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| december 31 in history: Encyclopaedia Britannica Hugh Chisholm, 1910 This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style. |
| december 31 in history: December 1941 Craig Shirley, 2013-11-19 In the days before the attack on Pearl Harbor, America was largely focused on the war in Europe, but when planes dropped out of a clear blue sky and bombed the American naval base and aerial targets in Hawaii, everything changed in an instant. December 1941 takes you into the moment-by-moment ordeal of a nation waking to war. In December 1941, bestselling author Craig Shirley celebrates the American spirit while reconstructing the events that called it to shine with rare and piercing light. Shirley puts readers on the ground and the thick of the action. Relying on daily news reports from around the country and recently declassified government papers, Shirley sheds light on the crucial diplomatic exchanges leading up to the attack, the policies on the internment of Japanese people living in the U.S. after the assault, and the near-total overhaul of the U.S. economy to prepare for war. Shirley paints a compelling portrait of pre-war American culture--from the fashion and the celebrities to common pastimes. His portrait of America at war is just as vivid, highlighting: The surge in heroism, self-sacrifice, mass military enlistments, and national unity The prodigious talents of Hollywood and Tin Pan Alley Troubling price-controls and rationing, federal economic takeover, and censorship Featuring colorful personalities including Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull, and General Douglas MacArthur, December 1941 highlights a period of profound change in American government, foreign and domestic policy, law, economics, and business, chronicling the developments day by day through that singular and momentous month. December 1941 features surprising revelations, amusing anecdotes, and heart-wrenching stories, and also explores the unique religious and spiritual dimension of a culture under assault on the eve of Christmas. Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the closest thing to war for the Americans was uncoordinated, mediocre war games in South Carolina. Less than thirty days later, by the end of December 1941, the nation was involved in a battle for the preservation of its very way of life--a battle that would forever change the nation and the world. |
| december 31 in history: Report of Secretary Modern Woodmen of America. Administrative Dept, 1914 |
| december 31 in history: History of West Virginia.- v. 2-3. Family and personal history Thomas Condit Miller, Hu Maxwell, 1913 |
| december 31 in history: City Record Boston (Mass.), 1925 |
| december 31 in history: History and Digest of the International Arbitrations to which the United States Has Been a Party John Bassett Moore, 1898 |
| december 31 in history: Cyclopedic Review of Current History Alfred Sidney Johnson, 1897 |
| december 31 in history: History of Colonel Edmund Phinney's 31st Regiment of Foot Charles Edwin Allen, Edward Henry Elwell, Henry Sweetser Burrage, James Ware Bradbury, Joseph Williamson, Josiah Hayden Drummond, Leonard Bond Chapman, Nathan Goold, Peter Leary (Jr.), Samuel Thomas Dole, William Goold, William Widgery Thomas, 1896 |
| december 31 in history: The Historical Magazine and Notes and Queries Concerning the Antiquities, History and Biography of America John Ward Dean, George Folsom, John Gilmary Shea, Henry Reed Stiles, Henry Barton Dawson, 1869 |
| december 31 in history: History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense: The formative years, 1947-1950 Alfred Goldberg, Steven L. Rearden, 1984 |
| december 31 in history: History of Ohio Charles Burleigh Galbreath, 1925 |
| december 31 in history: Biennial Report Kansas State Historical Society, 1907 |
| december 31 in history: Bibliography of American Historical Societies Appleton Prentiss Clark Griffin, 1896 |
| december 31 in history: Proceedings of the Board of Regents University of Michigan. Board of Regents, |
| december 31 in history: The development of ballistic missiles in the United States Air Force 1945-1960 , |
| december 31 in history: History of Kern County, California, with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early days to the present Wallace Melvin Morgan, 1914-01-01 |
| december 31 in history: A Study Guide for T.C. Boyle's "The Hit Man" Gale, Cengage, 2018-09-13 A Study Guide for T.C. Boyle's The Hit Man, excerpted from Gale's acclaimed Short Stories for Students. This concise study guide includes plot summary; character analysis; author biography; study questions; historical context; suggestions for further reading; and much more. For any literature project, trust Short Stories for Students for all of your research needs. |
