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| charter meaning in history: Documents of American Democracy Roger L. Kemp, 2010-04-13 This reference work presents 27 key documents from the historic origins of the United States government through its subsequent expansion and evolution. The book is divided into five sections, the first of which is an introductory essay about American democracy. Section II includes three documents that laid the foundation for America's government: the Magna Carta, the 1628 Petition of Right, and England's Bill of Rights. The third section presents 13 core documents, such as the Mayflower Compact, the Virginia Declaration of Rights, the Articles of Confederation, the U.S. Constitution, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Section IV provides 11 documents of America's territorial expansion, from the Treaty of Paris through the Louisiana Purchase Treaty and the Alaska Treaty and Hawaii Resolution. The final section is an essay about the future of democracy. There are 12 useful appendices. |
| charter meaning in history: Putnam's Handy Law Book for the Layman Albert Sidney Bolles, 1921 |
| charter meaning in history: Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice United Nations, 2015-08-30 The Charter of the United Nations was signed in 1945 by 51 countries representing all continents, paving the way for the creation of the United Nations on 24 October 1945. The Statute of the International Court of Justice forms part of the Charter. The aim of the Charter is to save humanity from war; to reaffirm human rights and the dignity and worth of the human person; to proclaim the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small; and to promote the prosperity of all humankind. The Charter is the foundation of international peace and security. |
| charter meaning in history: The Sense of Dissonance David Stark, 2011-08-01 What counts? In work, as in other areas of life, it is not always clear what standards we are being judged by or how our worth is being determined. This can be disorienting and disconcerting. Because of this, many organizations devote considerable resources to limiting and clarifying the logics used for evaluating worth. But as David Stark argues, firms would often be better off, especially in managing change, if they allowed multiple logics of worth and did not necessarily discourage uncertainty. In fact, in many cases multiple orders of worth are unavoidable, so organizations and firms should learn to harness the benefits of such heterarchy rather than seeking to purge it. Stark makes this argument with ethnographic case studies of three companies attempting to cope with rapid change: a machine-tool company in late and postcommunist Hungary, a new-media startup in New York during and after the collapse of the Internet bubble, and a Wall Street investment bank whose trading room was destroyed on 9/11. In each case, the friction of competing criteria of worth promoted an organizational reflexivity that made it easier for the company to change and deal with market uncertainty. Drawing on John Dewey's notion that perplexing situations provide opportunities for innovative inquiry, Stark argues that the dissonance of diverse principles can lead to discovery. |
| charter meaning in history: Magna Carta William Sharp McKechnie, 1905 |
| charter meaning in history: Myth, Rulership, Church and Charters Julia Barrow, Andrew Wareham, 2008 This volume brings together a number of essays written by leading scholars in the field of early medieval English history. Focusing on three specific themes - myths, charters and warfare - each contribution presents a balance of both sources and interpretations. Furthermore, they link the subjects: warfare was the predominant theme in Anglo-Saxon myth; charters are an important source for military organisation and can also shed light on belief and cult. Several of the contributions take a wider perspective, looking at later interpretations of the Anglo-Saxon past, both in the Anglo-Norman and more modern periods. In all, the volume makes a significant addition to the study of Anglo-Saxon England, showing how seemingly unrelated topics can be used to illuminate other areas. |
| charter meaning in history: Magna carta King John, 2013-06-08 The constitutional foundation of English (and perhaps world) freedoms |
| charter meaning in history: Liu Xiaobo, Charter 08 and the Challenges of Political Reform in China Jean-Philippe Béja, Fu Hualing, Eva Pils, 2012-06-01 In December 2008 some 350 Chinese intellectuals published a manifesto calling for reform of the Chinese constitution and an end to one-party rule. Known as Charter 08, the manifesto has since been signed by more than 10,000 people. One of its authors, Liu Xiaobo, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2010 but has remained in prison since 2009 for subversive crimes. This collection of essays—the first of its kind in English—examines the trial of Liu Xiaobo, the significance and impact of Charter 08, and the prospects for reform in China. The essays include contributions from legal and political experts from around the world, an account of Liu's trial by his defence lawyers, and a passionate—and ultimately optimistic—account of resistance, repression and political change by the human rights lawyer Teng Biao. |
| charter meaning in history: Colonial Origins of the American Constitution Donald S. Lutz, 1998 Presents 80 documents selected to reflect Eric Voegelin's theory that in Western civilization basic political symbolizations tend to be variants of the original symbolization of Judeo-Christian religious tradition. These documents demonstrate the continuity of symbols preceding the writing of the Constitution and all contain a number of basic symbols such as: a constitution as higher law, popular sovereignty, legislative supremacy, the deliberative process, and a virtuous people. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| charter meaning in history: Commentaries on the History, Constitution, & Chartered Franchises of the City of London George Norton, 1869 |
| charter meaning in history: Commentaries on the History, Constitution and Chartered Franchises of the City of London. 3. Ed. Revised George Norton, 1869 |
| charter meaning in history: Commentaries on the History, Constitution, and Chartered Franchises of the City of London. Third edition, etc George NORTON (Barrister-at-Law.), 1869 |
