Advertisement
crusader kings 3 council guide: 37F PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS PSYOP SPECIALIST STUDENT STUDY GUIDE , 2013-01-21 Table of Contents: Module A: Mediate a Dispute Negotiate an Agreement Communicate through an Interpreter Brief a Supported Commander Establish Linkup with Supported Commander Analyze Propaganda Module A Practical Exercises Mediate a Dispute Negotiate an Agreement Communicate through an Interpreter Brief a Supported Commander Establish Linkup with Supported Commander Analyze Propaganda Module B: Adjustments to Culture Characteristics and Components to Culture Comparison of Types of Culture Cultural Elements of Communication Theory Cultural Literacy and Competency Islamic Culture Islamic History Islamic Religious Divisions Laws and Principles of Human Behavior Radicalization of Islam Tenets of Islam The Qur’an and other Islam Texts Module B Practical Exercises Adjustments to Culture Characteristics and Components to Culture Comparison of Types of Culture Cultural Elements of Communication Theory Cultural Literacy and Competency Islamic Culture Islamic History Islamic Religious Divisions Laws and Principles of Human Behavior Radicalization of Islam Tenets of Islam The Qur’an and other Islam Texts Module C: Introduction to System of Systems Analysis Physical Environment Social System Political System National Security System Economic System Information System Infrastructure and Technology Module C Practical Exercises Introduction to System of Systems Analysis Physical Environment Social System Political System National Security System Economic System Information System Infrastructure and Technology Module D: Gather PSYOP relevant Information Series Development Target Audience Analysis Develop Supporting PSYOP Objective Develop Product Action Concept Ph IV Design Visual Product Prototype Design Audio Product Prototype Design Audio Visual Product Prototype Test Products and Actions Module D Practical Exercises Gather PSYOP relevant Information Series Development Target Audience Analysis Develop Supporting PSYOP Objective Develop Product Action Concept Ph IV Design Visual Product Prototype Design Audio Product Prototype Design Audio Visual Product Prototype Test Products and Actions |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Complete Idiot's Guide to Crusades Melissa Snell, Paul L. Williams, 2003-02-05 You're no idiot, of course. You know the Crusades were a war between Christian and Muslims for control of the Holy Land. However, these bloody conflicts raged over centuries, under changing circumstances, making the whole story difficult to follow. You don't have to don armour and cross deserts to relive the Crusades! 'The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Crusades' shows you why these wars began, why they continued for so long, and how their impact on the world still resonates. This 'Complete Idiot's Guide' gives you: -An introduction to the Dark Ages and the Renaissance, and why Pope Urban II would grant absolution to anyone who reclaimed the Holy Land for Christianity.-The origins of such Holy Orders as the Knights Templar, the Hospitallers, and the Teutonic Knights and the roles they played during the Crusades. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: International Guide to Medieval Studies , 1971 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The CRPG Book: A Guide to Computer Role-Playing Games Felipe Pepe, 2019-09 Reviews over 400 seminal games from 1975 to 2015. Each entry shares articles on the genre, mod suggestions and hints on how to run the games on modern hardware. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Subject Guide to Books in Print , 1993 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Donovan Pasha and Some People of Egypt Gilbert Parker, 2023-09-15 Reproduction of the original. The publishing house Megali specialises in reproducing historical works in large print to make reading easier for people with impaired vision. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: A Little History of the World E. H. Gombrich, 2014-10-01 E. H. Gombrich's Little History of the World, though written in 1935, has become one of the treasures of historical writing since its first publication in English in 2005. The Yale edition alone has now sold over half a million copies, and the book is available worldwide in almost thirty languages. Gombrich was of course the best-known art historian of his time, and his text suggests illustrations on every page. This illustrated edition of the Little History brings together the pellucid humanity of his narrative with the images that may well have been in his mind's eye as he wrote the book. The two hundred illustrations—most of them in full color—are not simple embellishments, though they are beautiful. They emerge from the text, enrich the author's intention, and deepen the pleasure of reading this remarkable work. For this edition the text is reset in a spacious format, flowing around illustrations that range from paintings to line drawings, emblems, motifs, and symbols. The book incorporates freshly drawn maps, a revised preface, and a new index. Blending high-grade design, fine paper, and classic binding, this is both a sumptuous gift book and an enhanced edition of a timeless account of human history. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Guide to the American Right , |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Knights Templar Encyclopedia Karen Ralls, 2007-01-01 Historian Ralls has written an authoritative source book on the fascinating history behind the most famous military religious order of the Crusades--the Knights Templar. This encyclopedia also includes a wealth of information on the key Templar people, places, events, and more. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume 3, The City of Jerusalem Denys Pringle, 1993 This is the third in a series of four volumes that are intended to present a complete Corpus of all the church buildings, of both the Western and the Oriental rites, built, rebuilt or simply in use in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem between the capture of Jerusalem by the First Crusade in 1099 and the loss of Acre in 1291. This volume deals exclusively with Jerusalem, the capital of the Kingdom from 1099 to 1187, leaving the churches of Acre and Tyre to be covered in the fourth and final volume. The Corpus will be an indispensable work of reference to all those concerned with the medieval topography and archaeology of the Holy Land, with the history of the church in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, with medieval pilgrimage to the Holy Places, and with the art and architecture of the Latin East. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Bradshaw's Continental Guide , 1929 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Forgotten Realms Player's Guide Rob Heinsoo, 2008 The complete guide for building Forgotten Realms characters. This guide presents this changed world from the point of view of the adventurers exploring it. This product includes everything a player needs to create his character for a D&D campaign in the Forgotten Realms setting. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The First Crusade Thomas Asbridge, 2012-01-26 'A nuanced and sophisticated analysis... Exhilarating' Sunday Telegraph Nine hundred years ago, one of the most controversial episodes in Christian history was initiated. The Pope stated that, in spite of the apparently pacifist message of the New Testament, God actually wanted European knights to wage a fierce and bloody war against Islam and recapture Jerusalem. Thus was the First Crusade born. Focusing on the characters that drove this extraordinary campaign, this fascinating period of history is recreated through awe-inspiring and often barbaric tales of bold adventure while at the same time providing significant insights into early medieval society, morality and mentality. The First Crusade marked a watershed in relations between Islam and the West, a conflict that set these two world religions on a course towards deep-seated animosity and enduring enmity. The chilling reverberations of this earth-shattering clash still echo in the world today. '[Asbridge] balances persuasive analysis with a flair for conveying with dramatic power the crusaders' plight' Financial Times |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Critical Role: Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Matthew Mercer, James Haeck, Joseph D. Carriker, Stephen Kenson, 2017 Critical Role has taken the roleplaying world by storm and now you can join the adventure! Until now, the wondrous and dangerous lands of Tal'Dorei have been the sole stomping grounds of the show's adventuring company, Vox Machina. But now, you can explore these realms in a tome from the pen of Game Master Matt Mercer himself! Will you find one of the revered Vestiges of Divergence or perhaps discover part of the Chroma Conclave's legacy? Can you help the Ashari in their sacred charge to prevent the elemental vortices from overwhelming the world, or will you find yourself embroiled in the machinations of the Clasp? This setting book takes an in-depth look at the history, people, and places of Tal'Dorei, and includes new backgrounds, magic items, and monsters for the Fifth Edition rules--Provided by publisher. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Guide to Reprints K G Saur Books, 2000-09 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Keeper of the Grail Michael P. Spradlin, 2008 In 1191, fifteen-year-old Tristan, a youth of unknown origin raised in an English abbey, becomes a Templar Knight's squire during the Third Crusade and soon finds himself on a mission to bring the Holy Grail to safety. