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| chai language of origin: Standing Water Eleanor Chai, 2016-04-12 A profound literary debut that recounts a child’s singular story Since I made you, you may imagine I set myself on fire— or better, say: you lit the funeral pyre from ten thousand days away. A young woman in Paris encounters an uncanny presence on a tour of a small museum. A study by Rodin of the dancer Little Hanako—titled Head of Sorrow—triggers in the young woman recognition of her mother, a mother erased from her life since childhood. Thus begins Eleanor Chai’s Standing Water, one of the most remarkable first books of poetry in recent years. It is a journey into the past as well as the present—into the narrative hidden from the poet since birth, as well as the strategies that she has adopted to survive. It is a journey about how we learn to cope with, to perceive and describe, the world. It is a story about savage privilege and deprivation. Haunting the whole is the figure of the real Little Hanako—Rodin’s model, a Japanese artist displaced in Europe, the medium through which other artists dream and discover the world. |
| chai language of origin: Languages of the World Asya Pereltsvaig, 2012-02-09 Introduces readers to the rich diversity of human languages, familiarizing them with the variety of languages around the world. |
| chai language of origin: The Name Book Dorothy Astoria, 2008-11-01 Baby-naming has become an art form with parents today, but where do parents go to find names and their meanings? The Name Book offers particular inspiration to those who want more than just a list of popular names. From Aaron to Zoe, this useful book includes the cultural origin, the literal meaning, and the spiritual significance of more than 10,000 names. An appropriate verse of Scripture accompanies each name, offering parents a special way to bless their children. |
| chai language of origin: Love, Chai, and Other Four-Letter Words Annika Sharma, 2021-09-21 A sweet story of finding love where you least expected to. A romp through New York City with fresh immigrant eyes. Kiran and Nash's journey to learning to see themselves and others across boundaries and preconceived notions will warm your heart.—Sonali Dev, author of Recipe for Persuasion She's determined to be the perfect daughter, until she meets the perfect guy... Kiran Mathur knows firsthand how dangerous love can be. After all, her sister's marriage in India nearly destroyed Kiran's family. So she's decided to redeem romance herself—by not falling for anyone who might disappoint her parents. That is, until she meets her new neighbor Nash Hawthorne. Nash is a dedicated doctor and committed to being alone. His family life has taught him the inevitability of abandonment, and he isn't ready to question his beliefs. But in spending time with Kiran, he starts to experience emotion he's never felt before. For both, love feels like a risk. But when the future only starts to make sense with each other, it might be time to follow their hearts... Praise for Love, Chai, and Other Four-Letter Words: LOVE, CHAI, AND OTHER FOUR LETTER WORDS is a delight... As warm and comforting as perfect masala chai.—Farah Heron, author of Accidentally Engaged Captivating.—Library Journal, STARRED Review Not-to-be-missed.—Booklist, STARRED Review |
| chai language of origin: The Book of Tea Kakuzo Okakura, 2006 The Book of Tea is a brief but classic essay on tea drinking, its history, restorative powers, and rich connection to Japanese culture. Okakura felt that Teaism was at the very center of Japanese life and helped shape everything from art, aesthetics, and an appreciation for the ephemeral to architecture, design, gardens, and painting. In tea could be found one source of what Okakura felt was Japan's and, by extension, Asia's unique power to influence the world. Containing both a history of tea in Japan and lucid, wide-ranging comments on the schools of tea, Zen, Taoism, flower arranging, and the tea ceremony and its tea-masters, this book is deservedly a timeless classic and will be of interest to anyone interested in the Japanese arts and ways. Book jacket. |
| chai language of origin: A Clockwork Orange Anthony Burgess, 2011 A brilliant novel . . . a savage satire on the distortions of the single and collective minds. -New York Times Anthony Burgess has written what looks like a nasty little shocker, but is really that rare thing in English letters: a philosophical novel. -Time |
| chai language of origin: A History of the Chinese Language Hongyuan Dong, 2020-12-31 A History of the Chinese Language provides a comprehensive introduction to the historical development of the Chinese language from its Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots in prehistoric times to Modern Standard Chinese. Taking a highly accessible and balanced approach, it presents a chronological survey of the various stages of the Chinese language, covering key aspects such as phonology, syntax, and semantics. The second edition presents a revised and updated version that reflects recent scholarship in Chinese historical linguistics and new developments in related disciplines. Features include: Coverage of the major historical stages in Chinese language development, such as Old Chinese, Middle Chinese, Early Modern Chinese, and Modern Standard Chinese. Treatment of core linguistic aspects of the Chinese language, including phonological changes, grammatical development, lexical evolution, vernacular writing, the Chinese writing system, and Chinese dialects. Inclusion of authentic Chinese texts throughout the book, presented within a rigorous framework of linguistic analysis to help students to build up critical and evaluative skills and acquire valuable cultural knowledge. Integration of materials from different disciplines, such as archaeology, genetics, history, and sociolinguistics, to highlight the cultural and social background of each period of the language. Written by a highly experienced instructor, A History of the Chinese Language will be an essential resource for students of Chinese language and linguistics and for anyone interested in the history and culture of China. |