| charter meaning in history: Magna Carta Randy James Holland, 2014 An authoritative two volume dictionary covering English law from earliest times up to the present day, giving a definition and an explanation of every legal term old and new. Provides detailed statements of legal terms as well as their historical context. |
| charter meaning in history: The Meaning of History Frederic Harrison, 1894 |
| charter meaning in history: A Concise History of the Common Law Theodore Frank Thomas Plucknett, 2001 Originally published: 5th ed. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1956. |
| charter meaning in history: The Last Utopia Samuel Moyn, 2012-03-05 Human rights offer a vision of international justice that today’s idealistic millions hold dear. Yet the very concept on which the movement is based became familiar only a few decades ago when it profoundly reshaped our hopes for an improved humanity. In this pioneering book, Samuel Moyn elevates that extraordinary transformation to center stage and asks what it reveals about the ideal’s troubled present and uncertain future. For some, human rights stretch back to the dawn of Western civilization, the age of the American and French Revolutions, or the post–World War II moment when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was framed. Revisiting these episodes in a dramatic tour of humanity’s moral history, The Last Utopia shows that it was in the decade after 1968 that human rights began to make sense to broad communities of people as the proper cause of justice. Across eastern and western Europe, as well as throughout the United States and Latin America, human rights crystallized in a few short years as social activism and political rhetoric moved it from the hallways of the United Nations to the global forefront. It was on the ruins of earlier political utopias, Moyn argues, that human rights achieved contemporary prominence. The morality of individual rights substituted for the soiled political dreams of revolutionary communism and nationalism as international law became an alternative to popular struggle and bloody violence. But as the ideal of human rights enters into rival political agendas, it requires more vigilance and scrutiny than when it became the watchword of our hopes. |
| charter meaning in history: Magna Carta - Its Role In The Making Of The English Constitution 1300-1629 Faith Thompson, 2012-11-07 The Magna Carta was a landmark document in the history of England and the wider world. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork. |
| charter meaning in history: Politics, Markets, and America's Schools John E. Chubb, Terry M. Moe, 2011-09-01 During the 1980s, widespread dissatisfaction with America's schools gave rise to a powerful movement for educational change, and the nation's political institutions responded with aggressive reforms. Chubb and Moe argue that these reforms are destined to fail because they do not get to the root of the problem. The fundamental causes of poor academic performance, they claim, are not to be found in the schools, but rather in the institutions of direct democratic control by which the schools have traditionally been governed. Reformers fail to solve the problem-when the institutions ARE the problem. The authors recommend a new system of public education, built around parent-student choice and school competition, that would promote school autonomy—thus providing a firm foundation for genuine school improvement and superior student achievement. |
| charter meaning in history: The People's Charter; with the Address to the Radical Reformers of Great Britain and Ireland, and a Brief Sketch of Its Origin , 1848 |
| charter meaning in history: The Constitutional History of England in Its Origin and Development William Stubbs, 1878 |
| charter meaning in history: Veterans Charter and Post-World War II Canada Peter Neary, J. L. Granatstein, 1998 Part history and part social commentary, this book examines the repatriation of Canada's WWII veterans with a collection of essays by 11 historians. Topics include the administration of the return of Canadian soldiers from Europe after VE--Day, the philosophy and benefits of the Veterans Charter, veterans' rights, educational opportunities for returning vets, and the rehabilitation of veterans with disabilities. Includes bandw photographs. Appends the complete text of Back to Civil Life, a 1946 repatriation manual. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| charter meaning in history: Constitution, By-laws, Charter, Circular and Members of the Maryland Historical Society Maryland Historical Society, 1844 |
| charter meaning in history: Tough Liberal Richard D. Kahlenberg, 2007-08-30 In Woody Allen's 1973 film, Sleeper, a character wakes up in the future to learn that civilization was destroyed when a man by the name of Albert Shanker got hold of a nuclear warhead. Shanker was condemned by many when he shut down the New York City school system in the bitter strikes of 1967 and 1968, and he was denounced for stirring up animosity between black parents and Jewish teachers. Later, however, he built alliances with blacks, and at the time of his death in 1997, such figures as Bill Clinton celebrated Shanker for being an educational reformer, a champion of equality, and a promoter of democracy abroad. Shanker lived the lives of several men bound into one. In his early years, he was the George Washington of the teaching profession, helping to found modern teacher unionism. During the 1980s, as head of the American Federation of Teachers, he became the nation's leading education reformer. Shanker supported initiatives for high education standards and accountability, teacher-led charter schools, and a system of peer review to weed out inadequate teachers. Throughout his life, Shanker also fought for tough liberalism, an ideology favoring public education and trade unions but also colorblind policies and a robust anticommunism all of which, Shanker believed, were vital to a commitment to democracy. Although he had a coherent worldview, Shanker was a complex individual. He began his career as a pacifist but evolved into a leading defense and foreign policy hawk. He was an intellectual and a populist; a gifted speaker who failed at small talk; a liberal whose biggest enemies were often on the left; a talented writer who had to pay to have his ideas published; and a gruff unionist who enjoyed shopping and detested sports. Richard D. Kahlenberg's biography is the first to offer a complete narrative of one of the most important voices in public education and American politics in the last half century. At a time when liberals are accused of not knowing what they stand for, Tough Liberal illuminates an engaging figure who suggested an alternative liberal path. |