| december 31 in history: The Beauty of Holiness Louis P. Nelson, 2009-06-01 Intermingling architectural, cultural, and religious history, Louis Nelson reads Anglican architecture and decorative arts as documents of eighteenth-century religious practice and belief. In The Beauty of Holiness, he tells the story of the Church of England in colonial South Carolina, revealing how the colony's Anglicans negotiated the tensions between the persistence of seventeenth-century religious practice and the rising tide of Enlightenment thought and sentimentality. Nelson begins with a careful examination of the buildings, grave markers, and communion silver fashioned and used by early Anglicans. Turning to the religious functions of local churches, he uses these objects and artifacts to explore Anglican belief and practice in South Carolina. Chapters focus on the role of the senses in religious understanding, the practice of the sacraments, and the place of beauty, regularity, and order in eighteenth-century Anglicanism. The final section of the book considers the ways church architecture and material culture reinforced social and political hierarchies. Richly illustrated with more than 250 architectural images and photographs of religious objects, The Beauty of Holiness depends on exhaustive fieldwork to track changes in historical architecture. Nelson imaginatively reconstructs the history of the Church of England in colonial South Carolina and its role in public life, from its early years of ambivalent standing within the colony through the second wave of Anglicanism beginning in the early 1750s. |
| december 31 in history: Wesleyan University Bulletin , 1927 |
| december 31 in history: Health and Architecture Mohammad Gharipour, 2021-05-06 Health and Architecture offers a uniquely global overview of the healthcare facility in the pre-modern era, engaging in a cross-cultural analysis of the architectural response to medical developments and the formation of specialized hospitals as an independent building typology. Whether constructed as part of Chinese palaces in the 15th century or the religious complexes in 16th century Ottoman Istanbul, the healthcare facility throughout history is a built environment intended to promote healing and caring. The essays in this volume address how the relationships between architectural forms associated with healthcare and other buildings in the pre-modern era, such as bathhouses, almshouses, schools and places of worship, reflect changing attitudes towards healing. They explore the impact of medical advances on the design of hospitals across various times and geographies, and examine the historic construction processes and the stylistic connections between places of care and other building types, and their development in urban context. Deploying new methodological, interdisciplinary and comparative approaches to the analysis of healthcare facilities, Health and Architecture demonstrates how the spaces of healthcare themselves offer some of the most powerful and practical articulations of therapy. |
| december 31 in history: Christmas in America Penne L. Restad, 1996-12-05 The manger or Macy's? Americans might well wonder which is the real shrine of Christmas, as they take part each year in a mix of churchgoing, shopping, and family togetherness. But the history of Christmas cannot be summed up so easily as the commercialization of a sacred day. As Penne Restad reveals in this marvelous new book, it has always been an ambiguous meld of sacred thoughts and worldly actions-- as well as a fascinating reflection of our changing society. In Christmas in America, Restad brilliantly captures the rise and transformation of our most universal national holiday. In colonial times, it was celebrated either as an utterly solemn or a wildly social event--if it was celebrated at all. Virginians hunted, danced, and feasted. City dwellers flooded the streets in raucous demonstrations. Puritan New Englanders denounced the whole affair. Restad shows that as times changed, Christmas changed--and grew in popularity. In the early 1800s, New York served as an epicenter of the newly emerging holiday, drawing on its roots as a Dutch colony (St. Nicholas was particularly popular in the Netherlands, even after the Reformation), and aided by such men as Washington Irving. In 1822, another New Yorker named Clement Clarke Moore penned a poem now known as 'Twas the Night Before Christmas, virtually inventing the modern Santa Claus. Well-to-do townspeople displayed a German novelty, the decorated fir tree, in their parlors; an enterprising printer discovered the money to be made from Christmas cards; and a hodgepodge of year-end celebrations began to coalesce around December 25 and the figure of Santa. The homecoming significance of the holiday increased with the Civil War, and by the end of the nineteenth century a full- fledged national holiday had materialized, forged out of borrowed and invented custom alike, and driven by a passion for gift-giving. In the twentieth century, Christmas seeped into every niche of our conscious and unconscious lives to become a festival of epic proportions. Indeed, Restad carries the story through to our own time, unwrapping the messages hidden inside countless movies, books, and television shows, revealing the inescapable presence--and ambiguous meaning--of Christmas in contemporary culture. Filled with colorful detail and shining insight, Christmas in America reveals not only much about the emergence of the holiday, but also what our celebrations tell us about ourselves. From drunken revelry along colonial curbstones to family rituals around the tree, from Thomas Nast drawing the semiofficial portrait of St. Nick to the making of the film Home Alone, Restad's sparkling account offers much to amuse and ponder. |
