Credit And Political Risk Insurance

  credit and political risk insurance: A Guide to Trade Credit Insurance The International Credit Insurance & Surety Association, 2015-06-01 ‘A Guide to Trade Credit Insurance’ is a reference book on trade credit insurance, written from an international perspective. It is a compilation of contributions from various authors and reviewers drawn from ICISA member companies. The book provides an overview of the whole process regarding trade credit insurance, including the history of trade credit insurance, trade credit insurance providers, the underwriting process, premium calculation, claims handling, case studies and a glossary of terminology.
  credit and political risk insurance: Measuring Political Risk Charlotte H. Brink, 2017-03-02 Offering a fresh, transparent approach encompassing new material, this invigorating volume measures political risk - for instance the risk that foreign investment might face in any country. It also demonstrates how progress or regress made in good governance initiatives as conditionalities to aid can be assessed. Governments can monitor their own policy environment(s), and take remedial action if necessary. The methodology allows for measurement of previously un-quantified 'soft' factors that add to the risks foreign investors might face, demonstrating why these factors are of importance to both risk assertive and risk averse investors. Features include: - 103 contextualized, measurable risk factors and their 411 risk factor indicators. - Guidelines to using these factors in order to perform generic macro analyses, or micro, client/project/industry-specific analyses. - Explanation of the methodology with which to comprehensively measure the probability of risk occurring in any macro or micro investment climate.
  credit and political risk insurance: Export Credit Insurance and Guarantees Z. Salcic, 2014-04-03 The first practitioner handbook on export credit insurance and guarantees, providing manufacturers, exporters, bankers, and lawyers with a much needed resource. The book contains descriptions and analyses of almost every type of export credit insurance and guarantee used in international trade with explanations about the risks inherent in each.
  credit and political risk insurance: Political Risk Condoleezza Rice, Amy B. Zegart, 2018-05-01 From New York Times bestselling author and former U.S. secretary of state Condoleezza Rice and Stanford University professor Amy B. Zegart comes an examination of the rapidly evolving state of political risk, and how to navigate it. The world is changing fast. Political risk-the probability that a political action could significantly impact a company's business-is affecting more businesses in more ways than ever before. A generation ago, political risk mostly involved a handful of industries dealing with governments in a few frontier markets. Today, political risk stems from a widening array of actors, including Twitter users, local officials, activists, terrorists, hackers, and more. The very institutions and laws that were supposed to reduce business uncertainty and risk are often having the opposite effect. In today's globalized world, there are no safe bets. POLITICAL RISK investigates and analyzes this evolving landscape, what businesses can do to navigate it, and what all of us can learn about how to better understand and grapple with these rapidly changing global political dynamics. Drawing on lessons from the successes and failures of companies across multiple industries as well as examples from aircraft carrier operations, NASA missions, and other unusual places, POLITICAL RISK offers a first-of-its-kind framework that can be deployed in any organization, from startups to Fortune 500 companies. Organizations that take a serious, systematic approach to political risk management are likely to be surprised less often and recover better. Companies that don't get these basics right are more likely to get blindsided.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Handbook of Global Trade Policy Andreas Klasen, 2023-01-04 Provides a state-of-the-art overview of international trade policy research The Handbook of Global Trade Policy offers readers a comprehensive resource for the study of international trade policy, governance, and financing. This timely and authoritative work presents contributions from a team of prominent experts that assess the policy implications of recent academic research on the subject. Discussions of contemporary research in fields such as economics, international business, international relations, law, and global politics help readers develop an expansive, interdisciplinary knowledge of 21st century foreign trade. Accessible for students, yet relevant for practitioners and researchers, this book expertly guides readers through essential literature in the field while highlighting new connections between social science research and global policy-making. Authoritative chapters address new realities of the global trade environment, global governance and international institutions, multilateral trade agreements, regional trade in developing countries, value chains in the Pacific Rim, and more. Designed to provide a well-rounded survey of the subject, this book covers financing trade such as export credit arrangements in developing economies, export insurance markets, climate finance, and recent initiatives of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This state-of-the-art overview: Integrates new data and up-to-date research in the field Offers an interdisciplinary approach to examining global trade policy Introduces fundamental concepts of global trade in an understandable style Combines contemporary economic, legal, financial, and policy topics Presents a wide range of perspectives on current issues surrounding trade practices and policies The Handbook of Global Trade Policy is a valuable resource for students, professionals, academics, researchers, and policy-makers in all areas of international trade, economics, business, and finance.