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causal loop diagram public health: Community Based System Dynamics Peter S. Hovmand, 2013-11-09 Community Based System Dynamics introduces researchers and practitioners to the design and application of participatory systems modeling with diverse communities. The book bridges community- based participatory research methods and rigorous computational modeling approaches to understanding communities as complex systems. It emphasizes the importance of community involvement both to understand the underlying system and to aid in implementation. Comprehensive in its scope, the volume includes topics that span the entire process of participatory systems modeling, from the initial engagement and conceptualization of community issues to model building, analysis, and project evaluation. Community Based System Dynamics is a highly valuable resource for anyone interested in helping to advance social justice using system dynamics, community involvement, and group model building, and helping to make communities a better place. |
causal loop diagram public health: Thinking in Circles About Obesity Tarek K. A. Hamid, 2009-09-22 Today’s children may well become the first generation of Americans whose life expectancy will be shorter than that of their parents. The culprit, public health experts agree, is obesity and its associated health problems. Heretofore, the strategy to slow obesity’s galloping pace has been driven by what the philosopher Karl Popper calls ‘‘the bucket theory of the mind. ’’ When minds are seen as containers and public understanding is viewed as being a function of how many scientific facts are known, the focus is naturally on how many scientific facts public minds contain. But the strategy has not worked. Despite all the diet books, the wide availability of reduced-calorie and reduced-fat foods, and the broad publicity about the obesity problem, America’s waistline continues to expand. It will take more than food pyramid images or a new nutritional guideline to stem obesity’s escalation. Albert Einstein once observed that the significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them, and that we would have to shift to a new level, a deeper level of thinking,tosolvethem. Thisbookarguesfor,andpresents,adifferent perspective for thinking about and addressing the obesity problem: a systems thinking perspective. While already commonplace in engineering and in business, the use of systems thinking in personal health is less widely adopted. Yet this is precisely the setting where complexities are most problematicandwherethestakesarehighest. |
causal loop diagram public health: Leveraging Data Science for Global Health Leo Anthony Celi, Maimuna S. Majumder, Patricia Ordóñez, Juan Sebastian Osorio, Kenneth E. Paik, Melek Somai, 2020-07-31 This open access book explores ways to leverage information technology and machine learning to combat disease and promote health, especially in resource-constrained settings. It focuses on digital disease surveillance through the application of machine learning to non-traditional data sources. Developing countries are uniquely prone to large-scale emerging infectious disease outbreaks due to disruption of ecosystems, civil unrest, and poor healthcare infrastructure – and without comprehensive surveillance, delays in outbreak identification, resource deployment, and case management can be catastrophic. In combination with context-informed analytics, students will learn how non-traditional digital disease data sources – including news media, social media, Google Trends, and Google Street View – can fill critical knowledge gaps and help inform on-the-ground decision-making when formal surveillance systems are insufficient. |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Archetypes I Daniel H. Kim, 1992 |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Archetype Basics Daniel H. Kim, Virginia Anderson, 2007 |
causal loop diagram public health: Mathematics of Public Health Jummy David, Jianhong Wu, 2023-12-30 This volume addresses SDG 3 from a mathematical standpoint, sharing novel perspectives of existing communicable disease modelling technologies of the next generation and disseminating new developments in modelling methodologies and simulation techniques. These methodologies are important for training and research in communicable diseases and can be applied to other threats to human health. The contributions contained in this collection/book cover a range of modelling techniques that have been and may be used to support decision-making on critical health related issues such as: Resource allocation Impact of climate change on communicable diseases Interaction of human behaviour change, and disease spread Disease outbreak trajectories projection Public health interventions evaluation Preparedness and mitigation of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases outbreaks Development of vaccines and decisions around vaccine allocation and optimization The diseases and public health issues in this volume include, but are not limited to COVID-19, HIV, Influenza, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the opioid epidemic, Lyme Disease, Zika, and Malaria. In addition, this volume compares compartmental models, agent-based models, machine learning and network. Readers have an opportunity to learn from the next generation perspective of evolving methodologies and algorithms in modelling infectious diseases, the mathematics behind them, the motivation for them, and some applications to supporting critical decisions on prevention and control of communicable diseases. This volume was compiled from the weekly seminar series organized by the Mathematics for Public Health (MfPH) Next Generation Network. This network brings together the next generation of modellers from across Canada and the world, developing the latest mathematical models, modeling methodologies, and analytical and simulation tools for communicable diseases of global public health concerns. The weekly seminar series provides a unique forum for this network and their invited guest speakers to share their perspectives on the status and future directions of mathematics of public health. |