| chai language of origin: Oxford Dictionary of English Angus Stevenson, 2010-08-19 The Oxford Dictionary of English offers authoritative and in-depth coverage of over 350,000 words, phrases, and meanings. The foremost single-volume authority on the English language. |
| chai language of origin: An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language Walter William Skeat, 1882 |
| chai language of origin: French Words M. H. Offord, 2001-01-01 Using an original mode of presentation, the 'textbite', this book seeks to approach the French vocabulary from as many angles as possible - showing how French words are constructed, the difficulties inherent in defining a word, the relationships words enter into, their origins, and recent trends in word formation. Examples and exercises are provided throughout. |
| chai language of origin: 9Ø9إ9ج9ح9ؤ9ѳ9إ9®9ة9إ9® Michael L. Munk, 1983 For more than a generation, Rabbi Michael L. Munk, as a sidelight to his busy schedule of educational and communal work, has fascinated audiences with his learned and provocative lectures on the Hebrew alphabet. In the process of opening eyes and raising eyebrows, he has convinced countless people that his contention is true: the Hebrew alphabet abounds in scholarly and mystical meaning. He has developed and proven a profound thesis. The alphabet -- if correctly understood -- is a primer for life. Ethical conduct, religious guidance, philosophical insights, all are nestled in the curls, crowns, and combinations of the Hebrew letters. This is one of those rare books that is both interesting and profound, learned and readable. The wisdom and compassion of the author is evident in those subtle ways that do not intrude on the reader, but give him the satisfaction of knowing that a rich, warm, productive lifetime of experience is flavoring the text. |
| chai language of origin: The Swahili Derek Nurse, Thomas Spear, 2017-06-10 As an introduction to how the history of an African society can be reconstructed from largely nonliterate sources, and to the Swahili in particular, . . . a model work.—International Journal of African Historical Studies |
| chai language of origin: The True History of Tea Erling Hoh, Victor H. Mair, 2009-03-24 A lively and beautifully illustrated history of one of the world's favorite beverages and its uses through the ages. World-renowned sinologist Victor H. Mair teams up with journalist Erling Hoh to tell the story of this remarkable beverage and its uses, from ancient times to the present, from East to West. For the first time in a popular history of tea, the Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, and Mongolian annals have been thoroughly consulted and carefully sifted. The resulting narrative takes the reader from the jungles of Southeast Asia to the splendor of the Tang and Song Dynasties, from the tea ceremony politics of medieval Japan to the fabled tea and horse trade of Central Asia and the arrival of the first European vessels in Far Eastern waters. Through the centuries, tea has inspired artists, enhanced religious experience, played a pivotal role in the emergence of world trade, and triggered cataclysmic events that altered the course of humankind. How did green tea become the national beverage of Morocco? And who was the beautiful Emma Hart, immortalized by George Romney in his painting The Tea-maker of Edgware Road? No other drink has touched the daily lives of so many people in so many different ways. The True History of Tea brings these disparate aspects together in an entertaining tale that combines solid scholarship with an eye for the quirky, offbeat paths that tea has strayed upon during its long voyage. It celebrates the common heritage of a beverage we have all come to love, and plays a crucial part in the work of dismantling that obsolete dictum: East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet. |
| chai language of origin: The Chinese Language John DeFrancis, 1986-03-01 DeFrancis's book is first rate. It entertains. It teaches. It demystifies. It counteracts popular ignorance as well as sophisticated (cocktail party) ignorance. Who could ask for anything more? There is no other book like it. ... It is one of a kind, a first, and I would not only buy it but I would recommend it to friends and colleagues, many of whom are visiting China now and are adding 'two-week-expert' ignorance to the two kinds that existed before. This is a book for everyone. --Joshua A. Fishman, research professor of social sciences, Yeshiva University, New York Professor De Francis has produced a work of great effectiveness that should appeal to a wide-ranging audience. It is at once instructive and entertaining. While being delighted by the flair of his novel approach, the reader will also be led to ponder on some of the most fundamental problems concerning the relations between written languages and spoken languages. Specifically, he will be served a variety of information on the languages of East Asia, not as dry pedantic facts, but as appealing tidbits that whet the intellectual appetite. The expert will find much to reflect on in this book, for Professor DeFrancis takes nothing for granted. --William S.Y. Wang, professor of linguistics, University of California at Berkeley |