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Handbook of Insurance-Linked Securities Pauline Barrieu, Luca Albertini, 2010-06-15 Luca Albertini and Pauline Barrieu are to be congratulated on this volume. Written in a period where structured projects in finance are having a difficult time, it is worthwhile to return to the cradle of securitisation: insurance. Spread out over three parts (life, non- life, and tax and regulatory issues) the 26 chapters, written mainly by practitioners, give an excellent overview of this challenging field of modern insurance. Methodology and examples nicely go hand in hand. The overall slant being towards actual analyses of concrete products. No doubt this book will become a milestone going forward for actuarial students, researchers, regulators and practitioners alike. —Paul Embrechts, Professor of Mathematics and Director of RiskLab, ETH Zurich The convergence of insurance with the capital markets has opened up an alternative channel for insurers to transfer risk, raise capital and optimize their regulatory reserves as well as offering institutions a source of relatively liquid investment with limited correlation with other exposures. One of the financial instruments allowing for the cession of insurance-related risks to the capital markets is Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS). This book provides hands-on information essential for market participants, drawing on the insights and expertise of an impressive team of international market players, representing the various aspects and perspectives of this growing sector. The book presents the state of the art in Insurance-Linked Securitization, by exploring the various roles for the different parties involved in the transactions, the motivation for the transaction sponsors, the potential inherent pitfalls, the latest developments and transaction structures and the key challenges faced by the market. The book is organized into parts, each covering a specific topic or sector of the market. After a general overview of the ILS market, the Insurance-Linked Securitization process is studied in detail. A distinction is made between non-life and life securitization, due to the specificities of each sector. The process and all the actors involved are identified and considered in a comprehensive and systematic way. The concepts are first looked at in a general way, before the analysis of relevant case studies where the ILS technology is applied. Particular focus is given to: the key stages in both non-life and life securitizations, including the general features of the transactions, the cedant's perspectives, the legal issues, the rating methodologies, the choice of an appropriate trigger and the risk modeling, the particular challenges related to longevity securitization, the investor's perspective and the question of the management of a portfolio of ILS, the general issues related to insurance-linked securitization, such as accounting and tax issues, regulatory issues and solvency capital requirements. The book is accompanied by a website www.wiley.com/go/albertini_barrieu_ILS which will feature updates and additions to the various contributions to follow market developments.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Economic Theory of Risk and Insurance Allan H. Willett, 2016-11-11 This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.
  credit and political risk insurance: International Investment, Political Risk, and Dispute Resolution Noah Rubins, Thomas Nektarios Papanastasiou, N. Stephan Kinsella, 2020 A vital text for practitioners and academics this book integrates the international law of political risk with the domestic, political, and economic considerations central to assessing risk. It offers a detailed analysis of pre-investment decisions that can reduce political risk, treaties protecting investment, and international dispute resolution.
  credit and political risk insurance: World Investment and Political Risk 2013 Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, 2014 Annotation Breach of contract is a hot topic in risk management, especially in the context of Public-Private Partnerships for large utility, infrastructure, or mineral resource exploitation projects around the world. Some claims are related to economic crisis, but more often disputes arise from political change, privatization reviews, environmental regulations and governance/corruption issues. Some recent high profile cases involving government tariff renegotiations and award settlements underline the importance of this topic for international investors. Claims of breach of contract often bring about an abrupt termination of activities or force contract renegotiations that subtsantially alter the original terms of the deal and projected financial validity. This study offers significant new data and analysis to allow an informed assessement of current developments and underlying trends, in a new collaboration between the World Bank Group (IBRD, MIGA, and ICSID) and Washington University in St. Louis.
  credit and political risk insurance: Insurance and Issues in Financial Soundness Nigel Davies, Richard Podpiera, Mr.Udaibir S. Das, 2003-07-01 This paper explores insurance as a source of financial system vulnerability. It provides a brief overview of the insurance industry and reviews the risks it faces, as well as several recent failures of insurance companies that had systemic implications. Assimilation of banking-type activities by life insurers appears to be the key systemic vulnerability. Building on this experience and the experience gained under the FSAP, the paper proposes key indicators that should be compiled and used for surveillance of financial soundness of insurance companies and the insurance sector as a whole.
  credit and political risk insurance: Managing Credit Risk John B. Caouette, Edward I. Altman, Paul Narayanan, 1998-11-03 The first full analysis of the latest advances in managing credit risk. Against a backdrop of radical industry evolution, the authors of Managing Credit Risk: The Next Great Financial Challenge provide a concise and practical overview of these dramatic market and technical developments in a book which is destined to become a standard reference in the field. -Thomas C. Wilson, Partner, McKinsey & Company, Inc. Managing Credit Risk is an outstanding intellectual achievement. The authors have provided investors a comprehensive view of the state of credit analysis at the end of the millennium. -Martin S. Fridson, Financial Analysts Journal. This book provides a comprehensive review of credit risk management that should be compulsory reading for not only those who are responsible for such risk but also for financial analysts and investors. An important addition to a significant but neglected subject. -B.J. Ranson, Senior Vice-President, Portfolio Management, Bank of Montreal. The phenomenal growth of the credit markets has spawned a powerful array of new instruments for managing credit risk, but until now there has been no single source of information and commentary on them. In Managing Credit Risk, three highly regarded professionals in the field have-for the first time-gathered state-of-the-art information on the tools, techniques, and vehicles available today for managing credit risk. Throughout the book they emphasize the actual practice of managing credit risk, and draw on the experience of leading experts who have successfully implemented credit risk solutions. Starting with a lucid analysis of recent sweeping changes in the U.S. and global financial markets, this comprehensive resource documents the credit explosion and its remarkable opportunities-as well as its potentially devastating dangers. Analyzing the problems