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| definition of technological development: Pedagogy Development for Teaching Online Music Johnson, Carol, Lamothe, Virginia Christy, 2018-05-11 With the shift towards online education, teaching and learning music has evolved to incorporate online environments. However, many music instructors, faculty, and institutions are being challenged on how to evolve their curriculum to meet these demands and successfully foster students. Pedagogy Development for Teaching Online Music is a critical scholarly resource that examines the nature of teaching and learning music in the online environment at the post-secondary level. Featuring a broad range of topics such as online and face-to-face instruction, instructional design, and learning management system, this book is geared towards educators, professionals, school administrators, academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on designing online music courses using a social constructivist framework. |
| definition of technological development: Modern Methods of Clinical Investigation Institute of Medicine, Committee on Technological Innovation in Medicine, 1990-02-01 The very rapid pace of advances in biomedical research promises us a wide range of new drugs, medical devices, and clinical procedures. The extent to which these discoveries will benefit the public, however, depends in large part on the methods we choose for developing and testing them. Modern Methods of Clinical Investigation focuses on strategies for clinical evaluation and their role in uncovering the actual benefits and risks of medical innovation. Essays explore differences in our current systems for evaluating drugs, medical devices, and clinical procedures; health insurance databases as a tool for assessing treatment outcomes; the role of the medical profession, the Food and Drug Administration, and industry in stimulating the use of evaluative methods; and more. This book will be of special interest to policymakers, regulators, executives in the medical industry, clinical researchers, and physicians. |
| definition of technological development: Smart Cities and Homes Petros Nicopolitidis, 2016-05-17 Smart Cities and Homes: Key Enabling Technologies explores the fundamental principles and concepts of the key enabling technologies for smart cities and homes, disseminating the latest research and development efforts in the field through the use of numerous case studies and examples. Smart cities use digital technologies embedded across all their functions to enhance the wellbeing of citizens. Cities that utilize these technologies report enhancements in power efficiency, water use, traffic congestion, environmental protection, pollution reduction, senior citizens care, public safety and security, literacy rates, and more. This book brings together the most important breakthroughs and advances in a coherent fashion, highlighting the interconnections between the works in different areas of computing, exploring both new and emerging computer networking systems and other computing technologies, such as wireless sensor networks, vehicle ad hoc networks, smart girds, cloud computing, and data analytics and their roles in creating environmentally friendly, secure, and prosperous cities and homes. Intended for researchers and practitioners, the book discusses the pervasive and cooperative computing technologies that will perform a central role for handling the challenges of urbanization and demographic change. - Includes case studies and contributions from prominent researchers and practitioners from around the globe - Explores the latest methodologies, theories, tools, applications, trends, challenges, and strategies needed to build smart cities and homes from the bottom up - Provides a pedagogy that includes PowerPoint slides, key terms, and a comprehensive bibliography |
| definition of technological development: The Fourth Industrial Revolution Klaus Schwab, 2017-01-03 World-renowned economist Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, explains that we have an opportunity to shape the fourth industrial revolution, which will fundamentally alter how we live and work. Schwab argues that this revolution is different in scale, scope and complexity from any that have come before. Characterized by a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, the developments are affecting all disciplines, economies, industries and governments, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human. Artificial intelligence is already all around us, from supercomputers, drones and virtual assistants to 3D printing, DNA sequencing, smart thermostats, wearable sensors and microchips smaller than a grain of sand. But this is just the beginning: nanomaterials 200 times stronger than steel and a million times thinner than a strand of hair and the first transplant of a 3D printed liver are already in development. Imagine “smart factories” in which global systems of manufacturing are coordinated virtually, or implantable mobile phones made of biosynthetic materials. The fourth industrial revolution, says Schwab, is more significant, and its ramifications more profound, than in any prior period of human history. He outlines the key technologies driving this revolution and discusses the major impacts expected on government, business, civil society and individuals. Schwab also offers bold ideas on how to harness these changes and shape a better future—one in which technology empowers people rather than replaces them; progress serves society rather than disrupts it; and in which innovators respect moral and ethical boundaries rather than cross them. We all have the opportunity to contribute to developing new frameworks that advance progress. |
| definition of technological development: Tech Tally National Research Council, National Academy of Engineering, Committee on Assessing Technological Literacy, 2006-07-27 In a broad sense, technology is any modification of the natural world made to fulfill human needs or desires. Although people tend to focus on the most recent technological inventions, technology includes a myriad of devices and systems that profoundly affect everyone in modern society. Technology is pervasive; an informed citizenship needs to know what technology is, how it works, how it is created, how it shapes our society, and how society influences technological development. This understanding depends in large part on an individual level of technological literacy. Tech Tally: Approaches to Assessing Technological Literacy determines the most viable approaches to assessing technological literacy for students, teachers, and out-of-school adults. The book examines opportunities and obstacles to developing scientifically valid and broadly applicable assessment instruments for technological literacy in the three target populations. The book offers findings and 12 related recommendations that address five critical areas: instrument development; research on learning; computer-based assessment methods, framework development, and public perceptions of technology. This book will be of special interest to individuals and groups promoting technological literacy in the United States, education and government policy makers in federal and state agencies, as well as the education research community. |
