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| cross sectional study psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development Sam Goldstein, Jack A. Naglieri, 2010-11-23 This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine Marc D. Gellman, J. Rick Turner, |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods Paul J. Lavrakas, 2008-09-12 To the uninformed, surveys appear to be an easy type of research to design and conduct, but when students and professionals delve deeper, they encounter the vast complexities that the range and practice of survey methods present. To complicate matters, technology has rapidly affected the way surveys can be conducted; today, surveys are conducted via cell phone, the Internet, email, interactive voice response, and other technology-based modes. Thus, students, researchers, and professionals need both a comprehensive understanding of these complexities and a revised set of tools to meet the challenges. In conjunction with top survey researchers around the world and with Nielsen Media Research serving as the corporate sponsor, the Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods presents state-of-the-art information and methodological examples from the field of survey research. Although there are other how-to guides and references texts on survey research, none is as comprehensive as this Encyclopedia, and none presents the material in such a focused and approachable manner. With more than 600 entries, this resource uses a Total Survey Error perspective that considers all aspects of possible survey error from a cost-benefit standpoint. Key Features Covers all major facets of survey research methodology, from selecting the sample design and the sampling frame, designing and pretesting the questionnaire, data collection, and data coding, to the thorny issues surrounding diminishing response rates, confidentiality, privacy, informed consent and other ethical issues, data weighting, and data analyses Presents a Reader′s Guide to organize entries around themes or specific topics and easily guide users to areas of interest Offers cross-referenced terms, a brief listing of Further Readings, and stable Web site URLs following most entries The Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods is specifically written to appeal to beginning, intermediate, and advanced students, practitioners, researchers, consultants, and consumers of survey-based information. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Research Methodology in the Social, Behavioural and Life Sciences Herman J Ader, Gideon J Mellenbergh, 1999-12-07 This is an ideal text for advanced courses in research methods and experimental design. It argues that the methodology of quantitative research is a unified discipline with basic notions, procedures and ways of reasoning which can be applied across the social, behavioural and life sciences. Key designs, models and methods in research are covered by leading contributors in their field who seek to explain the fundamentals of the research process to enable the student to understand the broader implications and unifying themes. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Research Design Neil J. Salkind, 2010-06-22 Comprising more than 500 entries, the Encyclopedia of Research Design explains how to make decisions about research design, undertake research projects in an ethical manner, interpret and draw valid inferences from data, and evaluate experiment design strategies and results. Two additional features carry this encyclopedia far above other works in the field: bibliographic entries devoted to significant articles in the history of research design and reviews of contemporary tools, such as software and statistical procedures, used to analyze results. It covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research; it addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences; it provides summaries of advantages and disadvantages of often-used strategies; and it uses hundreds of sample tables, figures, and equations based on real-life cases.--Publisher's description. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Practical Statistics for Medical Research Douglas G. Altman, 1990-11-22 Practical Statistics for Medical Research is a problem-based text for medical researchers, medical students, and others in the medical arena who need to use statistics but have no specialized mathematics background. The author draws on twenty years of experience as a consulting medical statistician to provide clear explanations to key statistical concepts, with a firm emphasis on practical aspects of designing and analyzing medical research. Using real data and including dozens of interesting data sets, this bestselling text gives special attention to the presentation and interpretation of results and the many real problems that arise in medical research. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods Mike Allen, 2017-04-11 Communication research is evolving and changing in a world of online journals, open-access, and new ways of obtaining data and conducting experiments via the Internet. Although there are generic encyclopedias describing basic social science research methodologies in general, until now there has been no comprehensive A-to-Z reference work exploring methods specific to communication and media studies. Our entries, authored by key figures in the field, focus on special considerations when applied specifically to communication research, accompanied by engaging examples from the literature of communication, journalism, and media studies. Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets. In addition to expected entries covering the basics of theories and methods traditionally used in communication research, other entries discuss important trends influencing the future of that research, including contemporary practical issues students will face in communication professions, the influences of globalization on research, use of new recording technologies in fieldwork, and the challenges and opportunities related to studying online multi-media environments. Email, texting, cellphone video, and blogging are shown not only as topics of research but also as means of collecting and analyzing data. Still other entries delve into considerations of accountability, copyright, confidentiality, data ownership and security, privacy, and other aspects of conducting an ethical research program. Features: 652 signed entries are contained in an authoritative work spanning four volumes available in choice of electronic or print formats. Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping entries thematically to help students interested in a specific aspect of communication research to more easily locate directly related entries. Back matter includes a Chronology of the development of the field of communication research; a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and associations; a Glossary introducing the terminology of the field; and a detailed Index. Entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross-References to related entries to guide students further in their research journeys. The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross-References combine to provide robust search-and-browse in the e-version. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Handbook of EHealth Evaluation Francis Yin Yee Lau, Craig Kuziemsky, 2016-11 To order please visit https://onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca/press/books/ordering/ |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Modern Epidemiology Kenneth J. Rothman, Sander Greenland, Timothy L. Lash, 2008 The thoroughly revised and updated Third Edition of the acclaimed Modern Epidemiology reflects both the conceptual development of this evolving science and the increasingly focal role that epidemiology plays in dealing with public health and medical problems. Coauthored by three leading epidemiologists, with sixteen additional contributors, this Third Edition is the most comprehensive and cohesive text on the principles and methods of epidemiologic research. The book covers a broad range of concepts and methods, such as basic measures of disease frequency and associations, study design, field methods, threats to validity, and assessing precision. It also covers advanced topics in data analysis such as Bayesian analysis, bias analysis, and hierarchical regression. Chapters examine specific areas of research such as disease surveillance, ecologic studies, social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, nutritional epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, reproductive epidemiology, and clinical epidemiology. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Handbook for Clinical Research Flora Hammond, MD, James F. Malec, Todd Nick, Ralph Buschbacher, MD, 2014-08-26 With over 80 information-packed chapters, Handbook for Clinical Research delivers the practical insights and expert tips necessary for successful research design, analysis, and implementation. Using clear language and an accessible bullet point format, the authors present the knowledge and expertise developed over time and traditionally shared from mentor to mentee and colleague to colleague. Organized for quick access to key topics and replete with practical examples, the book describes a variety of research designs and statistical methods and explains how to choose the best design for a particular project. Research implementation, including regulatory issues and grant writing, is also covered. The book opens with a section on the basics of research design, discussing the many ways in which studies can be organized, executed, and evaluated. The second section is devoted to statistics and explains how to choose the correct statistical approach and reviews the varieties of data types, descriptive and inferential statistics, methods for demonstrating associations, hypothesis testing and prediction, specialized methods, and considerations in epidemiological studies and measure construction. The third section covers implementation, including how to develop a grant application step by step, the project budget, and the nuts and bolts of the timely and successful completion of a research project and documentation of findings: procedural manuals and case report forms collecting, managing and securing data operational structure and ongoing monitoring and evaluation and ethical and regulatory concerns in research with human subjects. With a concise presentation of the essentials for successful research, the Handbook for Clinical Research is a valuable addition to the library of any student, research professional, or clinician interested in expanding the knowledge base of his or her field. Key Features: Delivers the essential elements, practical insights, and trade secrets for ensuring successful research design, analysis, and implementation Presents the nuts and bolts of statistical analysis Organized for quick access to a wealth of information Replete with practical examples of successful research designs Û from single case designs to meta-analysis - and how to achieve them Addresses research implementation including regulatory issues and grant writing |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.), 2013-02-21 This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov) |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology Hugh Coolican, 2017-08-16 This sixth edition of Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology has been fully revised and updated, providing students with the most readable and comprehensive survey of research methods, statistical concepts and procedures in psychology today. Assuming no prior knowledge, this bestselling text takes you through every stage of your research project giving advice on planning and conducting studies, analysing data and writing up reports. The book provides clear coverage of statistical procedures, and includes everything needed from nominal level tests to multi-factorial ANOVA designs, multiple regression and log linear analysis. It features detailed and illustrated SPSS instructions for all these procedures eliminating the need for an extra SPSS textbook. New features in the sixth edition include: Tricky bits - in-depth notes on the things that students typically have problems with, including common misunderstandings and likely mistakes. Improved coverage of qualitative methods and analysis, plus updates to Grounded Theory, Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis and Discourse Analysis. A full and recently published journal article using Thematic Analysis, illustrating how articles appear in print. Discussion of contemporary issues and debates, including recent coverage of journals’ reluctance to publish replication of studies. Fully updated online links, offering even more information and useful resources, especially for statistics. Each chapter contains a glossary, key terms and newly integrated exercises, ensuring that key concepts are understood. A companion website (www.routledge.com/cw/coolican) provides additional exercises, revision flash cards, links to further reading and data for use with SPSS. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Veterinary Epidemiology S. Wayne Martin, Alan H. Meek, Preben Willeberg, 1987 Basic principles. Epidemiologic concepts. Sampling methods. Measurement of disease frequency and production. Studying disease in animal populations. Descriptive epidemiology. Disease causation. Surveys and analytic observational studies. Design of field trials. Theoretical epidemiology: systems analysis and modeling. Animal health economics. Applied epidemiology. Rationale, strategies, and concepts of animal disease control. Monitoring disease and production. Field investigations. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Understanding and Evaluating Research Sue L. T. McGregor, 2017-10-25 Understanding and Evaluating Research: A Critical Guide shows students how to be critical consumers of research and to appreciate the power of methodology as it shapes the research question, the use of theory in the study, the methods used, and how the outcomes are reported. The book starts with what it means to be a critical and uncritical reader of research, followed by a detailed chapter on methodology, and then proceeds to a discussion of each component of a research article as it is informed by the methodology. The book encourages readers to select an article from their discipline, learning along the way how to assess each component of the article and come to a judgment of its rigor or quality as a scholarly report. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials Mark Elwood, 2007-02-22 This book presents a logical system of critical appraisal, to allow readers to evaluate studies and to carry out their own studies more effectively. This system emphasizes the central importance of cause and effect relationships. Its great strength is that it is applicable to a wide range of issues, and both to intervention trials and observational studies. This system unifies the often different approaches used in epidemiology, health services research, clinical trials, and evidence-based medicine, starting from a logical consideration of cause and effect. The author's approach to the issues of study design, selection of subjects, bias, confounding, and the place of statistical methods has been praised for its clarity and interest. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and the applications of this logic to evidence-based medicine, knowledge-based health care, and health practice and policy are discussed. Current and often controversial examples are used, including screening for prostate cancer, publication bias in psychiatry, public health issues in developing countries, and conflicts between observational studies and randomized trials. Statistical issues are explained clearly without complex mathematics, and the most useful methods are summarized in the appendix. The final chapters give six applications of the critical appraisal of major studies: randomized trials of medical treatment and prevention, a prospective and a retrospective cohort study, a small matched case-control study, and a large case-control study. In these chapters, sections of the original papers are reproduced and the original studies placed in context by a summary of current developments. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Handbook of the Psychology of Aging K Warner Schaie, Sherry L. Willis, 2010-12-21 The Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, Seventh Edition, provides a basic reference source on the behavioral processes of aging for researchers, graduate students, and professionals. It also provides perspectives on the behavioral science of aging for researchers and professionals from other disciplines. The book is organized into four parts. Part 1 reviews key methodological and analytical issues in aging research. It examines some of the major historical influences that might provide explanatory mechanisms for a better understanding of cohort and period differences in psychological aging processes. Part 2 includes chapters that discuss the basics and nuances of executive function; the history of the morphometric research on normal brain aging; and the neural changes that occur in the brain with aging. Part 3 deals with the social and health aspects of aging. It covers the beliefs that individuals have about how much they can control various outcomes in their life; the impact of stress on health and aging; and the interrelationships between health disparities, social class, and aging. Part 4 discusses the emotional aspects of aging; family caregiving; and mental disorders and legal capacities in older adults. - Contains all the main areas of psychological gerontological research in one volume - Entire section on neuroscience and aging - Begins with a section on theory and methods - Edited by one of the father of gerontology (Schaie) and contributors represent top scholars in gerontology |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Longitudinal Qualitative Research Johnny Saldaña, 2003 Johnny Saldana outlines the basic elements of longitudinal qualitative data, focusing on micro-levels of change observed within individual cases and groups of participants. He draws upon his primary experience in theater education to examine time and change in longitudinal qualitative studies; contending that playwrights and qualitative researchers write for the same purpose: to create a unique, insightful, and engaging text about the human condition. Offering sixteen specific questions through which researchers may approach the analysis of longitudinal qualitative data, Professor Saldana presents a text intended as a primer for fellow newcomers to long term inquiry, based on traditional social science methods from traditional qualitative and quantitative paradigms, but enriched by an artist-educator's unconventional perspective. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Key Concepts in Social Research Geoff Payne, Judy Payne, 2004-03-18 `This clearly written and user-friendly book is ideal for students or researchers who wish to get a basic, but solid grasp of a topic and see how it fits with other topics. By following the links a student can easily and efficiently build up a clear conceptual map of social research′ - Malcolm Williams, Reader in Sociology, Cardiff University `This is a really useful book, written in an accessible manner for students beginning their study of social research methods. It is helpful both as an introductory text and as a reference guide for more advanced students. Most of the key topics in methods and methodology are covered and it will be suitable as a recommended text on a wide variety of courses′ - Clive Seale, Brunel University At last, an authoritative, crystal-clear introduction to research methods which really takes account of the needs of students for accessible, focused information to help with undergraduate essays and exams. The key concepts discussed here are based on a review of teaching syllabi and the authors′ experience of many years of teaching. Topics range over qualitative and quantitative approaches and combine practical considerations with philosophical issues. They include several new topics, like internet and phone polling, internet searches, and visual methods. Each section is free-standing, can be tackled in order, but with links to other sections to enable students to cross-reference and build up a wider understanding of central research methods. To facilitate comprehension and aid study, each section begins with a definition. It is followed by a summary of key points with key words and guides to further reading and up-to-date examples. The book is a major addition to undergraduate reading lists. It is reliable, allows for easy transference to essays and exams and easy to use, and exceptionally clearly written for student consumption. The book answers the needs of all those who find research methods daunting, and for those who have dreamt of an ideal introduction to the subject. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Principles and Practice of Clinical Research John I. Gallin, Frederick P Ognibene, 2011-04-28 The second edition of this innovative work again provides a unique perspective on the clinical discovery process by providing input from experts within the NIH on the principles and practice of clinical research. Molecular medicine, genomics, and proteomics have opened vast opportunities for translation of basic science observations to the bedside through clinical research. As an introductory reference it gives clinical investigators in all fields an awareness of the tools required to ensure research protocols are well designed and comply with the rigorous regulatory requirements necessary to maximize the safety of research subjects. Complete with sections on the history of clinical research and ethics, copious figures and charts, and sample documents it serves as an excellent companion text for any course on clinical research and as a must-have reference for seasoned researchers.