| defense science study group: Research Methods in Defence Studies Delphine Deschaux-Dutard, 2020-08-09 This textbook provides an overview of qualitive and quantitative methods used in different social sciences to investigate defence issues. Recently, defence issues have become of increasing interest to researchers in the social sciences, but they raise specific methodological questions. This volume intends to fill a gap in the literature on defence studies by addressing a number of topics not dealt with sufficiently before. The contributors offer a range of methodological reflections and tools from various social sciences (political science, sociology, geography, history, economics and public law) for researching defence issues. They also address the increasingly important question of data and digitalization. The book introduces the added value of quantitative and qualitative methods, and calls for a cross-fertilization of methods in order to facilitate better research on defence topics and to fully grasp the complexity of defence in the 21st century. This book will be of much interest to students, researchers and practitioners of defence studies, war studies, military studies, and social science research methods in general. |
| defense science study group: Foreign Availability United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade, 1988 |
| defense science study group: Road Map for National Security United States Commission on National Security/21st Century, 2001 After our examination of the new strategic environment of the next quarter century (Phase I) and of a strategy to address it (Phase II), this Commission concludes that significant changes must be made in the structures and processes of the U.S. national security apparatus. Our institutional base is in decline and must be rebuilt. Otherwise, the United States risks losing its global influence and critical leadership role. We offer recommendations for organizational change in five key areas: ensuring the security of the American homeland; recapitalizing America's strengths in science and education; redesigning key institutions of the Executive Branch; overhauling the U.S. government's military and civilian personnel systems; and reorganizing Congress's role in national security affairs--Page xiii. |
| defense science study group: Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Committee on Defeating Improvised Explosive Devices: Basic Research to Interrupt the IED Delivery Chain, 2008-09-26 Countering the threat of improvised explosive devices (IED)s is a challenging, multilayered problem. The IED itself is just the most publicly visible part of an underlying campaign of violence, the IED threat chain. Improving the technical ability to detect the device is a primary objective, but understanding of the goals of the adversary; its sources of materiel, personnel, and money; the sociopolitical environment in which it operates; and other factors, such as the cultural mores that it must observe or override for support, may also be critical for impeding or halting the effective use of IEDs. Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns focuses on the human dimension of terror campaigns and also on improving the ability to predict these activities using collected and interpreted data from a variety of sources. A follow-up to the 2007 book, Countering the Threat of Improvised Explosive Devices: Basic Research Opportunities, this book summarizes two workshops held in 2008. |
| defense science study group: Technical Reports Awareness Circular : TRAC. , 1988-06 |
| defense science study group: A Moral Critique of Development Anta Kumar Giri, Philip Quarles van Ufford, 2003-12-08 Recent critiques of international development practice, affecting aid organizations such as Oxfam, Action Aid and the Red Cross, have attacked the motives of those heading the 'machine' of development suggesting that it is in reality just too politically complex for good ever to come of it. But, despite the genuine need for a critical appraisal of development work, the anti-development backlash would appear to result in a moral dilemma. Should we try to help countries and people in need, or refuse potentially corrupt or harmful involvement? This book comments on how international development might once again become a visionary project. With perspectives from workers in the development industry, it draws lessons from actual projects to propose a theory of 'emergent ethics': that local moral responses to specific projects must form the basis of a way forward. |
| defense science study group: The Department of Homeland Security's R & D Budget Priorities for Fiscal Year 2008 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation, 2007 |
| defense science study group: The Jasons Ann Finkbeiner, 2006-04-06 The Jasons are a well-guarded group of world-class scientists, briefly outed in the Pentagon Papers during the Vietnam War, who have been meeting every summer since 1960 to tackle classified problems that the Defense Department cannot solve. Among many stunning innovations, they helped invent our electronic battlefield and Star Wars missile defense technology, and are now looking into ways to improve our intelligence gathering. Recounting the unknown story of these brilliant, stubbornly independent thinkers, Ann Finkbeiner takes advantage of her unprecedented access to this elite group to explore the uncertain bargains between science and politics. It is a story older than Faust and as timely as tomorrow’s headlines. |
| defense science study group: Army Research and Development , 1967 |
| defense science study group: Maintaining U.S. Leadership in Aeronautics National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, Committee to Identify Potential Breakthrough Technologies and Assess Long-Term R&D Goals in Aeronautics and Space Transportation Technology, 1998-10-07 After the completion of the National Research Council (NRC) report, Maintaining U.S. Leadership in Aeronautics: Scenario-Based Strategic Planning for NASA's Aeronautics Enterprise (1997), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Office of Aeronautics and Space Transportation Technology requested that the NRC remain involved in its strategic planning process by conducting a study to identify a short list of revolutionary or breakthrough technologies that could be critical to the 20 to 25 year future of aeronautics and space transportation. These technologies were to address the areas of need and opportunity identified in the above mentioned NRC report, which have been characterized by NASA's 10 goals (see Box ES-1) in Aeronautics & Space Transportation Technology: Three Pillars for Success (NASA, 1997). The present study would also examine the 10 goals to determine if they are likely to be achievable, either through evolutionary steps in technology or through the identification and application of breakthrough ideas, concepts, and technologies. |