| chai language of origin: The Origins of Chinese Civilization David N. Keightley, 2023-11-15 The seventeen contributors to this interdisciplinary volume bring to the study of early China the analytical concerns of archeology, art history, botany, climatology, cultural and physical anthropology, ethnography, epigraphy, linguistics, metallurgy, and political and social history. Readers interested in such topics as the origin of rice or millet agriculture, the origin of writing, the nature of the trie, and the processes of state formation will find much value here. They will find, too, major hypotheses about teh cultural importance of ecogeographical zones in China, Neolithic interaction between the east coast and Central Plains, the remarkable homogeneity of early Chinese crania, and the links between the Hsia, Shang, and Chou dynasties. Relying on recently published archaeological evidence and the insights gained from carbon-14 and thermoluminescent datings, the authors provide original and significant interpretations of the nature of Chinese civilization in its formative stage and the processes by which civilizations form. Since there is little doubt that the complex of culture traits which defines Chinese civilization in the second and fist millennia B.C. developed from a Chinese Neolithic stage, the origin of the Chinese civilization is worth studying not only in its own right but as an instance of the indigenous development of civilizations in general. This volume will appeal to all who are intersted in the genesis of civilization and the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age; it summarizes that state of present knowledge about China and suggests research strategies and hypotheses for the future. Contributors:Noel BarnardK. C. ChangTe-Tzu ChangCheung Kwong-YueWayne H. FoggUrsula Martius FranklinMorton H. FriedW. W. HowellsLouisa G. Fitzgerald HuberKarl JettmarDavid N. KeightleyFang Kuei LiHui-Lin LiWilliam MeachamRichard PearsonE.G. PulleyblankRobert Orr Whyte This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983. |
| chai language of origin: A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java Jonathan Rigg, 1862 |
| chai language of origin: People Love Dead Jews: Reports from a Haunted Present Dara Horn, 2021-09-07 Winner of the 2021 National Jewish Book Award for Contemporary Jewish Life and Practice Finalist for the 2021 Kirkus Prize in Nonfiction A New York Times Notable Book of the Year A Wall Street Journal, Chicago Public Library, Publishers Weekly, and Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year A startling and profound exploration of how Jewish history is exploited to comfort the living. Renowned and beloved as a prizewinning novelist, Dara Horn has also been publishing penetrating essays since she was a teenager. Often asked by major publications to write on subjects related to Jewish culture—and increasingly in response to a recent wave of deadly antisemitic attacks—Horn was troubled to realize what all of these assignments had in common: she was being asked to write about dead Jews, never about living ones. In these essays, Horn reflects on subjects as far-flung as the international veneration of Anne Frank, the mythology that Jewish family names were changed at Ellis Island, the blockbuster traveling exhibition Auschwitz, the marketing of the Jewish history of Harbin, China, and the little-known life of the righteous Gentile Varian Fry. Throughout, she challenges us to confront the reasons why there might be so much fascination with Jewish deaths, and so little respect for Jewish lives unfolding in the present. Horn draws upon her travels, her research, and also her own family life—trying to explain Shakespeare’s Shylock to a curious ten-year-old, her anger when swastikas are drawn on desks in her children’s school, the profound perspective offered by traditional religious practice and study—to assert the vitality, complexity, and depth of Jewish life against an antisemitism that, far from being disarmed by the mantra of Never forget, is on the rise. As Horn explores the (not so) shocking attacks on the American Jewish community in recent years, she reveals the subtler dehumanization built into the public piety that surrounds the Jewish past—making the radical argument that the benign reverence we give to past horrors is itself a profound affront to human dignity. Now including a reading group guide. |
| chai language of origin: Quarks, Elephants & Pierogi Mikołaj Gliński, Matthew Davies, Adam Żuławski, 2018 Can you distil the essence of a country into just 100 words? We think so. 'Quarks, Elephants & Pierogi: Poland in 100 Word' will make you fall in love with a country with one of the most unusual histories out there. It'll also show you how languages intersect and whole cultures arise, and make you realise just how interwoven our world is. Along the way, you'll find out why quarks are made from curd cheese, learn what elephants have to do with a Central European country, and discover how pierogi saved an entire town. Plus, you'll get to enjoy 100 illustrations by Polish graphic designer Magda Burdzyńska--Back cover. |
| chai language of origin: Language Otto Jespersen, 1922 |
