: her uncle was pope Clement VII, who died the following year. Now of no diplomatic value, Catherine was treated with contempt at the French court even after her husband's accession as Henry II in 1547. Even so, she gave him ten children before he was killed in a tournament in 1559. She was left with three young boys, who succeeded to the throne as Francis II (1559-60), Charles IX (1560-74) and Henry III (1574-89). As regent and queen-mother, a woman and with no natural power-base of her own, she faced impossible odds. France was accelerating into chaos, with political faction at court and religious conflict throughout the land. As the country disintegrated, Catherine's overriding concern was for the interests of her children. She was tireless in her efforts to protect her sons' inheritance, and to settle her daughters in advantageous marriages. But France needed more. Catherine herself was both peace-loving and, in an age of frenzied religious hatred, unbigoted. She tried to use the Huguenots to counterbalance the growing power of the ultra-Catholic Guises but extremism on all sides frustrated her. She was drawn into the violence. Her name is ineradicably associated with its culmination, the Massacre of St Bartholomew (24 August 1572), when thousands of Huguenots were slaughtered in Paris and elsewhere. To this day no-one knows for certain whether Catherine instigated the massacre or not, but here Robert Knecht explores the probabilities in a notably level-headed fashion. His book is a gripping narrative in its own right. It offers both a lucid exposition of immensely complex events (with their profound imact on the future of France), and also a convincing portrait of its enigmatic central character. In going behind the familiar Black Legend, Professor Knecht does not make the mistake of whitewashing Catherine; but he shows how intractable was her world, and how shifty or intransigent the people with whom she had to deal. For all her flaws, she emerges as a more sympathetic - and, in her pragmatism, more modern - figure than most of her leading contemporaries. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de' Medici Mary Hollingsworth, 2024-06-06 A new biography of Catherine de' Medici, the most powerful woman in sixteenth-century Europe, whose author uses neglected primary sources to recreate the life and times of a remarkable – and remarkably traduced – woman. History is rarely kind to women of power, but few have had their reputations quite so brutally shredded as Catherine de' Medici, Italian-born queen of France and influential mother of three successive French kings during that country's long sequence of sectarian wars in the second half of the sixteenth century. Thanks to the malign efforts of propagandists motivated by religious hatred, history tends to remember Catherine as a schemer who used witchcraft and poison to eradicate her rivals, as a spendthrift dilettante who wasted ruinous sums of money on building and embellishment of monuments and palaces, and most sinister of all, as instigator of the St Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572, in which thousands of innocent Protestants were slaughtered by Catholic mobs. Mary Hollingsworth delves into contemporary archives to discover deeper truths behind these persistent myths. The correspondence of diplomats and Catherine's own letters reveal a woman who worked tirelessly to find a way for Catholics and Protestants to coexist in peace (a goal for which she continued to strive until the end of her life), who was well-informed on both literary and scientific matters, and whose patronage of the arts helped bring into being glorious châteaux and gardens, priceless work of art, and magnificent festivities combining theatre, music and ballet, which display the grandeur of the French court. |
| catherine de medici history: The Identities of Catherine de' Medici Susan Broomhall, 2021-07-05 An innovative analysis of the representational strategies that constructed Catherine de’ Medici and sought to explain her behaviour and motivations. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici Leonie Frieda, 2011-12-08 Orphaned in infancy, Catherine de Medici was the sole legitimate heiress to the Medici family fortune. Married at fourteen to the future Henri II of France, she was constantly humiliated by his influential mistress Diane de Poitiers. When her husband died as a result of a duelling accident in Paris, Catherine was made queen regent during the short reign of her eldest son (married to Mary Queen of Scots and like many of her children he died young). When her second son became king she was the power behind the throne. She nursed dynastic ambitions, but was continually drawn into political and religious intrigues between catholics and protestants that plagued France for much of the later part of her life. It had always been said that she was implicated in the notorious Saint Barthlomew's Day Massacre, together with the king and her third son who succeeded to the throne in 1574, but was murdered. Her political influence waned, but she survived long enough to ensure the succession of her son-in-law who had married her daughter Margaret. |
| catherine de medici history: The Confessions of Catherine de Medici C. W. Gortner, 2010 Leaving her native Florence to marry Henry II of France, Catherine de Medici embarks on an unanticipated destiny of religious warfare, thwarted leadership and psychologically charged royal machinations. By the author of The Last Queen. |
| catherine de medici history: The Rival Queens Nancy Goldstone, 2015-06-23 The riveting true story of mother-and-daughter queens Catherine de' Medici and Marguerite de Valois, whose wildly divergent personalities and turbulent relationship changed the shape of their tempestuous and dangerous century. Set in magnificent Renaissance France, this is the story of two remarkable women, a mother and daughter driven into opposition by a terrible betrayal that threatened to destroy the realm. Catherine de' Medici was a ruthless pragmatist and powerbroker who dominated the throne for thirty years. Her youngest daughter Marguerite, the glamorous Queen Margot, was a passionate free spirit, the only adversary whom her mother could neither intimidate nor control. When Catherine forces the Catholic Marguerite to marry her Protestant cousin Henry of Navarre against her will, and then uses her opulent Parisian wedding as a means of luring his followers to their deaths, she creates not only savage conflict within France but also a potent rival within her own family. Rich in detail and vivid prose, Goldstone's narrative unfolds as a thrilling historical epic. Treacherous court politics, poisonings, international espionage, and adultery form the background to a story that includes such celebrated figures as Elizabeth I, Mary, Queen of Scots, and Nostradamus. The Rival Queens is a dangerous tale of love, betrayal, ambition, and the true nature of courage, the echoes of which still resonate. |
| catherine de medici history: Biography of a Family: Catherine de Medici and Her Children Milton Waldman, 2008-06-01 This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work. |
| catherine de medici history: Elizabeth I of England through Valois Eyes Estelle Paranque, 2018-10-27 This book examines the first thirty years of Elizabeth I’s reign from the perspective of the Valois kings, Charles IX and Henri III of France. Estelle Paranque sifts through hundreds of French letters and ambassadorial reports to construct a fuller picture of early modern Anglo-French relations, highlighting key events such as the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, the imprisonment and execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, and the victory of England over the Spanish Armada in 1588. By drawing on a wealth of French sources, she illuminates the French royal family’s shifting perceptions of Elizabeth I and suggests new conclusions about her reign. |