| defense science study group: New Thinking and American Defence Technology Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government, 1993 |
| defense science study group: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 2017-11 |
| defense science study group: The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing National Research Council, Policy and Global Affairs, Board on Global Science and Technology, Committee on Global Approaches to Advanced Computing, 2012-10-23 Computing and information and communications technology (ICT) has dramatically changed how we work and live, has had profound effects on nearly every sector of society, has transformed whole industries, and is a key component of U.S. global leadership. A fundamental driver of advances in computing and ICT has been the fact that the single-processor performance has, until recently, been steadily and dramatically increasing year over years, based on a combination of architectural techniques, semiconductor advances, and software improvements. Users, developers, and innovators were able to depend on those increases, translating that performance into numerous technological innovations and creating successive generations of ever more rich and diverse products, software services, and applications that had profound effects across all sectors of society. However, we can no longer depend on those extraordinary advances in single-processor performance continuing. This slowdown in the growth of single-processor computing performance has its roots in fundamental physics and engineering constraints-multiple technological barriers have converged to pose deep research challenges, and the consequences of this shift are deep and profound for computing and for the sectors of the economy that depend on and assume, implicitly or explicitly, ever-increasing performance. From a technology standpoint, these challenges have led to heterogeneous multicore chips and a shift to alternate innovation axes that include, but are not limited to, improving chip performance, mobile devices, and cloud services. As these technical shifts reshape the computing industry, with global consequences, the United States must be prepared to exploit new opportunities and to deal with technical challenges. The New Global Ecosystem in Advanced Computing: Implications for U.S. Competitiveness and National Security outlines the technical challenges, describe the global research landscape, and explore implications for competition and national security. |
| defense science study group: Strengthening the National Institute of Justice National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on Law and Justice, Committee on Assessing the Research Program of the National Institute of Justice, 2010-10-14 The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is the nation's primary resource for advancing scientific research, development, and evaluation on crime and crime control and the administration of justice in the United States. Headed by a presidentially appointed director, it is one of the major units in the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) of the U.S. Department of Justice. Under its authorizing legislation, NIJ awards grants and contracts to a variety of public and private organizations and individuals. At the request of NIJ, Strengthening the National Institute of Justice assesses the operations and quality of the full range of its programs. These include social science research, science and technology research and development, capacity building, and technology assistance. The book concludes that a federal research institute such as NIJ is vital to the nation's continuing efforts to control crime and administer justice. No other federal, state, local, or private organization can do what NIJ was created to do. Forty years ago, Congress envisioned a science agency dedicated to building knowledge to support crime prevention and control by developing a wide range of techniques for dealing with individual offenders, identifying injustices and biases in the administration of justice, and supporting more basic and operational research on crime and the criminal justice system and the involvement of the community in crime control efforts. As the embodiment of that vision, NIJ has accomplished a great deal. It has succeeded in developing a body of knowledge on such important topics as hot spots policing, violence against women, the role of firearms and drugs in crime, drug courts, and forensic DNA analysis. It has helped build the crime and justice research infrastructure. It has also widely disseminated the results of its research programs to help guide practice and policy. But its efforts have been severely hampered by a lack of independence, authority, and discretionary resources to carry out its mission. |
| defense science study group: Expanding the Vision of Sensor Materials Committee on New Sensor Technologies: Materials and Applications, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Materials Advisory Board, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, National Research Council, 1995-07-06 Advances in materials science and engineering have paved the way for the development of new and more capable sensors. Drawing upon case studies from manufacturing and structural monitoring and involving chemical and long wave-length infrared sensors, this book suggests an approach that frames the relevant technical issues in such a way as to expedite the consideration of new and novel sensor materials. It enables a multidisciplinary approach for identifying opportunities and making realistic assessments of technical risk and could be used to guide relevant research and development in sensor technologies. |
| defense science study group: Summary of a Workshop on Using Information Technology to Enhance Disaster Management National Research Council, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Committee on Using Information Technology to Enhance Disaster Management, 2005-10-03 Section 214 of the E-government Act of 2002 called on the Administrator of the Office of Electronic Government in the Office of Management and Budget, in consultation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), to ensure that a study is conducted on using information technology to enhance crisis preparedness, response, and consequence management of natural and manmade disasters. The section cited as a goal to improve how information technology is used in coordinating and facilitating information on disaster preparedness, response, and recovery, while ensuring the availability of such information across multiple access channels. In early 2005, FEMA, via a subcontract through Battelle Memorial Institute, asked the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB) of the National Research Council (NRC) to undertake a