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| definition of political patronage: Making Sense of Corruption Bo Rothstein, Aiysha Varraich, 2017-03-09 This book provides a systematic analysis of how the understanding of corruption has evolved and pinpoints what constitutes corruption. |
| definition of political patronage: Patronage as Politics in South Asia Anastasia Piliavsky, 2014-10-16 Western policymakers, political activists and academics alike see patronage as the chief enemy of open, democratic societies. Patronage, for them, is a corrupting force, a hallmark of failed and failing states, and the obverse of everything that good, modern governance ought to be. South Asia poses a frontal challenge for this consensus. Here the world's most populous, pluralist and animated democracy is also a hotbed of corruption with persistently startling levels of inequality. Patronage as Politics in South Asia confronts this paradox with calm erudition: sixteen essays by anthropologists, historians and political scientists show, from a wide range of cultural and historical angles, that in South Asia patronage is no feudal residue or retrograde political pressure, but a political form vital in its own right. This volume suggests that patronage is no foe to South Asia's burgeoning democratic cultures, but may in fact be their main driving force. |
| definition of political patronage: Patronage in the Renaissance Guy Fitch Lytle, Stephen Orgel, 2014-07-14 The fourteen essays in this collection explore the dominance of patronage in Renaissance politics, religion, theatre, and artistic life. Originally published in 1982. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
| definition of political patronage: Patrons, Clients and Policies Herbert Kitschelt, Steven I. Wilkinson, 2007-03-29 A study of patronage politics and the persistence of clientelism across a range of countries. |
| definition of political patronage: Clientelism, Capitalism, and Democracy Didi Kuo, 2018-08-16 In the United States and Britain, capitalists organized in opposition to clientelism and demanded programmatic parties and institutional reforms. |
| definition of political patronage: Patronal Politics Henry E. Hale, 2015 This book proposes a new way of understanding events throughout the world that are usually interpreted as democratization, rising authoritarianism, or revolution. Where the rule of law is weak and corruption pervasive, what may appear to be democratic or authoritarian breakthroughs are often just regular, predictable phases in longer-term cyclic dynamics - patronal politics. This is shown through in-depth narratives of the post-1991 political history of all post-Soviet polities that are not in the European Union. This book also includes chapters on czarist and Soviet history and on global patterns. |
| definition of political patronage: Public Administration David Rosenbloom, 2008 The seventh edition of Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector grounds students in the fundamentals of public administration while embracing its complexity through multiple sets of values that affect administrative management of the American state. This cutting-edge new edition explains and analyzes public administration from the point of view of three well-established perspectives: management, politics, and law. |
| definition of political patronage: Why Ethnic Parties Succeed Kanchan Chandra, 2007-02-15 Why do some ethnic parties succeed in attracting the support of their target ethnic group while others fail? In a world in which ethnic parties flourish in both established and emerging democracies alike, understanding the conditions under which such parties rise and fall is of critical importance to both political scientists and policy makers. Drawing on a study of variation in the performance of ethnic parties in India, this book builds a theory of ethnic party performance in 'patronage democracies'. Chandra shows why individual voters and political entrepreneurs in such democracies condition their strategies not on party ideologies or policy platforms, but on a headcount of co-ethnics and others across party personnel and among the electorate. |
| definition of political patronage: Strong Patronage, Weak Parties Paul D. Hutchcroft, 2020 The current combination of electoral systems in the Philippines essentially guarantees the perpetuation of weak and incoherent political parties. As long as parties are weak and lacking in coherence, the primary focus of political contention is much more likely to be on patronage and pork than on policies and programs. As political reformers seek to address these fundamental problems of the Philippine polity, there is no better place to start than through a well-constructed set of changes to the electoral system. In this volume, expert contributors survey major types of electoral systems found throughout the world, explain their powerful influence on both democratic quality and development outcomes, and explore the comparative political dynamics of reform processes. A recurring theme is the virtue of a mixed electoral system involving some element of closed-list proportional representation -- known internationally as one of the most effective means of building stronger and more coherent political parties. This, in turn, can be expected to encourage the emergence of a more policy-oriented (and less patronage-driven) polity. |
| definition of political patronage: Zero Hunger Aaron Ansell, 2014-05-19 When Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva of Brazil's Workers' Party soared to power in 2003, he promised to end hunger in the nation. In a vivid ethnography with an innovative approach to Brazilian politics, Aaron Ansell assesses President Lula's flagship antipoverty program, Zero Hunger (Fome Zero), focusing on its rollout among agricultural workers in the poor northeastern state of Piaui. Linking the administration's fight against poverty to a more subtle effort to change the region's political culture, Ansell rethinks the nature of patronage and provides a novel perspective on the state under Workers' Party rule. Aiming to strengthen democratic processes, frontline officials attempted to dismantle the long-standing patron-client relationships--Ansell identifies them as intimate hierarchies--that bound poor people to local elites. Illuminating the symbolic techniques by which officials attempted to influence Zero Hunger beneficiaries' attitudes toward power, class, history, and ethnic identity, Ansell shows how the assault on patronage increased political awareness but also confused and alienated the program's participants. He suggests that, instead of condemning patronage, policymakers should harness the emotional energy of intimate hierarchies to better facilitate the participation of all citizens in political and economic development. |