| catherine de medici history: The Serpent Queen Leonie Frieda, 2023-01-05 NOW THE TV SERIES 'THE SERPENT QUEEN', STARRING SAMANTHA MORTON The bestselling revisionist biography of one of the great women of the 16th century Orphaned in infancy, Catherine de Medici was the sole legitimate heiress to the Medici family fortune. Married at fourteen to the future Henri II of France, she was constantly humiliated by his influential mistress Diane de Poitiers. When her husband died as a result of a duelling accident in Paris, Catherine was made queen regent during the short reign of her eldest son (married to Mary Queen of Scots and like many of her children he died young). When her second son became king she was the power behind the throne. She nursed dynastic ambitions, but was continually drawn into political and religious intrigues between Catholics and Protestants that plagued France for much of the later part of her life. It had always been said that she was implicated in the notorious Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, together with the king and her third son who succeeded to the throne in 1574, but was murdered. Her political influence waned, but she survived long enough to ensure the succession of her son-in-law who had married her daughter Margaret. |
| catherine de medici history: Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France Kathleen Wellman, 2013-05-21 Tells the history of the French Renaissance through the lives of its most prominent queens and mistresses. |
| catherine de medici history: Duchessina Carolyn Meyer, 2009-04-27 While her tyrannical family is out of favor in Italy, young Catherine de Medici is raised in convents, then in 1533, when she is fourteen, her uncle, Pope Clement VII, arranges for her marriage to prince Henri of France, who is destined to become king. |
| catherine de medici history: A Companion to Cosimo I de’ Medici Alessio Assonitis, Henk Th. van Veen, 2021-11-01 Mining the rich documentary sources housed in Tuscan archives and taking advantage of the breadth and depth of scholarship produced in recent years, the seventeen essays in this Companion to Cosimo I de' Medici provide a fresh and systematic overview of the life and career of the first Grand Duke of Tuscany, with special emphasis on Cosimo I's education and intellectual interests, cultural policies, political vision, institutional reforms, diplomatic relations, religious beliefs, military entrepreneurship, and dynastic concerns. Contributors: Maurizio Arfaioli, Alessio Assonitis, Nicholas Scott Baker, Sheila Barker, Stefano Calonaci, Brendan Dooley, Daniele Edigati, Sheila ffolliott, Catherine Fletcher, Andrea Gáldy, Fernando Loffredo, Piergabriele Mancuso, Jessica Maratsos, Carmen Menchini, Oscar Schiavone, Marcello Simonetta, and Henk Th. van Veen. |
| catherine de medici history: Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici Una McIlvenna, 2016-05-12 Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici explores Catherine de Medici's 'flying squadron', the legendary ladies-in-waiting of the sixteenth-century French queen mother who were alleged to have been ordered to seduce politically influential men for their mistress's own Machiavellian purposes. Branded a 'cabal of cuckoldry' by a contemporary critic, these women were involved in scandals that have encouraged a perception, which continues in much academic literature, of the late Valois court as debauched and corrupt. Rather than trying to establish the guilt or innocence of the accused, Una McIlvenna here focuses on representations of the scandals in popular culture and print, and on the collective portrayal of the women in the libelous and often pornographic literature that circulated information about the court. She traces the origins of this material to the all-male intellectual elite of the parlementaires: lawyers and magistrates who expressed their disapproval of Catherine's political and religious decisions through misogynist pamphlets and verse that targeted the women of her entourage. Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici reveals accusations of poisoning and incest to be literary tropes within a tradition of female defamation dating to classical times that encouraged a collective and universalizing notion of women as sexually voracious, duplicitous and, ultimately, dangerous. In its focus on manuscript and early print culture, and on the transition from a world of orality to one dominated by literacy and textuality, this study has relevance for scholars of literary history, particularly those interested in pamphlet and libel culture. |
| catherine de medici history: The Devil's Queen Jeanne Kalogridis, 2009-07-21 From Jeanne Kalogridis, the bestselling author of I, Mona Lisa and The Borgia Bride, comes a new novel that tells the passionate story of a queen who loved not wisely . . . but all too well. Confidante of Nostradamus, scheming mother-in-law to Mary, Queen of Scots, and architect of the bloody St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Catherine de Medici is one of the most maligned monarchs in history. In her latest historical fiction, Jeanne Kalogridis tells Catherine's story—that of a tender young girl, destined to be a pawn in Machiavellian games. Born into one of Florence's most powerful families, Catherine was soon left a fabulously rich heiress by the early deaths of her parents. Violent conflict rent the city state and she found herself imprisoned and threatened by her family's enemies before finally being released and married off to the handsome Prince Henry of France. Overshadowed by her husband's mistress, the gorgeous, conniving Diane de Poitiers, and unable to bear children, Catherine resorted to the dark arts of sorcery to win Henry's love and enhance her fertility—for which she would pay a price. Against the lavish and decadent backdrop of the French court, and Catherine's blood-soaked visions of the future, Kalogridis reveals the great love and desire Catherine bore for her husband, Henry, and her stark determination to keep her sons on the throne. |
| catherine de medici history: The Black Prince of Florence Catherine Fletcher, 2016 Family tree -- Glossary of names -- Timeline -- Map -- A note on money -- Prologue -- Book one: The bastard son -- Book two: The obedient nephew -- Book three: The prince alone -- Afterword: Alessandro's ethnicity. |
| catherine de medici history: Biography of a Family Milton Waldman, 1936 |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici Jean Heritier, 2019-07-02 Originally published in 1968 this book is an unforgettable portrait of an impoverished orphaned daughter of the Medici, pitchforked at the age of fourteen into her royal destiny and having to bear the rivalry of Diane de Poiters and the description ‘the Florentine shopkeeper’ who nevertheless became one of the most powerful characters in the shaping of sixteenth century Europe. |
| catherine de medici history: Madame Serpent Jean Plaidy, 2012-07-03 A fictional account of Catherine de' Medici, the fourteen-year-old reluctant Italian bride to the second son of the King of France, Henry, during the sixteenth-century. |
| catherine de medici history: Madame Catherine Irene Mahoney, 1976 |
