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| definition of political freedom: Freedom Annelien De Dijn, 2020-08-25 Winner of the PROSE Award An NRC Handelsblad Best Book of the Year “Ambitious and impressive...At a time when the very survival of both freedom and democracy seems uncertain, books like this are more important than ever.” —The Nation “Helps explain how partisans on both the right and the left can claim to be protectors of liberty, yet hold radically different understandings of its meaning...This deeply informed history of an idea has the potential to combat political polarization.” —Publishers Weekly “Ambitious and bold, this book will have an enormous impact on how we think about the place of freedom in the Western tradition.” —Samuel Moyn, author of Not Enough “Brings remarkable clarity to a big and messy subject...New insights and hard-hitting conclusions about the resistance to democracy make this essential reading for anyone interested in the roots of our current dilemmas.” —Lynn Hunt, author of History: Why It Matters For centuries people in the West identified freedom with the ability to exercise control over the way in which they were governed. The equation of liberty with restraints on state power—what most people today associate with freedom—was a deliberate and dramatic rupture with long-established ways of thinking. So what triggered this fateful reversal? In a masterful and surprising reappraisal of more than two thousand years of Western thinking about freedom, Annelien de Dijn argues that this was not the natural outcome of such secular trends as the growth of religious tolerance or the creation of market societies. Rather, it was propelled by an antidemocratic backlash following the French and American Revolutions. The notion that freedom is best preserved by shrinking the sphere of government was not invented by the revolutionaries who created our modern democracies—it was first conceived by their critics and opponents. De Dijn shows that far from following in the path of early American patriots, today’s critics of “big government” owe more to the counterrevolutionaries who tried to undo their work. |
| definition of political freedom: Development as Freedom Amartya Sen, 2011-05-25 By the winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economics, an essential and paradigm-altering framework for understanding economic development--for both rich and poor--in the twenty-first century. Freedom, Sen argues, is both the end and most efficient means of sustaining economic life and the key to securing the general welfare of the world's entire population. Releasing the idea of individual freedom from association with any particular historical, intellectual, political, or religious tradition, Sen clearly demonstrates its current applicability and possibilities. In the new global economy, where, despite unprecedented increases in overall opulence, the contemporary world denies elementary freedoms to vast numbers--perhaps even the majority of people--he concludes, it is still possible to practically and optimistically restain a sense of social accountability. Development as Freedom is essential reading. |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom Is Power Lawrence Hamilton, 2014-07-31 A novel, sophisticated and realistic account of freedom as power through political representation. |
| definition of political freedom: Capitalism and Freedom Milton Friedman, Rose D. Friedman, 1962 Examines the nature of the relationship which exists between a society based on competitive capitalism and the political and economic freedoms of its citizens |
| definition of political freedom: Political Freedom George G. Brenkert, 2006-09-27 This book examines the underlying theoretical issues concerning the nature of political freedom. Arguing that most previous discussions of such freedom have been too narrowly focused, it explores both conservativism from Edmund Burke to its present resurgence, the radical tradition of Karl Marx, as well as the orthodox liberal model of freedom of John Locke, John Stuart Mill and Isaiah Berlin. Political Freedom argues that these three accounts of political freedom - conservative, liberal and radical - all have internal weaknesses which render them unsatisfactory. In the second part of the book George Brenkert develops an alternative theory of political freedom. Using the guiding concept of empowerment, his model explores individual rights, democratic participation in government and workplace, and the need to provide the material and educational resources to allow individuals to effectively exercise their rights to self-determination. It is a clear and bold attack on the view that there is no link between freedom and power. |