| definition of political patronage: Population and Politics John Gerring, Wouter Veenendaal, 2020-05-28 Analyzes scale effects across a range of political dimensions, encompassing different political levels using a multi-method approach. |
| definition of political patronage: The Federal Civil Service System and the Problem of Bureaucracy Ronald N. Johnson, Gary D. Libecap, 2007-12-01 The call to reinvent government—to reform the government bureaucracy of the United States—resonates as loudly from elected officials as from the public. Examining the political and economic forces that have shaped the American civil service system from its beginnings in 1883 through today, the authors of this volume explain why, despite attempts at an overhaul, significant change in the bureaucracy remains a formidable challenge. |
| definition of political patronage: Oxford Bibliographies Ilan Stavans, An emerging field of study that explores the Hispanic minority in the United States, Latino Studies is enriched by an interdisciplinary perspective. Historians, sociologists, anthropologists, political scientists, demographers, linguists, as well as religion, ethnicity, and culture scholars, among others, bring a varied, multifaceted approach to the understanding of a people whose roots are all over the Americas and whose permanent home is north of the Rio Grande. Oxford Bibliographies in Latino Studies offers an authoritative, trustworthy, and up-to-date intellectual map to this ever-changing discipline.--Editorial page. |
| definition of political patronage: The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics Carles Boix, Susan Carol Stokes, 2007 The Oxford Handbooks of Political Science is a ten-volume set of reference books offering authoritative and engaging critical overviews of the state of political science. Each volume focuses on a particular part of the discipline, with volumes on Public Policy, Political Theory, Political Economy, Contextual Political Analysis, Comparative Politics, International Relations, Law and Politics, Political Behavior, Political Institutions, and Political Methodology. The project as a whole is under the General Editorship of Robert E. Goodin, with each volume being edited by a distinguished international group of specialists in their respective fields. The books set out not just to report on the discipline, but to shape it. The series will be an indispensable point of reference for anyone working in political science and adjacent disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics offers a critical survey of the field of empirical political science through the collection of a set of chapters written by forty-seven top scholars in the discipline of comparative politics. Part I includes chapters surveying the key research methodologies employed in comparative politics (the comparative method; the use of history; the practice and status of case-study research; the contributions of field research) and assessing the possibility of constructing a science of comparative politics. Parts II to IV examine the foundations of political order: the origins of states and the extent to which they relate to war and to economic development; the sources of compliance or political obligation among citizens; democratic transitions, the role of civic culture; authoritarianism; revolutions; civil wars and contentious politics. Parts V and VI explore the mobilization, representation and coordination of political demands. Part V considers why parties emerge, the forms they take and the ways in which voters choose parties. It then includes chapters on collective action, social movements and political participation. Part VI opens up with essays on the mechanisms through which political demands are aggregated and coordinated. This sets the agenda to the systematic exploration of the workings and effects of particular institutions: electoral systems, federalism, legislative-executive relationships, the judiciary and bureaucracy. Finally, Part VII is organized around the burgeoning literature on macropolitical economy of the last two decades. |
| definition of political patronage: Civic Patronage in the Roman Empire John Nicols, 2013-11-28 The Roman Empire may be properly described as a consortium of cities (and not as set of proto national states). From the late Republic and into the Principate, the Roman elite managed the empire through insititutional and personal ties to the communities of the Empire. Especially in the Latin West the emperors encouraged the adoption of the Latin language and urban amenities, and were generous in the award of citizenship. This process, and ‘Romanization’ is a reasonable label, was facilitated by civic patronage. The literary evidence provides a basis for understanding this transformation from subject to citizen and for constructing a higher allegiance to the idea of Rome. We gain a more complete understanding of the process by considering the legal and monumental/epigraphical evidence that guided and encouraged such benefaction and exchange. This book uses all three forms of evidence to provide a deeper understanding of how patrocinium publicum served as a formal vehicle for securing the goodwill of the citizens and subjects of Rome. |
| definition of political patronage: American Government 3e Glen Krutz, Sylvie Waskiewicz, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. American Government 3e aligns with the topics and objectives of many government courses. Faculty involved in the project have endeavored to make government workings, issues, debates, and impacts meaningful and memorable to students while maintaining the conceptual coverage and rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from the fundamental principles of institutional design at the founding, to avenues of political participation, to thorough coverage of the political structures that constitute American government. The book builds upon what students have already learned and emphasizes connections between topics as well as between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses, future careers, and as engaged citizens. In order to help students understand the ways that government, society, and individuals interconnect, the revision includes more examples and details regarding the lived experiences of diverse groups and communities within the United States. The authors and reviewers sought to strike a balance between confronting the negative and harmful elements of American government, history, and current events, while demonstrating progress in overcoming them. In doing so, the approach seeks to provide instructors with ample opportunities to open discussions, extend and update concepts, and drive deeper engagement. |