| catherine de medici history: Dairy Queens Meredith Martin, 2011-02-15 In a lively narrative that spans more than two centuries, Meredith Martin tells the story of a royal and aristocratic building type that has been largely forgotten today: the pleasure dairy of early modern France. These garden structures—most famously the faux-rustic, white marble dairy built for Marie-Antoinette’s Hameau at Versailles—have long been dismissed as the trifling follies of a reckless elite. Martin challenges such assumptions and reveals the pivotal role that pleasure dairies played in cultural and political life, especially with respect to polarizing debates about nobility, femininity, and domesticity. Together with other forms of pastoral architecture such as model farms and hermitages, pleasure dairies were crucial arenas for elite women to exercise and experiment with identity and power. Opening with Catherine de’ Medici’s lavish dairy at Fontainebleau (c. 1560), Martin’s book explores how French queens and noblewomen used pleasure dairies to naturalize their status, display their cultivated tastes, and proclaim their virtue as nurturing mothers and capable estate managers. Pleasure dairies also provided women with a site to promote good health, by spending time in salubrious gardens and consuming fresh milk. Illustrated with a dazzling array of images and photographs, Dairy Queens sheds new light on architecture, self, and society in the ancien régime. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici , 2005 Describes the life and accomplishments of the queen who worked to achieve peace between French Protestants and Catholics during the reigns of her husband, King Henry II of France, and her sons. |
| catherine de medici history: Médicis Daughter Sophie Perinot, 2015-12-01 It's the winter of 1564 and the beautiful young Princess Margot is summoned to her mother's household, where her true education begins in earnest. Known across Europe as Madame la Serpente, Queen Catherine is an intimidating and unmoving presence in France, even as her country recovers from the first of many devastating religious wars. Among the crafty nobility of Queen Catherine's royal court, Margot learns the intriguing and unspoken rules she must live by to please her manipulative family. Eager to be an obedient daughter, Margot embraces her role as a pawn to be married off to the most convenient bidder. Despite her loyalty, Margot finds herself charmed by the powerful and charismatic Duc de Guise and falls for him even as she is promised to another. Finally setting aside her happiness for duty, Margot leaves the man she loves for Henri of Navarre, a Huguenot leader and a notorious heretic. Yet Queen Catherine's schemes are endless, and Margot's brother plots vengeance in the streets of Paris. Forced to choose between her family and what's right, Margot at last finds the strength within herself to forge her own destiny. Médicis Daughter is historical fiction at its finest, weaving a unique coming-of-age story and a forbidden love with one of the most dramatic and violent events in French history. |
| catherine de medici history: Blood, Fire & Gold Estelle Paranque, 2022-12-06 **SMITHSONIAN MAGAZINE, 10 BEST HISTORY BOOKS OF 2022** **HISTORY TODAY, BOOKS OF THE YEAR (2022)** A brilliant and beautifully written deep dive into the complicated relationship between Elizabeth I and Catherine de Medici, two of the most powerful women in Renaissance Europe who shaped each other as profoundly as they shaped the course of history. Sixteenth-century Europe was a hostile world dominated by court politics and patriarchal structures, and yet against all odds, two women rose to power: Elizabeth I and Catherine de Medici. One a young Virgin Queen who ruled her kingdom alone, and the other a more experienced and clandestine leader who used her children to shape the dynasties of Europe, much has been written about these shrewd and strategic sovereigns. But though their individual legacies have been heavily scrutinized, nothing has been said of their complicated relationship—thirty years of camaraderie, competition, and conflict that forever changed the face of Europe. In Blood, Fire, and Gold, historian Estelle Paranque offers a new way of looking at two of history's most powerful women: through the eyes of the other. Drawing on their private correspondence and brand-new research, Paranque shows how Elizabeth and Catherine navigated through uncharted waters that both united and divided their kingdoms, maneuvering between opposing political, religious, and social objectives—all while maintaining unprecedented power over their respective domains. Though different in myriad ways, their fates and lives remained intertwined of the course of three decades, even as the European geo-politics repeatedly set them against one another. Whether engaged in bloody battles or peaceful accords, Elizabeth and Catherine admired the force and resilience of the other, while never forgetting that they were, first and foremost, each other's true rival. This is a story of two remarkable visionaries: a story of blood, fire, and gold. It is also a tale of ceaseless calculation, of love and rivalry, of war and wisdom, and—above all else—of the courage and sacrifice it takes to secure and sustain power as a woman in a male-dominated world. A Times' Book of the Week |
| catherine de medici history: The Life and Times of Catherine De' Medici Francis Watson, 1935 |
| catherine de medici history: Women of Power Mark Strage, 1976 |
| catherine de medici history: Game of Queens Sarah Gristwood, 2016-11-29 Sarah Gristwood has written a masterpiece that effortlessly and enthrallingly interweaves the amazing stories of women who ruled in Europe during the Renaissance period. -- Alison Weir Sixteenth-century Europe saw an explosion of female rule. From Isabella of Castile, and her granddaughter Mary Tudor, to Catherine de Medici, Anne Boleyn, and Elizabeth Tudor, these women wielded enormous power over their territories, shaping the course of European history for over a century. Across boundaries and generations, these royal women were mothers and daughters, mentors and protées, allies and enemies. For the first time, Europe saw a sisterhood of queens who would not be equaled until modern times. A fascinating group biography and a thrilling political epic, Game of Queens explores the lives of some of the most beloved (and reviled) queens in history. |
| catherine de medici history: A Small Dose of Toxicology Steven G. Gilbert, 2004-02-18 Everyday, we come into contact with many relatively harmless substances that could, at certain concentrations, be toxic. This applies not only to obvious candidates such as asbestos, lead, and gasoline, but also to compounds such as caffeine and headache tablets. While the field of toxicology has numerous texts devoted to aspects of biology, chemis |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine De' Medici's Valois Tapestries Elizabeth A. H. Cleland, Marjorie E. Wieseman, 2018 Published on the occasion of the exhibition of the same name held at the Cleveland Museum of Art, 18th November 2018-21st January 2019. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici , 2020-09-28 |
| catherine de medici history: The Challenge to the Crown Robert Stedall, 2012-07-26 Mary Queen of Scots: Catholic martyr or manipulative femme fatale On 10 February 1567, conspirators bent on killing Henry, Lord Darnley, King-Consort of Mary Queen of Scots successfully razed his Edinburgh residence at Kirk o' Field in a huge explosion. Soon afterwards, Darnley's partially-clothed body was discovered in a nearby orchard, strangled to death by an unknown assailant. Rumours of Mary's involvement in his murder quickly surfaced. Placards across Edinburgh implied that she had provoked the Earl of Bothwell into killing her husband in a crime of passion. This became more plausible when she tried to avoid having to prosecute him for the murder, and subsequently married him, encouraged by her most senior Protestant nobles. While Mary's motives for the marriage might be explained by her need for his protection, those of the Nobility who had encourage it are confusing. Why would they want a union, which would inevitably place Bothwell, a man they hated, as head of government? Was their motif to associate her in the murder plot? Mary's involvement in Darnley's murder has remained one of the great historical mysteries. Genealogist and author Robert Stedall has spent ten years researching the inter-marriages within Scottish peerage to provide an explanation for their motives in removing Mary from the throne. In this first volume, of his two volume history of Mary and James, he explains in vivid detail the switching allegiances of the nobility, and can reveal for the first time, the gripping true story of Mary's downfall and imprisonment. |