| definition of political freedom: Burdens of Freedom Lawrence M. Mead, 2019-04-23 Burdens of Freedom presents a new and radical interpretation of America and its challenges. The United States is an individualist society where most people seek to realize personal goals and values out in the world. This unusual, inner-driven culture was the chief reason why first Europe, then Britain, and finally America came to lead the world. But today, our deepest problems derive from groups and nations that reflect the more passive, deferential temperament of the non-West. The long-term poor and many immigrants have difficulties assimilating in America mainly because they are less inner-driven than the norm. Abroad, the United States faces challenges from Asia, which is collective-minded, and also from many poorly-governed countries in the developing world. The chief threat to American leadership is no longer foreign rivals like China but the decay of individualism within our own society. The great divide is between the individualist West, for which life is a project, and the rest of the world, in which most people seek to survive rather than achieve. This difference, although clear in research on world cultures, has been ignored in virtually all previous scholarship on American power and public policy, both at home and abroad. Burdens of Freedom is the first book to recognize that difference. It casts new light on America's greatest struggles. It re-evaluates the entire Western tradition, which took individualism for granted. How to respond to cultural difference is the greatest test of our times. |
| definition of political freedom: Political Liberalism John Rawls, 2005-03-24 This book continues and revises the ideas of justice as fairness that John Rawls presented in A Theory of Justice but changes its philosophical interpretation in a fundamental way. That previous work assumed what Rawls calls a well-ordered society, one that is stable and relatively homogenous in its basic moral beliefs and in which there is broad agreement about what constitutes the good life. Yet in modern democratic society a plurality of incompatible and irreconcilable doctrines—religious, philosophical, and moral—coexist within the framework of democratic institutions. Recognizing this as a permanent condition of democracy, Rawls asks how a stable and just society of free and equal citizens can live in concord when divided by reasonable but incompatible doctrines? This edition includes the essay The Idea of Public Reason Revisited, which outlines Rawls' plans to revise Political Liberalism, which were cut short by his death. An extraordinary well-reasoned commentary on A Theory of Justice...a decisive turn towards political philosophy. —Times Literary Supplement |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2006 Freedom House, 2006 Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 192 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development. |
| definition of political freedom: The Language of Morals R. M. Hare, 1964 Hare has written a clear, brief, and readable introduction to ethics which looks at all the fundamental problems of the subject. |
| definition of political freedom: Two Concepts of Liberty Isaiah Berlin, 1966 |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2004 Aili Piano, Arch Puddington, 2004 Freedom in the World contains both comparative ratings and written narratives and is now the standard reference work for measuring the progress and decline in political rights and civil liberties on a global basis. |
| definition of political freedom: The Freedom to Read American Library Association, 1953 |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2018 Freedom House, 2019-01-31 Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fifteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development. |
| definition of political freedom: Capitalism and Freedom Milton Friedman, 2020-09-22 One of TIME magazine’s All-TIME 100 Best Nonfiction Books One of Times Literary Supplement’s 100 Most Influential Books Since the War One of National Review’s 100 Best Nonfiction Books of the Century One of Intercollegiate Studies Institute’s 50 Best Books of the 20th Century How can we benefit from the promise of government while avoiding the threat it poses to individual freedom? In this classic book, Milton Friedman provides the definitive statement of an immensely influential economic philosophy—one in which competitive capitalism serves as both a device for achieving economic freedom and a necessary condition for political freedom. First published in 1962, Friedman’s Capitalism and Freedom is one of the most significant works of economic theory ever written. Enduring in its eminence and esteem, it has sold nearly a million copies in English, has been translated into eighteen languages, and continues to inform economic thinking and policymaking around the world. This new edition includes prefaces written by Friedman for both the 1982 and 2002 reissues of the book, as well as a new foreword by Binyamin Appelbaum, lead economics writer for the New York Times editorial board. |