| definition of technological development: Analyzing the Economics of Financial Market Infrastructures Diehl, Martin, 2015-08-17 The prosperity and stability of any economic structure is reliant upon a foundation of secure systems that regulate the movement of money across the globe. These structures have become an integral part of contemporary society by reducing monetary risk and increasing financial security. Analyzing the Economics of Financial Market Infrastructures is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on the current developments in financial systems and how these processes are evolving due to new regulations and technical advances. Featuring extensive coverage on a range of relevant topics on payment systems, central securities depositories, central counterparties, and trade repositories, this book is an essential reference source for professionals in the financial sector, analysts, IT professionals, and academicians concerned with emerging research on financial markets. This book features timely, research-based chapters on a variety of crucial topics including, but not limited to, payment timing, multi-layer networks, transaction simulations, payment system analysis, and regulation of financial marketplaces. |
| definition of technological development: The Nature of Technology W. Brian Arthur, 2009-08-11 “More than anything else technology creates our world. It creates our wealth, our economy, our very way of being,” says W. Brian Arthur. Yet despite technology’s irrefutable importance in our daily lives, until now its major questions have gone unanswered. Where do new technologies come from? What constitutes innovation, and how is it achieved? Does technology, like biological life, evolve? In this groundbreaking work, pioneering technology thinker and economist W. Brian Arthur answers these questions and more, setting forth a boldly original way of thinking about technology. The Nature of Technology is an elegant and powerful theory of technology’s origins and evolution. Achieving for the development of technology what Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions did for scientific progress, Arthur explains how transformative new technologies arise and how innovation really works. Drawing on a wealth of examples, from historical inventions to the high-tech wonders of today, Arthur takes us on a mind-opening journey that will change the way we think about technology and how it structures our lives. The Nature of Technology is a classic for our times. |
| definition of technological development: Exploring Online Learning Through Synchronous and Asynchronous Instructional Methods Sistek-Chandler, Cynthia Mary, 2019-11-22 Exploring online learning through the lens of synchronous and asynchronous instructional methods can be beneficial to the online instructor and to the course designer. Understanding the underlying theoretical foundation is essential to justify both types of instructional pedagogies. Learning theory as it applies to online environments encompasses myriad techniques and practices. Edited by Dr. Cynthia Mary Sistek-Chandler, who was named the 2020 Higher Education Technology Leader Winner by EdTech Digest, Exploring Online Learning Through Synchronous and Asynchronous Instructional Methods is an essential scholarly book that provides relevant and detailed research on the applications of synchronous and asynchronous instructional pedagogies and discusses why they are critical to the design and implementation of contemporary online courses. Featuring an array of topics such as student engagement, adaptive learning, and online instruction, this book is ideal for online instructors, instructional designers, curriculum developers, course designers, academicians, administrators, e-learning professionals, researchers, and students. |
| definition of technological development: Handbook of Research on Competency-Based Education in University Settings Rasmussen, Karen, Northrup, Pamela, Colson, Robin, 2016-10-04 The majority of adult learners are looking to attain their desired academic credentials within the shortest amount of time possible. By implementing competency-based programs, learners are accelerated through their designed program or course. The Handbook of Research on Competency-Based Education in University Settings is a pivotal reference source for the latest academic research on the use of competency-based testing in higher education institutions. Focusing on innovative practices, strategies, and real-world scenarios, this book is ideally designed for educators, students, administrators, professionals, and academics interested in emerging developments for competency-based education initiatives. |
| definition of technological development: Globalization of Technology Proceedings of the Sixth Convocation of The Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 1988-02-01 The technological revolution has reached around the world, with important consequences for business, government, and the labor market. Computer-aided design, telecommunications, and other developments are allowing small players to compete with traditional giants in manufacturing and other fields. In this volume, 16 engineering and industrial experts representing eight countries discuss the growth of technological advances and their impact on specific industries and regions of the world. From various perspectives, these distinguished commentators describe the practical aspects of technology's reach into business and trade. |
| definition of technological development: Mastering a New Role National Academy of Engineering, Committee on Technology Policy Options in a Global Economy, 1993-02-01 This book examines the changing character of commercial technology development and diffusion in an integrated global economy and its implications for U.S. public policies in support of technological innovation. The volume considers the history, current practice, and future prospects for national policies to encourage economic development through both direct and indirect government support of technological advance. |
| definition of technological development: Elements of Technology Jacob Bigelow, 1831 |
| definition of technological development: A Framework for K-12 Science Education National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Science Education, Committee on a Conceptual Framework for New K-12 Science Education Standards, 2012-02-28 Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments. |