| catherine de medici history: Catherine de Medici and the Ancien Régime Nicola Mary Sutherland, 1966 |
| catherine de medici history: Anti-Italianism in Sixteenth-century France Henry Heller, 2003-01-01 He also discusses the important role of anti-Italian xenophobia in the events surrounding the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, the Estates-General of Blois in 1576-7, the Catholic League revolt, and the triumph of Henri IV.. |
| catherine de medici history: Francis I Leonie Frieda, 2018-03-08 Francis I (1494-1547) was inconstant, amorous, hot-headed and flawed. Arguably he was also the most significant king that France ever had. A contemporary of Henry VIII of England, Francis saw himself as the first Renaissance king. A courageous and heroic warrior, he was also a keen aesthete, an accomplished diplomat and an energetic ruler who turned his country into a force to be reckoned with. Bestselling historian Leonie Frieda's comprehensive and sympathetic account explores the life of the most human of all Renaissance monarchs - and the most enigmatic. |
| catherine de medici history: Beware, Princess Elizabeth Carolyn Meyer, 2002-09-01 A “gripping historical drama” that tells the story of young Elizabeth Tudor’s journey to the throne—and her fierce rivalry with her half sister (School Library Journal). Imprisonment. Betrayal. Lost love. Murder. What more must a princess endure? Elizabeth Tudor’s teenage and young adult years during the turbulent reigns of Edward and then Mary Tudor are hardly those of a fairy-tale princess. Her mother has been beheaded by Elizabeth's own father, Henry VIII. Her jealous half sister, Mary, has her locked away in the Tower of London. And her only love interest betrays her in his own quest for the throne… Told in the voice of the young Elizabeth and ending when she is crowned queen, this novel in the exciting Young Royals series explores the relationship between two sisters who became mortal enemies. New York Times-bestselling author Carolyn Meyer has written an intriguing historical tale that reveals the deep-seated rivalry between a determined girl who became Elizabeth I, one of England's most powerful monarchs—and the sister who tried everything to stop her. |
| catherine de medici history: Antoine Caron Dominique Cordellier, Courtauld Institute Galleries, Frédéric Hueber, 2018 This catalog accompanies the first exhibition dedicated to Antoine Caron's graphic work and explores the role the Queen Mother Regent Catherine de' Medici played in a key series of drawings, some reunited here for the first time. |
| catherine de medici history: The Book of Hours of Catherine of Cleves John Plummer, 1964 |
| catherine de medici history: About Catherine De Medici Honoré de Balzac, Clara Bell, 2023-07-18 This work by French author Honoré de Balzac provides a sprawling and detailed portrait of Catherine de Medici, the queen consort of King Henry II of France. Drawing on historical records and his own imagination, Balzac explores Catherine's life, loves, and political intrigues. A fascinating and absorbing read for anyone interested in French history or psychoanalytic literary criticism. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| catherine de medici history: Italian Sketches Deirdre Pirro, 2009 |
| catherine de medici history: The Later Years of Catherine De' Medici Edith Helen Sichel, 2012-08 Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici Leonie Frieda, 2006-03-14 Poisoner, despot, necromancer -- the dark legend of Catherine de Medici is centuries old. In this critically hailed biography, Leonie Frieda reclaims the story of this unjustly maligned queen to reveal a skilled ruler battling extraordinary political and personal odds -- from a troubled childhood in Florence to her marriage to Henry, son of King Francis I of France; from her transformation of French culture to her fight to protect her throne and her sons' birthright. Based on thousands of private letters, it is a remarkable account of one of the most influential women ever to wear a crown. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de'Medici R J Knecht, 2014-07-16 Catherine de' Medici (1519-89) was the wife of one king of France and the mother of three more - the last, sorry representatives of the Valois, who had ruled France since 1328. She herself is of preeminent importance to French history, and one of the most controversial of all historical figures. Despised until she was powerful enough to be hated, she was, in her own lifetime and since, the subject of a Black Legend that has made her a favourite subject of historical novelists (most notably Alexandre Dumas, whose Reine Margot has recently had new currency on film). Yet there is no recent biography of her in English. This new study, by a leading scholar of Renaissance France, is a major event. Catherine, a neglected and insignificant member of the Florentine Medici, entered French history in 1533 when she married the son of Francis I for short-lived political reasons: her uncle was pope Clement VII, who died the following year. Now of no diplomatic value, Catherine was treated with contempt at the French court even after her husband's accession as Henry II in 1547. Even so, she gave him ten children before he was killed in a tournament in 1559. She was left with three young boys, who succeeded to the throne as Francis II (1559-60), Charles IX (1560-74) and Henry III (1574-89). As regent and queen-mother, a woman and with no natural power-base of her own, she faced impossible odds. France was accelerating into chaos, with political faction at court and religious conflict throughout the land. As the country disintegrated, Catherine's overriding concern was for the interests of her children. She was tireless in her efforts to protect her sons' inheritance, and to settle her daughters in advantageous marriages. But France needed more. Catherine herself was both peace-loving and, in an age of frenzied religious hatred, unbigoted. She tried to use the Huguenots to counterbalance the growing power of the ultra-Catholic Guises but extremism on all sides frustrated her. She was drawn into the violence. Her name is ineradicably associated with its culmination, the Massacre of St Bartholomew (24 August 1572), when thousands of Huguenots were slaughtered in Paris and elsewhere. To this day no-one knows for certain whether Catherine instigated the massacre or not, but here Robert Knecht explores the probabilities in a notably level-headed fashion. His book is a gripping narrative in its own right. It offers both a lucid exposition of immensely complex events (with their profound imact on the future of France), and also a convincing portrait of its enigmatic central character. In going behind the familiar Black Legend, Professor Knecht does not make the mistake of whitewashing Catherine; but he shows how intractable was her world, and how shifty or intransigent the people with whom she had to deal. For all her flaws, she emerges as a more sympathetic - and, in her pragmatism, more modern - figure than most of her leading contemporaries. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de' Medici Mary Hollingsworth, 2024-06-06 A new biography of Catherine de' Medici, the most powerful woman in sixteenth-century Europe, whose author uses neglected primary sources to recreate the life and times of a remarkable – and remarkably traduced – woman. History is rarely kind to women of power, but few have had their reputations quite so brutally shredded as Catherine de' Medici, Italian-born queen of France and influential mother of three successive French kings during that country's long sequence of sectarian wars in the second half of the sixteenth century. Thanks to the malign efforts of propagandists motivated by religious hatred, history tends to remember Catherine as a schemer who used witchcraft and poison to eradicate her rivals, as a spendthrift dilettante who wasted ruinous sums of money on building and embellishment of monuments and palaces, and most sinister of all, as instigator of the St Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572, in which thousands of innocent Protestants were slaughtered by Catholic mobs. Mary Hollingsworth delves into contemporary archives to discover deeper truths behind these persistent myths. The correspondence of diplomats and Catherine's own letters reveal a woman who worked tirelessly to find a way for Catholics and Protestants to coexist in peace (a goal for which she continued to strive until the end of her life), who was well-informed on both literary and scientific matters, and whose patronage of the arts helped bring into being glorious châteaux and gardens, priceless work of art, and magnificent festivities combining theatre, music and ballet, which display the grandeur of the French court. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Identities of Catherine de' Medici Susan Broomhall, 2021-07-05 An innovative analysis of the representational strategies that constructed Catherine de’ Medici and sought to explain her behaviour and motivations. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici Leonie Frieda, 2011-12-08 Orphaned in infancy, Catherine de Medici was the sole legitimate heiress to the Medici family fortune. Married at fourteen to the future Henri II of France, she was constantly humiliated by his influential mistress Diane de Poitiers. When her husband died as a result of a duelling accident in Paris, Catherine was made queen regent during the short reign of her eldest son (married to Mary Queen of Scots and like many of her children he died young). When her second son became king she was the power behind the throne. She nursed dynastic ambitions, but was continually drawn into political and religious intrigues between catholics and protestants that plagued France for much of the later part of her life. It had always been said that she was implicated in the notorious Saint Barthlomew's Day Massacre, together with the king and her third son who succeeded to the throne in 1574, but was murdered. Her political influence waned, but she survived long enough to ensure the succession of her son-in-law who had married her daughter Margaret. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Confessions of Catherine de Medici C. W. Gortner, 2010 Leaving her native Florence to marry Henry II of France, Catherine de Medici embarks on an unanticipated destiny of religious warfare, thwarted leadership and psychologically charged royal machinations. By the author of The Last Queen. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Rival Queens Nancy Goldstone, 2015-06-23 The riveting true story of mother-and-daughter queens Catherine de' Medici and Marguerite de Valois, whose wildly divergent personalities and turbulent relationship changed the shape of their tempestuous and dangerous century. Set in magnificent Renaissance France, this is the story of two remarkable women, a mother and daughter driven into opposition by a terrible betrayal that threatened to destroy the realm. Catherine de' Medici was a ruthless pragmatist and powerbroker who dominated the throne for thirty years. Her youngest daughter Marguerite, the glamorous Queen Margot, was a passionate free spirit, the only adversary whom her mother could neither intimidate nor control. When Catherine forces the Catholic Marguerite to marry her Protestant cousin Henry of Navarre against her will, and then uses her opulent Parisian wedding as a means of luring his followers to their deaths, she creates not only savage conflict within France but also a potent rival within her own family. Rich in detail and vivid prose, Goldstone's narrative unfolds as a thrilling historical epic. Treacherous court politics, poisonings, international espionage, and adultery form the background to a story that includes such celebrated figures as Elizabeth I, Mary, Queen of Scots, and Nostradamus. The Rival Queens is a dangerous tale of love, betrayal, ambition, and the true nature of courage, the echoes of which still resonate. |
| catherine de' medici history: Biography of a Family: Catherine de Medici and Her Children Milton Waldman, 2008-06-01 This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work. |
| catherine de' medici history: Elizabeth I of England through Valois Eyes Estelle Paranque, 2018-10-27 This book examines the first thirty years of Elizabeth I’s reign from the perspective of the Valois kings, Charles IX and Henri III of France. Estelle Paranque sifts through hundreds of French letters and ambassadorial reports to construct a fuller picture of early modern Anglo-French relations, highlighting key events such as the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, the imprisonment and execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, and the victory of England over the Spanish Armada in 1588. By drawing on a wealth of French sources, she illuminates the French royal family’s shifting perceptions of Elizabeth I and suggests new conclusions about her reign. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Serpent Queen Leonie Frieda, 2023-01-05 NOW THE TV SERIES 'THE SERPENT QUEEN', STARRING SAMANTHA MORTON The bestselling revisionist biography of one of the great women of the 16th century Orphaned in infancy, Catherine de Medici was the sole legitimate heiress to the Medici family fortune. Married at fourteen to the future Henri II of France, she was constantly humiliated by his influential mistress Diane de Poitiers. When her husband died as a result of a duelling accident in Paris, Catherine was made queen regent during the short reign of her eldest son (married to Mary Queen of Scots and like many of her children he died young). When her second son became king she was the power behind the throne. She nursed dynastic ambitions, but was continually drawn into political and religious intrigues between Catholics and Protestants that plagued France for much of the later part of her life. It had always been said that she was implicated in the notorious Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, together with the king and her third son who succeeded to the throne in 1574, but was murdered. Her political influence waned, but she survived long enough to ensure the succession of her son-in-law who had married her daughter Margaret. |
| catherine de' medici history: Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France Kathleen Wellman, 2013-05-21 Tells the history of the French Renaissance through the lives of its most prominent queens and mistresses. |
| catherine de' medici history: Duchessina Carolyn Meyer, 2009-04-27 While her tyrannical family is out of favor in Italy, young Catherine de Medici is raised in convents, then in 1533, when she is fourteen, her uncle, Pope Clement VII, arranges for her marriage to prince Henri of France, who is destined to become king. |