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Transylvania by Night Brian Campbell, Nicky Rea, Gerald Brom, 1997-10 Dark Ages: Vampire takes you to the nights before the Camarilla, when kine truly had reason to be afraid of the dark. The vampires of this bygone age ride the dark as lords, play their games with the crowned heads of Europe, and travel to the mysterious lands of the East as they wage their ages-old war. The diablerie of saulot, the waking of Mithras, the destruction of Michael the patriarch, the return of the Dracon -- it all means the time of reflection is over. The Inquisition stirs and the time to act is now. Across Europe, monarchs of the night set princes and barons at each other's undying throats. Young vampires take to the field ready to claim their domain and become powerful lords in their own right. Blood calls to blood. The horrors and intrigues of Eastern Europe rise from the grave to embrace all Cainites who travel their cursed lands. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Guide to Microforms in Print , 1995 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Guide to Catholic Literature Walter Romig, 1968 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Global Trends 2030 National Intelligence Council, 2018-02-07 This important report, Global Trends 2030-Alternative Worlds, released in 2012 by the U.S. National Intelligence Council, describes megatrends and potential game changers for the next decades. Among the megatrends, it analyzes: - increased individual empowerment - the diffusion of power among states and the ascent of a networked multi-polar world - a world's population growing to 8.3 billion people, of which sixty percent will live in urbanized areas, and surging cross-border migration - expanding demand for food, water, and energy It furthermore describes potential game changers, including: - a global economy that could thrive or collapse - increased global insecurity due to regional instability in the Middle East and South Asia - new technologies that could solve the problems caused by the megatrends - the possibility, but by no means the certainty, that the U.S. with new partners will reinvent the international system Students of trends, forward-looking entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades will find this essential reading. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Walford's Guide to Reference Material: Social and historical sciences, philosophy and religion Albert John Walford, Marilyn Mullay, Priscilla Schlicke, Library Association, 1999 A revised and updated guide to reference material. It contains selective and evaluative entries to guide the enquirer to the best source of reference in each subject area, be it journal article, CD-ROM, on-line database, bibliography, encyclopaedia, monograph or directory. It features full critical annotations and reviewers' comments and comprehensive author-title and subject indexes. The contents include: philosophy and psychology; religion; social sciences, sociology, statistics, politics, economics, labour and employment; land and property, business organizations, finance and banking, and economic surveys; economic policies and controls, trade and commerce, business and management, and law; public administration, social services and welfare, education, customs and traditions; geography; biography; and history. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Carta's Official Guide to Israel Karṭa (Firm), 1983 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Will the Real Heretics Please Stand Up David W. Bercot, 1989 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series Library of Congress. Copyright Office, 1955 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Greece, Athens & the Mainland DK, 2015-06-02 Your in-depth guide to the very best of Greece, Athens, and the Mainland. Make the most of your trip to this beautiful region with our DK Eyewitness Travel Guide. Packed with insider tips to make your trip a success, you'll find a guide to Greece's stunning historic architecture and its scenic drives that let you experience the best hotels, bars, and shops that the city and coast have to offer. Try local delicacies at fantastic restaurants, bars, and clubs, and enjoy the great views in spots that will take your breath away. We have the best hotels for every budget, plus fun activities for the solitary traveler or for families and children visiting Greece. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Greece, Athens & the Mainland: + Detailed itineraries and don't-miss destination highlights at a glance. +Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. +Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. +Free, color pull-out map (print edition) marked with sights from the guide, a selected sight and street index, public transit information, practical information on getting around, and a chart for measuring walking distances. +Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. +Area maps marked with sights. +Detailed city maps include street finder indexes for easy navigation. +Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. +Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Greece, Athens & the Mainlandtruly shows you this destination as no one else can. Series Overview: For more than two decades, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides have helped travelers experience the world through the history, art, architecture, and culture of their destinations. Expert travel writers and researchers provide independent editorial advice, recommendations, and reviews. With guidebooks to hundreds of places around the globe available in print and digital formats, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides show travelers how they can discover more. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides: the most maps, photographs, and illustrations of any guide. Visit TravelDK.com to learn more. Reviews: Known... for its four-color maps, photos and illustrations, the [DK] Eyewitness Guides are extremely user-friendly for travelers who want their information delivered in a concise, visual way. - Chicago Tribune The best option... Color photos, maps, and diagrams bring the place to life. - The Philadelphia Inquirer Awards: Wanderlust Travel Awards 2009-2016 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Bazak Guide to Israel , 1978 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Craft in America Jo Lauria, Steve Fenton, 2007 Illustrated with 200 stunning photographs and encompassing objects from furniture and ceramics to jewelry and metal, this definitive work from Jo Lauria and Steve Fenton showcases some of the greatest pieces of American crafts of the last two centuries. Potter Craft |
crusader kings 3 council guide: A Sprig Of Broom Margaret Blake, 2011-12-01 Lady Cecily Hadfield has no alternative but to marry Thomas Cadwallader. However, Cecily is proud and haughty and promises that she will never be a meek and compliant wife to him, for he was part of the carnage that resulted in the death of King Richard. Strong and beautiful, Cecily cannot envisage what fate holds in store, or realize how near to scaffold she so carelessly wanders... |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Global Trends 2030 National Intelligence Council (U.S.), 2012 This report is intended to stimulate thinking about the rapid and vast geopolitical changes characterizing the world today and possible global trajectories over the next 15 years. As with the NIC's previous Global Trends reports, we do not seek to predict the future, which would be an impossible feat, but instead provide a framework for thinking about possible futures and their implications. In-depth research, detailed modeling and a variety of analytical tools drawn from public, private and academic sources were employed in the production of Global Trends 2030. NIC leadership engaged with experts in nearly 20 countries, from think tanks, banks, government offices and business groups, to solicit reviews of the report. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Cambridge Guide to Homer Corinne Ondine Pache, Casey Dué, Susan Lupack, Robert Lamberton, 2020-03-05 From its ancient incarnation as a song to recent translations in modern languages, Homeric epic remains an abiding source of inspiration for both scholars and artists that transcends temporal and linguistic boundaries. The Cambridge Guide to Homer examines the influence and meaning of Homeric poetry from its earliest form as ancient Greek song to its current status in world literature, presenting the information in a synthetic manner that allows the reader to gain an understanding of the different strands of Homeric studies. The volume is structured around three main themes: Homeric Song and Text; the Homeric World, and Homer in the World. Each section starts with a series of 'macropedia' essays arranged thematically that are accompanied by shorter complementary 'micropedia' articles. The Cambridge Guide to Homer thus traces the many routes taken by Homeric epic in the ancient world and its continuing relevance in different periods and cultures. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Brothers, We are Not Professionals John Piper, 2013 John Piper pleads with fellow pastors to abandon the professionalization of the pastorate and pursue the prophetic call of the Bible for radical ministry. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: TV Guide , 1961 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Red Hand of Doom Richard Baker, James Jacobs, 2006 An exciting super-adventure that pits heroes against an army bent on domination, this D&D Accessory includes encounters designed for use with the D&D miniatures game. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Canadian Style Public Works and Government Services Canada Translation Bureau, Dundurn Press Limited, 1997-09-01 The revised edition of The Canadian Style is an indispensable language guide for editors, copywriters, students, teachers, lawyers, journalists, secretaries and business people – in fact, anyone writing in the English language in Canada today. It provides concise, up-to-date answers to a host of questions on abbreviations, hyphenation, spelling, the use of capital letters, punctuation and frequently misused or confused words. It deals with letter, memo and report formats, notes, indexes and bibliographies, and geographical names. It also gives techniques for writing clearly and concisely, editing documents and avoiding stereotyping in communications. There is even an appendix on how to present French words in an English text. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: A Game of Thrones George R. R. Martin, 2003-01-01 NOW THE ACCLAIMED HBO SERIES GAME OF THRONES—THE MASTERPIECE THAT BECAME A CULTURAL PHENOMENON Winter is coming. Such is the stern motto of House Stark, the northernmost of the fiefdoms that owe allegiance to King Robert Baratheon in far-off King’s Landing. There Eddard Stark of Winterfell rules in Robert’s name. There his family dwells in peace and comfort: his proud wife, Catelyn; his sons Robb, Brandon, and Rickon; his daughters Sansa and Arya; and his bastard son, Jon Snow. Far to the north, behind the towering Wall, lie savage Wildings and worse—unnatural things relegated to myth during the centuries-long summer, but proving all too real and all too deadly in the turning of the season. Yet a more immediate threat lurks to the south, where Jon Arryn, the Hand of the King, has died under mysterious circumstances. Now Robert is riding north to Winterfell, bringing his queen, the lovely but cold Cersei, his son, the cruel, vainglorious Prince Joffrey, and the queen’s brothers Jaime and Tyrion of the powerful and wealthy House Lannister—the first a swordsman without equal, the second a dwarf whose stunted stature belies a brilliant mind. All are heading for Winterfell and a fateful encounter that will change the course of kingdoms. Meanwhile, across the Narrow Sea, Prince Viserys, heir of the fallen House Targaryen, which once ruled all of Westeros, schemes to reclaim the throne with an army of barbarian Dothraki—whose loyalty he will purchase in the only coin left to him: his beautiful yet innocent sister, Daenerys. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Church in Crisis Philip Hughes, 1961 |
crusader kings 3 council guide: Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature Anna Lorraine Guthrie, Bertha Tannehill, Neltje Marie Tannehill Shimer, 1989 An author subject index to selected general interest periodicals of reference value in libraries. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Alexiad Anna Komnene, 2009-08-06 A revised edition of Anna Komnene's Alexiad, to replace our existing 1969 edition. This is the first European narrative history written by a woman - an account of the reign of a Byzantine emperor through the eyes and words of his daughter which offers an unparalleled view of the Byzantine world in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide Stephenie Meyer, 2011-04-13 Immerse yourself in the world of Twilight with the official illustrated guide to the #1 New York Times bestselling series featuring exclusive illustrations, character profiles, and more! This must-have edition -- the only official guide -- is the definitive encyclopedic reference to the Twilight Saga and provides readers with everything they need to further explore the unforgettable world Stephenie Meyer created in Twilight, New Moon, Eclipse, Breaking Dawn, and The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner. This comprehensive handbook -- essential for every Twilight Saga fan -- is full-color throughout with nearly 100 gorgeous illustrations and photographs and with exclusive material, character profiles, genealogical charts, maps, extensive cross-references, and much more. It's here! #1 bestselling author Stephenie Meyer makes a triumphant return to the world of Twilight with the highly anticipated companion, Midnight Sun: the iconic love story of Bella and Edward told from the vampire's point of view. People do not want to just read Meyer's books; they want to climb inside them and live there. -- Time A literary phenomenon. -- The New York Times |
crusader kings 3 council guide: The Emerald Tablet Hermes Trismegistus, Isaac Newton, 2017-05-15 The Emerald Tablet, also known as the Smaragdine Table, or Tabula Smaragdina, is a compact and cryptic piece of the Hermetica reputed to contain the secret of the prima materia and its transmutation. It was highly regarded by European alchemists as the foundation of their art and its Hermetic tradition. The original source of the Emerald Tablet is unknown. Hermes Trismegistus is the author named in the text.The layers of meaning in the Emerald Tablet have been associated with the creation of the philosopher's stone, laboratory experimentation, phase transition, the alchemical magnum opus, the ancient, classical, element system, and the correspondence between macrocosm and microcosm. |
Crusades - Wikipedia
Beginning with the First Crusade, which culminated in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099, these expeditions spanned centuries and became a central aspect of European political, religious, and …
Definition, History, Map, Significance, & Legacy - Britannica
Apr 19, 2025 · Crusades, military expeditions, beginning in the late 11th century, that were organized by western European Christians in response to centuries of Muslim wars of expansion.