*Incorporates new chapters on Managing Conflicts of Interest in Human Subjects Research, Clinical Research from the Patient's Perspective, The Clinical Researcher and the Media, Data Management in Clinical Research, Evaluation of a Protocol Budget, Clinical Research from the Industry Perspective, and Genetics in Clinical Research *Addresses the vast opportunities for translation of basic science observations to the bedside through clinical research*Delves into data management and addresses how to collect data and use it for discovery*Contains valuable, up-to-date information on how to obtain funding from the federal government |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Development in Judging Moral Issues James R. Rest, 1992 |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Maritime Psychology Malcolm MacLachlan, 2017-01-21 This first-of-its-kind volume assembles current research on psychosocial issues and behavioral and safety concerns inherent in life and careers at sea. Focusing mainly on the commercial maritime transport sector, it sets out the basic concepts of maritime psychology in the contexts of health and occupational psychology and illustrates more expansive applications across nautical domains. A systems perspective and detailed case studies spotlight unique challenges to mariners’ work performance, personal and environmental health and safety; it also provides support for psychometric assessment of seafarers, and describes emerging uses for the healing properties of the sea and sailing. The book is a springboard for continued research and practice development, further interaction between psychology and the maritime world, and the continued broadening and deepening of the field. Among the topics covered: · Positive psychology and wellbeing at sea. · Transferring learning across safety critical industries. · Occupational stress in seafarers. · The psychology of ship architecture and design. · Motion sickness susceptibility and management at sea. · Risk communication during a maritime disaster. Written with clarity and nuance reflecting the vastness of marine experience, Maritime Psychology will be of interest to lecturers, researchers, and students of occupational and health psychology and maritime science, and to social and health scientists and practitioners in these and related fields. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Functional Neurobiology of Aging Patrick R. Hof, Charles V. Mobbs, 2001-01-11 Some well-known age-related neurological diseases include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, deafness, and blindness. Even more common are the problems of aging which are not due to disease but to more subtle impairments in neurobiological systems, including impairments in vision, memory loss, muscle weakening, and loss of reproductive functions, changes in body weight, and sleeplessness. As the average age of our society increases, diseases of aging continue to become more common, and conditions associated with aging need more attention by doctors and researchers. In 1991, patients over the age of 65 saw their doctors an average of eight times per year. Research funding is provided by the Neuroscience and Neuropsychology of Aging (NNA) Program, which is run by the National Institute on Aging. This book offers a comprehensive overview of all topics related to functional impairments which are related to the aging brain and nervous system. It is organized according to four general functions: movement, senses, memory, and neuroendocrine regulation. Written by the leading researchers in the field, this comprehensive work addresses both impairments associated with diseases and not associated with diseases, making it easier to understand the mechanisms involved. Functional Neurobiology of Aging is an important reference for professionals and students involved in aging research, as well as physicians who need to recognize and understand age-related impairments. - Organized by function, making it easy to find and understand the material - Addresses impairments both associated with diseases and not associated with diseases - Written by leading researchers in the field - Most comprehensive source of information on the neurobiology of aging |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Oxford Textbook of Public Health , 2002 |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Handbook of Models for Human Aging P. Michael Conn, 2011-04-28 The Handbook of Models for Human Aging is designed as the only comprehensive work available that covers the diversity of aging models currently available. For each animal model, it presents key aspects of biology, nutrition, factors affecting life span, methods of age determination, use in research, and disadvantages/advantes of use. Chapters on comparative models take a broad sweep of age-related diseases, from Alzheimer's to joint disease, cataracts, cancer, and obesity. In addition, there is an historical overview and discussion of model availability, key methods, and ethical issues. - Utilizes a multidisciplinary approach - Shows tricks and approaches not available in primary publications - First volume of its kind to combine both methods of study for human aging and animal models - Over 200 illustrations |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Longitudinal Data Analysis Garrett Fitzmaurice, Marie Davidian, Geert Verbeke, Geert Molenberghs, 2008-08-11 Although many books currently available describe statistical models and methods for analyzing longitudinal data, they do not highlight connections between various research threads in the statistical literature. Responding to this void, Longitudinal Data Analysis provides a clear, comprehensive, and unified overview of state-of-the-art theory |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline Colin R Martin, Victor R Preedy, 2014-12-30 Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline offers researchers and clinicians a single authoritative source which outlines the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes. In a cross-disciplinary field like dementia research and practice, clinicians and researchers need a comprehensive resource which will quickly help them identify a range of nutritional components and how they affect cognitive decline and the development of dementia. While the focus is on clinical applications, the book also features landmark and innovative preclinical studies that have served as the foundation of rigorous trials. Chapters explore the evidence of how nutritional components, either in the diet or supplements, can either impede the development to, or progression from, the onset of dementia. Authors investigate how conditions and processes overlap between defined conditions and present studies which show that dietary components may be equally effective in a number of conditions characterized by declining cognition or dementia. This book represents essential reading for researchers and practicing clinicians in nutrition, dietetics, geriatrics, nursing, neurology, and psychology, as well as researchers, such as neuroscientists, molecular and