| catherine de' medici history: Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici Una McIlvenna, 2016-05-12 Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici explores Catherine de Medici's 'flying squadron', the legendary ladies-in-waiting of the sixteenth-century French queen mother who were alleged to have been ordered to seduce politically influential men for their mistress's own Machiavellian purposes. Branded a 'cabal of cuckoldry' by a contemporary critic, these women were involved in scandals that have encouraged a perception, which continues in much academic literature, of the late Valois court as debauched and corrupt. Rather than trying to establish the guilt or innocence of the accused, Una McIlvenna here focuses on representations of the scandals in popular culture and print, and on the collective portrayal of the women in the libelous and often pornographic literature that circulated information about the court. She traces the origins of this material to the all-male intellectual elite of the parlementaires: lawyers and magistrates who expressed their disapproval of Catherine's political and religious decisions through misogynist pamphlets and verse that targeted the women of her entourage. Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici reveals accusations of poisoning and incest to be literary tropes within a tradition of female defamation dating to classical times that encouraged a collective and universalizing notion of women as sexually voracious, duplicitous and, ultimately, dangerous. In its focus on manuscript and early print culture, and on the transition from a world of orality to one dominated by literacy and textuality, this study has relevance for scholars of literary history, particularly those interested in pamphlet and libel culture. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Black Prince of Florence Catherine Fletcher, 2016 Family tree -- Glossary of names -- Timeline -- Map -- A note on money -- Prologue -- Book one: The bastard son -- Book two: The obedient nephew -- Book three: The prince alone -- Afterword: Alessandro's ethnicity. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Devil's Queen Jeanne Kalogridis, 2009-07-21 From Jeanne Kalogridis, the bestselling author of I, Mona Lisa and The Borgia Bride, comes a new novel that tells the passionate story of a queen who loved not wisely . . . but all too well. Confidante of Nostradamus, scheming mother-in-law to Mary, Queen of Scots, and architect of the bloody St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Catherine de Medici is one of the most maligned monarchs in history. In her latest historical fiction, Jeanne Kalogridis tells Catherine's story—that of a tender young girl, destined to be a pawn in Machiavellian games. Born into one of Florence's most powerful families, Catherine was soon left a fabulously rich heiress by the early deaths of her parents. Violent conflict rent the city state and she found herself imprisoned and threatened by her family's enemies before finally being released and married off to the handsome Prince Henry of France. Overshadowed by her husband's mistress, the gorgeous, conniving Diane de Poitiers, and unable to bear children, Catherine resorted to the dark arts of sorcery to win Henry's love and enhance her fertility—for which she would pay a price. Against the lavish and decadent backdrop of the French court, and Catherine's blood-soaked visions of the future, Kalogridis reveals the great love and desire Catherine bore for her husband, Henry, and her stark determination to keep her sons on the throne. |
| catherine de' medici history: Dairy Queens Meredith Martin, 2011-02-15 In a lively narrative that spans more than two centuries, Meredith Martin tells the story of a royal and aristocratic building type that has been largely forgotten today: the pleasure dairy of early modern France. These garden structures—most famously the faux-rustic, white marble dairy built for Marie-Antoinette’s Hameau at Versailles—have long been dismissed as the trifling follies of a reckless elite. Martin challenges such assumptions and reveals the pivotal role that pleasure dairies played in cultural and political life, especially with respect to polarizing debates about nobility, femininity, and domesticity. Together with other forms of pastoral architecture such as model farms and hermitages, pleasure dairies were crucial arenas for elite women to exercise and experiment with identity and power. Opening with Catherine de’ Medici’s lavish dairy at Fontainebleau (c. 1560), Martin’s book explores how French queens and noblewomen used pleasure dairies to naturalize their status, display their cultivated tastes, and proclaim their virtue as nurturing mothers and capable estate managers. Pleasure dairies also provided women with a site to promote good health, by spending time in salubrious gardens and consuming fresh milk. Illustrated with a dazzling array of images and photographs, Dairy Queens sheds new light on architecture, self, and society in the ancien régime. |
| catherine de' medici history: Biography of a Family Milton Waldman, 1936 |
| catherine de' medici history: Madame Serpent Jean Plaidy, 2012-07-03 A fictional account of Catherine de' Medici, the fourteen-year-old reluctant Italian bride to the second son of the King of France, Henry, during the sixteenth-century. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici , 2005 Describes the life and accomplishments of the queen who worked to achieve peace between French Protestants and Catholics during the reigns of her husband, King Henry II of France, and her sons. |
| catherine de' medici history: Blood, Fire & Gold Estelle Paranque, 2022-12-06 **SMITHSONIAN MAGAZINE, 10 BEST HISTORY BOOKS OF 2022** **HISTORY TODAY, BOOKS OF THE YEAR (2022)** A brilliant and beautifully written deep dive into the complicated relationship between Elizabeth I and Catherine de Medici, two of the most powerful women in Renaissance Europe who shaped each other as profoundly as they shaped the course of history. Sixteenth-century Europe was a hostile world dominated by court politics and patriarchal structures, and yet against all odds, two women rose to power: Elizabeth I and Catherine de Medici. One a young Virgin Queen who ruled her kingdom alone, and the other a more experienced and clandestine leader who used her children to shape the dynasties of Europe, much has been written about these shrewd and strategic sovereigns. But though their individual legacies have been heavily scrutinized, nothing has been said of their complicated relationship—thirty years of camaraderie, competition, and conflict that forever changed the face of Europe. In Blood, Fire, and Gold, historian Estelle Paranque offers a new way of looking at two of history's most powerful women: through the eyes of the other. Drawing on their private correspondence and brand-new research, Paranque shows how Elizabeth and Catherine navigated through uncharted waters that both united and divided their kingdoms, maneuvering between opposing political, religious, and social objectives—all while maintaining unprecedented power over their respective domains. Though different in myriad ways, their fates and lives remained intertwined of the course of three decades, even as the European geo-politics repeatedly set them against one another. Whether engaged in bloody battles or peaceful accords, Elizabeth and Catherine admired the force and resilience of the other, while never forgetting that they were, first and foremost, each other's true rival. This is a story of two remarkable visionaries: a story of blood, fire, and gold. It is also a tale of ceaseless calculation, of love and rivalry, of war and wisdom, and—above all else—of the courage and sacrifice it takes to secure and sustain power as a woman in a male-dominated world. A Times' Book of the Week |