causal loop diagram public health: Group Model Building Jac Vennix, 1996-08-16 This book is about increasing team performance. It focuses on building system dynamics models when tackling a mix of interrelated strategic problems to enhance team learning, foster consensus, and create commitment. The book is intended to be applied in the organizations of today. As the command and control organization evolves into one of decision-making teams, so these teams have become the critical building blocks upon which the performance of the organization depends. The team members face an increased complexity of decision making with the interrelation of several strategic problems. What this means is that people have different views of the situation and will define problems differently. However, research shows that this can in fact be very productive if and when people learn from each other in order to build a shared perspective. Learning in this way might prove to be the only sustainable competitive advantage for organizations in the future. As a result, team leaders want to create learning teams and are confronted with issues such as how to: create a situation where people doubt their ideas rather than stubbornly cling to dearly held views create a learning atmosphere rather than trying to win the discussion create a shared understanding of a problem in a team foster consensus and create commitment with a strategic decision facilitate Group Model Building Those who will benefit most from Group Model Building: Facilitating Team Learning Using System Dynamics are those who are familiar with systems thinking or organizational learning, or those who are working in groups and are coming up against the common difficulties. |
causal loop diagram public health: A Systems Perspective of Public Health Marek Susta, 2023-01-09 This unique book will open the reader’s eyes to otherwise invisible relationships in public health systems, taking them all the way from the basics of a systems approach to complex structures. Not only will the reader learn how to use computer models to unravel the mysteries of government health policy, demography, or epidemiology, but the book also teaches how to build models to solve any problem of a complex nature. It covers selected problems in detail from topics, such as epidemiology, pharmaceutical business, government regulatory policy, health care provider staffing, capacity planning, vaccination, and national health policy. |
causal loop diagram public health: Seeing the Forest for the Trees Dennis Sherwood, 2011-03-30 How to use Systems Thinking to improve your business. |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Thinking for Health Systems Strengthening World Health Organization, 2009 Makes the case for systems thinking in an easily accessible form for a broad interdisciplinary audience, including health system stewards, programme implementers, researchers, evaluators, and funding partners. |
causal loop diagram public health: Human Resources for Health Information System World Health Organization, 2015-09-08 This document provides a standard-based tool for health workforce planners and decision-makers developing an electronic system or modifying an existing health information system to count and document all health workers within national and subnational contexts. The minimum data set for health workforce registry provided in this document can be used by ministries of health to support the development of standardized health workforce information systems. The minimum data set allows standardization of data values within existing electronic human resources for health (HRH) information systems. When used appropriately by information systems designers and software developers, a functional electronic health workforce registry can be designed to enable health workforce data interoperability, i.e. the ability to exchange health workforce data between software applications and computer systems within broader sub-national or national health information systems. Through this approach, rapid aggregation and display of health workforce data for decision-making can be fully realized. |
causal loop diagram public health: Multilevel Network Analysis for the Social Sciences Emmanuel Lazega, Tom A.B. Snijders, 2015-12-16 This volume provides new insights into the functioning of organizational, managerial and market societies. Multilevel analysis and social network analysis are described and the authors show how they can be combined in developing the theory, methods and empirical applications of the social sciences. This book maps out the development of multilevel reasoning and shows how it can explain behavior, through two different ways of contextualizing it. First, by identifying levels of influence on behavior and different aggregations of actors and behavior, and complex interactions between context and behavior. Second, by identifying different levels as truly different systems of agency: such levels of agency can be examined separately and jointly since the link between them is affiliation of members of one level to collective actors at the superior level. It is by combining these approaches that this work offers new insights. New case studies and datasets that explore new avenues of theorizing and new applications of methodology are presented. This book will be useful as a reference work for all social scientists, economists and historians who use network analyses and multilevel statistical analyses. Philosophers interested in the philosophy of science or epistemology will also find this book valuable. |
causal loop diagram public health: An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Valuing Community-Based, Non-Clinical Prevention Policies and Wellness Strategies, 2012-11-29 During the past century the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States have shifted from those related to communicable diseases to those due to chronic diseases. Just as the major causes of morbidity and mortality have changed, so too has the understanding of health and what makes people healthy or ill. Research has documented the importance of the social determinants of health (for example, socioeconomic status and education) that affect health directly as well as through their impact on other health determinants such as risk factors. Targeting interventions toward the conditions associated with today's challenges to living a healthy life requires an increased emphasis on the factors that affect the current cause of morbidity and mortality, factors such as the social determinants of health. Many community-based prevention interventions target such conditions. Community-based prevention interventions offer three distinct strengths. First, because the intervention is implemented population-wide it is inclusive and not dependent on access to a health care system. Second, by directing strategies at an entire population an intervention can reach individuals at all levels of risk. And finally, some lifestyle and behavioral risk factors are shaped by conditions not under an individual's control. For example, encouraging an individual to eat healthy food when none is accessible