cellular biochemists, interested in dementia. http://www.acnr.co.uk/2015/07/diet-and-nutrition-in-dementia-and-cognitive-decline/ - Explores the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes - Focuses on both clinical nutrition applications and the innovative preclinical studies that serve as the foundation for rigorous trials - Covers specific conditions and mechanisms in dementias, as well as general aspects, risk factors, lifestyle and guidelines for practitioners - Organizes chapter content in terms of the molecular, mechanistic, epidemiologic, and practical, so that correlations can be observed across conditions |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: The Dictionary of Psychology Raymond J. Corsini, 2002 With more than three times as many defined entries, biographies, illustrations, and appendices than any other dictionary of psychology ever printed in the English language, Raymond Corsini's Dictionary of Psychology is indeed a landmark resource. The most comprehensive, up-to-date reference of its kind, the Dictionary also maintains a user-friendliness throughout. This combination ensures that it will serve as the definitive work for years to come. With a clear and functional design, and highly readable style, the Dictionary offers over 30,000 entries (including interdisciplinary terms and contemporary slang), more than 125 illustrations, as well as extensive cross-referencing of entries. Ten supportive appendices, such as the Greek Alphabet, Medical Prescription Terms, and biographies of more than 1,000 deceased contributors to psychology, further augment the Dictionary's usefulness. Over 100 psychologists as well as numerous physicians participated as consulting editors, and a dozen specialist consulting editors reviewed the material. Dr. Alan Auerbach, the American Psychological Association's de facto dictionary expert, served as the senior consulting editor. As a final check for comprehensiveness and accuracy, independent review editors were employed to re-examine, re-review, and re-approve every entry. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Yang Yang, Kenneth C. Land, 2016-04-19 This book explores the ways in which statistical models, methods, and research designs can be used to open new possibilities for APC analysis. Within a single, consistent HAPC-GLMM statistical modeling framework, the authors synthesize APC models and methods for three research designs: age-by-time period tables of population rates or proportions, repeated cross-section sample surveys, and accelerated longitudinal panel studies. They show how the empirical application of the models to various problems leads to many fascinating findings on how outcome variables develop along the age, period, and cohort dimensions. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation Bruce B. Frey, 2018-01-29 This encyclopedia is the first major reference guide for students new to the field, covering traditional areas while pointing the way to future developments. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Research Methods in Human Development Paul C. Cozby, Patricia E. Worden, Daniel W. Kee, 1989 For undergradute social science majors. A textbook on the interpretation and use of research. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Longitudinal Data Analysis Toon Taris, 2000-11-13 This accessible introduction to the theory and practice of longitudinal research takes the reader through the strengths and weaknesses of this kind of research, making clear: how to design a longitudinal study; how to collect data most effectively; how to make the best use of statistical techniques; and how to interpret results. Although the book provides a broad overview of the field, the focus is always on the practical issues arising out of longitudinal research. This book supplies the student with all that they need to get started and acts as a manual for dealing with opportunities and pitfalls. It is the ideal primer for this growing area of social research. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Subjective Well-Being Panel on Measuring Subjective Well-Being in a Policy-Relevant Framework, Committee on National Statistics, Division on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council, 2014-01-01 Subjective well-being refers to how people experience and evaluate their lives and specific domains and activities in their lives. This information has already proven valuable to researchers, who have produced insights about the emotional states and experiences of people belonging to different groups, engaged in different activities, at different points in the life course, and involved in different family and community structures. Research has also revealed relationships between people's self-reported, subjectively assessed states and their behavior and decisions. Research on subjective well-being has been ongoing for decades, providing new information about the human condition. During the past decade, interest in the topic among policy makers, national statistical offices, academic researchers, the media, and the public has increased markedly because of its potential for shedding light on the economic, social, and health conditions of populations and for informing policy decisions across these domains. Subjective Well-Being: Measuring Happiness, Suffering, and Other Dimensions of Experience explores the use of this measure in population surveys. This report reviews the current state of research and evaluates methods for the measurement. In this report, a range of potential experienced well-being data applications are cited, from cost-benefit studies of health care delivery to commuting and transportation planning, environmental valuation, and outdoor recreation resource monitoring, and even to assessment of end-of-life treatment options. Subjective Well-Being finds that, whether used to assess the consequence of people's situations and policies that might affect them or to explore determinants of outcomes, contextual and covariate data are needed alongside the subjective well-being measures. This report offers guidance about adopting subjective well-being measures in official government surveys to inform social and economic policies and considers whether research has advanced to a point which warrants the federal government collecting data that allow aspects of the population's subjective well-being to be tracked and associated with changing conditions. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Psychological Research Methods and Statistics Andrew M. Colman, 1995 Pyschological Research Methods and Statistics focuses on the methods by which empirical research in Psychology is carried out and the findings analysed and interpreted. This concise, readable text covers topics such as: experimental control and causes of behaviour; interpretability; analysis of covariance; descriptive statistics; inferential statistics; quasi-experimental procedures; correlational approaches; survey methods; naturalistic observation; case-studies. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Social Science Research Anol Bhattacherjee, 2012-04-01 This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Ageing Nancy A. Pachana, 2016 Ageing is an activity we are familiar with from an early age. In our younger years upcoming birthdays are anticipated with an excitement that somewhat diminishes as the years progress. As we grow older we are bombarded with advice on ways to overcome, thwart, resist, and, on the rare occasion, embrace, one's ageing. Have all human beings from the various historical epochs and cultures viewed aging with this same ambivalence? In this Very Short Introduction Nancy A. Pachana discusses the lifelong dynamic changes in biological, psychological, and social functioning involved in ageing. Increased lifespans in the developed and the developing world have created an urgent need to find ways to enhance our functioning and well-being in the later decades of life, and this need is reflected in policies and action plans addressing our ageing populations from the World Health Organization and the United Nations. Looking to the future, Pachana considers advancements in the provision for our ageing populations, including revolutionary models of nursing home care such as Green House nursing homes in the USA and Small Group Living homes in the Netherlands. She shows that understanding the process of ageing is not only important for individuals, but also for societies and nations, if the full potential of those entering later life is to be realised. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research Alex C. Michalos, 2014-02-12 The aim of this encyclopedia is to provide a comprehensive reference work on scientific and other scholarly research on the quality of life, including health-related quality of life research or also called patient-reported outcomes research. Since the 1960s two overlapping but fairly distinct research communities and traditions have developed concerning ideas about the quality of life, individually and collectively, one with a fairly narrow focus on health-related issues and one with a quite broad focus. In many ways, the central issues of these fields have roots extending to the observations and speculations of ancient philosophers, creating a continuous exploration by diverse explorers in diverse historic and cultural circumstances over several centuries of the qualities of human existence. What we have not had so far is a single, multidimensional reference work connecting the most salient and important contributions to the relevant fields. Entries are organized alphabetically and cover basic concepts, relatively well established facts, lawlike and causal relations, theories, methods, standardized tests, biographic entries on significant figures, organizational profiles, indicators and indexes of qualities of individuals and of communities of diverse sizes, including rural areas, towns, cities, counties, provinces, states, regions, countries and groups of countries. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Handbook of Life Course Health Development Neal Halfon, Christopher B. Forrest, Richard M. Lerner, Elaine M. Faustman, 2017-11-20 This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Epidemiology Moyses Szklo, F. Javier Nieto, 2014 This book is specifically designed to expand reader knowledge while avoiding complex statistical formulations. Emphasizing the quantitative issues of epidemiology, this book focuses on study design, measures of association, interaction, research assessment, and other methods and practice. The Second Edition takes readers who have a good understanding of basic epidemiological principles through more rigorous discussions of concepts and methods. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Todd D. Little, 2013-02-26 This book has been replaced by Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling, Second Edition, ISBN 978-1-4625-5314-3. |
| cross sectional study psychology definition: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Julian P. T. Higgins, Sally Green, 2008-11-24 Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves. |
Cross-Sectional Study: Definition, Designs & Examples - Simply Psychology
Jul 31, 2023 · A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time. It's used to examine the …
The Definition and Use of a Cross-Sectional Study - Verywell Mind
Jun 23, 2024 · A cross-sectional study looks at data at a single point in time. The participants in this type of study are selected based on particular variables. Cross-sectional studies are …
Cross-Sectional Study | Definition, Uses & Examples - Scribbr
May 8, 2020 · A cross-sectional study is a type of research design in which you collect data from many different individuals at a single point in time. In cross-sectional research, you observe …
Overview: Cross-Sectional Studies - PMC
Cross-sectional designs help determine the prevalence of a disease, phenomena, or opinion in a population, as represented by a study sample.
APA Dictionary of Psychology
Apr 19, 2018 · a research design in which individuals, typically of different ages or developmental levels, are compared at a single point in time. An example is a study that involves a direct …
What is a cross sectional study in psychology?
Dec 14, 2024 · Cross-sectional studies are a widely used research design in psychology, but what exactly is it? In this article, we will delve into the world of cross-sectional studies, exploring …
Cross-Sectional Study: What it is + Free Examples - QuestionPro
What is a Cross-Sectional Study? A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data of variables collected at one given point in time across a sample population or a …
What Is a Cross-Sectional Study? Understanding the Basics
Oct 28, 2023 · Cross-sectional study is a type of research design used in various fields, including health and psychology. In a cross-sectional study, data is collected from a group of individuals …
Cross-Sectional Study | A Simplified Psychology Guide
A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that analyzes data collected from a group of subjects at a specific point in time. It aims to provide insights into the …
What is a Cross-Sectional Study? Definition ... - researcher.life
Oct 20, 2023 · A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that involves collecting data from a group of participants at a single point in time to assess various …
AP Psychology Essential Information
d. can create either a longitudinal or cross-sectional study 4. What are the different variables in an experiment? a. the variables affect the outcome of the experiment b. independent vs. …
Basics of Research Design: A Guide to selecting appropriate
Survey research observations can be cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. Cross-sectional means the observations are done at one or more point in time while longitudinal study means …
Emotion regulation through music listening, subjective stress, …
Cross-sectional results indicate that higher perceived stress is related to more use of music to regulate emotions (Getz etal., 2014). Zoteyeva et al. (2016) found similar results. In the latter …
Employeewell beingoutcomesfrom individual Cross …
tion bias in cross‐sectional results is interrogated. Overall, results suggest interventions are not providing ... developed as a domain‐specific definition for work, adapted from the philosophical …
DAFTAR PUSTAKA - ETD UGM
domestic and international students: a cross-sectional study of university students in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Anxiety, stress, and coping , 1–18.