| chai language of origin: Ten Times Chai , 2017 Michael Weinstein gives readers a tour of 180 beautiful synagogues throughout the boroughs of New York City. This coffee-table book¿s 613 photos represent each of the mitzvot, or commandments, of Judaism in the Torah. Michael shares the dates that these stunning synagogues were founded as well as their names, including their English translations. |
| chai language of origin: Word Travelers and the Taj Mahal Mystery Raj Haldar, 2021-10-05 Are you ready for adventure? The first book in a new action-packed series from bestselling author Raj Haldar follows two best friends as they race to different parts of the world to solve mysteries and uncover lost treasures! It's a Super Saturday sleepover! That means best friends Eddie and Molly-Jean (who prefers to be called MJ) are going to play outside, create obstacle courses for MJ's newts, and watch their favorite movies—and then they'll travel to India to solve a mystery and help save a school—all before bedtime! This action-packed mystery story is perfect for anyone looking for: A wild adventure around the world that middle school kids will love! A story of two best friends solving mysteries with a little magic! Cool, new knowledge tucked inside an epic chapter book! A journey to India to learn the Hindi roots of the English language Magically travel around the world along with two best friends who decipher clues and uncover mysterious secrets. Can you help them find the golden key? Reminiscent of Mary Pope Osborne's Magic Tree House series...contains the same mix of fantasy, adventure, and cultural discovery. Etymology is the distinctive feature here, and its importance is reflected in every part of the text.—School Library Journal, starred review |
| chai language of origin: Understanding Language Contact Evangelia Adamou, Barbara E. Bullock, Almeida Jacqueline Toribio, 2023-08-29 Understanding Language Contact offers an accessible and empirically grounded introduction to contact linguistics. Rather than taking a traditional focus on the outcomes of language contact, this book takes the novel approach of considering these outcomes as an endpoint of bilingualism and multilingualism. Covering speech production and comprehension, language diffusion across different interactional networks and timeframes, and the historical outcomes of contact-induced language change, this book: Discusses both how these areas relate to one another and how they correspond to different theoretical fields and methodologies; Draws together concepts and methodological/theoretical advances from the related fields of bilingualism and sociolinguistics to show how these can shed new light on the traditional field of contact linguistics; Presents up-to-date research in a digestible form; Includes examples from a wide range of contact languages, including Creoles and pidgins; Indigenous, minority, and heritage languages; mixed languages; and immigrants' linguistic practices, to illustrate ideas and concepts; Features exercises to test students’ understanding as well as suggestions for further reading to expand knowledge in specific areas. Written by three experienced teachers and researchers in this area, Understanding Language Contact is key reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students approaching bilingualism and language contact for the first time. |
| chai language of origin: The Classic of Tea Yu Lu, Francis Ross Carpenter, 1974 Discusses the history and tradition of brewing and drinking tea, covering ingredient selection, brewing equipment, and the tea drinking environment |
| chai language of origin: Sweet Cream and Sugar Cones Kris Hoogerhyde, Anne Walker, Dabney Gough, 2012-04-17 San Francisco’s Bi-Rite Creamery is as well known for its small-batch, handcrafted, show-stoppingly inventive ice cream as it is for the long line that snakes around the block. Guests young and old flock to the destination ice cream shop, craving a toasty banana split, a jewel-toned ice pop, a scoop of cooling sorbet, a mouthwatering ice cream sandwich, or one of the best ice cream cakes around. Lucky for ice cream lovers, Bi-Rite Creamery’s secret is in plain sight: their irresistible goods are all made using top quality, farm-fresh, seasonal ingredients—locally sourced, whenever possible—and now you can bring their legendary creations into your home. This essential guide to making your own delicious ice cream and treats covers all the classic flavors and delectable variations, plus creative combinations like Orange-Cardamom,Chai-Spiced Milk Chocolate, Balsamic Strawberry, Malted Vanilla with Peanut Brittle and Milk Chocolate, and Honey Lavender. Driven by the Creamery’s most popular flavors, each chapter in Sweet Cream and Sugar Cones serves as a meditation on a particular ingredient. Featuring recipes for Bi-Rite’s famed cakes, frostings, pie crusts, and cookies, you can easily mix and match to create an infinite array of delicious custom frozen treats. Filled with step-by-step techniques and insider’s secrets, this lavishly illustrated cookbook will turn your kitchen into a personal Bi-Rite Creamery (without the long line). |