undermines the potential for successful behavioral change. Community-based prevention interventions can be designed to affect environmental and social conditions that are out of the reach of clinical services. Four foundations - the California Endowment, the de Beaumont Foundation, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation - asked the Institute of Medicine to convene an expert committee to develop a framework for assessing the value of community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies, especially those targeting the prevention of long-term, chronic diseases. The charge to the committee was to define community-based, non-clinical prevention policy and wellness strategies; define the value for community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies; and analyze current frameworks used to assess the value of community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies, including the methodologies and measures used and the short- and long-term impacts of such prevention policy and wellness strategies on health care spending and public health. An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention summarizes the committee's findings. |
causal loop diagram public health: Thinking in Systems Donella Meadows, 2008-12-03 The classic book on systems thinking—with more than half a million copies sold worldwide! This is a fabulous book... This book opened my mind and reshaped the way I think about investing.—Forbes Thinking in Systems is required reading for anyone hoping to run a successful company, community, or country. Learning how to think in systems is now part of change-agent literacy. And this is the best book of its kind.—Hunter Lovins In the years following her role as the lead author of the international bestseller, Limits to Growth—the first book to show the consequences of unchecked growth on a finite planet—Donella Meadows remained a pioneer of environmental and social analysis until her untimely death in 2001. Thinking in Systems is a concise and crucial book offering insight for problem solving on scales ranging from the personal to the global. Edited by the Sustainability Institute’s Diana Wright, this essential primer brings systems thinking out of the realm of computers and equations and into the tangible world, showing readers how to develop the systems-thinking skills that thought leaders across the globe consider critical for 21st-century life. Some of the biggest problems facing the world—war, hunger, poverty, and environmental degradation—are essentially system failures. They cannot be solved by fixing one piece in isolation from the others, because even seemingly minor details have enormous power to undermine the best efforts of too-narrow thinking. While readers will learn the conceptual tools and methods of systems thinking, the heart of the book is grander than methodology. Donella Meadows was known as much for nurturing positive outcomes as she was for delving into the science behind global dilemmas. She reminds readers to pay attention to what is important, not just what is quantifiable, to stay humble, and to stay a learner. In a world growing ever more complicated, crowded, and interdependent, Thinking in Systems helps readers avoid confusion and helplessness, the first step toward finding proactive and effective solutions. |
causal loop diagram public health: Low Carbon Mobility Transitions Debbie Hopkins, James Higham, 2016-11-30 A thorough examination of how methods of low-carbon transport can be implemented using international case studies, with contributions from recognised industry experts, academics and policy makers. |
causal loop diagram public health: Making Policies Work Giliberto Capano, Michael Howlett, M Ramesh, Altaf Virani, 2019 Policy design efforts are hampered by inadequate understanding of how policy tools and actions promote effective policies. The objective of this book is to address this gap in understanding by proposing a causal theory of the linkages between policy actions and policy effects. Adopting a mechanistic perspective, the book identifies the causal processes that activate effects and help achieve goals. It thus offers a powerful analytical tool to both scholars and practitioners of public policy seeking to design effective policies. |
causal loop diagram public health: Pharmaceutical Product Branding Strategies Mark Paich, Corey Peck, Jason Valant, 2009-03-02 This updated Second Edition details how marketers, forecasters, and brand planners can achieve optimal success by building internally consistent simulation models to project future behavior of patients, physicians, and R&D processes. By introducing the reader to the complexities facing many pharmaceutical firms, specifically issue |
causal loop diagram public health: Applied Systems Thinking for Health Systems Research: a Methodological Handbook Don de Savigny, Karl Blanchet, Taghreed Adam, 2017-09-16 Patient safety in health systems has become more and more important as a theme in health research, and so it is not surprising to see a growing interest in applying systems thinking to healthcare. However there is a difficulty – health systems are very complex and constantly adapting to respond to core drivers and fit needs. How do you apply systems thinking in this situation, and what methods are available? National health authorities, international donors and research practitioners need to know the “how-to” of conducting health systems research from a systems thinking perspective. This book will fill this gap and provide a range of tools that give clear guidance of ways to carry out systems thinking in health. These methodologies include: System dynamics and causal loops Network analysis Outcome mapping Soft systems methodology Written by an international team of experts in health research, this handbook will be essential reading for those working in or researching public health, health policy, health systems, global health, service improvement and innovation in practice. |
causal loop diagram public health: Public Health for the 21st Century Louis Rowitz, 2006 Public health has moved to the forefront of national interest and scrutiny in the light of present day events. Public health professionals are now regulars in all forms of media, something unheard of just a few years ago. The issues are well known - bioterrorism, SARS, West Nile Virus - and they are enough to panic a population without skillful leadership. Public Health for the 21st Century: The Prepared Leader examines public health leadership in terms of emergency preparedness and specific skills and tools. As modern-day threats force leaders to look at how they address disasters and drive communities to prepare themselves, this book provides tools and real life cases to hone management skills to prepare agencies to deal with large scale events. |