| definition of political patronage: American Empire and the Politics of Meaning Julian Go, 2008-03-14 When the United States took control of the Philippines and Puerto Rico in the wake of the Spanish-American War, it declared that it would transform its new colonies through lessons in self-government and the ways of American-style democracy. In both territories, U.S. colonial officials built extensive public school systems, and they set up American-style elections and governmental institutions. The officials aimed their lessons in democratic government at the political elite: the relatively small class of the wealthy, educated, and politically powerful within each colony. While they retained ultimate control for themselves, the Americans let the elite vote, hold local office, and formulate legislation in national assemblies. American Empire and the Politics of Meaning is an examination of how these efforts to provide the elite of Puerto Rico and the Philippines a practical education in self-government played out on the ground in the early years of American colonial rule, from 1898 until 1912. It is the first systematic comparative analysis of these early exercises in American imperial power. The sociologist Julian Go unravels how American authorities used “culture” as both a tool and a target of rule, and how the Puerto Rican and Philippine elite received, creatively engaged, and sometimes silently subverted the Americans’ ostensibly benign intentions. Rather than finding that the attempt to transplant American-style democracy led to incommensurable “culture clashes,” Go assesses complex processes of cultural accommodation and transformation. By combining rich historical detail with broader theories of meaning, culture, and colonialism, he provides an innovative study of the hidden intersections of political power and cultural meaning-making in America’s earliest overseas empire. |
| definition of political patronage: Democracies Divided Thomas Carothers, Andrew O'Donohue, 2019-09-24 “A must-read for anyone concerned about the fate of contemporary democracies.”—Steven Levitsky, co-author of How Democracies Die 2020 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Why divisions have deepened and what can be done to heal them As one part of the global democratic recession, severe political polarization is increasingly afflicting old and new democracies alike, producing the erosion of democratic norms and rising societal anger. This volume is the first book-length comparative analysis of this troubling global phenomenon, offering in-depth case studies of countries as wide-ranging and important as Brazil, India, Kenya, Poland, Turkey, and the United States. The case study authors are a diverse group of country and regional experts, each with deep local knowledge and experience. Democracies Divided identifies and examines the fissures that are dividing societies and the factors bringing polarization to a boil. In nearly every case under study, political entrepreneurs have exploited and exacerbated long-simmering divisions for their own purposes—in the process undermining the prospects for democratic consensus and productive governance. But this book is not simply a diagnosis of what has gone wrong. Each case study discusses actions that concerned citizens and organizations are taking to counter polarizing forces, whether through reforms to political parties, institutions, or the media. The book’s editors distill from the case studies a range of possible ways for restoring consensus and defeating polarization in the world’s democracies. Timely, rigorous, and accessible, this book is of compelling interest to civic activists, political actors, scholars, and ordinary citizens in societies beset by increasingly rancorous partisanship. |
| definition of political patronage: Soft Corruption William E. Schluter, 2017-02-24 New Jersey has long been a breeding ground for political corruption, and most of it is perfectly legal. Public officials accept favors from lobbyists, give paid positions to relatives, and rig the electoral process to favor their cronies in a system where campaign money is used to buy government results. Such unethical behavior is known as “soft corruption,” and former New Jersey legislator William E. Schluter has been fighting it for the past fifty years. In this searing personal narrative, the former state senator recounts his fight to expose and reform these acts of government misconduct. Not afraid to cite specific cases of soft corruption in New Jersey politics, he paints a vivid portrait of public servants who care more about political power and personal gain than the public good. By recounting events that he witnessed firsthand in the Garden State, he provides dramatic illustrations of ills that afflict American politics nationwide. As he identifies five main forms of soft corruption, Schluter diagnoses the state government’s ethical malaise, and offers concrete policy suggestions for how it might be cured. Not simply a dive through the muck of New Jersey politics, Soft Corruption is an important first step to reforming our nation’s political system, a book that will inspire readers to demand that our elected officials can and must do better. Visit: www.softcorruption.com (http://www.softcorruption.com) |
| definition of political patronage: U.S. History P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery, 2024-09-10 U.S. History is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of most introductory courses. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived experience). U.S. History covers key forces that form the American experience, with particular attention to issues of race, class, and gender. |
| definition of political patronage: Investing in Authoritarian Rule Anuradha Chakravarty, 2016 This book shows how Rwanda's mass courts for genocide crimes helped ensure political stability and authoritarian control for Rwandan elites. |
| definition of political patronage: Public Personnel Administration Ronald D. Sylvia, C. Kenneth Meyer, 2002 1. The Evolution of Personnel Management. 2. Trends in State and Local Government Human Resources. 3. Equal Employment Opportunity in the United States. 4. Women at Work. 5. Work-Force Diversity and Family Issues. 6. Human Resource Planning. 7. Recruitment. 8. Classification Systems. 9. Compensation. 10. Performance Appraisal Systems. 11. Employee Training and Development. 12. Public Sector Collective Bargaining. 13. Management in a Union Environment. 14. Employee Discipline and Conflict Resolution Systems. |