| december 31 in history: The Forgotten Barbara Dorger, 2021-07-19 In my 2004 book, Turbulent Skies, I wrote, “Maybe someday someone will write about the incredible actions of the flight crews on the morning of September 11, 2001.” This wish began to manifest in the 10th year after 9/11 when I had an overwhelming sensation that I should undertake this quest myself. In my first year of writing, as I researched and wrote, my body would chill, and I would cry. Once an article was finished, I could hardly get up out of my chair. I truly felt like I was on the planes with the crews. I knew if I was to continue, I had to control all that emotion. The book’s focus initially was on the flight crews. But as I wrote, it became so much more. The reader will learn how the air traffic controllers cleared the skies, how Canada responded by handling all the incoming international flights, and how the failures of the FAA, the FBI, the CIA, and the airlines allowed this attack to take place. I realized that September 11th could have been even more disastrous had it not been for the actions of those brave crew members and little miracles that occurred that day. I also realized how it might have been prevented if the crews had been properly trained and informed about the threat they were facing. The book further examines how political forces changed the priorities for counter terrorism, and also impeded the examination of how the attacks could happen. These political forces were challenged by four New Jersey widows who got the 9/11 hearings approved. Finally, this book examines the aftermath of the attack, and how it forever changed the airline profession and added significant restrictions on traveling public. |
| december 31 in history: Necktie Parties: A History of Legal Executions in Oregon, 1851-1905 Diane L. Goeres-Gardner, 2005 |
| december 31 in history: Genealogical and Family History of Western New York William Richard Cutter, 1912 |
| december 31 in history: Writings on American History , 1918 |
| december 31 in history: History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society (Dorchester, Boston, Mass.), 1859 |
| december 31 in history: Annual Report of the American Historical Association American Historical Association, 1915 |
| december 31 in history: Poor's Financial Records , 1928 |
| december 31 in history: Deculturalization and the Struggle for Equality Joel Spring, 2016-02-26 Joel Spring’s history of school polices imposed on dominated groups in the United States examines the concept of deculturalization—the use of schools to strip away family languages and cultures and replace them with those of the dominant group. The focus is on the education of dominated groups forced to become citizens in territories conquered by the U.S., including Native Americans, Enslaved Africans, Chinese, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Hawaiians. In 7 concise, thought-provoking chapters, this analysis and documentation of how education is used to change or eliminate linguistic and cultural traditions in the U.S. looks at the educational, legal, and social construction of race and racism in the United States, emphasizing the various meanings of equality that have existed from colonial America to the present. Providing a broader perspective for understanding the denial of cultural and linguistic rights in the United States, issues of language, culture, and deculturalization are placed in a global context. The major change in the 8th Edition is a new chapter, Global Corporate Culture and Separate But Equal, describing how current efforts at deculturalization involve replacing family and personal cultures with a corporate culture to increase worker efficiency. Substantive updates and revisions are made throughout all other chapters |
| december 31 in history: Indiana Quarterly Magazine of History , 1921 |
| december 31 in history: History of Detroit and Wayne County and Early Michigan Silas Farmer, 1890 |
| december 31 in history: Historical Account and Inventory of Records of the City of Kingston University of the State of New York. Division of Archives and History, 1918 |
| december 31 in history: The End of Ambition Mark Atwood Lawrence, 2021-11-09 A groundbreaking new history of how the Vietnam War thwarted U.S. liberal ambitions in the developing world and at home in the 1960s At the start of the 1960s, John F. Kennedy and other American liberals expressed boundless optimism about the ability of the United States to promote democracy and development in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. With U.S. power, resources, and expertise, almost anything seemed possible in the countries of the Cold War’s “Third World”—developing, postcolonial nations unaligned with the United States or Soviet Union. Yet by the end of the decade, this vision lay in ruins. What happened? In The End of Ambition, Mark Atwood Lawrence offers a groundbreaking new history of America’s most consequential decade. He reveals how the Vietnam War, combined with dizzying social and political changes in the United States, led to a collapse of American liberal ambition in the Third World—and how this transformation was connected to shrinking aspirations back home in America. By the middle and late 1960s, democracy had given way to dictatorship in many Third World countries, while poverty and inequality remained pervasive. As America’s costly war in Vietnam dragged on and as the Kennedy years gave way to the administrations of Lyndon B. Johnson and Richard M. Nixon, America became increasingly risk averse and embraced a new policy of promoting mere stability in the Third World. Paying special attention to the U.S. relationships with Brazil, India, Iran, Indonesia, and southern Africa, The End of Ambition tells the story of this momentous change and of how international and U.S. events intertwined. The result is an original new perspective on a war that continues to haunt U.S. foreign policy today. |