causal loop diagram public health: Business Modeling David M. Bridgeland, Ron Zahavi, 2008-12-18 As business modeling becomes mainstream, every year more and more companies and government agencies are creating models of their businesses. But creating good business models is not a simple endeavor. Business modeling requires new skills. Written by two business modeling experts, this book shows you how to make your business modeling efforts successful. It provides in-depth coverage of each of the four distinct business modeling disciplines, helping you master them all and understand how to effectively combine them. It also details best practices for working with subject matter experts. And it shows how to develop models, and then analyze, simulate, and deploy them. This is essential, authoritative information that will put you miles ahead of everyone who continues to approach business modeling haphazardly. - Provides in-depth coverage of the four business modeling disciplines: process modeling, motivation modeling, organization modeling, and rules modeling - Offers guidance on how to work effectively with subject matter experts and how to run business modeling workshops - Details today's best practices for building effective business models, and describes common mistakes that should be avoided - Describes standards for each business modeling discipline - Explains how to analyze, simulate, and deploy business models - Includes examples both from the authors' work with clients and from a single running example that spans the book |
causal loop diagram public health: Finding What Works in Health Care Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Standards for Systematic Reviews of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 2011-07-20 Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. |
causal loop diagram public health: Optimum Decision Making in Asset Management Carnero, María Carmen, González-Prida, Vicente, 2016-08-24 Asset management is becoming increasingly important to an organization’s strategy, given its effects on cost, production, and quality. No matter the sector, important decisions are made based on techniques and theories that are thought to optimize results; asset management models and techniques could help maximize effectiveness while reducing risk. Optimum Decision Making in Asset Management posits that effective decision making can be augmented by asset management based on mathematical techniques and models. Resolving the problems associated with minimizing uncertainty, this publication outlines a myriad of methodologies, procedures, case studies, and management tools that can help any organization achieve world-class maintenance. This book is ideal for managers, manufacturing engineers, programmers, academics, and advanced management students. |
causal loop diagram public health: Improving Diagnosis in Health Care National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Diagnostic Error in Health Care, 2015-12-29 Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety. |
causal loop diagram public health: Introduction to Systems Thinking Daniel H. Kim, 1999 |
causal loop diagram public health: The Book of Why Judea Pearl, Dana Mackenzie, 2018-05-15 A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence Correlation is not causation. This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why. |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Archetypes II Daniel H. Kim, 1994 |
causal loop diagram public health: Public Health and Welfare: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications Management Association, Information Resources, 2016-09-12 The prevention and treatment of diseases is a primary concern for any nation in modern society. To maintain an effective public health system, procedures and infrastructure must be analyzed and enhanced accordingly. Public Health and Welfare: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research perspectives on public health initiatives and promotion efforts. Highlighting critical analyses and emerging innovations on an international scale, this book is a pivotal reference source for professionals, researchers, academics, practitioners, and students interested in the improvement of public health infrastructures. |
causal loop diagram public health: Handbook of Systems and Complexity in Health Joachim P Sturmberg, Carmel Martin, 2013-01-09 This book is an introduction to health care as a complex adaptive system, a system that feeds back on itself. The first section introduces systems and complexity theory from a science, historical, epistemological, and technical perspective, describing the principles and mathematics. Subsequent sections build on the health applications of systems science theory, from human physiology to medical decision making, population health and health services research. The aim of the book is to introduce and expand on important population health issues from a systems and complexity perspective, highlight current research developments and their implications for health care delivery, consider their ethical implications, and to suggest directions for and potential pitfalls in the future. |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Thinking and WASH Kate Neely, 2019-02-15 Systems Thinking and WASH introduces practitioners, researchers, programme managers and donors to the tools and approaches that have been most successful in this area. This book explores the different applications of systems thinking used by an interdisciplinary group of WASH researchers and practitioners. |