| definition of political patronage: The New Kremlinology Alexander Baturo, Johan A. Elkink, 2021 This book is the in-depth examination of the development of regime personalization in Russia. |
| definition of political patronage: Political Order and Political Decay Francis Fukuyama, 2014-09-30 The second volume of the bestselling landmark work on the history of the modern state Writing in The Wall Street Journal, David Gress called Francis Fukuyama's Origins of Political Order magisterial in its learning and admirably immodest in its ambition. In The New York Times Book Review, Michael Lind described the book as a major achievement by one of the leading public intellectuals of our time. And in The Washington Post, Gerard DeGrott exclaimed this is a book that will be remembered. Bring on volume two. Volume two is finally here, completing the most important work of political thought in at least a generation. Taking up the essential question of how societies develop strong, impersonal, and accountable political institutions, Fukuyama follows the story from the French Revolution to the so-called Arab Spring and the deep dysfunctions of contemporary American politics. He examines the effects of corruption on governance, and why some societies have been successful at rooting it out. He explores the different legacies of colonialism in Latin America, Africa, and Asia, and offers a clear-eyed account of why some regions have thrived and developed more quickly than others. And he boldly reckons with the future of democracy in the face of a rising global middle class and entrenched political paralysis in the West. A sweeping, masterful account of the struggle to create a well-functioning modern state, Political Order and Political Decay is destined to be a classic. |
| definition of political patronage: Political Corruption Robert Alan Sparling, 2019-05-17 The notion of corruption as a problem for politics spans many centuries and political, social, and cultural contexts. But it is incredibly difficult to define what we mean when we describe a regime or actor as corrupt: while corruption suggests a falling away from purity, health, or integrity, it flourishes today in an environment that is often inarticulate about its moral ideals and wary of perfectionist discourse. Providing a historical perspective on the idea, Robert Alan Sparling explores diverse visions of corruption that have been elucidated by thinkers across the modern philosophical tradition. In a series of chronologically ordered philosophical portraits, Political Corruption considers the different ways in which a metaphor of impurity, disease, and dissolution was deployed by political philosophers from the Renaissance to the early twentieth century. Focusing specifically on the thought of Erasmus, Étienne de La Boétie, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, Bolingbroke, Robespierre, Kant, and Weber, Sparling situates these thinkers in their historical contexts and argues that each of them offers a distinctive vision of corruption that has continuing relevance in contemporary political debates. He contrasts immoderate purists with impure moderates and reveals corruption to be a language of reaction and revolution. The book explores themes such as the nature of civic trust and distrust; the relationship of transparency to accountability; the integrity of leaders and the character of uncorrupted citizens; the division between public and private; the nature of dependency; and the relationship between regime and civic disposition. Political Corruption examines how philosophers have conceived of public office and its abuse and how they have sought to insulate the public sphere from anticivic inclinations and interests. Sparling argues that speaking coherently about political corruption in our present moment requires a robust account of the good regime and of the character of its citizens and officeholders. |
| definition of political patronage: Civil Service in Great Britain Dorman Bridgman Eaton, 1880 |
| definition of political patronage: The Gilded Age Mark Twain, Charles Dudley Warner, 1904 |
| definition of political patronage: Handbook of Party Politics Richard S Katz, William J Crotty, 2006-01-05 ′This thoughtful and wide-ranging review of parties and party research contains contributions from many of the foremost party scholars and is a must for all library shelves′ - Richard Luther, Keele University ′The study of political parties has never been livelier and this genuinely international Handbook – theoretically rich, comparatively informed, and focused on important questions – defines the field. This volume is both an indispensable summary of what we know and the starting point for future research′ - R K Carty, University of British Columbia ′Political parties are ubiquitous, but their forms and functions vary greatly from regime to regime, from continent to continent, and from era to era. The Handbook of Party Politics captures this variation and richness in impressive ways. The editors have assembled an excellent team, and the scope of the volume is vast and intriguing′ - Kaare Strom, University of California, San Diego Political parties are indispensable to democracy and a central subject of research and study in political science around the world. This major new handbook is the first to comprehensively map the state-of-the-art in contemporary party politics scholarship. The Handbook is designed to: - provide an invaluable survey of the major theories and approaches in this dynamic area of study and research - give students and researchers a concise ′road map′ to the core literatures in all the sub-fields of party related theorizing and research - identify the theories, approaches and topics that define the current ′cutting edge′ of the field. The Handbook is comparative in overall approach but also addresses some topics to be addressed in nationally or regionally specific ways. The resulting collaboration has brought together the world′s leading party theorists to provide an unrivalled resource on the role of parties in the pressing contemporary problems of institutional design and democratic governance today. |