two-phase study on these issues. Summary of a Workshop on Using Information Technology to Enhance Disaster Management culminates phase 1 of the project. CSTB established the Committee on Using Information Technology to Enhance Disaster Management, and a public workshop was held under the committee's auspices on June 22-23, 2005. The committee's goal for the workshop was to establish a base of information for its study by hearing about present and future uses of IT from the perspective of federal, state, and local disaster management officials and users together with a sampling of relevant IT research and development activities. A variety of representatives of federal, state, and local government agencies, private industry, and the research community participated. Panelists at the workshop presented a range of views on the present state of the art and practice and future opportunities to harness information technology to aid in the management of natural and human-made disasters. This report summarizes some of the key points made by workshop participants. This report also contains the workshop agenda and includes biographical information for committee members and staff. In phase 2 of its study, the committee will supplement the inputs received at the workshop with information gathered at several site visits and a series of additional briefings. Phase 2 will culminate in a final report, expected in spring 2006, which provides findings and recommendations on requirements for effective use of information technology for disaster management, research and development needs and opportunities, and related research management and technology transition considerations. |
| defense science study group: Naval Mine Warfare National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Naval Studies Board, Committee for Mine Warfare Assessment, 2001-09-19 Sea mines have been important in naval warfare throughout history and continue to be so today. They have caused major damage to naval forces, slowed or stopped naval actions and commercial shipping, and forced the alteration of strategic and tactical plans. The threat posed by sea mines continues, and is increasing, in today's world of inexpensive advanced electronics, nanotechnology, and multiple potential enemies, some of which are difficult to identify. This report assesses the Department of the Navy's capabilities for conducting naval mining and countermining sea operations. |
| defense science study group: Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1993 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, 1992 |
| defense science study group: National Science Board , 1978 |
| defense science study group: Report of the National Science Board , 1978 |
| defense science study group: The Uneasy Partnership Gene Martin Lyons, 1969 This comprehensive work—relevant to the major issue of the relation of social knowledge to political power—argues for strengthening the role of the social sciences in the federal government. It calls for a central organization for the social sciences and for better integration of research within the federal agencies. It underscores the various factors that might help to bring about this goal. |
| defense science study group: Basic Research in the Mission Agencies National Science Board (U.S.), 1978 |
| defense science study group: The Next Generation Air Transportation System United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007), 2008 |
| defense science study group: The Role of Science and Technology in Competitiveness United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology, 1987 |
| defense science study group: The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency William Boone Bonvillian, Richard Van Atta, Patrick Windham, 2020-01-09 The authors have done a masterful job of charting the important story of DARPA, one of the key catalysts of technological innovation in US recent history. By plotting the development, achievements and structure of the leading world agency of this kind, this book stimulates new thinking in the field of technological innovation with bearing on how to respond to climate change, pandemics, cyber security and other global problems of our time. The DARPA Model provides a useful guide for governmental agency and policy leaders, and for anybody interested in the role of governments in technological innovation. —Dr. Kent Hughes, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars This volume contains a remarkable collection of extremely insightful articles on the world’s most successful advanced technology agency. Drafted by the leading US experts on DARPA, it provides a variety of perspectives that in turn benefit from being presented together in a comprehensive volume. It reviews DARPA’s unique role in the U.S. innovation system, as well as the challenges DARPA and its clones face today. As the American model is being considered for adoption by a number of countries worldwide, this book makes a welcome and timely contribution to the policy dialogue on the role played by governments in stimulating technological innovation. — Prof. Charles Wessner, Georgetown University The U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has played a remarkable role in the creation new transformative technologies, revolutionizing defense with drones and precision-guided munitions, and transforming civilian life with portable GPS receivers, voice-recognition software, self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, and, most famously, the ARPANET and its successor, the Internet. Other parts of the U.S. Government and some foreign governments have tried to apply the ‘DARPA model’ to help develop valuable new technologies. But how and why has DARPA succeeded? Which features of its operation and environment contribute to this success? And what lessons does its experience offer for other U.S. agencies and other governments that want to develop and demonstrate their own ‘transformative technologies’? This book is a remarkable collection of leading academic research on DARPA from a wide range of perspectives, combining to chart an important story from the Agency’s founding in the wake of Sputnik, to the current attempts to adapt it to use by other federal agencies. Informative and insightful, this guide is essential reading for political and policy leaders, as well as researchers and students interested in understanding the success of this agency and the lessons it offers to others. |
| defense science study group: Committee Prints United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs, 1971 |