| definition of technological development: The Sun to the Earth â¬" and Beyond National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Space Studies Board, Committee on Solar and Space Physics, Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee, 2003-12-17 This volume, The Sun to the Earth-and Beyond: Panel Reports, is a compilation of the reports from five National Research Council (NRC) panels convened as part of a survey in solar and space physics for the period 2003-2013. The NRC's Space Studies Board and its Committee on Solar and Space Physics organized the study. Overall direction for the survey was provided by the Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee, whose report, The Sun to the Earth-and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, was delivered to the study sponsors in prepublication format in August 2002. The final version of that report was published in June 2003. The panel reports provide both a detailed rationale for the survey committee's recommendations and an expansive view of the numerous opportunities that exist for a robust program of exploration in solar and space physics. |
| definition of technological development: Global China Tarun Chhabra, Rush Doshi, Ryan Hass, 2021-06-22 The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world. |
| definition of technological development: Technology and Global Change Arnulf Grübler, 2003-10-16 This is the first book to comprehensibly describe how technology has shaped society and the environment over the last 200 years. It will be useful for researchers, as a textbook for graduate students, for people engaged in long-term policy planning in industry and government, for environmental activists, and for the wider public interested in history, technology, or environmental issues. |
| definition of technological development: High Definition Television Philip J. Cianci, 2014-01-10 The 40-year history of high definition television technology is traced from initial studies in Japan, through its development in Europe, and then to the United States, where the first all-digital systems were implemented. Details are provided about advances in HDTV technology in Australia and Japan, Europe's introduction of HDTV, Brazil's innovative use of MPEG-4 and China's terrestrial standard. The impact of HDTV on broadcast facility conversion and the influx of computer systems and information technology are described, as well as the contributions of the first entrepreneurial HD videographers and engineers. This thoroughly researched volume highlights several of the landmark high-definition broadcasts from 1988 onward, includes input gathered from more than 50 international participants, and concludes with the rollout of consumer HDTV services throughout the world. |
| definition of technological development: The Singularity Is Near Ray Kurzweil, 2005-09-22 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • Celebrated futurist Ray Kurzweil, hailed by Bill Gates as “the best person I know at predicting the future of artificial intelligence,” presents an “elaborate, smart, and persuasive” (The Boston Globe) view of the future course of human development. “Artfully envisions a breathtakingly better world.”—Los Angeles Times “Startling in scope and bravado.”—Janet Maslin, The New York Times “An important book.”—The Philadelphia Inquirer At the onset of the twenty-first century, humanity stands on the verge of the most transforming and thrilling period in its history. It will be an era in which the very nature of what it means to be human will be both enriched and challenged as our species breaks the shackles of its genetic legacy and achieves inconceivable heights of intelligence, material progress, and longevity. While the social and philosophical ramifications of these changes will be profound, and the threats they pose considerable, The Singularity Is Near presents a radical and optimistic view of the coming age that is both a dramatic culmination of centuries of technological ingenuity and a genuinely inspiring vision of our ultimate destiny. |
| definition of technological development: Funding a Revolution National Research Council, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Committee on Innovations in Computing and Communications: Lessons from History, 1999-02-11 The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it. |
| definition of technological development: Information Technology and the U.S. Workforce National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Committee on Information Technology, Automation, and the U.S. Workforce, 2017-04-18 Recent years have yielded significant advances in computing and communication technologies, with profound impacts on society. Technology is transforming the way we work, play, and interact with others. From these technological capabilities, new industries, organizational forms, and business models are emerging. Technological advances can create enormous economic and other benefits, but can also lead to significant changes for workers. IT and automation can change the way work is conducted, by augmenting or replacing workers in specific tasks. This can shift the demand for some types of human labor, eliminating some jobs and creating new ones. Information Technology and the U.S. Workforce explores the interactions between technological, economic, and societal trends and identifies possible near-term developments for work. This report emphasizes the need to understand and track these trends and develop strategies to inform, prepare for, and respond to changes in the labor market. It offers evaluations of what is known, notes open questions to be addressed, and identifies promising research pathways moving forward. |
| definition of technological development: Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) Richard Heeks, 2017-11-08 Mobile phones are close to ubiquitous in developing countries; Internet and broadband access are becoming commonplace. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) thus represent the fastest, broadest and deepest technical change experienced in international development. They now affect every development sector – supporting the work of hundreds of millions of farmers and micro-entrepreneurs; creating millions of ICT-based jobs; assisting healthcare workers and teachers; facilitating political change; impacting climate change; but also linked with digital inequalities and harms – with the pace of change continuously accelerating. Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) provides the first dedicated textbook to examine and explain these emerging phenomena. It will help students, practitioners, researchers and other readers understand the place of ICTs within development; the ICT-enabled changes already underway; and the key issues and interventions that engage ICT4D practice and strategy. The book has a three-part structure. The first three chapters set out the foundations of ICT4D: the core relation between ICTs and development; the underlying components needed for ICT4D to work; and best practice in implementing ICT4D. Five chapters then analyse key development goals: economic growth, poverty eradication, social development, good governance and environmental sustainability. Each chapter assesses the goal-related impact associated with ICTs and key lessons from real-world cases. The final chapter looks ahead to emerging technologies and emerging models of ICT-enabled development. The book uses extensive in-text diagrams, tables and boxed examples with chapter-end discussion and assignment questions and further reading. Supported by online activities, video links, session outlines and slides, this textbook provides the basis for undergraduate, postgraduate and online learning modules on ICT4D. |