| definition of political patronage: Populism and Patronage Paul D. Kenny, 2017 Populist rule is bad for democracy, yet in country after country, populists are being voted into office. Populism and Patronage shows that the populists such as Indira Gandhi and Narendra Modi win elections when the institutionalized ties between non-populist parties and voters decay. Yet, the explanations for this decay differ across different types of party system. Populism and Patronage focuses on the particular vulnerability of patronage-based party systems to populism. Patronage-based systems are ones in which parties depend on the distribution of patronage through a network of brokers to mobilize voters. Drawing on principal agent theory and social network theory, this book argues that an increase in broker autonomy weakens the ties between patronage parties and voters, making latter available for direct mobilization by populists. Decentralization is thus a major factor behind populist success in patronage democracies. The volume argues that populists exploit the breakdown in national patronage networks by connecting directly with the people through the media and mass rallies, avoiding or minimizing the use of deeply-institutionalized party structures.This book not only reinterprets the recurrent appeal of populism in India, but also offers a more general theory of populist electoral support that is tested using qualitative and quantitative data on cases from across Asia and around the world, including Indonesia, Japan, Venezuela, and Peru. |
| definition of political patronage: The Political Logic of Poverty Relief Alberto Diaz-Cayeros, Federico Estévez, Beatriz Magaloni, 2016-02-26 The Political Logic of Poverty Relief places electoral politics and institutional design at the core of poverty alleviation. The authors develop a theory with applications to Mexico about how elections shape social programs aimed at aiding the poor. They also assess whether voters reward politicians for targeted poverty alleviation programs. |
| definition of political patronage: Elite Capture Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò, 2022-05-03 “Identity politics” is everywhere, polarizing discourse from the campaign trail to the classroom and amplifying antagonisms in the media, both online and off. But the compulsively referenced phrase bears little resemblance to the concept as first introduced by the radical Black feminist Combahee River Collective. While the Collective articulated a political viewpoint grounded in their own position as Black lesbians with the explicit aim of building solidarity across lines of difference, identity politics is now frequently weaponized as a means of closing ranks around ever-narrower conceptions of group interests. But the trouble, Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò deftly argues, is not with identity politics itself. Through a substantive engagement with the global Black radical tradition and a critical understanding of racial capitalism, Táíwò identifies the process by which a radical concept can be stripped of its political substance and liberatory potential by becoming the victim of elite capture—deployed by political, social, and economic elites in the service of their own interests. Táíwò’s crucial intervention both elucidates this complex process and helps us move beyond a binary of “class” vs. “race.” By rejecting elitist identity politics in favor of a constructive politics of radical solidarity, he advances the possibility of organizing across our differences in the urgent struggle for a better world. |
| definition of political patronage: Friendship and Politics in Post-Revolutionary France Sarah Horowitz, 2015-06-10 In Friendship and Politics in Post-Revolutionary France, Sarah Horowitz brings together the political and cultural history of post-revolutionary France to illuminate how French society responded to and recovered from the upheaval of the French Revolution. The Revolution led to a heightened sense of distrust and divided the nation along ideological lines. In the wake of the Terror, many began to express concerns about the atomization of French society. Friendship, though, was regarded as one bond that could restore trust and cohesion. Friends relied on each other to serve as confidants; men and women described friendship as a site of both pleasure and connection. Because trust and cohesion were necessary to the functioning of post-revolutionary parliamentary life, politicians turned to friends and ideas about friendship to create this solidarity. Relying on detailed analyses of politicians’ social networks, new tools arising from the digital humanities, and examinations of behind-the-scenes political transactions, Horowitz makes clear the connection between politics and emotions in the early nineteenth century, and she reevaluates the role of women in political life by showing the ways in which the personal was the political in the post-revolutionary era. |
| definition of political patronage: Democracy for Sale Edward Aspinall, Ward Berenschot, 2019-04-15 Democracy for Sale is an on-the-ground account of Indonesian democracy, analyzing its election campaigns and behind-the-scenes machinations. Edward Aspinall and Ward Berenschot assess the informal networks and political strategies that shape access to power and privilege in the messy political environment of contemporary Indonesia. In post-Suharto Indonesian politics the exchange of patronage for political support is commonplace. Clientelism, argue the authors, saturates the political system, and in Democracy for Sale they reveal the everyday practices of vote buying, influence peddling, manipulating government programs, and skimming money from government projects. In doing so, Aspinall and Berenschot advance three major arguments. The first argument points toward the role of religion, kinship, and other identities in Indonesian clientelism. The second explains how and why Indonesia's distinctive system of free-wheeling clientelism came into being. And the third argument addresses variation in the patterns and intensity of clientelism. Through these arguments and with comparative leverage from political practices in India and Argentina, Democracy for Sale provides compelling evidence of the importance of informal networks and relationships rather than formal parties and institutions in contemporary Indonesia. |
| definition of political patronage: The Economy of Friends Koenraad Verboven, 2002 |
| definition of political patronage: The Origins of Political Order Francis Fukuyama, 2011-05-12 Nations are not trapped by their pasts, but events that happened hundreds or even thousands of years ago continue to exert huge influence on present-day politics. If we are to understand the politics that we now take for granted, we need to understand its origins. Francis Fukuyama examines the paths that different societies have taken to reach their current forms of political order. This book starts with the very beginning of mankind and comes right up to the eve of the French and American revolutions, spanning such diverse disciplines as economics, anthropology and geography. The Origins of Political Order is a magisterial study on the emergence of mankind as a political animal, by one of the most eminent political thinkers writing today. |