that have occurred during its growth period-S&L failures, business failures, bond and loan defaults, derivatives debacles-and the solutions that have enabled the credit market to continue expanding, Managing Credit Risk examines the major players and institutional settings for credit risk, including banks, insurance companies, pension funds, exchanges, clearinghouses, and rating agencies. By carefully delineating the different perspectives of each of these groups with respect to credit risk, this unique resource offers a comprehensive guide to the rapidly changing marketplace for credit products. Managing Credit Risk describes all the major credit risk management tools with regard to their strengths and weaknesses, their fitness to specific financial situations, and their effectiveness. The instruments covered in each of these detailed sections include: credit risk models based on accounting data and market values; models based on stock price; consumer finance models; models for small business; models for real estate, emerging market corporations, and financial institutions; country risk models; and more. There is an important analysis of default results on corporate bonds and loans, and credit rating migration. In all cases, the authors emphasize that success will go to those firms that employ the right tools and create the right kind of risk culture within their organizations. A strong concluding chapter integrates emerging trends in the financial markets with the new methods in the context of the overall credit environment. Concise, authoritative, and lucidly written, Managing Credit Risk is essential reading for bankers, regulators, and financial market professionals who face the great new challenges-and promising rewards-of credit risk management.
  credit and political risk insurance: Financing Clean Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa Bruno Michoud, Manfred Hafner, 2021-07-15 This open access book analyses barriers and challenges associated with the financing of clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa. By considering various economic, financial, political, environmental and social factors, it explores the consequences of energy poverty across the region and maps the real and perceived investment risks for potential capital providers, both domestic and international. Furthermore, it analyses risk mitigation strategies and innovative financing structures available to the public and private sectors, which are aimed at leveraging capital in the clean energy sector at scale and fostering the creation of an enabling business and investment environment. More specifically, the present book analyses how to (i) enhance capital allocation in projects and organisations that foster clean energy access in the region, (ii) mobilize private capital at scale and (iii) decrease the cost of financing through risk mitigation strategies. Going beyond traditional approaches, the book also considers socioeconomic and cultural aspects associated with investment barriers across the subcontinent. Moreover, it urges the public and private spheres to become more actively involved in tackling this pressing development issue, and provides policy recommendations for the public sector, including proposals for business model evolution at multilateral agencies and development institutions. It will appeal to a wide readership of both academics and professionals working in the energy industry, the financial sector and the political sphere, as well as to general readers interested in the ongoing debate about energy, sustainable development and finance.
  credit and political risk insurance: Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure Financing and Recent Trends and Developments Tomoko Matsukawa, Odo Habeck, 2007-01-01 Although the importance of infrastructure sectors in achieving economic growth and poverty reduction is well established, raising debt and equity capital for infrastructure development and service provision has been a challenge for developing countries. Risk mitigation instruments facilitate the mobilization of commercial debt and equity capital by transferring risks that private financiers would not be willing to take to third-party official and private institutions that are capable of taking such risks. There has been increasing interest and discussion on risk mitigation instruments in the context of infrastructure financing among developing country governments, multi- and bilateral donors, and the private sector. However, due to the complex and diverse nature of risk mitigation instruments, what they can and cannot offer and how they can best be utilized for infrastructure financing are not well understood. This book summarizes existing risk mitigation instruments - primarily focusing on those offered by multilateral and bilateral official agencies - and presents recent trends and developments that make these guarantee and insurance products valuable in securing financing for infrastructure projects in developing countries. Topics covered include: Descriptions of different types of risk mitigation instruments characteristics of multilateral, bilateral, and private providers of risk mitigation instruments and compatability of instruments Recent developments and innovative applications of risk mitigation instruments through case transactions areas that pose challenges to the use of risk mitigation instruments as catalysts of infrastructure development.ucture projects and finance.
  credit and political risk insurance: International Political Risk Management Theodore H. Moran, 2001-01-01 The purpose of this report is to present the ideas and experiences of some of the most distinguished practitioners from the investor, financial, and investment insurance communities in the world. To assist the reader, this volume's editor provides a brief overview to introduce each of the separate topics. Topics focus on the multiple pledge-of-shares problem; the preferred creditor status; breach of contract coverage in infrastructure projects, and OPIC modified expropriation coverage (using an Indonesian case study); securitizing political risk insurance; and cooperation, competition, and the science of pricing in the political risk insurance marketplace. -- Publisher description.