| definition of technological development: The Innovator's Dilemma Clayton M. Christensen, 2013-10-22 Named one of 100 Leadership & Success Books to Read in a Lifetime by Amazon Editors An innovation classic. From Steve Jobs to Jeff Bezos, Clay Christensen’s work continues to underpin today’s most innovative leaders and organizations. The bestselling classic on disruptive innovation, by renowned author Clayton M. Christensen. His work is cited by the world’s best-known thought leaders, from Steve Jobs to Malcolm Gladwell. In this classic bestseller—one of the most influential business books of all time—innovation expert Clayton Christensen shows how even the most outstanding companies can do everything right—yet still lose market leadership. Christensen explains why most companies miss out on new waves of innovation. No matter the industry, he says, a successful company with established products will get pushed aside unless managers know how and when to abandon traditional business practices. Offering both successes and failures from leading companies as a guide, The Innovator’s Dilemma gives you a set of rules for capitalizing on the phenomenon of disruptive innovation. Sharp, cogent, and provocative—and consistently noted as one of the most valuable business ideas of all time—The Innovator’s Dilemma is the book no manager, leader, or entrepreneur should be without. |
| definition of technological development: Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics , 2013-03-29 Every decision about energy involves its price and cost. The price of gasoline and the cost of buying from foreign producers; the price of nuclear and hydroelectricity and the costs to our ecosystems; the price of electricity from coal-fired plants and the cost to the atmosphere. Giving life to inventions, lifestyle changes, geopolitical shifts, and things in-between, energy economics is of high interest to Academia, Corporations and Governments. For economists, energy economics is one of three subdisciplines which, taken together, compose an economic approach to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources: energy economics, which focuses on energy-related subjects such as renewable energy, hydropower, nuclear power, and the political economy of energy resource economics, which covers subjects in land and water use, such as mining, fisheries, agriculture, and forests environmental economics, which takes a broader view of natural resources through economic concepts such as risk, valuation, regulation, and distribution Although the three are closely related, they are not often presented as an integrated whole. This Encyclopedia has done just that by unifying these fields into a high-quality and unique overview. The only reference work that codifies the relationships among the three subdisciplines: energy economics, resource economics and environmental economics. Understanding these relationships just became simpler! Nobel Prize Winning Editor-in-Chief (joint recipient 2007 Peace Prize), Jason Shogren, has demonstrated excellent team work again, by coordinating and steering his Editorial Board to produce a cohesive work that guides the user seamlessly through the diverse topics This work contains in equal parts information from and about business, academic, and government perspectives and is intended to serve as a tool for unifying and systematizing research and analysis in business, universities, and government |
| definition of technological development: Emerging and Readily Available Technologies and National Security National Academy of Engineering, National Research Council, Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society Advisory Group, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Board on Life Sciences, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Committee on Ethical and Societal Implications of Advances in Militarily Significant Technologies That Are Rapidly Changing and Increasingly Globally Accessible, 2014-05-29 The summary version of Emerging and Readily Available Technologies and National Security distills the findings and recommendations of the complete report into a a booklet format. The full report is available here. |
| definition of technological development: Being Fluent with Information Technology National Research Council, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Committee on Information Technology Literacy, 1999-06-03 Computers, communications, digital information, softwareâ€the constituents of the information ageâ€are everywhere. Being computer literate, that is technically competent in two or three of today's software applications, is not enough anymore. Individuals who want to realize the potential value of information technology (IT) in their everyday lives need to be computer fluentâ€able to use IT effectively today and to adapt to changes tomorrow. Being Fluent with Information Technology sets the standard for what everyone should know about IT in order to use it effectively now and in the future. It explores three kinds of knowledgeâ€intellectual capabilities, foundational concepts, and skillsâ€that are essential for fluency with IT. The book presents detailed descriptions and examples of current skills and timeless concepts and capabilities, which will be useful to individuals who use IT and to the instructors who teach them. |