| definition of political patronage: Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia Edward Aspinall, Mada Sukmajati, 2016-04-05 How do politicians win elected office in Indonesia? To find out, research teams fanned out across the country prior to Indonesia’s 2014 legislative election to record campaign events, interview candidates and canvassers, and observe their interactions with voters. They found that at the grassroots political parties are less important than personal campaign teams and vote brokers who reach out to voters through a wide range of networks associated with religion, ethnicity, kinship, micro enterprises, sports clubs and voluntary groups of all sorts. Above all, candidates distribute patronage—cash, goods and other material benefits—to individual voters and to communities. Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia brings to light the scale and complexity of vote buying and the many uncertainties involved in this style of politics, providing an unusually intimate portrait of politics in a patronage-based system. |
| definition of political patronage: The Permanent Campaign Sidney Blumenthal, 1982 |
| definition of political patronage: Police Administration and Progressive Reform Jay Stuart Berman, 1987-11-03 Jay Stuart Berman has written a clear, useful, and persuasive book. Regardless of Theodore Roosevelt's precise role in police reform, this study sheds considerable light on a crucial period in the development of American law enforcement, and Berman's analysis of the important relationship between a Progressive reform and the birth of the modern police makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the history of the police in America. Criminal Justice Review While recent research in criminal justice has made major contributions to the rapid advancements and changes that have occurred in the field, little effort has been devoted to developing a historical perspective on the processes and institutions of the criminal justice system. Seeking to expand our understanding of significant historical antecedents, Professor Berman focusses on the law enforcement reforms of Theodore Roosevelt, who was a pivotal figure in the evolution of the American police department. In the first full-length study of the subject, the author considers Roosevelt's term as police commissioner (1895-1897) in the context of Progressive Era urban reform, and he analyzes the professional model Roosevelt developed, its strengths and weaknesses, and its implications for contemporary criminal justice. |
| definition of political patronage: Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments Benjamin Constant, 2003 Benjamin Constant (1767-1830) was born in Switzerland and became one of France's leading writers, as well as a journalist, philosopher, and politician. His colourful life included a formative stay at the University of Edinburgh; service at the court of Brunswick, Germany; election to the French Tribunate; and initial opposition and subsequent support for Napoleon, even the drafting of a constitution for the Hundred Days. Constant wrote many books, essays, and pamphlets. His deepest conviction was that reform is hugely superior to revolution, both morally and politically. While Constant's fluid, dynamic style and lofty eloquence do not always make for easy reading, his text forms a coherent whole, and in his translation Dennis O'Keeffe has focused on retaining the 'general elegance and subtle rhetoric' of the original. Sir Isaiah Berlin called Constant 'the most eloquent of all defenders of freedom and privacy' and believed to him we owe the notion of 'negative liberty', that is, what Biancamaria Fontana describes as the protection of individual experience and choices from external interferences and constraints. To Constant it was relatively unimportant whether liberty was ultimately grounded in religion or metaphysics -- what mattered were the practical guarantees of practical freedom -- autonomy in all those aspects of life that could cause no harm to others or to society as a whole. This translation is based on Etienne Hofmann's critical edition of Principes de politique (1980), complete with Constant's additions to the original work. |
| definition of political patronage: Plunkitt of Tammany Hall William L. Riordon, 1995-11-01 Plunkitt of Tammany Hall A Series of Very Plain Talks on Very Practical Politics William L. Riordan “Nobody thinks of drawin’ the distinction between honest graft and dishonest graft.” This classic work offers the unblushing, unvarnished wit and wisdom of one of the most fascinating figures ever to play the American political game and win. George Washington Plunkitt rose from impoverished beginnings to become ward boss of the Fifteenth Assembly District in New York, a key player in the powerhouse political team of Tammany Hall, and, not incidentally, a millionaire. In a series of utterly frank talks given at his headquarters (Graziano’s bootblack stand outside the New York County Court House), he revealed to a sharp-eared and sympathetic reporter named William L. Riordan the secrets of political success as practiced and perfected by him and fellow Tammany Hall titans. The result is not only a volume that reveals more about our political system than does a shelfful of civics textbooks, but also an irresistible portrait of a man who would feel happily at home playing ball with today’s lobbyists and king makers, trading votes for political and financial favors. Doing for twentieth-century America what Machiavelli did for Renaissance Italy, and as entertaining as it is instructive, Plunkitt of Tammany Hall is essential reading for those who prefer twenty-twenty vision to rose-colored glasses in viewing how our government works and why. With an Introduction by Peter Quinn and a New Afterword |
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DEFINITION is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol. …
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Definition definition: the act of defining, or of making something definite, distinct, or clear.. See examples of DEFINITION used in a …
DEFINITION | English meaning - Cambridge Diction…
DEFINITION definition: 1. a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase: 2. a description of the features and…. Learn more.