  credit and political risk insurance: Reports of Overseas Private Investment Corporation Determinations Michael D. Nolan, 2011 This comprehensive two-volume work is a collection of determinations from OPIC, the US governmental political risk insurance provider, in the form of its Memoranda of Determinations from 1966 through to 2010. An important part of international investment law and policy is the political risk insurance coverage provided to international investors by their home states and multilateral organizations such as the World Bank. These programs are of crucial importance to the growth of international investment flows and the development of international investment law. The insurance claim decisions and as a result this area of international law has received disproportionately little attention. This reference work is the first to make the underlying primary material available to the investment law, political risk and academic communities. The authors have made the claims determinations more accessible with the inclusion of headnote summaries for all determinations. The determinations reflect the decisions of OPIC under US and international law and therefore have a significant impact on its future claims determinations. They reveal what types of claims have been honored for expropriation, political violence or convertibility/transferability restrictions. Users of political risk insurance worldwide will find this collection invaluable in understanding what events are and are not in fact covered, and deciding whether to obtain insurance coverage. These OPIC determinations will also contribute to the development of arbitral jurisprudence regarding government actions that are alleged to be in violation of investment protections found in investment treaties and investment law. They are additionally of interest in the context of the presentation and determination of future OPIC claims and decision making by other political risk insurance providers.
  credit and political risk insurance: Principles of Project Finance E. R. Yescombe, 2013-11-13 The Second Edition of this best-selling introduction for practitioners uses new material and updates to describe the changing environment for project finance. Integrating recent developments in credit markets with revised insights into making project finance deals, the second edition offers a balanced view of project financing by combining legal, contractual, scheduling, and other subjects. Its emphasis on concepts and techniques makes it critical for those who want to succeed in financing large projects. With extensive cross-references and a comprehensive glossary, the Second Edition presents anew a guide to the principles and practical issues that can commonly cause difficulties in commercial and financial negotiations. - Provides a basic introduction to project finance and its relationship with other financing techniques - Describes and explains: sources of project finance; typical commercial contracts (e.g., for construction of the project and sale of its product or services) and their effects on project-finance structures; project-finance risk assessment from the points of view of lenders, investors, and other project parties; how lenders and investors evaluate the risks and returns on a project; the rôle of the public sector in public-private partnerships and other privately-financed infrastructure projects; how all these issues are dealt with in the financing agreements
  credit and political risk insurance: Public Actors in International Investment Law Catharine Titi, 2021 This open access book focuses on public actors with a role in the settlement of investment disputes. Traditional studies on actors in international investment law have tended to concentrate on arbitrators, claimant investors and respondent states. Yet this focus on the principal players in investment dispute settlement has allowed a number of other seminal actors to be neglected. This book seeks to redress this imbalance by turning the spotlight on the latter. From the investor's home state to domestic courts, from sub-national governments to international organisations, and from political risk insurance agencies to legal defence teams in national ministries, the book critically reviews these overlooked public actors in international investment law.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Handbook of International Trade and Finance Anders Grath, 2011-12-03 Designed for use by anyone involved in international sales, finance, shipping and administration, The Handbook of International Trade and Finance provides a full explanation of the key areas of international trade - including risk management, international payments and currency management. It is an essential reference source that will help to reduce risks and improve cashflow, identify the most competitive finance alternatives, structure the best payment terms, and minimize finance and transaction costs. Coverage includes: trade risks and risk assessment; methods of payment; currency risk; export credit insurance; trade finance; and terms of payment. Designed for all businesses, regardless of size and business sector, the book also describes the negotiating process from the perspectives of both the buyer and the seller - providing valuable insight into the complete financing process.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Spatial Dimension of Risk Hans-Detlef M?ller-Mahn, 2013 Through its exploration of the spatial dimension of risk, this book offers a brand new approach to theorizing risk, and significant improvements in how to manage, tolerate and take risks. A broad range of risks are examined, including natural hazards, climate change, political violence, and state failure. Case studies range from the Congo to Central Asia, from tsunami in Japan and civil war affected areas in Sri Lanka to avalanche hazards in Austria. In each of these cases, the authors examine the importance and role of space in the causes and differentiation of risk, in how we can conceptualize risk from a spatial perspective and in the relevance of space and locality for risk governance. This new approach - endorsed by Ragnar Löfstedt and Ortwin Renn, two of the world's leading and most prolific risk analysts - is essential reading for those charged with studying, anticipating and managing risks.
  credit and political risk insurance: Credit Guarantees Michael Gudger, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998 The problem of collateral is a daily issue for lenders and causes much debate in the development finance community. Given the difficulties experienced in arranging traditional forms of loan security, such as land or chattel mortgages, various collateral substitutes have been proposed. Among the substitutes for traditional collateral is the loan guarantee. Guarantee systems for loans have been proposed, planned and implemented in various countries. The assumption made by proponents of such a service is that the guarantee organization is either better informed about the risk of the loan than the lender or it is better structured financially to be able to manage the risk. Despite the apparent attractiveness of a loan guarantee, the empirical evidence available gives little encouragement. Nevertheless, interest in guarantees continues.
  credit and political risk insurance: The First Million the Hardest Arthur B. Farquhar, Samuel Crowther, 1922