| definition of technological development: The Great Stagnation Tyler Cowen, 2011-01-25 Tyler Cowen’s controversial New York Times bestseller—the book heard round the world that ignited a firestorm of debate and redefined the nature of America’s economic malaise. America has been through the biggest financial crisis since the great Depression, unemployment numbers are frightening, media wages have been flat since the 1970s, and it is common to expect that things will get worse before they get better. Certainly, the multidecade stagnation is not yet over. How will we get out of this mess? One political party tries to increase government spending even when we have no good plan for paying for ballooning programs like Medicare and Social Security. The other party seems to think tax cuts will raise revenue and has a record of creating bigger fiscal disasters that the first. Where does this madness come from? As Cowen argues, our economy has enjoyed low-hanging fruit since the seventeenth century: free land, immigrant labor, and powerful new technologies. But during the last forty years, the low-hanging fruit started disappearing, and we started pretending it was still there. We have failed to recognize that we are at a technological plateau. The fruit trees are barer than we want to believe. That's it. That is what has gone wrong and that is why our politics is crazy. In The Great Stagnation, Cowen reveals the underlying causes of our past prosperity and how we will generate it again. This is a passionate call for a new respect of scientific innovations that benefit not only the powerful elites, but humanity as a whole. |
| definition of technological development: Cryogenic Process Engineering Klaus D. Timmerhaus, Thomas M. Flynn, 2013-06-29 Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the last century when man learned, for the first time, how to cool objects to a temperature lower than had ever existed na tu rally on the face of the earth. The air we breathe was first liquefied in 1883 by a Polish scientist named Olszewski. Ten years later he and a British scientist, Sir James Dewar, liquefied hydrogen. Helium, the last of the so-caBed permanent gases, was finally liquefied by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes in 1908. Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century the door had been opened to astrange new world of experimentation in which aB substances, except liquid helium, are solids and where the absolute temperature is only a few microdegrees away. However, the point on the temperature scale at which refrigeration in the ordinary sense of the term ends and cryogenics begins has ne ver been weB defined. Most workers in the field have chosen to restrict cryogenics to a tem perature range below -150°C (123 K). This is a reasonable dividing line since the normal boiling points of the more permanent gases, such as helium, hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and air, lie below this temperature, while the more common refrigerants have boiling points that are above this temperature. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components. |
| definition of technological development: The Silk Road: A Very Short Introduction James A. Millward, 2013-04-26 The Silk Road: A Very Short Introduction is a new look at an ancient subject: the silk road that linked China, India, Persia and the Mediterranean across the expanses of Central Asia. James A. Millward highlights unusual but important biological, technological and cultural exchanges over the silk roads that stimulated development across Eurasia and underpin civilization in our modern, globalized world. |
| definition of technological development: Implementing New Technology Dorothy Leonard-Barton, 1987 |
| definition of technological development: Agricultural Internet of Things and Decision Support for Precision Smart Farming Annamaria Castrignano, Gabriele Buttafuoco, Raj Khosla, Abdul Mouazen, Dimitrios Moshou, Olivier Naud, 2020-01-09 Agricultural Internet of Things and Decision Support for Smart Farming reveals how a set of key enabling technologies (KET) related to agronomic management, remote and proximal sensing, data mining, decision-making and automation can be efficiently integrated in one system. Chapters cover how KETs enable real-time monitoring of soil conditions, determine real-time, site-specific requirements of crop systems, help develop a decision support system (DSS) aimed at maximizing the efficient use of resources, and provide planning for agronomic inputs differentiated in time and space. This book is ideal for researchers, academics, post-graduate students and practitioners who want to embrace new agricultural technologies. - Presents the science behind smart technologies for agricultural management - Reveals the power of data science and how to extract meaningful insights from big data on what is most suitable based on individual time and space - Proves how advanced technologies used in agriculture practices can become site-specific, locally adaptive, operationally feasible and economically affordable |
| definition of technological development: On the Development of China's Information Technology Industry Jiang Zemin, 2009-11-13 In the early 1980's, Jiang Zemin, then Minister of Electronics Ministry of China, assessed the IT industry as 'the strategic high ground in international competition.' He perceived the discrepancy between China's level and the world's advanced level was so great that we had to do our utmost to catch up. Since then through numerous articles and frequent speeches he has drawn up a detailed technological and policy roadmap for doing exactly that. This volume collects over 25 pieces written over more than 20 years. It demonstrates the former president of China's authority and insight into the development of China's IT industry since the introduction of reforms, and the cutting-edge issues experienced throughout the global IT industry. Jiang's ambitious goal is the transformation of China into a leader in the global IT industry by 2020. This volume offers IT industry analysts, China watchers, policy makers and advisors, IT researchers, and investors a singular and authoritative view on how China should get there. - Establishes key measurements for the development of China's IT industry - Sets forth the priorities for government and industry - Identifies opportunities for interrelating military and civilian R&D and applications - Reveals key obstacles to progress and directives for overcoming them - Sets out an R&D agenda for industry - Names the core industry sectors for government and industry investment - Identifies opportunities and the necessity for international collaboration - Establishes the need to develop China's own IPR and to respect and protect others' IPR |
| definition of technological development: War and Technology: A Very Short Introduction Alex Roland, 2016-09-01 The war instinct is part of human nature, but the means to fight war depend on technology. Alex Roland traces the co-evolution of technology and warfare from the Stone Age to the age of cyberwar, describing the inventions that changed the direction of warfare throughout history: from fortified walls, the chariot, battleships, and the gunpowder revolution to bombers, rockets, improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and nuclear weapons. In the twenty-first century, new technologies continue to push warfare in unexpected directions, while warfare stimulates stunning new technological advances. Yet even now, the newest and best technology cannot guarantee victory. Brimming with dramatic narratives of battles and deep insights into military psychology, this book shows that although military technologies keep changing at great speed, the principles and patterns behind them abide. |