| chai language of origin: The Origin of Values Raymond Boudon, 2017-07-12 Values have always been a central topic in both philosophy and the social sciences. Statements about what is good or bad, fair or unfair, legitimate or illegitimate, express clear beliefs about human existence. The fact that values differ from culture to culture and century to century opens many questions. In The Origin of Values, Raymond Boudon offers empirical, data-based analysis of existing theories about values, while developing his own perspective as to why people accept or reject value statements. Boudon classifies the main theories of value, including those based on firm belief, social or biological factors, and rational or utilitarian attitudes. He discusses the popular and widely influential Rational Choice Model and critiques the postmodernist approach. Boudon investigates why relativism has become so powerful and contrasts it with the naturalism represented by the work of James Q. Wilson on moral sensibility. He follows with a constructive attempt to develop a new theory, beginning with Weber's idea of non-instrumental rationality as the basis for a more complex idea of rationality. Applying Boudon's own and existing theories of value to political issues and social ideas—the end of apartheid, the death penalty, multiculturalism, communitarianism—The Origin of Values is a significant work. Boudon fulfills a major task of social science: explanation of collective belief. His book will be of interest to sociologists, philosophers, psychologists, and political scientists. |
| chai language of origin: The Indo-European Controversy Asya Pereltsvaig, Martin W. Lewis, 2015-04-30 This book challenges media-celebrated evolutionary studies linking Indo-European languages to Neolithic Anatolia, instead defending traditional practices in historical linguistics. |
| chai language of origin: The Standard Intermediate-school Dictionary of the English Language James Champlin Fernald, 1899 |
| chai language of origin: Translingual Words Jieun Kiaer, 2018-12-07 Translingual Words is a detailed case study on lexical integration, or mediation, occurring between East Asian languages and English(es). In Part I, specific examples from global linguistic corpora are used to discuss the issues involved in lexical interaction between East Asia and the English-speaking world. Part II explores the spread of East Asian words in English, while Part III discusses English words which can be found in East Asian languages. Translingual Words presents a novel approach on hybrid words by challenging the orthodox ideas on lexical borrowing and explaining the dynamic growth of new words based on translingualism and transculturalism. |
| chai language of origin: The Priory of the Orange Tree Samantha Shannon, 2019-02-26 The New York Times bestselling epic feminist fantasy perfect for fans of Game of Thrones (Bustle). NAMED A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR BY: AMAZON (Top 100 Editors Picks and Science Fiction and Fantasy) * CHICAGO PUBLIC LIBRARY * BOOKPAGE * AUTOSTRADDLE A world divided. A queendom without an heir. An ancient enemy awakens. The House of Berethnet has ruled Inys for a thousand years. Still unwed, Queen Sabran the Ninth must conceive a daughter to protect her realm from destruction--but assassins are getting closer to her door. Ead Duryan is an outsider at court. Though she has risen to the position of lady-in-waiting, she is loyal to a hidden society of mages. Ead keeps a watchful eye on Sabran, secretly protecting her with forbidden magic. Across the dark sea, Tané has trained all her life to be a dragonrider, but is forced to make a choice that could see her life unravel. Meanwhile, the divided East and West refuse to parley, and forces of chaos are rising from their sleep. |
| chai language of origin: Tea in China James A. Benn, 2015-04-23 Tea in China explores the contours of religious and cultural transformation in traditional China from the point of view of an everyday commodity and popular beverage. The work traces the development of tea drinking from its mythical origins to the nineteenth century and examines the changes in aesthetics, ritual, science, health, and knowledge that tea brought with it. The shift in drinking habits that occurred in late medieval China cannot be understood without an appreciation of the fact that Buddhist monks were responsible for not only changing people's attitudes toward the intoxicating substance, but also the proliferation of tea drinking. Monks had enjoyed a long association with tea in South China, but it was not until Lu Yu's compilation of the Chajing (The Classic of Tea) and the spread of tea drinking by itinerant Chan monastics that tea culture became popular throughout the empire and beyond. Tea was important for maintaining long periods of meditation; it also provided inspiration for poets and profoundly affected the ways in which ideas were exchanged. Prior to the eighth century, the aristocratic drinking party had excluded monks from participating in elite culture. Over cups of tea, however, monks and literati could meet on equal footing and share in the same aesthetic values. Monks and scholars thus found common ground in the popular stimulant—one with few side effects that was easily obtainable and provided inspiration and energy for composing poetry and meditating. In addition, rituals associated with tea drinking were developed in Chan monasteries, aiding in the transformation of China's sacred landscape at the popular and elite level. Pilgrimages to monasteries that grew their own tea were essential in the spread of tea culture, and some monasteries owned vast tea plantations. By the end of the ninth century, tea was a vital component in the Chinese economy and in everyday life. Tea in China transcends the boundaries of religious studies and cultural history as it draws on a broad range of materials—poetry, histories, liturgical texts, monastic regulations—many translated or analyzed for the first time. The book will be of interest to scholars of East Asia and all those concerned with the religious dimensions of commodity culture in the premodern world. |