Crusades - World History Encyclopedia
Oct 12, 2018 · The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and then defend …
The Crusades: Definition, Religious Wars & Facts | HISTORY
Jun 7, 2010 · To govern the conquered territory, those who remained established four large western settlements, or Crusader states, in Jerusalem, Edessa, Antioch and Tripoli.
The Crusades - Jewish Virtual Library
The Crusades were a series of military expeditions conducted by European Christians in the 11 th, 12 th and 13 th centuries to conquer the land of Israel from the Muslims or to repel their …
Smarthistory – The Crusades
Crusades were religious wars undertaken by Christians from western Europe. Their goal was to capture the Holy Lands of the eastern Mediterranean and specifically Jerusalem from Muslims. …
What Were the Crusades and How Did They Impact Jerusalem?
Nov 3, 2024 · Beginning in 1095 and continuing for two centuries, crusader armies repeatedly crossed between Europe and the Middle East. Opposing them were Muslim forces from Asia and …
Crusades - Holy War, Kingdoms, Reconquista | Britannica
Apr 19, 2025 · The Crusade of 1101 was organized by Pope Paschal II to reinforce Christian rule in the Holy Land. By 1112 Arsuf, Caesarea, Acre, Beirut, and Sidon had been taken, and the entire …
What were the Crusades? - Live Science
Nov 12, 2021 · During the First Crusade, which lasted from 1095 to 1099, European Christian armies defeated Jerusalem and established the Crusader States. After the Fifth Crusade, some modern …
Crusader states - Wikipedia
The Crusader states, or Outremer, were four Catholic polities established in the Levant region and southeastern Anatolia from 1098 to 1291.
Crusades - Wikipedia
Beginning with the First Crusade, which culminated in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099, these expeditions spanned centuries and became a central aspect of European political, religious, …
Definition, History, Map, Significance, & Legacy - Britannica
Apr 19, 2025 · Crusades, military expeditions, beginning in the late 11th century, that were organized by western European Christians in response to centuries of Muslim wars of expansion.
Crusades - World History Encyclopedia
Oct 12, 2018 · The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and …
The Crusades: Definition, Religious Wars & Facts | HISTORY
Jun 7, 2010 · To govern the conquered territory, those who remained established four large western settlements, or Crusader states, in Jerusalem, Edessa, Antioch and Tripoli.
The Crusades - Jewish Virtual Library
The Crusades were a series of military expeditions conducted by European Christians in the 11 th, 12 th and 13 th centuries to conquer the land of Israel from the Muslims or to repel their …
Smarthistory – The Crusades
Crusades were religious wars undertaken by Christians from western Europe. Their goal was to capture the Holy Lands of the eastern Mediterranean and specifically Jerusalem from Muslims. …
What Were the Crusades and How Did They Impact Jerusalem?
Nov 3, 2024 · Beginning in 1095 and continuing for two centuries, crusader armies repeatedly crossed between Europe and the Middle East. Opposing them were Muslim forces from Asia …
Crusades - Holy War, Kingdoms, Reconquista | Britannica
Apr 19, 2025 · The Crusade of 1101 was organized by Pope Paschal II to reinforce Christian rule in the Holy Land. By 1112 Arsuf, Caesarea, Acre, Beirut, and Sidon had been taken, and the …
What were the Crusades? - Live Science
Nov 12, 2021 · During the First Crusade, which lasted from 1095 to 1099, European Christian armies defeated Jerusalem and established the Crusader States. After the Fifth Crusade, …
Crusader states - Wikipedia
The Crusader states, or Outremer, were four Catholic polities established in the Levant region and southeastern Anatolia from 1098 to 1291.