| definition of technological development: Proceedings of IAC-MEM 2015 in Vienna group of authors, 2015-11-09 Proceedings - International Academic Conference on Management, Economics and Marketing in Vienna 2015 |
| definition of technological development: The Digital Economy Don Tapscott, 1996 Looks at how the Internet is affecting businesses, education, and government, touching on the twelve themes of the new economy and privacy issues |
| definition of technological development: Using Technology to Advance Global Health National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Global Health, Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety, 2018-04-27 To explore how the use of technology can facilitate progress toward globally recognized health priorities, the Forum on Publicâ€Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety organized a public workshop. Participants identified and explored the major challenges and opportunities for developing and implementing digital health strategies within the global, country, and local context, and framed the case for cross-sector and cross-industry collaboration, engagement, and investment in digital health strategies. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. |
| definition of technological development: Cyber-Humans Woodrow Barfield, 2015-12-17 It is predicted that robots will surpass human intelligence within the next fifty years. The ever increasing speed of advances in technology and neuroscience, coupled with the creation of super computers and enhanced body parts and artificial limbs, is paving the way for a merger of both human and machine. Devices which were once worn on the body are now being implanted into the body, and as a result, a class of true cyborgs, who are displaying a range of skills beyond those of normal humans-beings, are being created. There are cyborgs which can see colour by hearing sound, others have the ability to detect magnetic fields, some are equipped with telephoto lenses to aid their vision or implanted computers to monitor their heart, and some use thought to communicate with a computer or to manipulate a robotic arm. This is not science-fiction, these are developments that are really happening now, and will continue to develop in the future. However, a range of legal and policy questions has arisen alongside this rise of artificial intelligence. Cyber-Humans provides a deep and unique perspective on the technological future of humanity, and describes how law and policy will be particularly relevant in creating a fair and equal society and protecting the liberties of different life forms which will emerge in the 21st century. Dr Woodrow (Woody) Barfield previously headed up the Sensory Engineering Laboratory, holding the position of Industrial and Systems Engineering Professor at the University of Washington. His research revolves around the design and use of wearable computers and augmented reality systems and holds both JD and LLM degrees in intellectual property law and policy. He has published over 350 articles and major presentations in the areas of computer science, engineering and law. He currently lives in Chapel Hill, NC, USA. |
| definition of technological development: Distributed Information Resources , 1999-07-26 Since its first volume in 1960, Advances in Computers has presented detailed coverage of innovations in hardware and software and in computer theory, design, and applications. It has also provided contributors with a medium in which they can examine their subjects in greater depth and breadth than that allowed by standard journal articles. As a result, many articles have become standard references that continue to be of significant, lasting value despite the rapid growth taking place in the field. |
| definition of technological development: Critical Theory of Technology Andrew Feenberg, 1991 This pathbreaking book argues that the roots of the degradation of labor, education, and the environment lie not in technology per se but in the cultural values embodied in its design. |
| definition of technological development: The Internet of Toys Giovanna Mascheroni, Donell Holloway, 2019-02-21 The Internet of Toys (IoToys) is a developing market within our Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. This book examines the rise of internet-connected toys and aims to anticipate the opportunities and risks of IoToys before their widespread diffusion. Contributors to this volume each provide a critical analysis of the design, production, regulation, representation and consumption of internet-connected toys. In order to address the theoretical, methodological and policy questions that arise from the study of these new playthings, and contextualise the diverse opportunities and challenges that IoToys pose to educators, families and children themselves, the chapters engage with notions of mediatization, datafication, robotification, connected and post-digital play. This timely engagement with a key transformation in children’s play will appeal to all readers interested in understanding the social uses and consequences of IoToys, and primarily to researchers and students in children and media, early childhood studies, media and communications, sociology, education, social psychology, law and design. |
| definition of technological development: Educational Technology Al Januszewski, Michael Molenda, 2013-01-11 Sponsored by the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT), this book presents a definition of the field of study and practice known as educational technology or instructional technology. It reflects the collaborative efforts of all members of the AECT Definition and Terminology Committee. The volume begins with the statement of the definition itself (chapter 1), followed by commentary chapters on each of the key terms and concepts contained in the definition (chapters 2-9). Chapter 10 provides historical context for the current definition by reviewing salient elements of prior AECT definitions. Chapter 11 discusses ethical considerations and chapter 12 concludes by discussing ramifications of the current definition for academic programs in educational technology. This book is appropriate for anyone working in the field of educational technology: students, instructors, researchers and in-service providers. |
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
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Definition definition: the act of defining, or of making something definite, distinct, or clear.. See examples of DEFINITION used in a sentence.