| definition of political freedom: Between Form and Event: Machiavelli's Theory of Political Freedom M. Vatter, 2013-04-17 Before Machiavelli, political freedom was approached as a problem of the best distribution of the functions of ruler and ruled. Machiavelli changed the terms of freedom, requiring that its discourse address the demand for no-rule or non-domination. Political freedom would then develop only through a strategy of antagonism to every form of legitimate domination. This leads to the emergence of modern political life: any institution that wishes to rule legitimately must simultaneously be inscribed with its immanent critique and imminent subversion. For Machiavelli, the possibility of instituting the political form is conditioned by the possibility of changing it in an event of political revolution. This book shows Machiavelli as a philosopher of the modern condition. For him, politics exists in the absence of those absolute moral standards that are called upon to legitimate the domination of man over man. If this understanding lies open to relativism and historicism, it does so in order to render effective the project of reinventing the sense of human freedom. Machiavelli's legacy to modernity is the recognition of an irreconcilable tension between the demands of freedom and the imperatives of morality. |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2005 Freedom House, 2005 Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 192 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development. Freedom House is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that supports democratic change, monitors freedom, and advocates for democracy and human rights. |
| definition of political freedom: Republicanism Philip Pettit, 1997 This is the first full-length presentation of a republican alternative to the liberal and communitarian theories that have dominated political philosophy in recent years. The latest addition to the acclaimed Oxford Political Theory series, Pettit's eloquent and compelling account opens with an examination of the traditional republican conception of freedom as non-domination, contrasting this with established negative and positive views of liberty. The first part of the book traces the rise and decline of this conception, displays its many attractions, and makes a case for why it should still be regarded as a central political ideal. The second part of the book looks at what the implementation of the ideal would require with regard to substantive policy-making, constitutional and democratic design, regulatory control and the relation between state and civil society. Prominent in this account is a novel concept of democracy, under which government is exposed to systematic contestation, and a vision of state-societal relations founded upon civility and trust. Pettit's powerful and insightful new work offers not only a unified, theoretical overview of the many strands of republican ideas, but also a new and sophisticated perspective on studies in related fields including the history of ideas, jurisprudence, and criminology. |
| definition of political freedom: Militant Democracy András Sajó, Lorri Rutt Bentch, 2004 This book is a collection of contributions by leading scholars on theoretical and contemporary problems of militant democracy. The term 'militant democracy' was first coined in 1937. In a militant democracy preventive measures are aimed, at least in practice, at restricting people who would openly contest and challenge democratic institutions and fundamental preconditions of democracy like secularism - even though such persons act within the existing limits of, and rely on the rights offered by, democracy. In the shadow of the current wars on terrorism, which can also involve rights restrictions, the overlapping though distinct problem of militant democracy seems to be lost, notwithstanding its importance for emerging and established democracies. This volume will be of particular significance outside the German-speaking world, since the bulk of the relevant literature on militant democracy is in the German language. The book is of interest to academics in the field of law, political studies and constitutionalism. |
| definition of political freedom: Protecting the right to freedom of expression under the European Convention on Human Rights Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika, 2017-08-04 European Convention on Human Rights – Article 10 – Freedom of expression 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. This article shall not prevent States from requiring the licensing of broadcasting, television or cinema enterprises. 2. The exercise of these freedoms, since it carries with it duties and responsibilities, may be subject to such formalities, conditions, restrictions or penalties as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society, in the interests of national security, territorial integrity or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, for the protection of the reputation or rights of others, for preventing the disclosure of information received in confidence, or for maintaining the authority and impartiality of the judiciary. In the context of an effective democracy and respect for human rights mentioned in the Preamble to the European Convention on Human Rights, freedom of expression is not only important in its own right, but it also plays a central part in the protection of other rights under the Convention. Without a broad guarantee of the right to freedom of expression protected by independent and impartial courts, there is no free country, there is no democracy. This general proposition is undeniable. This handbook is a practical tool for legal professionals from Council of Europe member states who wish to strengthen their skills in applying the European Convention on Human Rights and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in their daily work. |