Working women’s wellbeing: The prevalence and enablers of …
This cross-sectional study explores how New Zealand ... this broad notion makes a concise and measurable definition of wellbeing challenging ... Moreover, different academic disciplines …
Effects of coaches’ autonomy support on athletes’ aggressive
Frontiers in Psychology 02 frontiersin.org KEYWORDS autonomy support, coach-athlete relationship, team efficacy, aggressive behavior, athlete burnout, team sports, cross-sectional …
Models for Longitudinal Data in Developmental Research
reasons relates to the quality of the results from a mediation model using cross-sectional data and in fact applies to testing mediation in any field. There are a number of fundamental problems …
Impact of Time-Management on the Student’s Academic …
This study is based on existentialism philosophy, which is learner centered and offers direction to students about their study. Learners are selfresponsible - of their academics as they just seek …
Pediatric palliative care in neonates: a cross-sectional study …
Therefore, this study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of neonatal patients requiring pediatric palliative care in a specialized center of health in a low- and middle-income country in …
Quality of life, self-stigma, and coping strategies in patients …
cross-sectional study Michaela Holubova1–3 Jan Prasko1,2,4 (QoL). This study looked at relationships among severity of symptoms, self-stigma, demograph Marie Ociskova1,2 Kryštof …
Idiographic learning analytics: A definition and a case study
limitations of cross-sectional group-level data that may fail to capture the dynamic processes that unfold within each individual learner and less likely to offer relevant personalized learning or
Self-esteem and Social Appearance Anxiety: An …
This is a school based cross-sectional study in which simple random sampling was used. Cross-sectional research, which aims to identify the properties of the universe that are worked in or …
Protective Factors Against Psychological Distress Among …
A Norwegian study found a 65% lower drop-out rate for patients with a normal SOC score than for patients with a lower score.27 46 Another study found SOC to be a stable predictor of …
Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Undergraduate …
Therefore, we conducted the cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among undergraduate students in Melaka Manipal Medical College. 2. …
Personality Development in Two Cultures - JSTOR
development as assessed by longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches points to a very complex pattern of consistencies and changes in behavior. From this point of view …
Cyberbullying and adolescent well-being in England: a …
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Address correspondence to: ... a population-based cross sectional study Bullying is a major public …
This is an electronic reprint of the original article. - Theseus
cross-sectional study K. Hylkil¨a a, *, N. M¨annikk ¨o a, b, ... d Social Sciences Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology Turku, University 20014 Finland ... percentages …
Handbook of Research Methods in Developmental Science
1 Issues in the Use of Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Designs 3 Kelly Robinson Todd Schmidt and Douglas M. Teti 2 Methodological Issues in Aging Research 21 K. Warner Schaie and …
Physical activity and school adaptation among Chinese junior
Objective: In exploring the potential mechanisms, this study aims to validate the mediating roles of resilience and coping styles by examining the association between physical activity and school …
Assessment of the perceived safety culture in the …
RESEARCH ARTICLE Assessment of the perceived safety culture in the petrochemical industry in Japan: A cross-sectional study Erman C¸ akıt ID 1☯*, Andrzej Jan Olak2☯, Atsuo …
Study protocol: A national cross-sectional study on …
Jan 14, 2025 · A cross-national study mentioned that lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder was 28.6% for males and 29.8% for females which were not a low proportion, and showed the …
NONRESPONSE BIAS ANALYSES AT THE NATIONAL CENTER …
potential biases that can be addressed in future data collection waves of a longitudinal study. Longitudinal studies can be particularly vulnerable to nonresponse bias, as bias in the first …
Cross-sectional studies - Maryam Hemed
Cross-sectional Studies The links below provide access to examples of cross-sectional study: Nguyen PH, Budiharsana MP. Receiving voluntary family planning services has no relationship …
Examining perceptions of academic stress and its sources …
(Stewart etal., 2006; Westerman et al., 1993). In a cross- sectional survey examining the level of perceived academic stress among medical, dental, psychology, and sports students, it was …
Socioeconomic inequalities in physical, psychological, and …
Study design and population. This cross-sectional multi-region study used individual- level data from seven well-characterised studies on . ageing in the Program on Global Aging, Health, and …
Physical Exercise and Psychological Well-Being: A …
In a study by Buchman et Cynical Distrust Scale, and the Sense of Coherence in-al. [5] investigating the relationship between exercise ventory. and anger expression in adults, the …
Emotion regulation through music listening, subjective stress, …
Cross-sectional results indicate that higher perceived stress is related to more use of music to regulate emotions (Getz etal., 2014). Zoteyeva et al. (2016) found similar results. In the latter …
Disentangling between- and within-person associations of …
cross-sectional studies cannot be used to study within-person associations, since they only contain one observation per participant, making it impossible to study variability around …
AP Psychology Essential Information
d. can create either a longitudinal or cross-sectional study 4. What are the different variables in an experiment? a. the variables affect the outcome of the experiment b. independent vs. …
COVID-19 related stress, quality of life, and intrinsic religiosity ...