DEFINITION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
DEFINITION definition: 1. a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase: 2. a description of the features and…. Learn more.
DEFINITION definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A definition is a statement giving the meaning of a word or expression, especially in a dictionary.
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Definition of definition noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Definition - Wikipedia
A nominal definition is the definition explaining what a word means (i.e., which says what the "nominal essence" is), and is definition in the classical sense as given above. A real definition, …
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Here is one definition from a popular dictionary: 'Any instrument or organization by which power is applied and made effective, or a desired effect produced.' Well, then, is not a man a machine?
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Jun 8, 2025 · definition (countable and uncountable, plural definitions) ( semantics , lexicography ) A statement of the meaning of a word , word group, sign , or symbol ; especially, a dictionary …
Definition Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
DEFINITION meaning: 1 : an explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, etc. a statement that defines a word, phrase, etc.; 2 : a statement that describes what something is
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USHER AND SCHUMPETER ON INVENTION, INNOVATION, …
Schumpeter's definition of innovation bears a remarkably close resemblance to the definition of technological change currently used by students of productivity and technological change. …
Technological Literacy: A New Basic - Ball State University
University’s CORE curriculum, the following will provide a definition of technology and technological literacy, and establish a rationale for its inclusion in a CORE and the ...
3. Definition of research and experimental development (R&D)
development (R&D) The HERDC definition of . research and experimental development, abbreviated as R&D, is consistent with the OECD definition of research and experimental …
Transportation in the Twenty-First Century: Technological
related technological opportunities in society creates interests that affect the behavior and evolution of the social-supporting mechanisms, which in turn powerfully affect the transport …
Chapter 8 The Technology Gap in the Developing World and …
The Fourth Industrial Revolution refers to the rapid technological advancement launched, in many ways, by the microelectronics revolution and the information and communication technology …
Technological advances relevant to transport – …
technological fatalists and the technologically ignorant are passive, in contrast with technological optimists and those pursuing business as usual. Those conducting futures-based strategy …
The Impacts of Technological Invention on Economic Growth …
innovation-related factors (such as research and development, technological change, greater capital intensity, and greater human capital) on growth in economic ... The definition of …
LIBRAR Y AND INFORMA TION CENTRES : CONCEPT AND …
1.3 DEFINITION OF A LIBRAR Y The word Library is derived from the Latin word libraria meaning a book place . It originates from the term liber which means a book . According to the Oxford …
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPICS COMMITTEE (IOC) technological …
Term Definition Technological Advancement The development and implementation of new tools, equipment, or processes that improve performance, accuracy, or accessibility in sports. …
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technological change or innovation into incremental, continuous and basic, radical discontinuous technological changes. The key aspect for characterizing technological change is its …
and Development an - JSTOR
nothing similar exists in the literature on "technological innovation," a phrase that emerged afterWorldWar II. This paper suggests that techno-logicalinnovationisacounter-concept …
Key enabling technologies for Europe's - European Parliament
The definition of technological sovereignty devised for this study aims to reconcile these two approaches in 's ability to develop, provide, protect and retain Europe critical the ... the …
Science, technology and innovation for sustainable …
development Background report by Keun Lee* and John Mathews+ ... disadvantages as they attempt to catch-up with the technological leaders, but they can enjoy latecomer advantages, if …
Technology Readiness Assessment - NASA Technical Reports …
assessments throughout the technology development lifecycle lead to greater infusion of technology into missions with a concomitant cost realism for development. This guide …
Technology Readiness Assessment Guidebook - Under …
products increased the likelihood of cost overruns and delays in product development. DoD formally endorsed the use of TRLs in 2001. DoD produced a TRA Deskbook in 2003 and …
14.461: Technological Change, Lecture 1 - Massachusetts …
Endogenous Technological Change Expanding Variety Models Introduction The key to understanding technology is that R&D and technology adoption are purposeful activities, so …
Characteristics of Technological - Montana State University
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The TRL Scale as a Research & Innovation Policy Tool, EARTO …
development for space systems. Development of high-tech technological systems typically depends on the successful synchronised development of the individual technologies needed. …
Systematic Review Toward A Definition of Technological …
Systematic Review Toward A Definition of Technological Leadership M. Gananta1*, Prawitra Thalib2, Fendy Suhariadi3, Ian Firstian Aldhi4, Elvia Rahmawati5, Dwi Hardaningtyas6 1. …
THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN TERMS OF AN …
ENTERPRISE’S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT Alla S. Ivanova, Nataliia G. Holionko, Tetiana B. Tverdushka, Tadeusz Olejarz, Alina Y. Yakymchuk Abstract The objective of this …
Positive Technological Development (PTD) Rubric - Boston …
The Positive Technological Development (PTD) Rubric is based on the theoretical foundation of Positive Technological Development (PTD). The PTD framework guides the development, …
Technology and the UNFCCC
• Identify technological means to address climate change and accelerate national development • Build national capacity to support national sustainable development • Create technology action …
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH - Yale …
the development process, with economic growth, described as an imperfect proxy for more general welfare, or as a means toward enhanced human development. This debate has …
Karl Marx and the Three Faces of Technological Determinism …
Technological Interpretation of History', offers a more explicit case, claiming that Marx conceived of social processes not in economic but in technological terms.5 No less a figure in the study …
Fostering the Advancement of the Internet of Things
rate – is a technological development that is transforming the way we live and do business. IoT continues the decades-long trend of increasing connectivity among devices and the Internet, …
A PRIMER ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE U.S.