causal loop diagram public health: Methods for Community Public Health Research Jessica G. Burke, PhD, MHS, Steven Albert, PhD, MSPH, FGSA, FAAN, 2014-03-11 This book presents a new approach to conducting, evaluating, and presenting community and public health research... This is [a] valuable book for learning alternative ways of conducting and disseminating research.--Doody's Medical Reviews The Burke & Albert text is a ìmust-haveî for all community researchers in public health. It contains innovative, community-engaged research methods that are described in an easily understandable manner. Challenging the notion of the quantitative-qualitative dichotomy, the contributors include integrated research methods including spatial analysis, concept mapping, network approaches, system dynamics, visual voice, and news media analysis. This is the first text to advance beyond traditional research methods for promoting community health by presenting a new paradigm that integrates qualitative and quantitative research methods. Written for graduate students of public health and practicing researchers, the book highlights new technologies and methodologies that are particularly suited to addressing complex health issues, translating research into action, and engaging the community and relevant stakeholders. Eschewing the rigid distinction between qualitative and quantitative methods, this new paradigm facilitates a more fluid use of integrated methods and interdisciplinary expertise. With a focus on inferring meaning, the book stresses the conjoint effects of place, time, voice, organization, and scale on health outcomes. Use of these new research methods will provide greater insight into how and why contextual and community factors impact health and aid in developing more effective intervention programs. The text focuses on new methods for inferring meaning from both the quantitative information that characterizes communities and the words community members use to describe their lives. It pays particular attention to data collection and analysis and clearly demonstrates the intricacies of using spatial, systems, and modeling analysis for community health. The first section on inferring meaning from numbers includes spatial analysis, agent-based models, community network analysis, and realist reviews. The second section, about inferring meaning from words, addresses system dynamics, concept mapping, visual voices, and media analysis. Chapters describe, step by step, how to apply new methodologies to pressing health issues and provide Web links to interactive mapping and videos of agent-based models. Additionally, the authors provide examples from their research to support methodological points. Key features: Introduces a new paradigm for community public health research that integrates qualitative and quantitative methods Provides in-depth guidance about applying these new methodologies to pressing community health issues Details applications of new methods such as agent-based simulations, visual voice methods, geospatial analysis, and concept mapping Bridges the disciplines of community health and epidemiology Written for and by multidisciplinary public health scholars |
causal loop diagram public health: Principles of Systems Science George E. Mobus, Michael C. Kalton, 2014-11-10 This pioneering text provides a comprehensive introduction to systems structure, function, and modeling as applied in all fields of science and engineering. Systems understanding is increasingly recognized as a key to a more holistic education and greater problem solving skills, and is also reflected in the trend toward interdisciplinary approaches to research on complex phenomena. While the concepts and components of systems science will continue to be distributed throughout the various disciplines, undergraduate degree programs in systems science are also being developed, including at the authors’ own institutions. However, the subject is approached, systems science as a basis for understanding the components and drivers of phenomena at all scales should be viewed with the same importance as a traditional liberal arts education. Principles of Systems Science contains many graphs, illustrations, side bars, examples, and problems to enhance understanding. From basic principles of organization, complexity, abstract representations, and behavior (dynamics) to deeper aspects such as the relations between information, knowledge, computation, and system control, to higher order aspects such as auto-organization, emergence and evolution, the book provides an integrated perspective on the comprehensive nature of systems. It ends with practical aspects such as systems analysis, computer modeling, and systems engineering that demonstrate how the knowledge of systems can be used to solve problems in the real world. Each chapter is broken into parts beginning with qualitative descriptions that stand alone for students who have taken intermediate algebra. The second part presents quantitative descriptions that are based on pre-calculus and advanced algebra, providing a more formal treatment for students who have the necessary mathematical background. Numerous examples of systems from every realm of life, including the physical and biological sciences, humanities, social sciences, engineering, pre-med and pre-law, are based on the fundamental systems concepts of boundaries, components as subsystems, processes as flows of materials, energy, and messages, work accomplished, functions performed, hierarchical structures, and more. Understanding these basics enables further understanding both of how systems endure and how they may become increasingly complex and exhibit new properties or characteristics. Serves as a textbook for teaching systems fundamentals in any discipline or for use in an introductory course in systems science degree programs Addresses a wide range of audiences with different levels of mathematical sophistication Includes open-ended questions in special boxes intended to stimulate integrated thinking and class discussion Describes numerous examples of systems in science and society Captures the trend towards interdisciplinary research and problem solving |
causal loop diagram public health: Theory at a Glance Karen Glanz, 1997 |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems Concepts in Action Bob Williams, Richard Hummelbrunner, 2010-10-25 Systems Concepts in Action: A Practitioner's Toolkit offers out a wide range of systems methods to help readers investigate, evaluate and intervene in complex messy situations. |
causal loop diagram public health: Principles and Practice of Public Health Surveillance Steven M. Teutsch, R. Elliott Churchill, 2000 This text presents an organized approach to planning, developing, and implementing public health surveillance systems. It has a broad scope, discussing legal and ethical issues as well as technical problems--Jacket cover. |
causal loop diagram public health: Systems thinking: strengthening health systems in practice Kara Durski, Karl Blanchet, Aku Kwamie, Maria Del Rocio Saenz, 2023-12-12 As health systems all over the world not only recover from COVID-19, but learn to adapt to contexts of increasing uncertainty amidst persistent challenges, it is clear that systems thinking has never been needed more. Systems thinking is an approach to problem-solving that views problems as part of a wider dynamic system. It recognizes and prioritizes the understanding of linkages, relationships, interactions and interdependencies among the components of a system that give rise to the system’s observed behaviour. Systems thinking is a philosophical frame, and it can also be considered a method with its own tools. Identifying ways in the short and long-term which strengthen health systems is critical and applied systems thinking offers opportunities to do this. Systems thinking is often considered to be a field, a discipline, a philosophical approach and a set of tools and methods and can be defined as a way to understand and improve complex issues and situations. Despite broad consensus that systems thinking is important in health systems strengthening, it remains underutilized by researchers, public health practitioners and health decision makers. Further, a gap remains in the translation from concept to policy. |