| definition of political freedom: A Social Theory of Freedom Mariam Thalos, 2016-03-17 In A Social Theory of Freedom, Mariam Thalos argues that the theory of human freedom should be a broadly social and political theory, rather than a theory that places itself in opposition to the issue of determinism. Thalos rejects the premise that a theory of freedom is fundamentally a theory of the metaphysics of constraint and, instead, lays out a political conception of freedom that is closely aligned with questions of social identity, self-development in contexts of intimate relationships, and social solidarity. Thalos argues that whether a person is free (in any context) depends upon a certain relationship of fit between that agent’s conception of themselves (both present and future), on the one hand, and the facts of their circumstances, on the other. Since relationships of fit are broadly logical, freedom is a logic—it is the logic of fit between one’s aspirations and one’s circumstances, what Thalos calls the logic of agency. The logic of agency, once fleshed out, becomes a broadly social and political theory that encompasses one’s self-conceptions as well as how these self-conceptions are generated, together with how they fit with the circumstances of one’s life. The theory of freedom proposed in this volume is fundamentally a political one. |
| definition of political freedom: Liberty Defined Ron Paul, 2011-04-19 In Liberty Defined, congressman and #1 New York Times bestselling author Ron Paul returns with his most provocative, comprehensive, and compelling arguments for personal freedom to date. The term Liberty is so commonly used in our country that it has become a mere cliche. But do we know what it means? What it promises? How it factors into our daily lives? And most importantly, can we recognize tyranny when it is sold to us disguised as a form of liberty? Dr. Paul writes that to believe in liberty is not to believe in any particular social and economic outcome. It is to trust in the spontaneous order that emerges when the state does not intervene in human volition and human cooperation. It permits people to work out their problems for themselves, build lives for themselves, take risks and accept responsibility for the results, and make their own decisions. It is the seed of America. This is a comprehensive guide to Dr. Paul's position on fifty of the most important issues of our times, from Abortion to Zionism. Accessible, easy to digest, and fearless in its discussion of controversial topics, Liberty Defined sheds new light on a word that is losing its shape. |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2012 Freedom House, 2012 A survey of the state of human freedom around the world investigates such crucial indicators as the status of civil and political liberties and provides individual country reports. |
| definition of political freedom: Human Rights Andrew Clapham, 2015 Focusing on highly topical issues such as torture, arbitrary detention, privacy, and discrimination, this book will help readers to understand for themselves the controversies and complexities behind human rights. |
| definition of political freedom: Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments Benjamin Constant, 2003 Benjamin Constant (1767-1830) was born in Switzerland and became one of France's leading writers, as well as a journalist, philosopher, and politician. His colourful life included a formative stay at the University of Edinburgh; service at the court of Brunswick, Germany; election to the French Tribunate; and initial opposition and subsequent support for Napoleon, even the drafting of a constitution for the Hundred Days. Constant wrote many books, essays, and pamphlets. His deepest conviction was that reform is hugely superior to revolution, both morally and politically. While Constant's fluid, dynamic style and lofty eloquence do not always make for easy reading, his text forms a coherent whole, and in his translation Dennis O'Keeffe has focused on retaining the 'general elegance and subtle rhetoric' of the original. Sir Isaiah Berlin called Constant 'the most eloquent of all defenders of freedom and privacy' and believed to him we owe the notion of 'negative liberty', that is, what Biancamaria Fontana describes as the protection of individual experience and choices from external interferences and constraints. To Constant it was relatively unimportant whether liberty was ultimately grounded in religion or metaphysics -- what mattered were the practical guarantees of practical freedom -- autonomy in all those aspects of life that could cause no harm to others or to society as a whole. This translation is based on Etienne Hofmann's critical edition of Principes de politique (1980), complete with Constant's additions to the original work. |
| definition of political freedom: Political Freedom Howard Davis, 2000-01-01 Howard Davis looks at how the presence of political motives, when balanced against other motives, affects the legal character of the action, and asks why common law and statute should differentiate the political from the nonpolitical. An original and important contribution to the debate on the nature of an effective democracy and the legal rules necessary to establish and sustain it. |