| catherine de' medici history: Madame Catherine Irene Mahoney, 1976 |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici Jean Heritier, 2019-07-02 Originally published in 1968 this book is an unforgettable portrait of an impoverished orphaned daughter of the Medici, pitchforked at the age of fourteen into her royal destiny and having to bear the rivalry of Diane de Poiters and the description ‘the Florentine shopkeeper’ who nevertheless became one of the most powerful characters in the shaping of sixteenth century Europe. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Life and Times of Catherine De' Medici Francis Watson, 1935 |
| catherine de' medici history: Women of Power Mark Strage, 1976 |
| catherine de' medici history: Game of Queens Sarah Gristwood, 2016-11-29 Sarah Gristwood has written a masterpiece that effortlessly and enthrallingly interweaves the amazing stories of women who ruled in Europe during the Renaissance period. -- Alison Weir Sixteenth-century Europe saw an explosion of female rule. From Isabella of Castile, and her granddaughter Mary Tudor, to Catherine de Medici, Anne Boleyn, and Elizabeth Tudor, these women wielded enormous power over their territories, shaping the course of European history for over a century. Across boundaries and generations, these royal women were mothers and daughters, mentors and protées, allies and enemies. For the first time, Europe saw a sisterhood of queens who would not be equaled until modern times. A fascinating group biography and a thrilling political epic, Game of Queens explores the lives of some of the most beloved (and reviled) queens in history. |
| catherine de' medici history: A Small Dose of Toxicology Steven G. Gilbert, 2004-02-18 Everyday, we come into contact with many relatively harmless substances that could, at certain concentrations, be toxic. This applies not only to obvious candidates such as asbestos, lead, and gasoline, but also to compounds such as caffeine and headache tablets. While the field of toxicology has numerous texts devoted to aspects of biology, chemis |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici , 2020-09-28 |
| catherine de' medici history: The Challenge to the Crown Robert Stedall, 2012-07-26 Mary Queen of Scots: Catholic martyr or manipulative femme fatale On 10 February 1567, conspirators bent on killing Henry, Lord Darnley, King-Consort of Mary Queen of Scots successfully razed his Edinburgh residence at Kirk o' Field in a huge explosion. Soon afterwards, Darnley's partially-clothed body was discovered in a nearby orchard, strangled to death by an unknown assailant. Rumours of Mary's involvement in his murder quickly surfaced. Placards across Edinburgh implied that she had provoked the Earl of Bothwell into killing her husband in a crime of passion. This became more plausible when she tried to avoid having to prosecute him for the murder, and subsequently married him, encouraged by her most senior Protestant nobles. While Mary's motives for the marriage might be explained by her need for his protection, those of the Nobility who had encourage it are confusing. Why would they want a union, which would inevitably place Bothwell, a man they hated, as head of government? Was their motif to associate her in the murder plot? Mary's involvement in Darnley's murder has remained one of the great historical mysteries. Genealogist and author Robert Stedall has spent ten years researching the inter-marriages within Scottish peerage to provide an explanation for their motives in removing Mary from the throne. In this first volume, of his two volume history of Mary and James, he explains in vivid detail the switching allegiances of the nobility, and can reveal for the first time, the gripping true story of Mary's downfall and imprisonment. |
| catherine de' medici history: Médicis Daughter Sophie Perinot, 2015-12-01 It's the winter of 1564 and the beautiful young Princess Margot is summoned to her mother's household, where her true education begins in earnest. Known across Europe as Madame la Serpente, Queen Catherine is an intimidating and unmoving presence in France, even as her country recovers from the first of many devastating religious wars. Among the crafty nobility of Queen Catherine's royal court, Margot learns the intriguing and unspoken rules she must live by to please her manipulative family. Eager to be an obedient daughter, Margot embraces her role as a pawn to be married off to the most convenient bidder. Despite her loyalty, Margot finds herself charmed by the powerful and charismatic Duc de Guise and falls for him even as she is promised to another. Finally setting aside her happiness for duty, Margot leaves the man she loves for Henri of Navarre, a Huguenot leader and a notorious heretic. Yet Queen Catherine's schemes are endless, and Margot's brother plots vengeance in the streets of Paris. Forced to choose between her family and what's right, Margot at last finds the strength within herself to forge her own destiny. Médicis Daughter is historical fiction at its finest, weaving a unique coming-of-age story and a forbidden love with one of the most dramatic and violent events in French history. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine de Medici and the Ancien Régime Nicola Mary Sutherland, 1966 |
| catherine de' medici history: Anti-Italianism in Sixteenth-century France Henry Heller, 2003-01-01 He also discusses the important role of anti-Italian xenophobia in the events surrounding the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, the Estates-General of Blois in 1576-7, the Catholic League revolt, and the triumph of Henri IV.. |
| catherine de' medici history: Beware, Princess Elizabeth Carolyn Meyer, 2002-09-01 A “gripping historical drama” that tells the story of young Elizabeth Tudor’s journey to the throne—and her fierce rivalry with her half sister (School Library Journal). Imprisonment. Betrayal. Lost love. Murder. What more must a princess endure? Elizabeth Tudor’s teenage and young adult years during the turbulent reigns of Edward and then Mary Tudor are hardly those of a fairy-tale princess. Her mother has been beheaded by Elizabeth's own father, Henry VIII. Her jealous half sister, Mary, has her locked away in the Tower of London. And her only love interest betrays her in his own quest for the throne… Told in the voice of the young Elizabeth and ending when she is crowned queen, this novel in the exciting Young Royals series explores the relationship between two sisters who became mortal enemies. New York Times-bestselling author Carolyn Meyer has written an intriguing historical tale that reveals the deep-seated rivalry between a determined girl who became Elizabeth I, one of England's most powerful monarchs—and the sister who tried everything to stop her. |
| catherine de' medici history: Antoine Caron Dominique Cordellier, Courtauld Institute Galleries, Frédéric Hueber, 2018 This catalog accompanies the first exhibition dedicated to Antoine Caron's graphic work and explores the role the Queen Mother Regent Catherine de' Medici played in a key series of drawings, some reunited here for the first time. |
| catherine de' medici history: Catherine De' Medici Hugh Ross Williamson, 1973 Catherine de' Medici has become almost a legend. As the queen-mother of France who was responsible for the Massacre of St. Bartholomew in 1572 she has incurred the odium of centuries and her enemies held her guilty of other more subtle individual murders perpetrated with the help of her alchemist-astrologer.--Dust jacket flap. |
| catherine de' medici history: About Catherine De Medici Honoré de Balzac, Clara Bell, 2023-07-18 This work by French author Honoré de Balzac provides a sprawling and detailed portrait of Catherine de Medici, the queen consort of King Henry II of France. Drawing on historical records and his own imagination, Balzac explores Catherine's life, loves, and political intrigues. A fascinating and absorbing read for anyone interested in French history or psychoanalytic literary criticism. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| catherine de' medici history: Italian Sketches Deirdre Pirro, 2009 |