causal loop diagram public health: Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate Jiayuan Wang, Zhikun Ding, Liang Zou, Jian Zuo, 2014-03-12 The Chinese Research Institute of Construction Management (CRIOCM) in collaboration with Shenzhen University (SZU) proudly invites all academics, researchers and professionals to participate in the CRIOCM 2012, the 17th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. We will uphold and preserve the idea and tradition of pragmatism and innovation, to offer an excellent academic and communication platform for academics and professionals to exchange information on the latest developments in real estate and construction management. |
causal loop diagram public health: Health Systems Thinking James A. Johnson, Douglas E. Anderson, Caren C. Rossow, 2018-10-18 This book is a primer focusing on systems thinking as it spans the domains of health administration, public health, and clinical practice. Currently, the accrediting commissions within public health, health administration, and nursing are including systems thinking as part of the core competencies in their respective fields and professions. Meanwhile, academic programs do not have the materials, other than journal articles, to give students the requisite understanding of systems thinking as is expected of the next generation of health professionals. This primer is designed to meet that void and serve as a supplemental reading for this important and timely topic. This is the only book of its kind that provides a broad introduction and demonstration of the application of health systems thinking. |
causal loop diagram public health: Occupational Health and Safety Sharon Clarke, 2016-05-23 Workplace accidents and errors cost organizations hundreds of billions of dollars each year, and the injured workers and their families endure considerable financial and emotional suffering. It's obvious that increasing employee health and safety pays. The accumulating evidence shows that investing in occupational health and safety results in improved financial and social responsibility performance. There are extensive country differences and wide occupational differences in the incidence of accidents and errors. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that every year there are 2.2 million fatal and 270 million non-fatal accidents or occupational diseases worldwide. Occupational Health and Safety looks at the research into what causes accidents and errors in the workplace. In line with other titles in the series, Occupational Health and Safety emphasizes the psychological and behavioral aspects of risk in organizations. It highlights how organizations differ in their health and safety performance, with case studies throughout and best practices. Key elements focus on: employee selection and training, fostering employee understanding, participation and engagement in health and safety matters, developing a health and safety culture at organizational and group/work unit levels, communicating and reinforcing safe workplace practices and bench-marking one's organization against the industry leaders. The contributors to this volume come from various countries, reflecting unique interest and knowledge in particular areas. |
causal loop diagram public health: Urban Geography in Postcolonial Zimbabwe Abraham R. Matamanda, Verna Nel, Innocent Chirisa, 2021-05-07 This interdisciplinary book provides a cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration and assessment of the urban geography perspectives in Zimbabwe. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book not only contributes to academia but also seeks to inform urban policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of Zimbabwe attaining middle-income status by 2030. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment that transcends disciplines such as urban and regional planning, human and physical geography, urban governance, political science, economics and development studies, the book provides a background for co-production concerning urban development in the Global South. The book contributes into its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the urban geography of Zimbabwe, as these are responsible for the evolution of the urban system in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, economy, politics and the wider objectives of the SDGs, especially goal 11 aspiring to create sustainable communities by 2030, are explored. The success stories relating to urban geography in Zimbabwe are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform urban planning, policy and management. |
causal loop diagram public health: Developing Public Health Interventions Ruth Jepson, John mcateer, Andrew James Williams, Larry Doi, Audrey Buelo, 2021-12-01 A highly practical guide to public health intervention development. This book has been developed to assist anyone involved with effective health promotion project design. It cuts through the complex theories and technical frameworks to provide a 6 step formula for creating effective and sustainable interventions. Key features Adopts a pragmatic approach that addresses barriers and challenges to project delivery Utilises the Six Steps in Quality Intervention Development framework - a unique model designed specifically to improve intervention planning Combines the theory and concepts behind intervention development with practical methods of delivery on the ground Includes detailed case studies that provide examples of how the six steps can be used for successful intervention design As the health needs of an increasingly globalised world continue to evolve and shift, effective planning and intervention work will only become more important. Written by leading researchers and experts who draw on a wealth of experience in the field, this book will be essential reading for any student, practitioner or policy maker requiring an understanding of practical intervention design. |
Mapping the dynamics of learning communities about Dutch …