| december 31 in history: The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion , 1888 |
| december 31 in history: The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Philip Alexander Bruce, William Glover Stanard, 1912 |
| december 31 in history: Wisconsin Magazine of History Milo Milton Quaife, Joseph Schafer, Edward Porter Alexander, 1918 |
| december 31 in history: Genealogical and Family History of Central New York William Richard Cutter, 1912 |
| december 31 in history: California Historical Society Quarterly California Historical Society, 1927 |
| december 31 in history: Semiannual Report to the Congress United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1968 |
| december 31 in history: Internal Revenue Cumulative Bulletin United States. Internal Revenue Service, 1991 |
December - Wikipedia
December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. December, from the Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry. December's …
The Month of December 2025: Holidays, Fun Facts, Folklore
Apr 10, 2025 · December 14 marks the beginning of Hanukkah this year, the 8-day Jewish festival of lights. December 15 is Bill of Rights Day. December 17 is Wright Brothers Day. December …
December Is the 12th Month of the Year - timeanddate.com
December is the twelfth and last month in the Gregorian calendar and has 31 days. The December solstice on December 21 or 22 marks the beginning of winter in the Northern …
December Holidays and Observances to Celebrate in 2025
Dec 18, 2024 · December 7. PICTURELAKE/GETTY IMAGES. National Cotton Candy Day; National Joy Day; National Pearl Harbor Day of Remembrance; December 8. National Brownie …
11 Holidays the World Celebrates in December - TIME
Dec 19, 2022 · From Boxing Day to Yule, the month of December includes several cultural and religious holidays from around the world.
December: Awareness Months & Holidays for Causes (2024)
Oct 14, 2022 · December Celebrations: Awareness Months There are several awareness months celebrated in December — though the five that often get the most attention include HIV/AIDS …
December - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
December is the twelfth and last month of every calendar year in the Gregorian calendar, and is one of seven months of the year to have 31 days. December 31 is followed by January 1 of the …
Month of December - CalendarDate.com
6 days ago · With 31 days, the year ends with the final, twelfth month of December according to the Gregorian and Julian calendars. Officially winter begins in late December 20th - 23rd, …
December | month | Britannica
December, twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar. Its name is derived from decem, Latin for “ten,” indicating its position in the early Roman
December: A Season of Warmth, Wonder and Illumination
Dec 2, 2024 · December is a month of universal celebration, where light, hope and renewal shine brightly against the backdrop of winter’s longest nights. Across the globe, this month brims …
December - Wikipedia
December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. December, from the Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry. December's …
The Month of December 2025: Holidays, Fun Facts, Folklore
Apr 10, 2025 · December 14 marks the beginning of Hanukkah this year, the 8-day Jewish festival of lights. December 15 is Bill of Rights Day. December 17 is Wright Brothers Day. December …
December Is the 12th Month of the Year - timeanddate.com
December is the twelfth and last month in the Gregorian calendar and has 31 days. The December solstice on December 21 or 22 marks the beginning of winter in the Northern …
December Holidays and Observances to Celebrate in 2025
Dec 18, 2024 · December 7. PICTURELAKE/GETTY IMAGES. National Cotton Candy Day; National Joy Day; National Pearl Harbor Day of Remembrance; December 8. National Brownie …
11 Holidays the World Celebrates in December - TIME
Dec 19, 2022 · From Boxing Day to Yule, the month of December includes several cultural and religious holidays from around the world.
December: Awareness Months & Holidays for Causes (2024)
Oct 14, 2022 · December Celebrations: Awareness Months There are several awareness months celebrated in December — though the five that often get the most attention include HIV/AIDS …
December - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
December is the twelfth and last month of every calendar year in the Gregorian calendar, and is one of seven months of the year to have 31 days. December 31 is followed by January 1 of the …
Month of December - CalendarDate.com
6 days ago · With 31 days, the year ends with the final, twelfth month of December according to the Gregorian and Julian calendars. Officially winter begins in late December 20th - 23rd, …
December | month | Britannica
December, twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar. Its name is derived from decem, Latin for “ten,” indicating its position in the early Roman
December: A Season of Warmth, Wonder and Illumination
Dec 2, 2024 · December is a month of universal celebration, where light, hope and renewal shine brightly against the backdrop of winter’s longest nights. Across the globe, this month brims …