| definition of political freedom: A Philosophy of Freedom Lars Svendsen, 2014-10-15 Freedom of speech, religion, choice, will—humans have fought, and continue to fight, for all of these. But what is human freedom really? Taking a broad approach across metaphysics, politics, and ethics, Lars Svendsen explores this question in his engaging book, while also looking at the threats freedom faces today. Though our behaviors, thoughts, and actions are restricted by social and legal rules, deadlines, and burdens, Svendsen argues that the fundamental requirement for living a human life is the ability to be free. A Philosophy of Freedom questions how we can successfully create meaningful lives when we are estranged from the very concept of freedom. Svendsen tackles such issues as the nature of free agency and the possibility of freedom in a universe governed by natural laws. He concludes that the true definition of personal freedom is first and foremost the liberty to devote yourself to what really matters to you—to realize the true value of the life you are living. Drawing on the fascinating debates around the possibility of freedom and its limits within society, this comprehensive investigation provides an accessible and insightful overview that will appeal to academics and general readers alike. |
| definition of political freedom: Liberty David Miller, 1991 All states and political movements in the world today proclaim themselves in favor of liberty. But what precisely does it mean to say that a person or society is free? The essays collected in this book represent the best analyses of the concept of liberty offered by political theorists over the last century. They contain a wide range of views about what liberty consists of and how it may be promoted and chosen to represent the spectrum of political opinion. David Miller's introduction provides a comprehensive overview of the debate, placing recent contributions within traditions of thought about liberty that stretch back to ancient Greece. This book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students in politics, political theory, and political philosophy. |
| definition of political freedom: The Narrow Corridor Daron Acemoglu, James A. Robinson, 2019 How does history end? -- The Red Queen -- Will to power -- Economics outside the corridor -- Allegory of good government -- The European scissors -- Mandate of Heaven -- Broken Red Queen -- Devil in the details -- What's the matter with Ferguson? -- The paper leviathan -- Wahhab's children -- Red Queen out of control -- Into the corridor -- Living with the leviathan. |
| definition of political freedom: The Oxford Handbook of Freedom David Schmidtz, Carmen Pavel, 2018-02-01 We speak of being 'free' to speak our minds, free to go to college, free to move about; we can be cancer-free, debt-free, worry-free, or free from doubt. The concept of freedom (and relatedly the notion of liberty) is ubiquitous but not everyone agrees what the term means, and the philosophical analysis of freedom that has grown over the last two decades has revealed it to be a complex notion whose meaning is dependent on the context. The Oxford Handbook of Freedom will crystallize this work and craft the first wide-ranging analysis of freedom in all its dimensions: legal, cultural, religious, economic, political, and psychological. This volume includes 28 new essays by well regarded philosophers, as well some historians and political theorists, in order to reflect the breadth of the topic. This handbook covers both current scholarship as well as historical trends, with an overall eye to how current ideas on freedom developed. The volume is divided into six sections: conceptual frames (framing the overall debates about freedom), historical frames (freedom in key historical periods, from the ancients onward), institutional frames (freedom and the law), cultural frames (mutual expectations on our 'right' to be free), economic frames (freedom and the market), and lastly psychological frames (free will in philosophy and psychology). |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom Rising Christian Welzel, 2013-12-23 This is the first study to demonstrate the role of cultural change in the global rise of freedoms. In multiple ways, the author illustrates how emerging emancipative values intertwine technological and institutional changes into a single trend toward human empowerment. The author interprets his broad and far-reaching findings from societies around the world in a new and coherent framework: the evolutionary theory of emancipation. |
| definition of political freedom: The Debasement of Human Rights Aaron Rhodes, 2018-04-17 The idea of human rights began as a call for individual freedom from tyranny, yet today it is exploited to rationalize oppression and promote collectivism. How did this happen? Aaron Rhodes, recognized as “one of the leading human rights activists in the world” by the University of Chicago, reveals how an emancipatory ideal became so debased. Rhodes identifies the fundamental flaw in the Universal Declaration of Human of Rights, the basis for many international treaties and institutions. It mixes freedom rights rooted in natural law—authentic human rights—with “economic and social rights,” or claims to material support from governments, which are intrinsically political. As a result, the idea of human rights has lost its essential meaning and moral power. The principles of natural rights, first articulated in antiquity, were compromised in a process of