| chai language of origin: Language Dispersal, Diversification, and Contact Mily Crevels, Pieter Muysken, 2020-07-25 This book addresses the complex question of how and why languages have spread across the globe: why do we find large language families distributed over a wide area in some regions, while elsewhere we find clusters of very small families or language isolates? What roles have agriculture, geography, climate, ethnic identity, and language ideologies played in language spread? In this volume, international experts in the field provide new answers to these and related questions, drawing on the increasingly large databases available and on novel analytical research techniques. The first part of the volume outlines some general issues and approaches in the study of language dispersal, diversification, and contact. In the rest of the volume, chapters compare the language and population histories of three major regions - Island Southeast Asia/Oceania, Africa, and South America - which show particularly interesting contrasts in the distribution of languages and language families. The volume is interdisciplinary in approach, with insights from archaeology, genetics, anthropology, and geography, and will be of interest to a wide range of scholars interested in language diversity and contact. |
| chai language of origin: Chai Rekha Sarin, Rajan Kapoor, 2014 Experience the cultural history of Indian tea production; journey across this rich and fascinating country, to discover ancient landscapes, the natural environments of tea cultivation, the passions and the human story behind one of the most celebrated and sought after beverages. |
| chai language of origin: Accursed Tower Roger Crowley, 2019-11-19 The city of Acre, powerfully fortified and richly provisioned, was the last crusader stronghold. When it fell in 1291, two hundred years of Christian crusading in the Holy Land came to a bloody end. With his customary narrative brilliance and immediacy, Roger Crowley chronicles the tumultuous and violent attack on Acre, the heaviest bombardment before the age of gunpowder, which left this once great Mediterranean city a crumbling ruin.The ‘Accursed Tower’ was the focal point of this siege. As the last garrison of the Crusader defences, it came to symbolise the disintegration of the old world and the rise of a new era of Islamic jihad. Crowley’s narrative is based on forensic research, drawing heavily on little known first hand sources, both Christian and Arabic. This is a fast-paced and gripping account of a pivotal moment in world history. |
| chai language of origin: The Harvard Medical School Guide to Tai Chi Peter M. Wayne, PhD, 2013-04-09 A longtime teacher and Harvard researcher presents the latest science on the benefits of T’ai Chi as well as a practical daily program for practitioners of all ages Conventional medical science on the Chinese art of T’ai Chi now shows what T’ai Chi masters have known for centuries: regular practice leads to more vigor and flexibility, better balance and mobility, and a sense of well-being. Cutting-edge research from Harvard Medical School also supports the long-standing claims that T’ai Chi also has a beneficial impact on the health of the heart, bones, nerves and muscles, immune system, and the mind. This research provides fascinating insight into the underlying physiological mechanisms that explain how T’ai Chi actually works. Dr. Peter M. Wayne, a longtime T’ai Chi teacher and a researcher at Harvard Medical School, developed and tested protocols similar to the simplified program he includes in this book, which is suited to people of all ages, and can be done in just a few minutes a day. This book includes: • The basic program, illustrated by more than 50 photographs • Practical tips for integrating T’ai Chi into everyday activities • An introduction to the traditional principles of T’ai Chi • Up-to-date summaries of the research on the health benefits of T’ai Chi • How T’ai Chi can enhance work productivity, creativity, and sports performance • And much more |
| chai language of origin: Nation, Language, Islam Helen M. Faller, 2011-04-10 A detailed academic treatise of the history of nationality in Tatarstan. The book demonstrates how state collapse and national revival influenced the divergence of worldviews among ex-Soviet people in Tatarstan, where a political movement for sovereignty (1986-2000) had significant social effects, most saliently, by increasing the domains where people speak the Tatar language and circulating ideas associated with Tatar culture. Also addresses the question of how Russian Muslims experience quotidian life in the post-Soviet period. The only book-length ethnography in English on Tatars, Russia’s second most populous nation, and also the largest Muslim community in the Federation, offers a major contribution to our understanding of how and why nations form and how and why they matter – and the limits of their influence, in the Tatar case. |