technological solutions to the adverse balance of forces between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Most experts agree on the impor tance given to the technological edge when discussing the …
THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Technology Readiness Level Definition - Department of …
development and lab testing of technological components are performed. Results provide evidence that applicable component/process performance targets may be attainable based on …
AP World History: Modern - AP Central
(A) Identify ONE technological development that directly contributed to the Columbian Exchange. 1 point Examples that earn this point include the following: • The spread of navigation …
The Key to Sustainable Technological Development - HRPUB
Oct 30, 2017 · sustainable technological development of any nation. Technical education has been an integral part of national development in many societies because of its impact on …
TPACK: AN EMERGING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT …
2010). In this paper a review is presented followed by a definition of the TPACK construct and then illustrations of several recent exemplary current research and development projects that …
The role of technological trajectories in catching-up based …
technological creation, mainly uses counts of patents by economic sector or by technological class as an indicator for the creative potential of firms in latecomer countries. Given the …
Technological Change in Industry in Developing Countries
The rapidity of technological change, an increase in the number of suppliers, and the faster diffusion of technology have all tended to shorten the life-span of new technologies. There is …
A FRAMEWORK FOR Science, Technology and Innovation …
As the need for knowledge-based alternatives to finance-led development strategies becomes more evident, the STIP Review programme aims to support the development of national …
Technological Breakthroughs and Productivity Growth
technological development has been much more rapid during the ICT revolution compared to any of the previous breakthroughs. Keywords: Electrification; ... distinguish among all possible …
Guiding notes to use the TRL self- assessment tool - Horizon …
the research and development phases, it is possible to have iterations among the different TRL levels. ... from a technological point of view. In TRL 6, the prototype has to be demonstrated in …
The Meaning of Scientific Literacy - ed
10. remains open to new evidence and the tentativeness of scientific/technological knowledge; and 11. engages in science/technology for excitement and possible explanations. Societal 12. …
WHAT DRIVES INNOVATION? - Harvard Business School
ing of technological development. While other factors—such as the nature of commercialization environments and market structure dynamics—are also im-portant, the weighting on the three …
5 Technological Dependence - Springer
Technological Dependence 115 Built into this approach was the almost Darwinian view, that pro gress was inevitable - not just in the sense that development would inevitably occur, given the …
Technology Integration: Implication for Teachers’ Professional …
training should include technological tools appropriate to the subject matter, and provide teachers with on-going professional development. Statement of the Problem Technology integration in …
U.S. Air Force Science and Technology Strategy
reaching technological parity, they also push to erode our mil itary’s technological superiority. Vision for 2030 and Beyond The guiding vision of this S trategy is an Air Force that dominates …
Chapter V National policies for green development
Technological innovation is at the heart of economic and social development. Building technological capacities can help developing countries “catch up” with more advanced
Emergence as a Conceptual Framework for Understanding …
describing activities in scientific research and technological development. We further elaborate on this framework to ... definition of emergence, we note that emergent phenomena are identified …
Fostering Innovation Policies for Industrial Development
Similarly, the industrial development strategy of a country may emphasize job growth, particularly to facilitate recovery from the economic and financial crisis of 2007-2008, but it is the STI …
Chapter 1 What Is Technology? - Springer
apprenticeship, or copying from other agents. The technological knowledge can be based on planned scientic research and development or serendipitous discovery. • Solves a specic …
Ocean mapping: A history of exploration in meaningful words
mineral resource exploration, renewable energy, marine spatial planning, exclusive economic zone definition, technological research and development, fishery resources management, …
Social Affairs Economic Globalization: Trends, Risks and Risk …
development of economic globalization, it has become more and more independent. Compared with commodity and labor markets, th e financial market is the only one that has realized …
UN SECRETARY-GENERAL’S STRATEGY ON NEW …
Sustainable Development Agenda and to facilitate their alignment with the values ... technological advances are designed and used for the common good, to give
Technology Leapfrogging for Developing T Countries
to prolong their subservient position in development. In ca-pabilities development and learning processes for example, developing countries should be exposed to and educated in the skills …
Sustainable Development: From Brundtland to Rio 2012
GSP1-6 Page 2 of 26 Executive Summary The term, sustainable development, was popularized in Our Common Future, a report published by the World Commission on Environment and …