accommodation with the Soviet Union after World War II, and under the influence of progressivism in Western democracies. Geopolitical and ideological forces ripped the concept of human rights from its foundations, opening it up to abuse. Dissidents behind the Iron Curtain saw clearly the difference between freedom rights and state-granted entitlements, but the collapse of the USSR allowed demands for an expanding array of economic and social rights to gain legitimacy without the totalitarian stigma. The international community and civil society groups now see human rights as being defined by legislation, not by transcendent principles. Freedoms are traded off for the promise of economic benefits, and the notion of collective rights is used to justify restrictions on basic liberties. We all have a stake in human rights, and few serious observers would deny that the concept has lost clarity. But no one before has provided such a comprehensive analysis of the problem as Rhodes does here, joining philosophy and history with insights from his own extensive work in the field. |
| definition of political freedom: The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad (Revised Edition) Fareed Zakaria, 2007-10-17 “A work of tremendous originality and insight. ... Makes you see the world differently.”—Washington Post Translated into twenty languages ?The Future of Freedom ?is a modern classic that uses historical analysis to shed light on the present, examining how democracy has changed our politics, economies, and social relations. Prescient in laying out the distinction between democracy and liberty, the book contains a new afterword on the United States's occupation of Iraq and a wide-ranging update of the book's themes. |
| definition of political freedom: Rousseau's Theory of Freedom Matthew Simpson, 2006-04-10 Offers an interpretation of the theory of freedom in the Social Contract. The author gives a careful analysis of Rousseau's theory of the social pact, and then examines the kinds of freedom that it brings about, showing how Rousseau's individualist and collectivist aspects fit into a larger and logically coherent theory of human liberty. |
| definition of political freedom: Politics and the English Language George Orwell, 2021-01-01 George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Politics and the English Language, the second in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell takes aim at the language used in politics, which, he says, ‘is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind’. In an age where the language used in politics is constantly under the microscope, Orwell’s Politics and the English Language is just as relevant today, and gives the reader a vital understanding of the tactics at play. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2020 Freedom House, 2021-01-22 Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fifteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development. |
| definition of political freedom: Hegel: A Very Short Introduction Peter Singer, 2001-08-23 Many people regard Hegel's work as obscure and extremely difficult, yet his importance and influence are universally acknowledged. Professor Singer eliminates any excuse for remaining ignorant of the outlines of Hegel's philosophy by providing a broad discussion of his ideas and an account of his major works. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. |
| definition of political freedom: Between Past and Future Hannah Arendt, Jerome Kohn, 2006-09-26 From the author of Eichmann in Jerusalem and The Origins of Totalitarianism, “a book to think with through the political impasses and cultural confusions of our day” (Harper’s Magazine) Hannah Arendt’s insightful observations of the modern world, based on a profound knowledge of the past, constitute an impassioned contribution to political philosophy. In Between Past and Future Arendt describes the perplexing crises modern society faces as a result of the loss of meaning of the traditional key words of politics: justice, reason, responsibility, virtue, and glory. Through a series of eight exercises, she shows how we can redistill the vital essence of these concepts and use them to regain a frame of reference for the future. To participate in these exercises is to associate, in action, with one of the most original and fruitful minds of the twentieth century. |
| definition of political freedom: Freedom in the World 2010 Freedom House, 2010-11 Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 193 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development. |
| definition of political freedom: The Constitution of Liberty F.A. Hayek, 2020-06-29 Originally published in 1960, The Constitution of Liberty delineates and defends the principles of a free society and traces the origin, rise, and decline of the rule of law. Casting a skeptical eye on the growth of the welfare state, Hayek examines the challenges to freedom posed by an ever expanding government as well as its corrosive effect on the creation, preservation, and utilization of knowledge. In distinction to those who confidently call for the state to play a greater role in society, Hayek puts forward a nuanced argument for prudence. Guided by this quality, he elegantly demonstrates that a free market system in a democratic polity—under the rule of law and with strong constitutional protections of individual rights—represents the best chance for the continuing existence of liberty. Striking a balance between skepticism and hope, Hayek’s profound insights remain strikingly vital half a century on. This definitive edition of The Constitution of Liberty will give a new generation the opportunity to learn from Hayek’s enduring wisdom. |