  credit and political risk insurance: Maintaining Financial Stability in Times of Risk and Uncertainty Behl, Abhishek, Nayak, Sushma, 2018-12-04 Risks and uncertainties?market, financial, operational, social, humanitarian, environmental, and institutional?are the inherent realities of the modern world. Stock market crashes, demonetization of currency, and climate change constitute just a few examples that can adversely impact financial institutions across the globe. To mitigate these risks and avoid a financial crisis, a better understanding of how the economy responds to uncertainties is needed. Maintaining Financial Stability in Times of Risk and Uncertainty is an essential reference source that discusses how risks and uncertainties affect the financial stability and security of individuals and institutions, as well as probable solutions to mitigate risk and achieve financial resilience under uncertainty. Featuring research on topics such as financial fraud, insurance ombudsman, and Knightian uncertainty, this book is developed for researchers, academicians, policymakers, students, and scholars.
  credit and political risk insurance: Credit Risk Darrell Duffie, Kenneth J. Singleton, 2012-01-12 In this book, two of America's leading economists provide the first integrated treatment of the conceptual, practical, and empirical foundations for credit risk pricing and risk measurement. Masterfully applying theory to practice, Darrell Duffie and Kenneth Singleton model credit risk for the purpose of measuring portfolio risk and pricing defaultable bonds, credit derivatives, and other securities exposed to credit risk. The methodological rigor, scope, and sophistication of their state-of-the-art account is unparalleled, and its singularly in-depth treatment of pricing and credit derivatives further illuminates a problem that has drawn much attention in an era when financial institutions the world over are revising their credit management strategies. Duffie and Singleton offer critical assessments of alternative approaches to credit-risk modeling, while highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of current practice. Their approach blends in-depth discussions of the conceptual foundations of modeling with extensive analyses of the empirical properties of such credit-related time series as default probabilities, recoveries, ratings transitions, and yield spreads. Both the structura and reduced-form approaches to pricing defaultable securities are presented, and their comparative fits to historical data are assessed. The authors also provide a comprehensive treatment of the pricing of credit derivatives, including credit swaps, collateralized debt obligations, credit guarantees, lines of credit, and spread options. Not least, they describe certain enhancements to current pricing and management practices that, they argue, will better position financial institutions for future changes in the financial markets. Credit Risk is an indispensable resource for risk managers, traders or regulators dealing with financial products with a significant credit risk component, as well as for academic researchers and students.
  credit and political risk insurance: Assessing the Enabling Environment for Disaster Risk Financing Asian Development Bank, 2020-06-01 Disasters damage and destroy infrastructure and disrupt economic activities and services, potentially delaying long-term development and hampering efforts to reduce poverty in the region. Countries require a strong enabling environment for disaster risk financing to ensure the timely availability of post-disaster funding. This report presents a comprehensive diagnostics tool kit that countries can apply to assess the financial management of disaster risk. The framework examines the state of the enabling environment and provides a basis to enhance financial resilience with insurance and other risk transfer instruments. It incorporates lessons from the country diagnostics assessments for Fiji, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka that made use of the tool kit and methodology.
  credit and political risk insurance: Risk Management for Enterprises and Individuals Baranoff, Patrick L. Brockett, Yehuda Kahane, 2009
  credit and political risk insurance: The Handbook of Credit Risk Management Sylvain Bouteille, Diane Coogan-Pushner, 2012-12-17 A comprehensive guide to credit risk management The Handbook of Credit Risk Management presents a comprehensive overview of the practice of credit risk management for a large institution. It is a guide for professionals and students wanting a deeper understanding of how to manage credit exposures. The Handbook provides a detailed roadmap for managing beyond the financial analysis of individual transactions and counterparties. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, the authors outline how to manage a portfolio of credit exposures--from origination and assessment of credit fundamentals to hedging and pricing. The Handbook is relevant for corporations, pension funds, endowments, asset managers, banks and insurance companies alike. Covers the four essential aspects of credit risk management: Origination, Credit Risk Assessment, Portfolio Management and Risk Transfer. Provides ample references to and examples of credit market services as a resource for those readers having credit risk responsibilities. Designed for busy professionals as well as finance, risk management and MBA students. As financial transactions grow more complex, proactive management of credit portfolios is no longer optional for an institution, but a matter of survival.
  credit and political risk insurance: Loss and Damage from Climate Change Reinhard Mechler, Laurens M. Bouwer, Thomas Schinko, Swenja Surminski, JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer, 2018-11-28 This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue• highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management. • presents salient case studies from around the world.
  credit and political risk insurance: Risk Management and Regulation Tobias Adrian, 2018-08-01 The evolution of risk management has resulted from the interplay of financial crises, risk management practices, and regulatory actions. In the 1970s, research lay the intellectual foundations for the risk management practices that were systematically implemented in the 1980s as bond trading revolutionized Wall Street. Quants developed dynamic hedging, Value-at-Risk, and credit risk models based on the insights of financial economics. In parallel, the Basel I framework created a level playing field among banks across countries. Following the 1987 stock market crash, the near failure of Salomon Brothers, and the failure of Drexel Burnham Lambert, in 1996 the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the Market Risk Amendment to the Basel I Capital Accord; the amendment went into effect in 1998. It led to a migration of bank risk management practices toward market risk regulations. The framework was further developed in the Basel II Accord, which, however, from the very beginning, was labeled as being procyclical due to the reliance of capital requirements on contemporaneous volatility estimates. Indeed, the failure to measure and manage risk adequately can be viewed as a key contributor to the 2008 global financial crisis. Subsequent innovations in risk management practices have been dominated by regulatory innovations, including capital and liquidity stress testing, macroprudential surcharges, resolution regimes, and countercyclical capital requirements.