Subsequently, a qualitative causal loop diagram was designed. Results The qualitative causal loop diagram showed three intertwined themes. The first theme explains why group ... ter Bogt …
Participant Guidelines Systems Tools for Complex Health …
Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York City February 2015 This work was coordinated by the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, the World Health …
Systems and Strategic Thinking: Index
causal loop diagram for, 16, 29, 30f cause-and-effect relationship in, 21 systems thinking approach to, 29 objectives setting, 49 SMART, 49, 72 strategic, 72–73 ... “Public Health 3.0: A Call to …
EUR Research Information Portal - Erasmus University …
a Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands b National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, …
The Mental Health Outcomes of Drought: A Systematic …
theory, including prevention planning, public health programming, vulnerability and risk assessment, and research question guidance. ... mental health; causal process diagram 1. …
Systems Thinking in 49 Communities Related to Healthy …
health behaviors, partnership and community capacity, and social determinants. In a synthesized causal loop diagram representing variables identi ed by at least 20% of the communities, many …
Introduction to Causal Directed Acyclic Graphs - Stanford …
Jan 28, 2019 · • The most important aspect of constructing a causal DAG is to include on the DAG any common cause of any other 2 variables on the DAG. • Variables that only causally …
Microsoft Word - Vermaal-Causal Loop Diagrams …
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Tutorial on How to Develop Stock-and-Flow using Vensim
Demonstrate the development of a stock-and-flow diagram in Vensim through a public health example Objectives 2 ! Vensim (www.vensim.com) ! PLE version (FREE) can be used to build …
Systems Archetype Basics: From Story to Structure - The …
either reinforcing or balancing processes. Each loop contains variable names that represent components of the system that change over time, cause-and-effect relationships among the …
Population Health, Epidemiology, and Public Health: …
causal loop diagram, A3 framework, and root ... • Effective public health management strategies to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 • Select population health approaches implemented by …
Dynamics of Parental Opioid Use and Children's Health and …
to better understand the causes and effects of this complex and evolving public health crisis. The effects of this crisis on people using opioids, maternal prenatal opioid exposure, and neonatal …
A Causal View of the Role and Potential Limitations of …
catchment area. To provide insight into the implications of this transition, we developed a causal loop diagram (CLD) to represent a causal hypothesis of the complex relationship between RM …
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
causal loop diagram, complexity, culture, drug problem, Mexico, resiliency, system dynamics 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 99 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT …
Applying a system dynamics modelling approach to explore …
Results: We developed a neonatal health simulation model (NEOSIM) to explore potential interventions that could possibly improve neonatal health within a health system context. The …
Causal diagrams Joffe - Evidence-based Public Health
Causal diagrams for evaluation of public health interventions Michael Joffe Imperial College London Munich, November 2010 Transport-related health problems Respiratory morbidity & …
Improving urban water management and building water …
Section 6 represents this complexity through an overarching Causal Loop Diagram comprising of 5 subsystems based on the evidence from the diverse contexts considered. This allows …
Staff retention and job satisfaction at a hospital clinic
The first tentative causal loops were built on the reported findings of the organisational study. The interview notes were reviewed to confirm and develop causal diagrams portraying the …
Utilizing Causal Loop Diagramming to Explore a Research …
them, and (3) the use of causal loop diagrams as a method to understand SiREN and inform evaluation. Frontiers in Public Health | www.frontiersin.org 2 May 2022 | Volume 10 | Article …
USING CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS TO DEAL WITH COMPLEX …
4 Walk through the diagram; redraw it as a recognizable set of circles 5 Deduce and discuss points of leverage & monitoring. POST Testing and using your diagram to affect change Table …
Causal Pathway Diagrams - ImpSciMethods.org
What is a causal pathway diagram? Causal pathway diagrams (CPDs) are a tool to help implementation scientists to develop, select, optimize, and evaluate implementation strategies, …
System s Thinkin g Basics - Sabanci Univ
Anatomy of a Causal Loop Diagram 52 Building a Causal Loop Diagram 58 About Multiloop Diagrams 64 LEARNING ACTIVITIES 65 1: The Case of the Plateauing Profits 65 2: The Case …
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Five Vicious Cycles that Inhibit ...
dynamics methodology, we offer an illustrative causal loop diagram that demonstrates 5 major barriers for ef-fective intervention in PTSD. The model reflects shared knowledge of an …
Understanding the system dynamics of obesity-related
University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 7Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), Amsterdam, Netherlands Introduction and Methods: To develop an understanding of the …
A system dynamics approach to understand Dutch …
Poor adolescent sleep health is increasingly recognized as a major public health concern and can be considered a complex problem [13]. It emerges via a dynamic interplay of many …
Basics of Causal Loop Diagrams
Causal Loop Structure : Dynamic Implications •Each loop in a causal loop diagram is associated with qualitative dynamic behavior •Most Common Single-Loop Modes of Dynamic Behavior …
What drives the involvement of young - The University of …
causal loop diagram) to understand the following: • ... from national public health bodies, third sector organisations, and the commercial sector) ... The system map reflects the views of …
Follow the Arrows: Using a Co-Created Causal Loop Diagram …
most cost-effective strategies to improve health and prevent non-communicable disease (NCD), yet implementation and multisec-toral coordination are lacking around the world.1 The need for …
MIT Open Access Articles
Depression is a complex public health problem with considerable variation in treatment response. The systemic complexity of depression, or the feedback processes among diverse ...