| definition of political freedom: Democracy of Expression Andrew T. Kenyon, 2021-06-17 Drawing from multiple scholarly fields, Kenyon examines free speech's positive dimensions of enablement and how they can be pursued. |
THE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL FREEDOM - JSTOR
POLITICAL FREEDOM THE CONCEPT of freedom, even when restricted to the political context, has a number of uses, interpretations or meanings, and the social and political systems …
C. S. Lewis and the Meaning of Freedom - tifwe.org
Accordingly, this article will survey and analyze several writings of C. S. Lewis that correspond to the most common political-philosophical distinctions regarding the meaning of freedom and will …
The Concepts and Fundamental Principles of Democracy
Democracy requires that each individual be free to participate in the political community’s self-government. Thus political freedom lies at the heart of the concept of democracy. The overall …
University of Groningen Freedom in Political Philosophy …
freedom: Specific freedom (and unfreedom) is about what it means to be free (or unfree) to do a specific act or be in a specific state. For example, you have the specific freedom to read this …
FREEDOM AND POLITICS: A Lecture - JSTOR
politics for the sake of freedom, but the entire modern age has sepa rated freedom and politics. I could descend even deeper into the past and evoke older memories and traditions. The pre …
1 The Meaning of Freedom - Springer
'freedom relates to the metaphysical nature of the self...liberty relates to the social or political dimension'. A more sustained attempt to distinguish between liberty and freedom has been …
What does freedom mean? - ResearchGate
Freedom is one of the most important concepts in U.S. politics. Given the claim that freedom is one of, if not the most, important political goals, it is also important that we understand...
THE CONCEPT OF FREEDOM - University of Malta
As a fundamental human right, freedom has two aspects: (a) negative -freedom from ... any unnecessary interference from others. This in no way implies the removal of authority.
The Multiple Dimensions of Positive Freedom
The relation between (positive) freedom and value is explored in several of the essays here, for example in the chapters by Wall, Quante, Dimova- Cookson, Cooke, and Simhony.
Conditions for Freedom: A few theses on the theory of …
Isaiah Berlin gave a good philosophical definition of freedom (the words “freedom” and “liberty” are being used here mutually interchangeably):
Metaphysical and political freedom: overcoming the …
political ideas about freedom were consistently substantiated and derived from metaphysical ideas. But in the twentieth century, metaphysical (fundamental) problems of freedom of will and …
V 16.1 W ARE POLITICAL FREEDOMS - Council for Economic …
Vote freely in legitimate elections. Elect representatives who will be accountable to them. Exercise freedom of expression and belief. Assemble and associate freely. Have access to an …
UNIT 4 FREEDOM - eGyanKosh
Political freedom: Outer or political freedom, or personal liberty is the absence of outward restraints, with respect to speech, freedom of thought, religious practice, the press and the …
Marx's Concept of Freedom as a Normative Foundation of …
illuminate Marx’s concept of freedom as a counterpart of liberalist definition of freedom. I will also argue that Marx's concept of freedom is an ethical foundation of the dialectic that he develops …
The Hegelian Concept of Political Freedom - JSTOR
Hegel learned that freedom is essentially social and political rather than individual; freedom in the absence of organized social systems being a logical as well as an empirical contradiction for …
INTRODUCTION: FREEDOM AND PHILOSOPHY - Cambridge …
People strongly desire freedom, and therefore support governments, programs, policies, and candidates that they perceive to advance its cause. But what people perceive to advance the …
Michigan Law Review Meiklejohn: Political Freedom
Paul G. Kauper, Meiklejohn: Political Freedom, 58 MICH. L. REV. 619 (1960). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol58/iss4/18 This Book Reviews is brought to you for free …
“Virtue or Will” Two Notions of Freedom in the Concept of …
To find out what Hannah Arendt’s antipodal concept of political freedom is, I would like to pick up on two threads of contention which were raised in the workshop on “Violence and Politics” 3 in …
The structure of the concept of political freedom in Hannah …
This paper is devoted to clarifying Hannah Arendt’s concept of political freedom (which, at certain points, is markedly obscure) by the means of analysing its structure. My analysis proceeds in …
Defining freedom - Esri
How has the spread of UN member nations affected freedom across the globe? [Answers will vary.] ʅ Turn on the layer and read the map note, Palais de Chaillot map note.