DEFINITION definition and meaning | Collins English Dict…
A definition is a statement giving the meaning of a word or expression, especially in a dictionary.
definition noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and u…
Definition of definition noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage …
Economic Patronage and Issue Linkage - University of …
By definition, economic patronage only happens within an existing power hierarchy. A powerful country exerts its economic benefit in exchange for the less powerful ... motivated to accept the …
The Role of Patronage in Shaping Indonesia's Political …
Feb 13, 2025 · Scott made a definition that underlies the client-customer relationship, which focuses on the unequal exchange between the two parties rather than descriptive standards …
Advances Hannes Mueller* Insulation or Patronage: Political ...
surprisingly, patronage can now lead to higher competence than insulation if political competition is absent. However, it is only in the combination between patronage and strong incumbent …
Paul S. Reinsch: Patronage Politics in Early Twentieth Century …
May 8, 2024 · A working theory of American elite patron-client relationships concerning Reinsch can be synthesized from two sources. Lewis Namier’s The Structure of Politics at the …
The Emergence of Political Machines - Rancocas Valley …
Feb 15, 2011 · a political party in a city, the political machine also offered services to voters and businesses in exchange for political or financial support. In the decades after the Civil War, …
Patron-Client Relations as a Model - JSTOR
In political science the study of patronage was initially concentrated on political machines and 'bossism' in more developed societies, gradually extending to the study of corruption in …
Political patronage : a newly troubled tradition - Archive.org
Political patronage, historians assure us, has a history as long if not as honourable as Canadian politics. Protests against patronage, they might add, are as old as the practice itself, although …
Was erklärt politische Patronage in den Ländern …
Wettbewerb und politischer Patronage: „The epitome of monopoly in politics is the party machine, local or national. The machine is a politically efficient and unopposed system of distribution of …
Patronage in Early Modern France - JSTOR
Patronage, Language, and Political Culture Patronage in Early Modern France Sharon Kettering Patronage in Early Modern France What is patronage? The French word patronage denotes a …
Patronage Regimes and American Party Development from …
independent variable. Rarely is the American patronage party analysed as a dependent 4 On polity feedback and political development, see Theda Skocpol, Protecting Soldiers and …
PNP ETHICAL DOCTRINE - Philippine National Police
PNPM-D-0-4-14 (DHRDD) MEMORANDUM iii MEMORANDUM TO : All Concerned FROM : Chief, PNP SUBJECT : Propagation of the PNP Ethical Doctrine DATE : February 11, 2014 1. …
EDGS WORKING PAPER - Northwestern University
May 16, 2015 · pre-modern political systems and authoritarian regimes.6 In some countries, the emergence of political dynasties can be observed clearly at the subnational level.7 The …
Favoritism in the Turkish Educational System: Nepotism, …
Patronage When the political party that forms the government removes the top managers in public institutions and organizations from office and appoints new ones based on political advocacy, …
Political Patronage Definition Ap Gov - ar6.artfulrobot.uk
Unveiling the Power of Verbal Art: An Mental Sojourn through Political Patronage Definition Ap Gov In some sort of inundated with screens and the cacophony of immediate transmission, the …
The Merit System Principles - United States Merit Systems …
political patronage, which valued connections over competence and produced staffing upheavals with each change in Administration. ... The Pendleton Act of 1883 ended the practice of …
The Theory of Systemic Patronage and State Capture
systemic patronage, which in the context of South African political design, is justified by concepts such as cadre deployment, black economic empowerment and affirmative action. Systemic …
Electoral Dynamics in the Philippines: Money Politics, …
The result is not only this rich ‘snapshot’ of the political machines as the “foundational building block of the Philippine patronage system” (p. 9). It is also the first-ever nationwide study of the …
in China Q Q - JSTOR
lems within political hierarchies. I substantiate this claim by examining how patronage networks shape economic per formance of local governments in China. Using an original city-level panel …
The Historical Development of Political Clientelism
drawn up a list of political characteristics for each stage. A tran-sitional society is characterized by organized political parties and electoral competition, a bureaucratic party of patronage, mass …
Supreme Court of the United States
sions concerning political patronage in government employment, whether a government official is a “poli-cymaker” is shorthand for whether the official occu-pies a position for which loyalty to …
Patronage, the Pendleton Act, and the Power of the People
Patronage, the Pendleton Act, and the Power of the People 53 2 A third explanation is that the Republican lame ducks passed the reform to lock in their political appointees. No one yet has …
Thebenefitsofpatronage: …
1I use patronage to refer to the political appointment of bureaucrats or, more specifically, the dis-cretionary appointment of bureaucrats by politicians based, at least partly, on political criteria or …
The Progress of Patronage in Renaissance Italy - JSTOR
about Italian Renaissance patronage. Patronage is acknowledged as one of the 'dominant social processes' of the time; it was to be found in political, social, religious, economic or artistic …
Replacing Political Patronage with Merit: The Roles of the …
2 Replacing Political Patronage with Merit: The Roles of the President and the Congress in the Origins of the Federal Civil Service System 2.1 Introduction Throughout much of the nineteenth …
Patronage Appointments in Mongolia - ResearchGate