| chai language of origin: English as a Contact Language Daniel Schreier, Marianne Hundt, 2013-01-17 Recent developments in contact linguistics suggest considerable overlap of branches such as historical linguistics, variationist sociolinguistics, pidgin/creole linguistics, language acquisition, etc. This book highlights the complexity of contact-induced language change throughout the history of English by bringing together cutting-edge research from these fields. Special focus is on recent debates surrounding substratal influence in earlier forms of English (particularly Celtic influence in Old English), on language shift processes (the formation of Irish and overseas varieties) but also on dialects in contact, the contact origins of Standard English, the notion of new epicentres in World English, the role of children and adults in language change as well as transfer and language learning. With contributions from leading experts, the book offers fresh and exciting perspectives for research and is at the same time an up-to-date overview of the state of the art in the respective fields. |
| chai language of origin: Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Commercial, Industrial and Scientific Edward Balfour, 1873 |
| chai language of origin: Within Every Flame Alanna Peterson, 2021-12-01 Andi Lin is ready to put the past behind her. After Nutrexo’s former CEO lands behind bars, she’s hopeful that she’ll be able to move on. But when Blazin Bitz reappear on the shelves, she realizes this story is far from over. The Mirzapours also want a fresh start. Cyrus pivots to the tech world and finds himself part of a new team, where he unearths deeply personal secrets about his closest allies. Roya reconnects with an old friend, who gives her a dangerous—and seemingly impossible—mission. And as Naveed struggles to get back on his feet, an enigmatic visitor approaches him with a disturbing request. Shadowy forces are stalking them all, and the pressure is rising. Who will find their hidden strength... and who will explode? This engrossing third installment of the Call of the Crow Quartet follows four beloved characters as they grapple with the past, contend with complicated relationships, and start to build their futures. |
| chai language of origin: The Story of Swahili John M. Mugane, 2015-07-15 Swahili was once an obscure dialect of an East African Bantu language. Today more than one hundred million people use it: Swahili is to eastern and central Africa what English is to the world. From its embrace in the 1960s by the black freedom movement in the United States to its adoption in 2004 as the African Union’s official language, Swahili has become a truly international language. How this came about and why, of all African languages, it happened only to Swahili is the story that John M. Mugane sets out to explore. The remarkable adaptability of Swahili has allowed Africans and others to tailor the language to their needs, extending its influence far beyond its place of origin. Its symbolic as well as its practical power has evolved from its status as a language of contact among diverse cultures, even as it embodies the history of communities in eastern and central Africa and throughout the Indian Ocean world. The Story of Swahili calls for a reevaluation of the widespread assumption that cultural superiority, military conquest, and economic dominance determine a language’s prosperity. This sweeping history gives a vibrant, living language its due, highlighting its nimbleness from its beginnings to its place today in the fast-changing world of global communication. |
| chai language of origin: Six Dynasties Civilization Albert E. Dien, Professor Albert E Dien, 2007-01-01 The Six Dynasties, also known as the Dark Age” of Chinese history, was a period of political disunity and conflict but also one of important developments in the arts, religion, and culture. This comprehensive and extensively illustrated book covers the material culture of the Six Dynasties, A.D. 220 to 589. Albert E. Dien, a foremost expert on the period, draws on the archaeological findings of mainland China journals as well as historical and literary sources to clarify and interpret the database of over 1,800 tombs developed for this volume. During the Six Dynasties, the influences of non-Chinese nomads, the flourishing of Buddhism, and increasing numbers of foreign merchants in the capitals brought about widespread change. The book explores what the archaeological artifacts reveal about this era of innovation and experimentation between the Han and Tang dynasties. |
What Is Chai and How to Make It - Food & Wine
Jan 4, 2023 · Chai is a way of life in India. Almost everywhere you go—in trains, on streets, in sari shops—you will see people gulping down the sweet, spicy, milky beverage. In America, "chai" …
What Is Chai? | Food Network
Oct 7, 2022 · Chai is a sweet and spicy beverage made with black tea, a combination of spices and sweetener, boiled with milk and water. What you need to know about its history and how …
Homemade Chai Recipe - Simply Recipes
Apr 19, 2024 · Chai is tea, black tea, but tea steeped in milk, flavored with spices such as cinnamon, cardamom, and star anise, and sweetened with sugar or honey. This wonderful …
Authentic Indian Homemade Chai Recipe - Cooking Curries
Sep 3, 2023 · Easy step by step recipe for you to learn how to make authentic delicious homemade Indian chai from scratch. 10 minutes is all it takes to make a gorgeous cup of chai …
How Chai Tea Can Improve Your Health
Jul 13, 2023 · Chai tea is a fragrant, spicy tea that may help boost heart health, aid digestion, and help with weight loss. You’ll get the most health benefits from your tea by opting for a …
Authentic Homemade Indian Chai Tea Recipe - Foodess
Nov 29, 2016 · An actually-authentic Indian Chai tea recipe, as made for me by my lovely Indian mother-in-law. Make perfect chai at home using this method.