Model Dinamis Analisis Keputusan Penanganan Penyebaran …
causes of these factors using the method of approach that uses the Cause Circle Diagram (CLD) system. ). The purpose of this research is to get the right solution in making decisions to …
Causal Loop Diagram Public Health - hmis.intrahealth
Causal Loop Diagram Public Health 2 Causal Loop Diagram Public Health Balakrishnan Andrew P. Sage Matthew S. Weber Bilash Kanti Bala D. N. Gupta V. K. Agnihotri Kara Durski Leiyu Shi …
Understanding the Impacts of Incarceration on Health
• Reinforcing Loop 3 – High rates of incarceration impair community health. 4. The map of the three loops represents a first step in exploring the question of how incarceration impacts …
A System Dynamics Approach for Value Chain Analysis in the ...
variables were translated to the dynamic hypotheses and constitute the causal loop diagram. Then, stock and flow diagram was formulated in form of the differential equations. To validate …
Quantifying reciprocal relationships between poverty and …
Background This study takes on the challenge of quantifying a complex causal loop diagram describing how pov-erty and health aect each other, and does so using longitudinal data from …
How to Draw Causal Loop Diagrams - ESCAP
How to Read a Feedback Loop Diagram Words A local effort at water conservation produced positive results.Over time, there was general awareness of positive results.Awareness boosted …
Reducing personal protective equipment waste in the …
a causal loop diagram of drivers of PPE waste and use this diagram to codesign actions to address this waste. The study setting was an ED of a large regional health ... BMJ Public …
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) - Universiteit van …
developing a conceptual model that visualises the mapping of causal links within a system, e.g. a causal loop diagram (CLD). While this is an important contribution in itself, it is imperative to …
Mapping the dynamics of learning communities about Dutch …
Subsequently, a qualitative causal loop diagram was designed. Results The qualitative causal loop diagram showed three intertwined themes. The first theme explains why group ... ter Bogt …
The value of a causal loop diagram in exploring the complex …
Finally, a causal loop diagram was created to visualise the complex array of feedback loops in the multisectoral health system that influenced HP policy and practice. ... Build healthy public …
A Short Handbook Causal Loop Diagrams - Cascade Institute
Jun 27, 2024 · Causal loop diagrams involve two types of connection: positive causal relationships and. negative causal relationships. The Figures below (including those in the …
Public Health & Health Care Systems
public health issue in a format other than standard narrative Students must apply a systems thinking tool such as a causal loop diagram, systems archetype, network analysis, or concept …
CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS A tool for visualizing the system …
A Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) is a visual representation of a dynamic hypothesis. The CLD consists of causal linkages among elements of a system (or ... In public health, stocks
System dynamics modelling of waste management system - JSD
collection activities. Thirteen quantities were identified and a causal loop diagram was developed for the system. Thereafter a stock and flow diagram was developed for the system and this …
Using systems science to understand the determinants of
The disciplinary backgrounds of the expert group included public health and epidemiology; population nutrition; health economics; social marketing, and public policy. This disciplinary …
System Dynamics - courses.edx.org
Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) SD specificities Two examples Overview. Method for modeling and ... Health policy. Energy policy. Resource dynamics and management. Environmental policy ...
Sarah D. Mills, PhD, MPH - UNC Gillings School of Global …
Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 305 Rosenau Hall CB# 7440 Chapel Hill, NC 27599 ... A causal loop diagram of smoking among racial/ethnic …
ii474 European Journal of Public Health, Volume 33
1School of Public Health, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan Contact: alua_1912@mail.ru Background: ... Belfast, Northern Ireland: Causal Loop Diagram Ruth Hunter
Towards m odeling health effects of urban densification
In this project, through an iterative process, a simulation model on health effects of densification of a municipality’s sub-district was developed and, using that model, scenarios were developed. …
Population Health Data Science, Complexity, and Health …
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or in rmity. Public Health (IOM 1988) Public health is what we, as a society, do …
PG03 Guidelines for Drawing Causal Loop Diagrams - The …
direction, and “o” a causal change in the opposite direction. Causal loop diagrams are composed of a combination of balancing (“B”) and reinforcing (“R”) loops. A balancing process is goal …