THE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL FREEDOM - JSTOR
POLITICAL FREEDOM THE CONCEPT of freedom, even when restricted to the political context, has a number of uses, interpretations or meanings, and the social and political systems …
C. S. Lewis and the Meaning of Freedom - tifwe.org
Accordingly, this article will survey and analyze several writings of C. S. Lewis that correspond to the most common political-philosophical distinctions regarding the meaning of freedom and will …
The Concepts and Fundamental Principles of Democracy
Democracy requires that each individual be free to participate in the political community’s self-government. Thus political freedom lies at the heart of the concept of democracy. The overall …
University of Groningen Freedom in Political Philosophy …
freedom: Specific freedom (and unfreedom) is about what it means to be free (or unfree) to do a specific act or be in a specific state. For example, you have the specific freedom to read this …
FREEDOM AND POLITICS: A Lecture - JSTOR
politics for the sake of freedom, but the entire modern age has sepa rated freedom and politics. I could descend even deeper into the past and evoke older memories and traditions. The pre …
1 The Meaning of Freedom - Springer
'freedom relates to the metaphysical nature of the self...liberty relates to the social or political dimension'. A more sustained attempt to distinguish between liberty and freedom has been …
What does freedom mean? - ResearchGate
Freedom is one of the most important concepts in U.S. politics. Given the claim that freedom is one of, if not the most, important political goals, it is also important that we understand...
THE CONCEPT OF FREEDOM - University of Malta
As a fundamental human right, freedom has two aspects: (a) negative -freedom from ... any unnecessary interference from others. This in no way implies the removal of authority.
The Multiple Dimensions of Positive Freedom
The relation between (positive) freedom and value is explored in several of the essays here, for example in the chapters by Wall, Quante, Dimova- Cookson, Cooke, and Simhony.
Conditions for Freedom: A few theses on the theory of …
Isaiah Berlin gave a good philosophical definition of freedom (the words “freedom” and “liberty” are being used here mutually interchangeably):
Metaphysical and political freedom: overcoming the …
political ideas about freedom were consistently substantiated and derived from metaphysical ideas. But in the twentieth century, metaphysical (fundamental) problems of freedom of will …
V 16.1 W ARE POLITICAL FREEDOMS - Council for …
Vote freely in legitimate elections. Elect representatives who will be accountable to them. Exercise freedom of expression and belief. Assemble and associate freely. Have access to an …
UNIT 4 FREEDOM - eGyanKosh
Political freedom: Outer or political freedom, or personal liberty is the absence of outward restraints, with respect to speech, freedom of thought, religious practice, the press and the …
Marx's Concept of Freedom as a Normative Foundation of …
illuminate Marx’s concept of freedom as a counterpart of liberalist definition of freedom. I will also argue that Marx's concept of freedom is an ethical foundation of the dialectic that he develops …
The Hegelian Concept of Political Freedom - JSTOR
Hegel learned that freedom is essentially social and political rather than individual; freedom in the absence of organized social systems being a logical as well as an empirical contradiction for …
INTRODUCTION: FREEDOM AND PHILOSOPHY
People strongly desire freedom, and therefore support governments, programs, policies, and candidates that they perceive to advance its cause. But what people perceive to advance the …
Michigan Law Review Meiklejohn: Political Freedom
Paul G. Kauper, Meiklejohn: Political Freedom, 58 MICH. L. REV. 619 (1960). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol58/iss4/18 This Book Reviews is brought to you for free …
“Virtue or Will” Two Notions of Freedom in the Concept of …
To find out what Hannah Arendt’s antipodal concept of political freedom is, I would like to pick up on two threads of contention which were raised in the workshop on “Violence and Politics” 3 in …
The structure of the concept of political freedom in Hannah …
This paper is devoted to clarifying Hannah Arendt’s concept of political freedom (which, at certain points, is markedly obscure) by the means of analysing its structure. My analysis proceeds in …
Defining freedom - Esri
How has the spread of UN member nations affected freedom across the globe? [Answers will vary.] ʅ Turn on the layer and read the map note, Palais de Chaillot map note.