  credit and political risk insurance: A Primer on Managing Sovereign Debt-Portfolio Risks Thordur Jonasson, Mr.Michael G. Papaioannou, 2018-04-06 This paper provides an overview of sovereign debt portfolio risks and discusses various liability management operations (LMOs) and instruments used by public debt managers to mitigate these risks. Debt management strategies analyzed in the context of helping reach debt portfolio targets and attain desired portfolio structures. Also, the paper outlines how LMOs could be integrated into a debt management strategy and serve as policy tools to reduce potential debt portfolio vulnerabilities. Further, the paper presents operational issues faced by debt managers, including the need to develop a risk management framework, interactions of debt management with fiscal policy, monetary policy, and financial stability, as well as efficient government bond markets.
  credit and political risk insurance: Fundamentals of Risk and Insurance Emmett J. Vaughan, Curtis Miller Elliott, 1978 This classic, comprehensive book is divided into three sections. The first section examines the concept of risk, the nature of the insurance device, and the principles of risk management. This section also provides an overview of the insurance industry. The second section examines the traditional fields of life and health insurance as solutions to the risks connected with the loss of income. The Social Security system, workers compensation, and other social insurance coverages are discussed. The final section deals with the risks associated with the ownership of property and legal liability. Updated to reflect the changes in the field of insurance since 1996, and a listing of Web sites of interest.
  credit and political risk insurance: Trade and Receivables Finance Stephen A. Jones, 2018-11-13 Trade and Receivable Finance provides the definitive practical guide to the evaluation and mitigation of risk and the financing of international trade. This authoritative manual is built upon more than 42 years of experience in the trade and receivables finance market and carries the endorsement of The London Institute of Banking and Finance. The contents are comprehensive incorporating clause examples, specimen documents, financier checklists and diagrams. The traditional method of commercial lending assessment places primary importance on the ability of the borrower to repay the financier. However, this form of evaluation often results in insufficient credit appetite to release the required level of financial support for a company involved in cross border trade. When a trade-related proposition is properly evaluated so that the transactional risks are fully understood and mitigated to an acceptable level, and the source of repayment is identifiable and considered reliable, a well-structured trade and receivables finance facility reduces the risk of default when compared to conventional lending products and can generate additional credit appetite. This book will become a constant ‘go-to’ companion for transaction banking teams, bank relationship managers, specialist client-facing trade and invoice finance specialists, middle and back office trade advisory personnel, credit analysts, alternative market financiers, export development agencies and credit insurers. The techniques described in this book are applied to an extensive range of international trade scenarios inThe Trade and Receivables Finance Companion: A Collection of Case Studies and Solutions (Palgrave, 2020).
  credit and political risk insurance: Strategic Directions for Human Development in Papua New Guinea World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Australian Agency for International Development, 2007 There is an emerging consensus in Papua New Guinea, both at governmental level and among civil society, that human development outcomes are far less than satisfactory and that the quality of basic service provision in health and education needs to be improved. This publication examines options for improving service delivery which are compatible with the country's economic, geographic, social and cultural background.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Political Risk Insurance Act of 1983 United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Finance and Monetary Policy, 1983
  credit and political risk insurance: Overseas Investment and Political Risk Dan Haendel, Gerald Thomas West, Robert G. Meadow, 1975
  credit and political risk insurance: Inside the World's Export Credit Agencies William Arthur Delphos, 2004 This book provides a brief explanation of the government agencies programmes (i.e. type of export financing, eligibility, terms, fees, etc.) and specific contact information for next step action. In addition, there are a number of case studies that provide examples of how these government programs have successfully been used.
  credit and political risk insurance: International Credit and Collections Mary S. Schaeffer, 2001-04-26 With the growing focus on international trade, the need for good credit and collection information is more urgent than ever. As mid-size companies, in growing numbers, begin to enter the international arena, they will look for information to guide them. This book will provide international credit managers with the guidance that they need in order to compete in the twenty-first century.
  credit and political risk insurance: The Investment Treaty Arbitration Review Barton Legum, 2022
  credit and political risk insurance: IRMI's Political Risk Insurance Guide Daniel Wagner, 1999
  credit and political risk insurance: Debt-free Wannabe Martin Lewis, 2011-12-03 Essential debt-busting guide from the author of the bestselling The Money Diet, includes case studies of people in various levels of debt, with information on borrowing, clever consuming and handling credit cards.
  credit and political risk insurance: International Lawyer's Deskbook Lucinda A. Low, Daniel M. Drory, 2003 A reference tool for lawyers facing international legal problems outside their own areas of expertise.
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Credit Cards | FORUM Credit Union
When will I receive my FORUM Credit Union EMV chip-enhanced card? All new FORUM Mastercard® Credit Cards are EMV chip-enhanced cards. If you are a current cardholder, …