during the global pandemic: A cross-sectional study Rachel A. Joseph1*, Jichan J. Kim2, Shanna W. Akers3, Tracey Turner1, Elizabeth Whorley1, Kelly Lumpkin4, Jenna Rosa 1 and Catherine …
A Level Psychology - Pearson qualifications
In Unit 3 GCE 2008, Sports Psychology was a topic area. Within GCE 2015, Sports Psychology has been removed from the specification. GCE 2008 Units 3 and 4 have been merged so that …
Prevalence of Transparent Research Practices in Psychology: …
of research in psychology. In a previous study, we estimated the field-wide prev-alence of seven transparent research practices by manu- ... The study had a cross-sectional design. In two …
UNIT 1 METHODS OFSTUDYING GROWTH - eGyanKosh
serial study in which a group of children is followed longitudinally, some children leave the study and others join it as new entrants at some age points is termed as mixed-longitudinal study. …
Strategies addressing the limitations of cross-sectional …
participant burden. Overall, the cross-sectional design is well-suited for testing assumptions about the relationships of interest and provides a clear impression of the state of affairs in an …
Relationship among positive self-esteem, physical literacy, …
May 17, 2023 · years, this study aims to examine the relationship between positive self-esteem, physical literacy, and physical activity in order to investigate the mechanisms for improving …
Scientific summary July 2023 Leadership development
Cross-sectional study D . Leadership development: An evidence review . 8 . Finally, the effect sizes were identified. An effect (eg a correlation, Cohen’s d or omega) can ... The lack of a …
The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short …
to supplement the traditional focus of psychology on disease, damage, disorder, and disability. The recent trend to concentrate on optimal functioning also has aroused attention in …
NON-EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ABOUT BENEFIT, HARM OR …
Cross-sectional studies: The cross-sectional study has an identical structure to the cohort study except that the exposures and outcomes are measured at the same time (i.e. cross …
2022 GSS (Cross-section - NORC
(Cross-section Study) AND PUBLIC USE FILE CODEBOOK (Release 4) CODEBOOK | ii . ... is a series of nationally representative cross-sectional interviews in the United Statesthat have …
Impact of Procrastination and Time-Management on …
procrastination to prepare the students to work in the hospitals. This cross-sectional study focused on assessing the procrastination, time management skills and its relationship with academic …
open access to scientific and medical research Open Access …
The aims of this study were to investigate the state of voice behavior and core competence of nurses and explore the impacts of core competence on voice behavior. Methods Design and …
Journal Pre-proofs C. Correa-Salazar, G. Rangel, J. Blandón, E.N ...
conducted a cross-sectional study in Bogotá to assess the feasibility of a Migrant Health Observatory. This novel study sampled hidden and hard-to-reach populations. We found …
What Do Centrality Measures Measure in Psychological …
Jul 18, 2019 · In clinical psychology, networks of symptoms or affect states are increasingly used to study psychopathology. Such psychopathological networks are often further analyzed with …
The relationship between time anxiety and college students’
This study aimed to explore the relationship between time anxiety and sleep quality among college students, and to examine the mediating role of irrational procrastination and the …
Chapter 3 SURVEY RESEARCH - University of California, Los …
Jan 2, 1981 · participating in the definition of the questions asked by the surveys of ... common approach is the cross-sectional survey, where a set of infor-mation is collected for a sample at …
National survey on equine assisted therapy: An exploratory …
This study described demographics, foundation theory, specific practices, populations served, and how it is that the horse facilitates the therapeutic process. The following chapter focuses on …
A global pilot comparative, cross-sectional study of clinical …
cross-sectional study of clinical research nurses/research midwives: Definition, knowledge base, and communication skills related to the conduct of decentralized clinical trials. Journal of …
Practical Optimism: The Art, Science and Practice of …
A 2013 study published in the Journal of Behavioral Health showed that for every one-point Kim, Eric S., Jennifer K. Sun, Nansook Park, Laura D. Kubzansky, and Christopher Peterson. 2012. …
Indigenous Mental Health Perspective in cognitive distortions: …
A purposive sampling te chnique and cross -sectional study design were used to carry out current study. Two hundred participants (male, n = 100; female, n= 100) with age ranged