Chai Recipe - Serious Eats
Oct 25, 2023 · Chai, in the context of Indian cuisine, refers to tea made from boiled black tea with spices and boiled and aerated milk. Learn why tea type selection matters and how to properly …
What Is Chai? - Allrecipes
Apr 10, 2023 · The spicy, sweet, and creamy allure of chai is undeniable, but what is it exactly? Learn all about this coffeehouse favorite, from its Indian roots to how to create a satisfying cup …
Chai Tea 101 - Definition, History, Tips, & Preparation - Art of Tea
Chai tea is an aromatic beverage that blends black tea with various herbs and spices. The most common spices used in chai are cinnamon, cardamom, ginger, clove, black pepper, and star …
What is Chai? The Best Recipe and Guide - Chala Chai
Aug 9, 2024 · Chai is the Hindi word for tea. In the West, Masala chai (spiced tea) is often called “chai tea”. So why do people call it “Chai Tea” (“tea tea”)? The reason for this is that it simply …
What Is Chai and How to Make It - Food & Wine
Jan 4, 2023 · Chai is a way of life in India. Almost everywhere you go—in trains, on streets, in sari shops—you will see people gulping down the sweet, spicy, milky beverage. In America, "chai" …
What Is Chai? | Food Network
Oct 7, 2022 · Chai is a sweet and spicy beverage made with black tea, a combination of spices and sweetener, boiled with milk and water. What you need to know about its history and how …
Homemade Chai Recipe - Simply Recipes
Apr 19, 2024 · Chai is tea, black tea, but tea steeped in milk, flavored with spices such as cinnamon, cardamom, and star anise, and sweetened with sugar or honey. This wonderful …
Authentic Indian Homemade Chai Recipe - Cooking Curries
Sep 3, 2023 · Easy step by step recipe for you to learn how to make authentic delicious homemade Indian chai from scratch. 10 minutes is all it takes to make a gorgeous cup of chai …
How Chai Tea Can Improve Your Health
Jul 13, 2023 · Chai tea is a fragrant, spicy tea that may help boost heart health, aid digestion, and help with weight loss. You’ll get the most health benefits from your tea by opting for a …
Authentic Homemade Indian Chai Tea Recipe - Foodess
Nov 29, 2016 · An actually-authentic Indian Chai tea recipe, as made for me by my lovely Indian mother-in-law. Make perfect chai at home using this method.
Chai Recipe - Serious Eats
Oct 25, 2023 · Chai, in the context of Indian cuisine, refers to tea made from boiled black tea with spices and boiled and aerated milk. Learn why tea type selection matters and how to properly …
What Is Chai? - Allrecipes
Apr 10, 2023 · The spicy, sweet, and creamy allure of chai is undeniable, but what is it exactly? Learn all about this coffeehouse favorite, from its Indian roots to how to create a satisfying cup …
Chai Tea 101 - Definition, History, Tips, & Preparation - Art of Tea
Chai tea is an aromatic beverage that blends black tea with various herbs and spices. The most common spices used in chai are cinnamon, cardamom, ginger, clove, black pepper, and star …
What is Chai? The Best Recipe and Guide - Chala Chai
Aug 9, 2024 · Chai is the Hindi word for tea. In the West, Masala chai (spiced tea) is often called “chai tea”. So why do people call it “Chai Tea” (“tea tea”)? The reason for this is that it simply …