The Ultimate Guide for Medal and Super Credit Farming
FOR SUPER CREDIT FARMING. Best Mission Types are ED, ICBM, SD and TIB. They have a near perfect Super Credit-Time relation. Every second you spend on these runs it's worth …

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Lost/Stolen Consumer Credit Card. 800-352-8790. After-Hours Consumer and Business Debit Card Support. 855-604-1635. Business Credit Card Service/Questions. 866-552-8855. …

Export Credit Agency Supported Financing - Clifford Chance
• Political risk cover (insurance) • Interest rate subsidy Export credit support addresses three key issues: Deferred payment – allowing a buyer to defer its payment to the supplier for the …

Trade Credit and Political Risk Insurance - TMHCC
The Credit Group, a member of Tokio Marine HCC, is a market leader in trade credit and political risk insurance. Our coverages allow insureds to pursue opportunities globally and manage the …

COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL RISK MITIGATION AND …
POlITICAl RISk INSURANCE AND 2 CREDIT ENhANCEmENT OFFERINGS KEY OBJECTIVES • De-risking Foreign Direct Investment for investors, sponsors and lenders. • Facilitating cross …

AIG Political Risk: Where we can help
POLITICAL RISK Our Political Risk Leaders AIG Political Risk Differentiators Edward Kelly Global Head of Credit Lines (incl. Trade Credit and Political Risk) T: +44 (0)20 7954 7125. M: +44 …

POLITICAL RISK - alliedworldinsurance.com
The Political Risk Insurance team offers a wide range of insureds a broad spectrum of products to cover a diverse universe of credit and cross border equity investment risks. Our team of …

Export Credit Insurance - dhaman.org
The Arab Investment & Export Credit Guarantee Corporation "Dhaman" is a multilateral credit and political risk insurance provider. Launched in 1974 and headquartered in Kuwait, its …

CREDIT AND POLITICAL RISK INSURANCE
CREDIT AND POLITICAL RISK INSURANCE 1 LOOK TO OUR TEAM OF EXPERTS TO HELP YOUR CLIENTS MANAGE THEIR CREDIT RISK AROUND THE WORLD. In today’s …

DFC Investment Tools: Political Risk Insurance
Political risk insurance helps mitigate risk and provide a more stable environment for investments in developing countries. The U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) offers …

Political Risk, Credit & Bond
Political Risk, Credit & Bond Tel +44 7787 283 326 ian.nunn@axaxl.com Caroline Tran Head of Europe Political Risk, Credit & Bond Tel +33 67 271 0207 caroline.tran@axaxl.com Jack …

EXPORT CREDIT INSURANCE - Export–Import Bank of the …
Export Credit Insurance: Minimiing Risk in the lobal Marketplace 02 WHY HAVE EXPORT CREDIT INSURANCE? Imagine this: your U.S. business has identified an international buyer …

Structured Credit and Political Risk Insurance Report and …
commercial insurance market for credit and political risk remains buoyant, insurers in this class have not been unaffected by broader challenges within the industry. As an example, Lloyd’s …

Political Risk, Credit & Bond - axaxl.com
Political Risk, Credit & Bond Tel +44 7787 283 326 ian.nunn@axaxl.com Caroline Tran Head of Europe Political Risk, Credit & Bond Tel +33 67 271 0207 caroline.tran@axaxl.com Jack …

Trade Credit Insurance - airmic.com
Trade Credit Insurance Lessons learned from the global COVID-19 pandemic Andrew-Dane Fairclough. Head of Claims for Political Risk, Credit & Surety. Babak Tavassolie. Country and …

INVESTMENT GUARANTEE GUIDE - MIGA
providing guarantees (political risk insurance and credit enhancement) to investors and lenders. MIGA’s guarantees protect investments against non-commercial risks and can help investors …

2023 Global Survey on Credit and Political Risk Insurance …
Source: IACPM / ITFA Credit and Political Risk Insurance Survey 2023 and 2021 | Questions: Please indicate the total aggregate amount of your insured exposure (Q13) / underlying credit …

Structured Credit and Political Risk Insurance Report and …
insurance of unsecured non-trade financing and for that reported to us by insurers as FG (the previously used risk code). a) Credit Risk (Risk Code CR): Applicable where the counterparty …

Credit & Political Risks Insurance - dhaman.org
The Arab Investment & Export Credit Guarantee Corporation "Dhaman" is a multilateral credit and political risk insurance provider. Launched in 1974 and headquartered in Kuwait, its …

Risk Mitigation Techniques in Credit Portfolio Management
Payment Insurance” (NPI), “Credit and Political Risk Insurance” (CPRI) or “Private Credit and Political Risk Insurance” (PCRI). They are all insurance contracts eligible under the Basel …

POLITICAL RISK INSURANCE. A TECHNICAL APPROACH.
playing field as in the case of OECD rules on credit risk. Ultimately it is not even granted that insurers actually charge premia that adequately remunerate risk. Keywords: political risk, …

Political Risk and Credit - Chubb
Political Risk and Credit Contact details Asia Singapore 138 Market Street, #12-01 CapitaGreen Singapore 048946 Steve Capon Head of Asia Pacific & CCRM +65 6398 8753 …

Applicability of the Federal Credit Reform Act to Political Risk ...
question of how OPIC should budget for its political risk insurance of debt. We have little evidence of how OPIC did so from FCRA’s 1990 enactment until the early 2000s. In 2002, however, …

An Overview of Political Risk Insurance - May, 2005
An Overview of Political Risk Insurance Kausar Hamdani, Elise Liebers, and George Zanjani Federal Reserve Bank of New York May, 2005 ... restrictions, a credit event for the local …

BPIFRANCE ASSURANCE EXPORT
Country risk, classified 0 to 7 (political risk), as per OECD country risk classification. FRENCH CONTENT FOR EXPORT CREDIT INSURANCE Credits have to be linked to the export of …

Political Risk Insurance for Construction and Engineering
and Political Risk Practices from all over the world. The Political Risk Practice is part of Marsh’s global network of professionals that structure alternative risk finance and risk transfer products …

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
AN OVERVIEW OF THE POLITICAL RISK INSURANCE (PRI) MARKET 1 A. Types of PRI Investment Coverage 1 B. Major Underwriters in the PRI Market 3 ... 3 R88-00: Partial Credit …