| charter meaning in history: The Early Chartered Companies (A.D. 1296-1858) George Cawston, Augustus Henry Keane, 1896 |
| charter meaning in history: Charter of the New Urbanism Congress for the New Urbanism, 2000 An agenda for thriving urban centers, the San Francisco-based Congress for the New Urbanism is a leading force for modern design that encourages viable neighborhoods, conserves natural environments, and preserves our architectural heritage. Charter of the New Urbanism introduces you to the work of the world-class planners, architects and other professionals who are making the new urbanism happen. Charter contributors, including Andres Duany, Peter Calthorpe, and Liz Moule, explain strategies that range from large-scale, regional, to small-scale: blocks, streets and buildings. Revealing case studies help you understand the impact of geography, economics,development and urban patterns, public and private uses, transportation and pedestrian access, housing, building densities and land uses, codes, parks, shared use, safety, preservation and renewal, community identity and much more in this invaluable resource for design professionals. |
| charter meaning in history: The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger, 2024-06-28 The Catcher in the Rye," written by J.D. Salinger and published in 1951, is a classic American novel that explores the themes of adolescence, alienation, and identity through the eyes of its protagonist, Holden Caulfield. The novel is set in the 1950s and follows Holden, a 16-year-old who has just been expelled from his prep school, Pencey Prep. Disillusioned with the world around him, Holden decides to leave Pencey early and spend a few days alone in New York City before returning home. Over the course of these days, Holden interacts with various people, including old friends, a former teacher, and strangers, all the while grappling with his feelings of loneliness and dissatisfaction. Holden is deeply troubled by the "phoniness" of the adult world and is haunted by the death of his younger brother, Allie, which has left a lasting impact on him. He fantasizes about being "the catcher in the rye," a guardian who saves children from losing their innocence by catching them before they fall off a cliff into adulthooda. The novel ends with Holden in a mental institution, where he is being treated for a nervous breakdown. He expresses some hope for the future, indicating a possible path to recovery.. |
| charter meaning in history: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , 1978 |
| charter meaning in history: The United Nations and Decolonization Nicole Eggers, Jessica Lynne Pearson, Aurora Almada e Santos, 2020-07-27 Differing interpretations of the history of the United Nations on the one hand conceive of it as an instrument to promote colonial interests while on the other emphasize its influence in facilitating self-determination for dependent territories. The authors in this book explore this dynamic in order to expand our understanding of both the achievements and the limits of international support for the independence of colonized peoples. This book will prove foundational for scholars and students of modern history, international history, and postcolonial history. |
| charter meaning in history: Interpreting Constitutions Jeffrey Goldsworthy, 2006-02-09 This book describes the constitutions of six major federations and how they have been interpreted by their highest courts, compares the interpretive methods and underlying principles that have guided the courts, and explores the reasons for major differences between these methods and principles. Among the interpretive methods discussed are textualism, purposivism, structuralism and originalism. Each of the six federations is the subject of a separate chapter written by a leading authority in the field: Jeffrey Goldsworthy (Australia), Peter Hogg (Canada), Donald Kommers (Germany), S.P. Sathe (India), Heinz Klug (South Africa), and Mark Tushnet (United States). Each chapter describes not only the interpretive methodology currently used by the courts, but the evolution of that methodology since the constitution was first enacted. The book also includes a concluding chapter which compares these methodologies, and attempts to explain variations by reference to different social, historical, institutional and political circumstances. |
| charter meaning in history: Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society, Literary and Historical Section Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society, 1925 |
| charter meaning in history: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review , 1866 |
| charter meaning in history: History of the Society of Jesus in North America Thomas Hughes, 1908 |
| charter meaning in history: History of the Society of Jesus in North America, Colonial and Federal Thomas Hughes, 1908 |
| charter meaning in history: History of the Society of Jesus in North America: From the 1st colonization till 1645 Thomas Hughes, 1908 |
| charter meaning in history: History of the Society of Jesus in North America: Text ... from the 1st colonization till 1645 Thomas Hughes, 1908 |
| charter meaning in history: History of the Hammermen of Glasgow Harry Lumsden, Patrick Henderson Aitken, 1915 |
| charter meaning in history: An Historical, Geographical, Commercial, and Philosophical View of the American United States, and of the European Settlements in America and the West-Indies William Winterbotham, 1799 |
| charter meaning in history: The English Historical Review Mandell Creighton, Justin Winsor, Samuel Rawson Gardiner, Reginald Lane Poole, Sir John Goronwy Edwards, 1922 |
| charter meaning in history: The English Historical Review , 1887 |
| charter meaning in history: History , 1918 |
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