| defense science study group: Assessing the Risks of Integrating Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board, Committee on Assessing the Risks of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Integration, 2018-10-04 When discussing the risk of introducing drones into the National Airspace System, it is necessary to consider the increase in risk to people in manned aircraft and on the ground as well as the various ways in which this new technology may reduce risk and save lives, sometimes in ways that cannot readily be accounted for with current safety assessment processes. This report examines the various ways that risk can be defined and applied to integrating these Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System managed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). It also identifies needs for additional research and developmental opportunities in this field. |
| defense science study group: U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency ... Annual Report United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1986 |
| defense science study group: U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 1988 Annual Report United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1990 |
| defense science study group: Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Military Operations in Built-Up Areas (MOBA) , 1994 The 1994 Defense Science Board (DSB) Summer Study on Military Operations in Built-up Areas (MOBA) was asked to assess DoD's current capabilities to conduct military operations (including peacemaking and peacekeeping) in urban terrain. The Board focused on operations other than war (OOTW) in an urban environment OOTW can include periods of intense, localized combat. Many of the requirements and proposed solutions for OOTW are relevant to war in cities. The solutions are also relevant in low intensity conflict and in operations that provide humanitarian aid, where minimization of casualties is especially important. The guidance in the Terms of Reference (TOR, see Appendix A) requested that the Board examine: * The potential for U.S. involvement in MOBA * The characteristics of urban operations * Shortcomings in current capability and operational needs (especially regarding survivability, sensors, platforms, navigation, and communication) * Innovative solutions leading to a recommended focus for future efforts. Addressed, were operations that might involve combat, not solely deterrence, psychological operations (PSYOPS), or other noncombat forms of conflict resolution. The study examined: improvements to sensors; weapons (lethal and nonlethal); command, control, communications, and intelligence (C3I) systems; and doctrine. It also focused on solutions to issues that could be accomplished in a relatively short time, and that do not require beginning major new programs. |
| defense science study group: Social Security Administration's Role in Verifying Employment Eligibility United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Social Security, 2012 |
| defense science study group: Report of the Defense Science Board Acquisition Workforce Sub-Panel of the Defense Acquisition Reform Task Force on defense reform , 1998 This report provides three policy recommendations, based on the overarching theme of more closely integrating DoD with industry. The Sub-Panel believes that improved integration with industry is the critical element that will enable the acquisition system to perform better, faster, and cheaper in support of the warfighter. The recommended policy initiatives are that DoD should: 1. Restructure its Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT & E) organizations and associated workforce to enable the Department to make better use of the capabilities of industry and other government agencies, to concentrate in-house capabilities in areas where there is no external capability, and to eliminate duplicative capabilities. 2 Expand the use of price-based forms of contracting to reduce the cost of doing business with Department of Defense (DoD) for existing Defense contractors and to give DoD access the segments of industry that currently choose not to do business with the Department because of the costs and complexities associated with cost-based contracts. 3. Expand the oursourcing of sustainment activities to eliminate duplicative capabilities between DoD and industry, to enable the Department to capitalize on industry's advancements in applying technology to these functions, and to provide better support to the user. |
| defense science study group: Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1994 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, 1993 |
| defense science study group: Long-term Planning for National Science Policy United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology, 1981 |
| defense science study group: U.S. Supercomputer Export Control Policy United States. Congress. House. Committee on National Security, 1998 |
| defense science study group: U.S. Arms Control Disarmament Agency Authorization and Consideration of the Agency's Future Status and Responsibilities United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations, 1994 |
| defense science study group: Hearings, Reports and Prints of the Senate Committee on Appropriations United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations, 1973 |
| defense science study group: Report of the Commission to Assess the Threat to the United States from Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Attack Commission to Assess the Threat to the United States from Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Attack, 2008 |
| defense science study group: Report United States. Commission on Government Procurement, 1972 |
| defense science study group: Foundational Cybersecurity Research National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, 2017-07-24 Attaining meaningful cybersecurity presents a broad societal challenge. Its complexity and the range of systems and sectors in which it is needed mean that successful approaches are necessarily multifaceted. Moreover, cybersecurity is a dynamic process involving human attackers who continue to adapt. Despite considerable investments of resources and intellect, cybersecurity continues to poses serious challenges to national security, business performance, and public well-being. Modern developments in computation, storage and connectivity to the Internet have brought into even sharper focus the need for a better understanding of the overall security of the systems we depend on. Foundational Cybersecurity Research focuses on foundational research strategies for organizing people, technologies, and governance. These strategies seek to ensure the sustained support needed to create an agile, effective research community, with collaborative links across disciplines and between research and practice. This report is aimed primarily at the cybersecurity research community, but takes a broad view that efforts to improve foundational cybersecurity research will need to include many disciplines working together to achieve common goals. |
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