FINANCIAL RISK SOLUTIONS // ASIA PACIFIC Global risks, …
history of writing Credit & Political Risk insurance across global markets. Our team consists of highly technical underwriters and analysts based in London, Singapore, Paris, Chicago and …

Export credit financing - PwC
Insurance provided by ECAs can cover both commercial risk and political risk. Political risk covers events like war, expropriation, rescission of licences and imposition of foreign exchange …

Major Country Risk Developments June 2025 Overview
FCIA Trade Credit & Political Risk is a division of Great American Insurance Company Major Country Risk Developments June 2025 ... FCIA’s Trade Credit Insurance policies off er …

Market Insight 2019 - Trade Finance Global
active in the credit and political risk insurance (CPRI) market. From Brexit preparations, to the coordinated market response to the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA)’s consultation …

Political Risks in Engineering Insurance - IMIA
Those companies which are likely to be most in need of political risk insurance are exporters, contractors working overseas and companies with overseas assets. 2. What ... risks of trade …

GUIDE TO EXPORT CREDIT INSURANCE - USPAACC
Credit Insurance transfers the risk of credit and counterparty exposure to EXIM, protecting against liquidity shortages arising from delayed payments or nonpayment from overseas customers. A …

Gallagher Specialty
On behalf of our clients, Gallagher’s Structured Credit and Political Risk team arrange insurance products to mitigate the risks arising out of trading, financing and investing - often with a focus …

Taking a Multi-Country Approach to Political Risk and Trade …
CREDIT INSURANCE Political risk and trade credit risks are high on the agenda for many organizations as political violence, terrorist threats, expropriation actions, and economic …

ICIEC AT A GLANCE - Islamic Development Bank
Export Credit and Political Risk Insurance Award from the Global Islamic Finance Awards. ICIEC Unique Role Established in 1994 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, as a multilateral institution and …

Everest Specialty Underwriters
Political Risk Insurance Limits up to $150 million (USD) Tenors up to 15 years Coverage features Contract frustration / non-honor of sovereign debt obligations and sovereign guarantees Equity …

Major Country Risk Developments September 2024
FCIA Trade Credit & Political Risk is a division of Great American Insurance Company Major Country Risk Developments September 2024 By Byron Shoulton A year ago, infl ation was still …

Specialist insurance protection in respect of emerging …
We also provide insurance for commercial credit risk. Our trade credit account encompasses: ... Political Risk & Trade Credit New York, NY, USA +1 (212) 801 7171 …

Report and Market Update - ajg.com
The credit and political risk segment of the insurance industry – particularly that element which is most concerned with the underwriting of default risk across both government and corporate …

Credit & Political Risk - Canopius
Underwriter – Credit & Political Risk +44 (0)7554 668243 bruce.shepherd@canopius.com George Simpson Assistant Underwriter – Credit & Political Risk +44 (0)7900 740457 …

Political Risk- Wording - HDFC ERGO General Insurance
Political Risk Insurance Policy: UIN - IRDAN125P0002V01201617 HDFC ERGO GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED HDFC House, 1 st Floor, 165-166 Backbay Reclamation, …

Credit & Political Risk Insurance - cdn-res.keymedia.com
Credit and Political Risk Insurance (CPRI) In today’s uncertain political and economic environment, organisations with global operations are continually exposed to counterparty and …

Major Country Risk Developments February 2024
the risk of a resurgence in price pressures if they lower borrowing costs too soon, against the danger of doing unnecessary damage to growth and jobs by waiting longer. We think caution …

Political Risk & Credit 9sept - Lloyd's
continue to elevate Political Risk & Credit insurance to the forefront of essential risk management. The Lloyd’s Asia Political Risk & Credit platform has a diverse range of capabilities and …

Presentation - Partial Risk Guarantees and Insurance …
Motivated Violence Insurance Stewart Kinloch Consultant, Initiative for Risk Mitigation in Africa (IRMA) African Development Bank Toby Heppel Divisional Director, Political, Credit and …

WIN WITH TALBOT ON POLITICAL RISK
Talbot is a lead market for traditional equity and lenders form political risk insurance for sustainable investments, both fixed and mobile assets. We are able to ... Head of Credit, …

WIN WITH TALBOT ON POLITICAL RISK - American …
Talbot is a lead market for traditional equity and lenders form political risk insurance for sustainable investments, both fixed and mobile assets. We are able to ... Political Risk & Trade …

MSIG USA - Political Risk and Trade Credit
MS&AD Insurance Group Holdings, Inc. is publicly traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is the 8th largest non-life insurance group in the world, by revenue. ... Head of Political Risk and …

FIDELIS INSURANCE HOLDINGS LIMITED & FIDELIS …
credit and political risk, specialty other, property reinsurance, property retrocession and whole account reinsurance. Insureds are located mainly in the EEA and the USA, with underwriting …

Building Investor’s Confidence Through Political Risk …
Although, political risk losses do occur in both developed and developing nations, political risk exposure is very high in emerging markets (Aon, 2011). According to Oxford Analytica (2018), …

SERV Compact
Confiscation risk insurance Buyer credit insurance Letter of credit confirmation insurance Political risk Unforeseeable extraordinary events such as: – War – Revolution – Annexation – Civil …