Political patronage has hence become a key feature of Mongolian civil service. Mongolia is a specific interesting case for research on political patronage (Oyunsuren , Dierkes, & …
Power, patronage, and gatekeeper politics in South Africa
patronage networks to regenerate the political power of the patron (or gatekeeper), and political power (access to state spoils) is in turn used to replenish the resources needed to maintain …
THE FLORENTINE HOUSE OF MEDICI (1389-1743): POLITICS, …
Mar 20, 2014 · This afforded them political and financial maneuverability. They engaged in acts of patronage of art, literature, science, and architecture that not only served to elevate their social …
Economic Patronage and Issue Linkage - University of …
By definition, economic patronage only happens within an existing power hierarchy. A powerful country exerts its economic benefit in exchange for the less powerful ... motivated to accept the …
The Role of Patronage in Shaping Indonesia's Political …
Scott made a definition that underlies the client-customer relationship, which focuses on the unequal exchange between the two parties rather than descriptive standards (Scott 1972). …
The influence of patronage networks on Kenya’s experience …
7. Kenya’s political system is characterised by strong ethnic identities and entrenched patronage. Political tribalism and patronage have converged on the State to create significant incentives …
A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy - Wiley
Patronage studies, which bring together issues of personal and group identity, political power, and cultural production, have come to occupy a significant place in the history of Renaissance art. 4 …
AP Comparative Government and Politics - AP Central
or patronage bureaucratic positions AP® COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS 2019 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 6 (continued) Part (c): 2 points One point is earned for a …
Changing political parties, persistent patronage: The
Patronage only uses state resources controlled by office-holders as objects of exchange. An analogue concept is offered by Mu¨ller (2006), who defines patronage as a direct and …
Strong Patronage, Weak Parties: The Case for Electoral …
spotlight on the critical issues of patronage, electoral integrity, and underrepresentation that can be addressed had electoral system redesign been part of the reform agenda. Ramon Casiple …
CORRUPTION AND PATRONAGE IN POST-COLONIAL SUB …
Dec 13, 2023 · political patronage and a strong sense of entitlement by politicians leads to endemic corruption in the region. The study adopts conceptual analysis method whereby …
The Theory of Systemic Patronage and State Capture
systemic patronage, which in the context of South African political design, is justified by concepts such as cadre deployment, black economic empowerment and affirmative action. Systemic …
Presidential Patronage and Bureaucratic Development
The ˙rst century of American government was administered largely by the major political parties. Patronage was central to these arrangements (e.g.,Carpenter2001;Skowronek1982; …
Political Dynasties and the Quality of Government - Stanford …
Political dynasties can also serve as a way to allow woman to enter politics using the political capital of the family as suggested by Labonne and Querubin (2015). While there is growing …
Patrons, Clients, and Empire: The Subordination of Indigenous …
sonal initiative. Relations between princes and the Indian Political Departments were rarely cut-and-dried, combining a mix of personal resentments and personal confidence not so far …
Philippine Political Culture and Governance
Objective political culture is usually context-dependent and meaning-sensitive (Cole, 1996). Table 2 presents a few objective aspects of Filipino political culture and examples of objective …
WIDER Working Paper 2021/116
There is thus often a hierarchical interlinkage between political patronage and social patronage mechanisms, wherein social patrons act as brokers, delivering votes of their clients to parties in …
Presidents and Patronage - Vanderbilt University
withhold jobs is an important source of leverage in the political system. Federal patronage can help unite party factions and induce political support from key groups (Bearfield 2009; Key …
The End of 'Old Corruption' in Britain 1780-1860 - JSTOR
Briefly, one might usefully distinguish between the "political influ-ence of the crown" - the patronage which the government continued to have at its disposal to bribe or reward members …
Introduction: Patrimonialism, Past and Present - JSTOR
INTRODUCTION 9 Thistripleknot-patrimonialism,bureaucracy,andmodernity-remainsakeyto ourtroubledtimes. Theauthorsexamineandworktountiethisknotfromdifferentangles,cov ...
Criminal Justice: An Overview of the System - Doc's Things …
Political Era: A period during the Nineteenth Century when policing in America's large urban centers was defined by political patronage and graft and corruption were rampant. Posse …
Parties Are Not the Only Patrons: Towards a New Typology of …
In the extensive literature on patronage in the fields of political science and public administration, a consensus regarding the definition of patronage is notably lacking. Several scholars employ …
Political Corruption: An Introduction to the Issues
In the definition shared by most political scientists, political corruption is any transaction between private and public sector actors through which collective goods are illegitimately converted into …
Oligarchic Patrimonialism, Bossism, Electoral Clientelism, …
the country's political economy and the nature of its political system. Rampant favoritism and weak state regulation characterize the Philippine banking system and endure despite regime …
BIG MAN AND PATRONAGE SYSTEM: ITS ROLE IN THE …
Although it has never been classified as a paradigm, the patronage system is an important component of administrative history and forms the basis for the emergence of the TPA as a …
The Economy of Patronage - JSTOR
THE ECONOMY OF PATRONAGE JAMES Q. WILSON University of Chicago T HERE is a growing interest in the development of descriptive models of political competition and deci-sion …