| catherine de' medici history: The Medici Paul Strathern, 2018-02-22 A dazzling piece of Italian history of the infamous family that become one of the most powerful in Europe, weaving its history with Renaissance greats from Leonardo da Vinci to Galileo Against the background of an age which saw the rebirth of ancient and classical learning, The Medici is a remarkably modern story of power, money and ambition. Strathern paints a vivid narrative of the dramatic rise and fall of the Medici family in Florence, as well as the Italian Renaissance which they did so much to sponsor and encourage. Strathern also follows the lives of many of the great Renaissance artists with whom the Medici had dealings, including Leonardo, Michelangelo and Donatello; as well as scientists like Galileo and Pico della Mirandola; and the fortunes of those members of the Medici family who achieved success away from Florence, including the two Medici popes and Catherine de' Médicis, who became Queen of France and played a major role in that country through three turbulent reigns. ‘A great overview of one family's centuries-long role in changing the face of Europe’ Irish Independent |
| catherine de' medici history: Isabella De' Medici Caroline Murphy, 2008 Isabella de' Medici's affair with her husband's cousin - and her very success as First Lady of Florence - led to her death at the hands of her husband at the age of just thirty-four. She left behind as her legacy a son who became the best of the Orsini Dukes. This title presents her story. |
| catherine de' medici history: The Later Years of Catherine De' Medici Edith Helen Sichel, 2012-08 Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy. |
| catherine de' medici history: Francis I Leonie Frieda, 2018-03-08 Francis I (1494-1547) was inconstant, amorous, hot-headed and flawed. Arguably he was also the most significant king that France ever had. A contemporary of Henry VIII of England, Francis saw himself as the first Renaissance king. A courageous and heroic warrior, he was also a keen aesthete, an accomplished diplomat and an energetic ruler who turned his country into a force to be reckoned with. Bestselling historian Leonie Frieda's comprehensive and sympathetic account explores the life of the most human of all Renaissance monarchs - and the most enigmatic. |
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Catherine de’ Medici and Chess Susan Broomhall T his essay explores the performative capacity of chess for the sixteenth-century French queen and regent, Catherine de’ Medici. It argues …
PDF Diane De Poitiers
Diane De Poitiers is not just a short-term resource; its impact lasts long after the moment of use. Its helpful content guarantee that users can maintain the knowledge gained long-term, even as …
Caterina De Medici (PDF) - naclc2019.iaslc.org
Catherine de' Medici - World History Encyclopedia Jun 22, 2022 · Catherine de' Medici is famous for being the most powerful woman in France between 1559 and c. 1576 and possibly the …
METAPHORS OF RULE - JSTOR
Political Ideology and History in the Portraits of Cosimo I de' Medici by Kurt W. Forster When Alessandro de' Medici rode into Florence on 5 July 1531 neither the Emperor nor the Pope, …
File PDF Lucrezia De Medici - www-old.lions3r.com
Bronzino’s portrait of Lucrezia de’ Medici. 52 seconds - Set at the, heart of the, treacherous political world of the, Italian Renaissance, The, Marriage Portrait is the, masterful story of a …
Casting a Rival into the Shade: Catherine de' Medici and …
that position (e.g., Henri II, Catherine de' Medici, Diane de Poitiers).6 As so many scholars looking at power relation-ships within courts have noted, imag-ery-in its broadest sense comprising …
Caterina De Medici By Mariangela Melotti - mj.unc.edu
catherine de médicis wikipédia. catherine de medici history learning site. caterina de medici and french cuisine walking palates caterina de medici May 25th, 2020 - familie caterina de medici …
CATHERINE DE MEDICI: RENAISSANCE QUEEN OF FRANCE …
CATHERINE DE MEDICI: RENAISSANCE QUEEN OF FRANCE Free Download Margot’s Marriage Is Arranged –72 - Catherine de Medici: Renaissance Queen of France. Descendants …
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PREFACE Tfflabook(as towhichitisimportant rememberthe Surifinjusticeisnottobedonetotheintentionsofthe author)hasplentyofinterestofmorekindsthanone …
Caterina De Medici - 139.162.192.125
Catherine de' Medici - Wikipedia Catherine de' Medici (Italian: Caterina de' Medici, pronounced [kateˈriːna de ˈmɛːditʃi]; French: Catherine de Médicis, pronounced [katʁin də medisis]; 13 April …
Young Queens The Gripping Intertwined Story Of
world dominated by men. Orphaned from infancy, Catherine de’ Medici endured a tumultuous childhood. Married to the French king, she was widowed by forty, only to become the power …
Catherine D Medici - lms.ium.edu.mv
Catherine de' Medici - World History Encyclopedia Jun 22, 2022 · Catherine de' Medici (l. 1519-1589) was the queen of France, mother of three kings and two queens and, between 1559 …
Caterina De Medici
Catherine de' Medici - World History Encyclopedia Jun 22, 2022 · Catherine de' Medici is famous for being the most powerful woman in France between 1559 and c. 1576 and possibly the …
Caterina de medici - centraleveiligheidsopleiding.covestro
catherine de medici born april 13 1519 florence italy died january 5 1589 blois france was the queen consort of henry ii of france reigned 1547 59
Forum Play, Games, and Performance - JSTOR
Catherine de’ Medici and Chess Susan Broomhall T his essay explores the performative capacity of chess for the sixteenth-century French queen and regent, Catherine de’ Medici. It argues …
Smokeless tobacco: the folklore and social history of snuffing ...
Nicot presented snuff to Catherine de Medici, Queen Mother of France, as treatment for asthma and migraine headaches for her son, 16-year-old King Francis fl.2,3,11'15 Catherine was a …
Renaissance couRt Dance in italy and FRance - Dancetime …
Catherine Sim Renaissance Court Dance in Italy and France 1 Renaissance couRt Dance in italy anD FRance Moreover, I was present in Venice when the Emperor [Frederick III] ... Catherine …
château de CHENONCEAU
a portrait of Catherine de’ Medici by Sauvage. Also named after Catherine de Medici’s favourite colour, the green shown off by the 16th-century ceiling, in its original state; this was the room …
AP European History Review Guide - TomRichey
1 AP EURO REVIEW SHEET #1: European Wars For each of the following wars, make simple notes of the following : Causes, Course, Consequences, Conquerors, Conquered Hundred …
Clothing and a Florentine style, 1550–1620 - JSTOR
of Catherine de' Medici, she was not an entire stranger to Florentine ways before her arrival in the city. A portrait in the Uffizi by an unknown French artist shows Christine in recognizably French …
Catherine De Medici Renaissance Queen Of France
Catherine de' Medici - World History Encyclopedia Jun 22, 2022 · Catherine de' Medici was the queen of France and mother of the French kings Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III. She …
From Catherine Baillon to Charlemagne - ACGS
"De Catherine BaUlon a Charlemagne." MemDires de la Societe gerwalogtque canadtenne-jra11(:aise 48 (Autumn 1997): 190-216. This English translation has a few minor additions and …
I Medici Una Regina Al Potere - qr.bonide
The Identities of Catherine de' Medici History of Scotland [1149-1603] Tre insoliti delitti The Medici, Michelangelo, & the Art of Late Renaissance Florence Firenze dopo i Medici La …
AP European History: Course Study Guide
Pope Clement VII - Medici, head of Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from Nov 19, 1523. Habsburg Valois Wars - Long series of wars fought between 1494 and 1559. Huguenot - …
